Notes: Life processes and Homeostasis (pg 4)

Baby Girl!

Life processes1. Maintaining boundaries

a. Every cell is surrounded by a membraneb. The body is surrounded by skin

Life processes1. Maintaining boundaries

a. Every cell is surrounded by a membraneb. The body is surrounded by skin

2. Metabolism: Chemical reactions within body cellsa. Catabolism: Destructive. Food → Nutrientsb. Anabolism: Constructive. Nutrients →

Muscle

Life processes1. Boundaries2. Metabolism

a. Catabolism: Destructive. Food → Nutrientsb. Anabolism: Constructive. Nutrients →

Muscle3. Responsiveness (Irritability): Ability to respond to a

stimulus

Life processes1. Boundaries2. Metabolism

a. Catabolism: Destructive. Food → Nutrientsb. Anabolism: Constructive. Nutrients → Muscle

3. Responsiveness (Irritability): Ability to respond to a stimulus

4. Movement: Includes movement of the whole body (walking, running), parts of the body, and movement within the body (blood flowing through blood vessels, food through the digestive system, etc.)

Life processes1. Boundaries2. Metabolism3. Responsiveness (Irritability): Ability to respond to a

stimulus4. Movement: Includes movement of the whole body

(walking, running), parts of the body, and movement within the body (blood flowing through blood vessels, food through the digestive system, etc.)

5. Reproduction: a. Cellular level- for growth and repair and

replacement of old cells. b. Organism level-formation of a new

individual

Life processes6. Growth: Increase in size either through increased #

of cells or size of cells

Life processes6. Growth: Increase in size either through increased #

of cells or size of cells7. Differentiation: Unspecialized cells develop into

specialized cells with distinctive structural and functional characteristics

Life processes6. Growth: Increase in size either through increased #

of cells or size of cells7. Differentiation: Unspecialized cells develop into

specialized cells with distinctive structural and functional characteristics

8. Respiration:Cellular- breakdown of sugar into CO2 using O2

Organism- exchange of CO2 and O2 in lungs

Life processes6. Growth: Increase in size either through increased #

of cells or size of cells7. Differentiation: Unspecialized cells develop into

specialized cells with distinctive structural and functional characteristics

8. Respiration:Cellular- breakdown of sugar into CO2 using O2

Organism- exchange of CO2 and O2 in lungs

9. Digestion: Breaking down food into nutrients usable by the body

Life processes6. Growth: Increase in size either through increased #

of cells or size of cells7. Differentiation: Unspecialized cells develop into

specialized cells with distinctive structural and functional characteristics

8. Respiration:Cellular- breakdown of sugar into CO2 using O2

Organism- exchange of CO2 and O2

9. Digestion: Breaking down food into nutrients usable by the body

10. Excretion: Removal of non-usable waste and by-products of metabolism

Output (pg 5)

• Design an alien

Homeostasis (pg 4)

• Constant internal environment that must be maintained in the body

• Usually accomplished by negative feedback

Example: Thermostat

Body Temperature

Positive Feedback• Occurs when the output of a system

stimulates further increase in output• Does not maintain homeostasis