rails3 @ rsonrails - 2010.08.21

Carlos Antonio @cantoniodasilvablog.plataformatec.com.br

Rails 3

Sunday, November 6, 11

http://blog.plataformatec.com



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Rails 3





Quem sou eu?

• Carlos Antonio da Silva

•Desenvolvedor Ruby e Rails há mais de 2 anos

• Engenheiro da Plataforma Tecnologia a 1 ano




Carlos Antonio @cantoniodasilvablog.plataformatec.com.brSunday, November 6, 11




Desenvolvimento deaplicações em Rails

ConsultoriaCoaching em Rails e Agile





Rails 3





Como tudo começou?





Como tudo começou?





Como tudo começou?





Como tudo começou?





Como tudo começou?





Como tudo começou?





Vantagens do Rails 3






Performance






Performance

Modularidade






Performance

Modularidade

Agnosticismo





Arquitetura

ActionDispatch

ActiveSupport

Rails





Arquitetura

ActionDispatch

ActiveSupport

Rails

Todo o resto são Railties!





Arquitetura

ActionDispatch

ActiveSupport

Rails

Todo o resto são Railties!

ActiveRecord

ActionMailer

ActionController

ActionView

outros...





Como o Rails 3 muda o modo como

desenvolvemos?





rails commandRails 2.3 Rails 3

rails blog rails new blog





rails command

ruby script/serverruby script/consoleruby script/generateruby script/dbconsole

rails consolerails generaterails dbconsole

rails server

Rails 2.3 Rails 3





rails command

rails serverrails consolerails generaterails dbconsole

rails crails grails db

rails s

Rails 3 Shortcuts!





blog/config.ru

require ::File.expand_path('../config/environment', __FILE__)run Blog::Application





blog/config.ru

require ::File.expand_path('../config/environment', __FILE__)run Blog::Application





blog/config/application.rbrequire File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)require 'rails/all'

Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler)

module Blog class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] endend








uma Rack App!





O que é uma Rack App?





O que é uma Rack App?

Qualquer objeto que responde ao método call, retornando um array com três parâmetros: o response status, os headers e o body, que por

sua vez deve responder ao método each.

Rack App!lambda { |env| [ 200, {“Content-Type” => “plain/text”}, ["Hello!"] ] }








uma Rack App!












blog/config/boot.rbrequire 'rubygems'

# Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.gemfile = File.expand_path('../../Gemfile', __FILE__)begin ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile require 'bundler' Bundler.setuprescue Bundler::GemNotFound => e STDERR.puts e.message STDERR.puts "Try running `bundle install`." exit!end if File.exist?(gemfile)





blog/config/boot.rbrequire 'rubygems'

# Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.gemfile = File.expand_path('../../Gemfile', __FILE__)begin ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile require 'bundler' Bundler.setuprescue Bundler::GemNotFound => e STDERR.puts e.message STDERR.puts "Try running `bundle install`." exit!end if File.exist?(gemfile)





BundlerRouterActionMailerActiveModelActiveRecordRespondersUnobtrusive JavascriptXSS Protection




Carlos Antonio @cantoniodasilvablog.plataformatec.com.brSunday, November 6, 11




Biblioteca para gerenciamento de dependências





rsrails$ gem dependency actionpack -v="2.3.5"Gem actionpack-2.3.5 activesupport (= 2.3.5, runtime) rack (~> 1.0.0, runtime)

rsrails$ gem dependency thinGem thin-1.2.7 daemons (>= 1.0.9, runtime) eventmachine (>= 0.12.6, runtime) rack (>= 1.0.0, runtime)

RubygemsResolução de dependências





rsrails$ gem dependency actionpack -v="2.3.5"Gem actionpack-2.3.5 activesupport (= 2.3.5, runtime) rack (~> 1.0.0, runtime)

rsrails$ gem dependency thinGem thin-1.2.7 daemons (>= 1.0.9, runtime) eventmachine (>= 0.12.6, runtime) rack (>= 1.0.0, runtime)







require "rubygems"require "thin"gem "actionpack", "2.3.5"

Gems instaladas do rack: * rack (1.0.1) * rack (1.1.0)







BOOM!!!








can't activate rack (~> 1.0.0, runtime) for ["actionpack-2.3.5"], already activated rack-1.1.0 for

["thin-1.2.7"] (Gem::LoadError)
























Bundler : Gemfile# Gemfilegem "thin"gem "actionpack", "2.3.5"






rsrails$ bundle listGems included by the bundle: * actionpack (2.3.5) * activesupport (2.3.5) * daemons (1.0.10) * eventmachine (0.12.10) * rack (1.0.1) * thin (1.2.7)






rsrails$ bundle listGems included by the bundle: * actionpack (2.3.5) * activesupport (2.3.5) * daemons (1.0.10) * eventmachine (0.12.10) * rack (1.0.1) * thin (1.2.7)





Rubygems

$LOAD_PATH





rsrails$ gem list*** LOCAL GEMS ***

bundler (0.9.25)rake (0.8.7, 0.8.5)rdoc (2.5.8)thor (0.13.6)

} Filesystem







} Filesystem

# Rubygemsgem “rake”, “0.8.5” } Gemfile







} Filesystem

# Rubygemsgem “rake”, “0.8.5” } Gemfile


} $LOAD_PATH





Bundler

Lock no $LOAD_PATH





Esqueci de colocar no config.gem!





