POWER POINT PRESENTATIONON

SUMMER TRAININGTAKEN AT

RELIANCE COMMUNICATIONS LTDMCN, VKIA, JAIPUR

Submitted to : Submitted By :Mr. Alok Kumar Priyanshu SharmaMs. Suman Godara (PGI/EC/12/072)PTS Co-ordinator (ECE-B) ECE-B

FOUNDER OF RELIANCE COMMUNICATION

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Reliance Communications Limited founded by the late Shri. Dhirubhai H Ambani (1932-2002) is the flagship company of the Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group. Shri Anil D. Ambani – Chairman.

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1. Company Profile2. Departments Overview3. Media Overview4. Wireless Communication5. GSM Technology6. CDMA Technology 7. Internet Generation8. Conclusion9. Thank you10.Questions & Answers

PRESENTATION OUTLINESPRESENTATION OUTLINES

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COMPANY PROFILEType : Public (BSE: RCOM)Founded : 2004

Headquarters : Navi Mumbai, IndiaKey people : Anil Ambani, Chairman and Managing Director Industry : TelecommunicationsProducts : CDMA service, GSM service, Broadband Internet ServiceRevenue : US$ 4 Billion[2]

Employees : 33,000Website : www.rcom.com

MEDIA OVERVIEW

OFC MUX MICROWAVE SATELLITE

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WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS No physical connectivity is required.

communication is done through Radio Links (E.M Waves) and repeaters (CELL SITES) are placed in between per entities for efficient communication.

2 TYPES OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY

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GSM TECHNOLOGY

Global System for Mobile Communication Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second generation

cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation.

GSM SPECIFICATION GSM 900 Mobile to BTS (uplink): 890-915 MHz BTS to Mobile(downlink): 935-960 MHz Bandwidth : 2* 25 MHz

GSM 1800

Mobile to BTS (uplink): 1710-1785 MHz BTS to Mobile(downlink): 1805-1880 MHz Bandwidth : 2* 75 MHz

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GSM ARCHITECTURE

MOBILE STATION (MS)The Mobile Station consists of the Mobile Equipment (ME) and the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). Mobile Equipment(ME)•Portable hand held device •Uniquely identified by an IMEI Voice and data transmission •Monitoring power and signal quality of surrounding cells for optimum handover.

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)•Smart card contains IMSI•Allows user to send and receive calls.•Encoded network identification detail Key Ki,Kc and A3,A5 and A8 algorithms•Protected by a password or PIN•Can be moved from phone to phone

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BASE STATION SUB-SYSTEM ( BSS ) : All radio related functions are performed in the BSS. Consists of Base station Controller(BSC) and Base

Station(BS). BSC – Cotrol functions and physical links between the

mobiles and BS. BS – Handles the radio interface to the mobile station.

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BASE TRANSCEIVER STATION (BTS) Maintains air interface and minimize transmission problems. Paging information. Radio level power control. BTS identification. Ciphering Speech processing.

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BASE STATION CONTROLLER (BSC) It is connected to MSC. Controls one or more BTS. Switches traffic and signaling to/from BTSs and MSC. Connects terrestrial circuits and channels on air interface. Controls handover performed by BTS. Frequency allocation and power control.

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MAIN SWITCHING CENTER

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Heart of the Network Manages communication between GSM and other networks Billing information and collection Mobility management Registration Location updating Inter BSS and inter MSC call handoff

HOME LOCATION REGISTERS (HLR)-permanent database about mobile subscribers in a large service area (generally one per GSM network operator) -database contains IMSI,MSISDN, prepaid/postpaid, roaming restrictions, supplementary services.

VISITOR LOCATION REGISTERS (VLR)-Temporary database which updates whenever new MS enters its area, by HLR database-Controls those mobiles roaming in its area -Reduces number of queries to HLR -Mobile status(busy/free/no ans)

-Location area identity(LAI), TMSI AND MSRN .

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ADVANTAGES OF GSMf GSM Better Quality of speech Data transmission is supported International Roaming possible Large market Crisper, cleaner quieter calls Increased Capacity Subscriber Identification Improved Security and Confidentiality

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DISADVANTAGES OF GSM Dropped and missed calls

Less Efficiency

Security Issues

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APPLICATIONS OF GSM Mobile telephony GSM-R Telemetry System

- Fleet management - Automatic meter reading - Toll Collection - Remote control and fault reporting of DG sets

Value Added Services

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CDMA TECHNOLOGY

Code Division Multiple Access

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CDMA Channel or CDMA Carrier or CDMA Frequency Duplex channel made of two 1.25 MHz-wide bands of electromagnetic

spectrum, one for Base Station to Mobile Station (DOWNLINK) and another for Mobile Station to Base Station (UPLINK).

