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Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak(Software Engineering)Bagian 2
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 1
copyright © 2006
R.S. Pressman & Associates, IncDimara Kusuma Hakim, ST.
Fitria Ekowati, ST.
Materi ini dapat didownload di :DimaraKusumaHakim.BlogSpot.com
Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e
Bab 2Proses : Pandangan Umum
copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc.Dimara Kusuma Hakim, ST.Fitria Ekowati, ST.
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 2
Definisi
Pembangunan dan Pengggunaan prinsip-prinsip rekayasa dalam rangka mendapatkan perangkat lunak yang ekonomis yang handal dan bekerja efisien pada komputer yang nyata (Fritz Bauer)
IEEE Aplikasi pendekatan sistematik, disiplin,
terquantifikasi pada pengembangan, operasi, perawatan perangkat lunak, yaitu aplikasi rekayasa pada perangkat lunak
Studi pendekatan-pendekatan di atasThese courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software
Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 3
Teknologi Berlapis
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 4
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak
a “quality” focusa “quality” focus
process modelprocess model
methodsmethods
toolstools
Pandangan Umum RPL
Rekayasa : analisis, desain, konstruksi, verifikasi, dan manajemen entitas teknis (dan sosial) Problem apa yang harus diselesaikan ? Karakteristik entitias apa yang digunakan untuk
menyelesaikan masalah ? Bagaimana entitas (dan solusinya) direalisasikan ? Bagaimana entitas di konstruksi ? Pendekatan apa yang digunakan untuk
menemukankesalahan yang dibuat pada desain dan konstruksi entitas ?
Bagaimana entitas didukung dalam jangka panjang, dimana koreksi, adaptasi, dan peningkatan selalu diminta pengguna pada entitas
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 5
Tiga Fase Umum RPL
Fase definisi, fokus pada pertanyaan “apa” Fase pengembangan, fokus pada
pertanyaan “bagaimana” Fase dukungan, fokus pada “perubahan” :
Koreksi Adaptasi Peningkatan Pencegahan
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 6
Process Framework
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 7
Process FrameworkProcess FrameworkFramework ActivitiesFramework Activities
TugasTugasProdukProdukKegiatan Utama & InstalasiKegiatan Utama & InstalasiQA checkpointsQA checkpoints
Umbrella ActivitiesUmbrella Activities
Aktivitas Bingkai Kerja
Komunikasi Perencanaan Pemodelan
Analisis Kebutuhan Desain
Konstruksi Menyusun kode Pengujian
Produksi
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 8
Aktivitas Payung
Manajemen Proyek Software Review Teknik Formal Jaminan Mutu Software Manajemen Konfigurasi Software Persiapan dan Produksi Produk
Pekerjaan Manajemen Penggunaan Kembali Pengukuran Manajemen Resiko
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 9
Model Proses : Adaptabilitas
Aktivitas-aktivitas bingkai kerja akan selalu diaplikasikan pada setiap project, tetapi ….
Tugas-tugas (dan derajat kekakuan) pada setiap aktivitas akan bervariasi bergantung pada : Tipe proyek Karakteristik proyek Penilaian umum; persetujuan tim proyek
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 10
CMMI CMMI menentukan setiap area proses dalam
hal “tujuan spesifik” dan “langkah-langkah spesifik” yang dibutuhkan untuk menggapai tujuan-tujuan tersebut.
Tujuan-Tujuan Spesifik membangun karakteristik-karakteristik yang harus ada jika aktivitas yang dilakukan sebuah proses adalah efektif.
Langkah-Langkah Spesifik membuat sebuah tujuan menjadi sekelompok aktivitas-aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan proses.
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 11
Pola-Pola Proses Pola-pola proses menentukan sekelompok
aktivitas, aksi, tugas-tugas pekerjaan, produk-produk pekerjaan dan/atau perilaku yang berkaitan
Sebuah template digunakan untuk menentukan pattern/pola
Contoh-contoh umum : Komunikasi pelanggan (sebuah aktivitas proses) Analisis (sebuah aksi) Pengumpulan Kebutuhan (sebuah tugas proses) Review sebuah produk kerja (sebuah tugas
proses) Model Desain (sebuah produk kerja)
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 12
Asesmen Proses
Sebuah proses harus dinilai untuk memastikan bahwa mereka memenuhi sekumpulan kriteria proses dasar yang penting bagi rekayasa PL yang sukses.
Beberapa pilihan penilaian yang tersedia : SCAMPI CBA IPI SPICE ISO 9001:2000
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 13
Penilaian dan Peningkatan
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 14
Software Process
Software Process Assessment
is examined by identifies capabilitiesand risk of
identifiesmodifications to
Software Process Improvement
Capability Determination
leads to leads to
motivates
Proses Personal PL (PSP)
Rekomendasi 5 aktivitas framework : Perencanaan Desain level tinggi Review Desain level tinggi Pengembangan Postmortem
Penekanan pada kebutuhan software engineer untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan di awal waktu, dan memahami tipe-tipe kesalahan tersebut
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 15
Proses Tim PL (TSP)
Setiap proyek diluncurkan menggunakan sebuah script yang mendefinisikan tugas-tugas yang harus diselesaikan
Tim diarahkan secara mandiri Pengukuran dianjurkan Pengukuran dianailisis dengan
tujuan meningkatkan proses timThese courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software
Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 16
Tujuan Utama Proses PL : High Quality
These courseware materials are to be used in conjunction with Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6/e and are provided with permission by
R.S. Pressman & Associates, Inc., copyright © 1996, 2001, 2005 17
Ingat:Ingat:
High Quality = project timelinessHigh Quality = project timeliness
Kok Bisa ?Kok Bisa ?
Less rework!Less rework!