Esqueci de colocar no config.gem!







} Filesystem







} Filesystem

# Gemfile - Bundlergem “rake”, “0.8.5” } Gemfile







} Filesystem

# Gemfile - Bundlergem “rake”, “0.8.5” } Gemfile

rake-0.8.5 } $LOAD_PATH





rsrails$ gem listrake (0.8.7, 0.8.5)thor (0.13.6)





# Gemfilegem "rake"






# Gemfilegem "rake"

# test_load_path_lock.rbrequire "rubygems"require "bundler"Bundler.setuprequire "rake"require "thor"






# Gemfilegem "rake"



Lock no $LOAD_PATH





# Gemfilegem "rake"



rsrails$ ruby test_load_path_lock.rb test_load_path_lock.rb:6:in `require': no such file to load -- thor (LoadError) from test_load_path_lock.rb:6

Lock no $LOAD_PATH





# Gemfilegem "rake"



rsrails$ ruby test_load_path_lock.rb test_load_path_lock.rb:6:in `require': no such file to load -- thor (LoadError) from test_load_path_lock.rb:6

Lock no $LOAD_PATH





Packaging SystemOMG!










Nova API

Router





Rotas rootRails 2.3

Rails 3

map.root :controller => "welcome"

root :to => "welcome#index"





Rotas comunsRails 2.3

Rails 3

map.connect "products/:id", :controller=> "catalog", :action => "view"

match 'products/:id' => 'catalog#view'





Rotas nomeadasRails 2.3

Rails 3

map.purchase "products/:id/purchase", :controller => "catalog", :action => "purchase"

match "products/:id/purchase" => 'catalog#purchase', :as => :purchase





Resources com member e collection

Rails 2.3

Rails 3

map.resources :products, :member => { :short => :get, :toggle => :post }, :collection => { :sold => :get }

resources :products do member do get :short post :toggle end

get :sold, :on => :collectionend





Router e Rack FTW!





Router e Rack FTW!





Router e Rack FTW!

match "posts/:echo", :to => "posts#show"





Router e Rack FTW!


match "posts/:echo", :to => PostsController.action(:show)

Rack App!





Router e Rack FTW!



match "/posts/:echo" => redirect("/foo/%{echo}")

Rack App!





Router e Rack FTW!



match "posts/:echo" => lambda { |env| [ 200, {“Content-Type” => “plain/text”}, ["Echo!"] ] }


Rack App!





Router e Rack FTW!



match "posts/:echo" => MySinatraBlog

match "posts/:echo" => lambda { |env| [ 200, {“Content-Type” => “plain/text”}, ["Echo!"] ] }


Rack App!





100% compatível com Rack

OMG!










ActionMailer

rsrails$ ls -lp app/ controllers/ helpers/ mailers/ models/ views/

rsrails$ rails g mailer Notifier signup_notification create app/mailers/notifier.rb invoke erb create app/views/notifier create app/views/notifier/signup_notification.text.erb invoke test_unit create test/functional/notifier_test.rb





ActionMailer

rsrails$ ls -lp app/ controllers/ helpers/ mailers/ models/ views/

rsrails$ rails g mailer Notifier signup_notification create app/mailers/notifier.rb invoke erb create app/views/notifier create app/views/notifier/signup_notification.text.erb invoke test_unit create test/functional/notifier_test.rb

mailers com diretório próprio





ActionMailer

Nova API





TMail





TMail

Mail





class Notifier < ActionMailer::Base default :from => "[email protected]" def signup_notification(recipient) @account = recipient attachments['image.jpg'] = File.read("image.jpg") mail(:to => recipient.email) do |format| format.html format.text end endend

ActionMailer nova API







Defaults






Variáveisde

instância


Defaults






Variáveisde

instância Attachments tipo cookies


Defaults






Variáveisde

instância Attachments tipo cookies

mail tipo respond_to do |format|


Defaults





ActionMailer ::Base ActionController ::Base

ActionController ::Metal

AbstractController ::Base





Menos coisas para lembrar

OMG!










