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A Renewable World: The Future Ahead Of Us A Senior Project by Alejandro Sauter Forseck

Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

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A senior project about renewable energy sources. It covers points such as how to install and maintain solar systems (both photovoltaic and water heating), modifying a car to run on biofuel, a personal project to build a solar powered RC car, and a personal project to model a virtual city which is green.Provides a contact sheet of companies that may aid consumers in acquiring and installing said systems (Mexico mainly)The sources are all citedPresentation applies largely to Mexico, but is easily extrapolated to other countries (except contact sheet)

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Page 1: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

A Renewable World: The Future Ahead Of Us

A Senior Project by Alejandro Sauter Forseck

Page 2: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

• Part 1 – Reducing Your Carbon Footprint

• Part 2 – Contact Sheet• Part 3 – Solar Powered RC Car

• Part 4 – Virtual City Model

Index

Page 3: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Reducing Your Carbon Footprint

Alejandro Sauter

Page 4: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

What is a carbon footprint?

• Carbon footprint: a measure of the impact our activities on the environment– It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases

produced in our day-to-day lives

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Primary Carbon Footprint

• The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels including domestic energy consumption and transportation– We control this

footprint directly

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Secondary Carbon Footprint

• The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use – Associated with their

manufacture and eventual breakdown

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Addressing Your Primary Carbon Footprint

• Besides regular measures, there are two main segments to address:– Transportation– Household

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The Household Carbon Footprint

– Thermoelectric 23,121.17 mW (45.2%)– Carbon 2,600 mW (5.1%)– Thermoelectric (Independent Producers)

11,906.90 (23.3%)

– Remaining % is hydroelectric, nuclear, eolic, and geothermic (cleaner energy sources)

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Reducing The Household Carbon Footprint

• Two ways– Water-heating solar panels– Photovoltaic panels

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Installation

• Water-heating solar panels– simple and cost-friendly– mainly requires plumbing/tubing

Page 11: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Maintenance

• Water-heating solar panels– durable, almost no maintenance– 5 to 10 year warranty

– check tubing every year, revisions every 3-5 years

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Costs

• Water-heating solar panels– varies, depending on system type and

capacity– 5,500 to 7,500 USD

– reduce bills and emissions significantly

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Carbon Footprint Reduction

• Water-heating solar panels– 230kgCO2/year when replacing gas and

510kgCO2/year when replacing electric immersion heating

Page 14: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Installation

• Photovoltaic solar panels– connection to fuse box– batteries, controller, inverter

– monitor – CFE back-up

Page 15: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Maintenance

• Photovoltaic solar panels– equalize every 6

months – 1 year (refresh water in batteries)

– clean solar panels (dust)

– change batteries every 5-10 yrs

– change solar panels every 15-20 yrs

Page 16: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Costs

• Photovoltaic solar panels– 1,000 USD/panel– 380 USD/battery– 800 USD/controller– 3,000 USD/invertor– 165 USD/switch box PV– 450 USD/switch box

AC/DC– 800 USD/monitor install– 2,500-3,000 USD/materials

& installment

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Carbon Footprint Reduction

• CFE energy production percentages/kW

• Your usual kW consumption daily

• Emissions per each kW of each energy source=total

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Reducing The Transportational Carbon Footprint

• Traditional ways– Carpool– Smaller cars– Conservative driving

style

• Direct investment– Hybrid cars– Biofuels– Diesel cars

(transitional)

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Installation

• Biofuel cars• *Some cars (i.e. Jeep)

are already FlexFuel (take a percentage of biofuel ~ usually 85%)– Spark plug

(Iridium/Platinum)– ECU (Engine Control Unit)

• 2 to 4 cylinders• 5 to 6 cylinders• 8 cylinders

Page 20: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Maintenance

• Biofuel cars– Normal car

maintenance– 2-3 years

check/replace fuel lines (if made of plastic components)

– Change spark plugs every 160,000 km

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Costs

• Biofuel car– Pulsar spark plug (Platinum/Iridium)

• 219/249 pesos

– 2-4 cylinder ECU• 6,500 pesos

– 5-6 cylinder ECU• 7,600 pesos

– 8 cylinder ECU• 8,600 pesos

Page 22: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Carbon Footprint Reduction

• Biofuel cars– 70-80% less emissions

than normal cars• 58 lbs of hydrocarbons• 431 lbs of carbon

monoxide• 29 lbs of nitrogen

oxides• 8,600 lbs of carbon

dioxide

– Up to 70% savings on fuel costs

Page 23: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

The Future?

• Hydrogen used in cars– FCX Clarity

Hydrogen fuel cells, electric engine

– BMW Hydrogen 7 Uses hydrogen in a combustion engine

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Sources• Slide 4,5,6 carbon footprint http://

www.carbonfootprint.com/carbonfootprint.html • Slide 8 CFE production

http://www.cfe.gob.mx/QuienesSomos/estadisticas/Paginas/Indicadoresdegeneraci%C3%B3n.aspx

• Slide 10,11,12,13 water heating solar panels http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Generate-your-own-energy/Solar-water-heating

• Slide 14,15,16,17 first-hand experience, outback manuals• Slide 18,19,20,21,22 www.fuelflexmexico.com.mx • Slide 22 http://www.epa.gov/oms/consumer/f00013.htm • Slide 23 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_Hydrogen_7

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCX_Clarity

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Index

Page 26: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Contact Sheet

• Photovoltaic Solar Panels– http://www.erdmsolar.com/ – http://www.solartec.mx/

• Water-Heating Solar Panels– http://www.iluminacionsolar.com.mx/ – http://www.genersys-solar.com.mx/

• Biofuel Mods– http://fuelflexmexico.com.mx/ – FlexFuel Car List (2010)

http://www.autobytel.com/green-cars/list-of-2010-flex-fuel-vehicles-104919/

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Index

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Solar Powered RC Car

• Opening car bottom• Connecting solar

panel cables with capacitor, capacitor to battery port

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Solar Powered RC Car

• Insert battery and close battery port (solar panel capacitor battery car) , now the solar panel charges the battery which powers the car

• Mount solar panel

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Solar Powered RC Car

• Mount capacitor and cables so car may run

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Solar Powered RC Car (setbacks)

• Battery (old, didn’t deliver enough power, didn’t hold much charge)– Reduce weight (take

down car, build it again)

– Mount 2 solar panels to charge battery faster

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Index

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Virtual City Model

• Based on Montreal terrain• Specs

– 1,747,807 MW-h annual usage 90% solar, 10% wind

– Population: 668,620 – Life expectancy – 89 years– Unemployment – 5%– 794,981 tons of waste produced

• 45% recycled• 25% burned in waste to energy incinerators• 20% normal incinerators• 10% landfills

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Index

Page 43: Reducing your carbon footprint (Senior Project - Mexico)

Thank You!

• Sources listed in respective parts

• Special thanks to– Maxis SC3000 program for city

– Tim Kabeary Interview/providing info on systems and guidance

– Friends and family who provided support!