In 800 Cellular these two simplex 1.25 MHz bands are 45 MHz apart In 1900 MHz PCS they are 80 MHz apart

CDMA Forward & Reverse Channel 1.25 MHz Forward / Reverse Link

CDMA Code Channel Each individual stream of 0’s and 1’s contained in either the CDMA

Forward Channel or in the CDMA Reverse Channel Code Channels are characterized (made unique) by mathematical

codes Code channels in the forward link: Pilot, Sync, Paging and Forward

Traffic channels Code channels in the reverse link: Access and Reverse Traffic

channels

Multiple Access Schemes

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FrequencyTime

Power

FrequencyTime

Power

FrequencyTime

Power

FDMA

TDMA

CDMA

FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access– Each user on a different frequency– A channel is a frequency

TDMA Time Division Multiple Access– Each user on a different window period in time (“time slot”)– A channel is a specific time slot on a – specific frequency

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access– A channel is a unique code pattern– Each user uses the same frequency all the time, but mixed with different– distinguishing code patterns

ADVANTAGES OF CDMA Spread Spectrum High quality voice Coverage Soft Handoff Because Of Same Carrier Frequency Increased Efficiency, Meaning That The Carrier Can Serve More

Subscriber. Smaller Phones. Low Power Requirements And Little Cell-to-Cell

Coordination Needed By Operators. Extended Reach - Beneficial To Rural Users Situated Far From

Cells.

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DISADVANTAGES OF CDMANear far problem.CDMA is relatively low, and the network is not as mature

as GSM. CDMA can not offer international roaming, a large GSM

advantage. Handsets are more sensitive to handling & costlier.Switching to different services is almost not possible.Service providers are few in number.

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INTERNET GENERATION

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FIRST GENERATION

1G first generation of wireless telephone technology, first introduced in 1980s and completed in early 1990s.

It's Speed was upto 2.4kbps.

It allows the voice calls in 1 country.

1G network use Analog Signal.

Poor Voice Quality

Poor Battery Life

Large Phone Size

No Security

Limited Capacity

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2nd GENERATION

2G technology refers to the 2nd generation which is based on GSM. It was launched in Finland in the year 1991. 2G network use digital signals. It’s data speed was upto 64kbps. It enables services such as text messages, picture messages and MMS. It provides better quality and capacity . 2.5G is a technology between the second (2G) and third (3G) generation. 2.5G is sometimes described as 2G Cellular Technology combined with GPRS. Phone Calls, Send/Receive E-mail Messages,Web Browsing Speed : 64-144 kbps Camera Phones Take a time of 6-9 mins. to download a 3 mins. Mp3 song

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3rd GENERATION

3G technology refer to third generation which was introduced in year 2000s. Data Transmission speed increased from 144kbps- 2Mbps. Typically called Smart Phones and features increased its bandwidth and data transfer

rates to accommodate, web-based applications and audio and video files. Providing Faster Communication

Send/Receive Large Email Messages High Speed Web / More Security Video Conferencing / 3D Gaming TV Streaming/ Mobile TV/ Phone Calls Large Capacities and Broadband Capabilities 11 sec – 1.5 min. time to download a 3 min Mp3 song. High Bandwidth Requirement, Expensive 3G Phones, Large Cell Phones

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4th GENERATION

4G technology refer to or short name of fourth Generation which was started from late 2000s. Capable of providing 100Mbps – 1Gbps speed. One of the basic term used to describe 4G is MAGIC.

MAGIC: Mobile MultimediaAnytime AnywhereGlobal Mobility SupportIntegrated Wireless SolutionCustomized Personal Services

Also known as Mobile Broadband Everywhere. High QOS and High Security

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5TH GENERATION 5G technology refer to short name of fifth Generation which was started from late 2010s. Complete wireless communication with almost no limitations. It is highly supportable to WWWW (Wireless World Wide Web). High Speed, High Capacity 5G technology providing large broadcasting of data in Gbps . Multi - Media Newspapers, watch T.V programs with the clarity as to that of an HD Quality. Faster data transmission that of the previous generations. Large Phone Memory, Dialing Speed,clarity in Audio/Video. Support interactive multimedia , voice, streaming video, Internet and other 5G is More Effective and More Attractive.

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Transmission RF & Switch Data Equipment's Equipment's Equipment's

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Queries….???

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