ActiveModel





• Google Summer of Code 2009:

ActiveModel






• Extrair a lógica comum entre ActiveRecord e ActiveResource

ActiveModel







• Hoje

ActiveModel







• Hoje

•Desempenha papel no agnosticismo de ORM

ActiveModel







• Hoje

•Desempenha papel no agnosticismo de ORM

• Permite a criação de models à la ActiveRecord

ActiveModel





ActiveResource::Base + ActiveModel

module ActiveResource ... class Base extend ActiveModel::Naming include CustomMethods, Observing, Validations include ActiveModel::Conversion include ActiveModel::Serializers::JSON include ActiveModel::Serializers::Xml endend





ActiveRecord::Base + ActiveModel

Base.class_eval do ... extend ActiveModel::Naming ... include ActiveModel::Conversion include Validations ... include ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity include Callbacks, ActiveModel::Observing, Timestamp endend





MyApp + ActiveModel

class Person include ActiveModel::Validations attr_accessor :name, :age validates_presence_of :name, :ageend

>> p = Person.new=> #<Person:0x102623588>>> p.valid?=> false>> p.errors.full_messages=> ["Name can't be blank", "Age can't be blank"]





Agnosticismo de ORM





ActiveModel Rails::Railtie

Agnosticismo de ORM

Agnosticismo de ORM






Agnosticismo de ORM

Agnosticismo de ORM

Provê uma API para que o ActionPack possa conversar com o

ORM






Agnosticismo de ORM

Agnosticismo de ORM

Integração do ORM com o RailsProvê uma API para que o ActionPack possa conversar com o

ORM





Callbacks

Serialization

Validations

Data Mapper MongoDBActiveRecord MeuModel

ActiveModel





ActiveModel::Lint::Tests





module ActiveModel module Lint module Tests

def test_to_key; end def test_to_param; end def test_valid?; end def test_persisted?; end def test_model_naming; end def test_errors_aref; end def test_errors_full_messages; end

end endend





ActiveRecord-like

http://github.com/plataformatec/mail_form

Ótimo exemplo de uso do ActiveModel







Menos hacks! Reusabilidade

OMG!










Nova API

selectwhereorderlimitoffsetfrom

joinsincludesgrouphavinglockreadonly





Nova API

Post.find(:all, :order => "published_at desc", :limit => 10)

Rails 2.3

Rails 3

Post.order("published_at desc").limit(10)





Nova APIRails 2.3

Rails 3

Post.all(:conditions => ["published_at <= ?", Time.now], :include => :comments)

Post.where("published_at <= ?", Time.now).includes(:comments)





Lazy loading

Job.find(:all, :conditions => {:published => true})

Job.where(:published => true)

Faz um query no DB imediatamente e retorna um array de Jobs

Não faz query no DB, retorna um ActiveRecord::Relation

Rails 2.3

Rails 3





Lazy loading# app/controllers/jobs_controller.rbclass JobsController < ApplicationController def index @jobs = Jobs.where(:published => true).order("created_at DESC") endend

# app/views/jobs/index.html.erb<% cache do %> <% @jobs.each do |job| %> ... <% end %><% end %>







Não realiza query no DB







Só aqui que será feito a query no DB








Só aqui que será feito a query no DB


Se estiver cacheado, a query não é disparada!





Chainability: it “quacks” like named_scope

cars = Car.where(:colour => 'black')black_fancy_cars = cars.order('cars.price DESC').limit(10)black_cheap_cart = cars.order('cars.price ASC').limit(10)







ActiveRecord::Relation







ActiveRecord::Relation

Reaproveitar uma Relation e encadear mais finders





Falando em named_scope...

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :comments

scope :published, where('posts.published_at is not null') scope :recent, published.order("posts.published_at desc").limit(10)end

class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :post

scope :from_published_posts, joins(:post) & Post.publishedend





































DRY





Mas e sobre o ARel que tanto se fala?





ARel == Relational Algebra

ARel != ActiveRecord::Relation





Código mais limpoOMG!










def index @users = User.all respond_to do |format| format.html # index.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @users } endend

Rails 2.3





def index @users = User.all respond_to do |format| format.html # index.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @users } endend

Rails 2.3





Rails 3.0

respond_to :html, :xml

def index @users = User.all respond_with(@users)end





Rails 3.0

respond_to :html, :xml

def index @users = User.all respond_with(@users)end





3 variáveis

Formato do request

Verbo HTTP

Status do recurso





def create @user = User.new(params[:user]) respond_to do |format| if @user.save format.html { redirect_to @user, :notice => 'User was successfully created' } format.xml { render :xml => @user, :status => :created, :location => @user } else format.html { render :action => "new" } format.xml { render :xml => @user.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end endend

Rails 2.3





Rails 3.0

def create @user = User.new(params[:user]) flash[:notice] = 'User was successfully created' if @user.save respond_with(@user)end





respond_with(@users)

