Rainwater management: Next Agricultural Revolution to Support climate change adaptation and livelihoods. By Tilahun Amede, Deborah Bossio, Bharat Sharma. Learning event number 9, Session , Room G. How can rainwater management help support food production and smallholder farmers’ ability to adapt to climate variability and change?
2. Challenge Program on Water and Food
Timeboundprogramofhighimpactresearch
UsewaterasanentrypointtoaddressRural Livelihoodsandagroecosystems;
Targetcomplexissuesofoverwhelmingglobal
and/orregionalsignificancerelatedtowater,climate andsystems;
Closelyworkwithpartnershipsamongawiderange ofinstitutions;
PartofCGIARinstitutionalreform
3. Dependence on Rainwater for Livelihoods 3
4. CC IMPACTS: RAINFED
AGRICULTUREDecreasingorvariablewateravailabilityBiodiversity,cropvariety,foragetypes;ChangingPestsandDiseasesDecliningcropandLivestockyieldExtremeevents,damagecropsandinfrastructureComplicatefarmoperationsandservices;Fluctuationsinfarmers
incomeImpactonnationaleconomy,with90%probability 4
5. MakeChoices: Scenariosto2050,withoutCC Today Without
productivity improvements CA Scenario Policies for productivity
gains, upgrading rainfed, revitalized irrigation, trade 5Based on
WaterSim analysis for the CA
6. Convert unproductive water to productive use for CC
adaptation High unproductive water losses = Lowsystemproductivity;
Kuhar Michael - all cropland Lenche Dima - all cropland 1800 3000
1600 2500 1400flo w s p er HH (m 3) f lo w s p e r H H ( m 3 ) 1200
2000 1000 livestock livestock 1500 800 crops crops 600 1000 400 500
200 0 0 ev aporation trans piration perc olation e v a p o r a tio
n tr a n s p ir a tio n p e r c o la tio n runoff r u n o ff deep
deep 6
11. Investinginwatershedmanagement
InvestinginIrrigationUpstreamdownstreamlinkages(irrigation) 2.5 320
World Bank lending for irrigation 280 2.0 Irrigated Area 240 200
1.5 160 1.0 Food price index 120 80 0.5 40 0 0 1960 1965 1970 1975
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Dependency effect? 2005 11
12. Reduce water loss for climate change adaptation Average %
loss Loss % loss/ Canal type N flow rate per (l/s/100m) 100m/30l/s
(l/s) 100m* Main canal 121 43.21a 2.58a 6.46a 4.49b Secondary canal
57 33.03b 1.59b 4.40b 4.00b Field canal 49 2.88c 0.39c 2.49c
25.94a
13. IncreasedStorageCapacityforCCadaptation;even
withoutexternalsupport Comparision of Per capita Storage Capacity
7000 6150 Per Capita Storage (m^3) 6000 4729 5000 4000 3255 3000
2486 2000 1287 1406 746 1000 4 43 0 Kenya Ethiopia South Thailand
Laos China Brazil Australia North Africa America Countries 13
14. Micro dose 8 7 6 0 0 0 F a rm C Tuber yield (t/ha) 5 0 4 0
3 0 4 3 2 1 0 2 4 2 1 Tuber yield (t/ha) 1 8 F a rm B 1 5 1 2 4 3
2Zai 1 8 0 0 7 0 Tuber yield (t/ha) 6 0 F a rm A 5 0 4 0 1 2 8 4 0
N N N N N N N N N 14 30 60 30 60 30 60 0 0 0 C o n tro l W ith o u
t Z a i W ith Z a i