OC 2015: The Business Behind Microservices

The Business Behind MICRoservices: OrganisationAL, architectural and Operational Challenges

Daniel Bryant

@danielbryantuk | [email protected]

@OpenCredo | www.opencredo.com

Today – Microservices…

•  Awesome, but not for every organisaDon/project?

•  There is macro organisaDonal and people impact

•  Establish architectural/operaDonal foundaDons

•  Apply lightweight process to drive change

23/09/15 @danielbryantuk

Who Am I?

•  London Java Community Associate

•  Adopt OpenJDK and JSR

•  InfoQ Editor and DZone MVB


•  Principal Consultant at OpenCredo ü  Agile, CI/CD, DevOps ü  Microservices and cloud ü  Docker, Mesos and Kubernetes

1. Microservices are the new shiny...…


So, What is a Microservice?

“Loosely coupled service oriented architecture with bounded contexts”

Adrian Cockcroft

“Applications that fit in your head” James Lewis


Why Are Microservices Popular?

•  Enforcement of good architecture/design?

•  Lower barrier to entry – CogniDve overhead – Cost of experimentaDon/change

•  “…first post DevOps revoluDon architecture” – Neil Ford (thght.works/1j9btLx)


A Perfect (Industry) Storm

•  Pain points – Monolith issues – Complex enterprise middleware – Value stream challenges

•  DisrupDon by the Vanguard –  ‘DevOps’ and prevalence of APIs – Economics of cloud (containers) – Connected companies


So, are microservices always the best approach?


OrganisaDonal Design

•  Divided Companies –  TradiDonal ‘enterprise’ organisaDon –  Command and control, specialised, division of labour –  Predictable in stable environments

•  Connected Companies –  Startups and forward-‐thinkers – Autonomous, fractal, service-‐focused – AdapDve in uncertain environments


Is Your Business Ready?

•  Are we all aligned on the vision/goals?

•  Is ‘agile’ a dirty word?

•  Planning and delivery processes – McKinsey’s “Three Horizons” – Gartner’s “Bi-‐modal IT” – Simon Wardley “Pioneers, Sejlers, Townplanners”


Microservices for Speed(?)

skillsmajer.com/skillscasts/6143-‐microservices-‐for-‐speed 23/09/15 @danielbryantuk

Architectural/Design Skills

“If you can't build a [well-‐structured] monolith, what makes you think microservices are the answer?”

Simon Brown (bit.ly/1n7D0vp)


Architectural/Design Skills


OperaDonal Maturity


marDnfowler.com/bliki/MicroservicePrerequisites.html

On a Lighter Note

Microservices are a great approach… …given the correct goals, situaDon and desire for change


2. Conway was telling the truth... Deal with it!


How Do Commijees Invent?

“organizaCons which design systems ... are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communicaCon structures of these organizaCons”

-‐ Melvin Conway, 1968


Stereotypical Silos...

Dev QA Ops

Hand-‐off delays Hand-‐off delays

Slow feedback Slow feedback

Lack of cohesion, shared understanding and joint accountability

Front-‐end Database

Middleware 23/09/15 @danielbryantuk

The Results…

23/09/15 @danielbryantuk www.infoq.com/news/2015/06/too-‐big-‐to-‐fail

The Inverse Conway Maneuver

“The team structure dictates the architecture, which in turn dictates the team structure…”

Raffi Krikorian (bit.ly/1KzGYV0)


Cross-‐funcDonal Teams

•  SpoDfy (bit.ly/1C46ZKo) – Culture

•  Amazon (bit.ly/1F3Dgkm) – CommunicaDon

•  Gilt (gi.lt/1rgyWvO) – Strategic alignment


SpoDfy


3. All Technology problems are people problems


Business Strategy (@swardley style)

•  SituaDonal awareness, strategy, mapping – SituaDon Normal, Everything Must Change

•  One [project management] size does not fit all

– Agile vs Lean vs Six Sigma

•  Enabling innovaDon


Killer Performance Indicators

•  Shared goal sesng is key! – KPIs, OKR, CSF… WAT??

•  Create condiDons for success – OrganisaDonal structure – Orient, explore, exploit, transform – Plan, do, check, act


Architecture, Minus the Ivory Towers

•  Technical leadership (bit.ly/1EUwpLl)

•  CommunicaDon (bit.ly/1Ia3u8o)

•  Promote shared understanding

•  ‘Just enough’ up front design


Architect/Design for Replacement


James Lewis bit.ly/1Qy4g2d

Sam Newman bit.ly/1WijsUX

Microservices… Macro OperaDons

•  Microservice Prerequisites (bit.ly/1wIjY58) – Rapid provisioning – Basic monitoring – Rapid applicaDon deployment

•  In a nutshell… – Technical parts DevOps – CI/CD


In the Beginning…


…and in the Middle (and the ‘End’)


www.infoq.com/news/2015/06/too-‐big-‐to-‐fail

So, we’ve looked at the business, organisaDonal

structure, and people aspects…. …how do we actually implement this change?


4. Change management without Management double-speak


Change Management is EssenDal

•  Fair process – Engagement – ExplanaDon – ExpectaDon

•  Leading change – TransformaDon is a process – “Change is coming to IT” (bit.ly/1QZovXr) – Communicate, empower, plan, consolidate


A Look into My Toolbox

•  (Over-‐)communicate vision –  Engage, explain, expectaDons (Dmescale + KPIs)

•  FoundaDon workshops –  Empower and support champions

•  Show by doing (and teaching)

•  Take the team pulse regularly…


A Look into My Toolbox


A Look into My Toolbox •  MoSCoW

•  RASCI –  Responsible – Accountable –  Support –  Collaborate –  Informed

•  RAG status


Leadership – Oxen Undervalued

“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things”

-‐  Peter Drucker


In summary…


The Business Behind Microservices

•  Ask ‘can we benefit from microservices’? –  TransformaDon is a process

•  Agile, Design Skills, CI/CD, DevOps prerequisites

•  Cross-‐funcDonal goal-‐oriented teams FTW

•  Lightweight change management processes help


THANKS... QUESTIONS?

@danielbryantuk

[email protected]

www.opencredo.com/blog ‘Microservices Weekly’ (eepurl.com/bz5t4P)

www.parleys.com/author/daniel-‐bryant www.infoq.com/author/Daniel-‐Bryant


My Other Resources •  My arDcles:

–  hjps://www.voxxed.com/blog/2015/01/understanding-‐the-‐business-‐behind-‐microservices-‐recommended-‐reading-‐part-‐one/

–  hjp://java.dzone.com/arDcles/introducing-‐dzone-‐guide-‐cloud (Cloud DHARMA guidelines) –  hjp://www.dzone.com/research/guide-‐to-‐enterprise-‐integraDon (Enterprise MSA & DecomposiDon)

•  Videos I menDoned: –  hjps://www.parleys.com/tutorial/thinking-‐fast-‐slow-‐soxware-‐development –  hjps://skillsmajer.com/skillscasts/5938-‐developing-‐java-‐services-‐for-‐the-‐cloud –  hjps://www.parleys.com/tutorial/moving-‐devops-‐mode-‐easy-‐hard-‐just-‐plain-‐terrifying

•  My InfoQ news (Cloud, microservices, and container tech) –  hjp://www.infoq.com/author/Daniel-‐Bryant

•  Other books –  hjp://www.amazon.co.uk/Working-‐EffecDvely-‐Legacy-‐Robert-‐MarDn/dp/0131177052 –  hjp://www.amazon.co.uk/ImplemenDng-‐Domain-‐Driven-‐Design-‐Vaughn-‐Vernon/dp/0321834577