ActionController ::Responder

Formato do request

Verbo HTTP

Status do recurso





respond_with(@users)

ActionController ::Responder

to_code

Formato do request

Verbo HTTP

Status do recurso





Responders Customizados





github.com/plataformatec/responders






FlashResponder: seta o flash baseado no controller, na action e no status do recurso







HttpCacheResponder: adiciona o cabeçalho HTTP Last-Modified para requests de API







HttpCacheResponder: adiciona o cabeçalho HTTP Last-Modified para requests de API

CollectionResponder: altera o redirecionamento para a action :index ao criar/atualizar um recurso





DRYOMG!










remote_form_for(@post)

Unobtrusive Javascript: Rails 2.3

link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?',:method => :delete







<form action="/posts" class="new_post" id="new_post" method="post" onsubmit="new Ajax.Request('/posts', {asynchronous:true, evalScripts:true, parameters:Form.serialize(this)}); return false;">

link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?',:method => :delete







<form action="/posts" class="new_post" id="new_post" method="post" onsubmit="new Ajax.Request('/posts', {asynchronous:true, evalScripts:true, parameters:Form.serialize(this)}); return false;">

link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?',:method => :delete<a href="/posts/1" onclick="if (confirm('Are you sure?')) { var f = document.createElement('form'); f.style.display = 'none'; this.parentNode.appendChild(f); f.method = 'POST'; f.action = this.href;var m = document.createElement('input'); m.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); m.setAttribute('name', '_method'); m.setAttribute('value', 'delete'); f.appendChild(m);var s = document.createElement('input'); s.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); s.setAttribute('name', 'authenticity_token'); s.setAttribute('value', 'LM2fEF6HuRWdYUZdEumWlemhI6iDPH97pqWhO4jEpiU='); f.appendChild(s);f.submit(); };return false;">Destroy</a>





Unobtrusive Javascript: Rails 3

form_for(@posts, :remote => true)

<form action="/posts" class="new_post" data-remote="true" id="new_post" method="post">






form_for(@posts, :remote => true)

<form action="/posts" class="new_post" data-remote="true" id="new_post" method="post">






link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete

<a href="/posts/1" data-confirm="Are you sure?" data-method="delete" rel="nofollow">Destroy</a>






link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete

<a href="/posts/1" data-confirm="Are you sure?" data-method="delete" rel="nofollow">Destroy</a>





JS para todos os gostos

• Prototype: default

• jQuery: http://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs

•MooTools: http://mootools.net/forge/p/rails_3_driver

• Você pode fazer o seu!




http://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs

http://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs

http://mootools.net/forge/p/rails_3_driver

http://mootools.net/forge/p/rails_3_driver


Javascript no Rails 3





HTML 5 custom data attributes JS driver para cada framework

Agnosticismo de Javascript

Javascript no Rails 3





• link_to_remote • observe_field • form_remote_tag • submit_to_remote • periodically_call_remote• remote_form_for• observe_form• button_to_remote

Helpers Deprecados no Rails 3

http://github.com/rails/prototype_legacy_helper







Agnosticismo + HTML 5

OMG! JQUERY!










XSS protection

<%= @job.title %> <%= h @job.title %>

Rails 2.3: unsafe por default

safeunsafe

<%= @job.title %> <%= raw @job.title %>

Rails 3: safe por default

safe unsafe





XSS protection



safeunsafe



safe unsafe





XSS protection



safeunsafe



safe unsafe





Helpers que retornam HTML

module ApplicationHelper def strong(content) "<strong>#{h content}</strong>".html_safe endend







Dicas:1. Certificar-se de que todo input está sendo escapado







Dicas:1. Certificar-se de que todo input está sendo escapado2. Chamar html_safe no output





SegurançaOMG!










Agora... como eu começo a usar tudo isso que está

disponível no Rails 3?





Para começar

rsrails$ gem install rails --pre

...Successfully installed rails-3.0.0.rc23 gems installed

rsrails$ rails -vRails 3.0.0.rc





Para atualizar





Para atualizar

• rails upgrade plugin:

• http://github.com/rails/rails_upgrade




http://github.com/rails/rails_upgrade



Para atualizar



• rails upgrade handbook:

• http://www.railsupgradehandbook.com/






http://www.railsupgradehandbook.com/



Para atualizar



• rails upgrade handbook:

• http://www.railsupgradehandbook.com/

• screencasts “Upgrading to Rails 3”:

• http://railscasts.com/, Episódios #225, #226 e #227








http://railscasts.com/

http://railscasts.com/


http://github.com/plataformatec

Tem muito mais aqui!?!









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Tem muito mais aqui!?!








Technology

rails3 @ rsonrails - 2010.08.21