Yao-Min (Frank) FangGeographic Information Systems Research Center Feng Chia UniversityTaiwan

www.gis.tw

Sensor Web Enablement for Debris Flow Monitoring System in Taiwan

OGC ComplianceTesting Center

Monitoring Stations

Debris Flow Monitoring Station×18Landslide Monitoring Station×3Sediment Concentration Monitoring Station×4Mobile Debris Flow Monitoring Station ×3Portable Unit ×14

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01.白布帆站 (Baibufan Station)02.九份二山站 (Jiufen-Ershan Station)03.神木站 (Shenmu Station)04.上安站 (Shang-an Station)05.郡坑站 (Jyunkeng Station)06.豐丘站 (Fongciou Station)07.大粗坑站 (Dacukeng Station)08.鳳義坑站 (Fongyikeng Station)09.射馬干站 (Shemangan Station)10.華山站 (Huashan Station)11.大興站 (Dasing Station)12.豐山站 (Fongshan Station)13.松鶴站 (Songhe Station)14.坪頂站 (PingDing Station)15.蘇樂站 (Suru Station)16.玉峰站 (Yufong Station)17下田埔站 (Shiatainpu Station)18.羌黃坑站 (Cianghuangkeng Station)19.集來站 (Jilai Station)20.來義站 (Laiyi Station)21.大鳥站 (Daniao Station)22.南豐站 (Nanfeng Station)

wire sensors

ultrasonic water level Transmitter

Geophonerain gauge

CCD camera and infrared spotlight

Sensors of Permanent monitoring station

Permanent Debris Flow Monitoring Station– Jioufen-ershan

Temperature and humidity sensor

Solar irradiation sensor

Wind speeds and directions sensor

Atmospheric pressure sensor

Soil water content sensor

Geophone

Wire Sensor

CCD CameraWater Level Meter

Sensors in Debris Flow Monitoring Station

Meteorologicalsensors

Debris Flow Monitoring Information System – Shenmu Station

Current Debris Flow Monitoring SystemReal –time data is transmitted

to ERC at SWCB by advanced communication technology, such as satellite, 3.5G, and Internet.

CCD

Meteorological Instrument

Wire Sensor

GeophoneRain Gauge

Water Content

On-Site Station

Emergency Response Center

Power Supply

Online Notice

Risk Mgmt.

Cell phones

3.5G

Mobile Station

Radar Water Level Gauge

Typhoon MORAKOTShen-Mu Debris Flow Monitoring Station

The Debris Flow Event of AiyuziRiver (8/8 16:57)

Aiyuzi River CCD image (front) Aiyuzi River CCD image (side)

The comparison of UAV images before and after the debris flow event at upstream

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2009/8/6 09:00

2009/8/6 13:00

2009/8/6 17:00

2009/8/6 21:00

2009/8/7 01:00

2009/8/7 05:00

2009/8/7 09:00

2009/8/7 13:00

2009/8/7 17:00

2009/8/7 21:00

2009/8/8 01:00

2009/8/8 05:00

2009/8/8 09:00

2009/8/8 13:00

2009/8/8 17:00

2009/8/8 21:00

2009/8/9 01:00

2009/8/9 05:00

2009/8/9 09:00

2009/8/9 13:00

2009/8/9 17:00

2009/8/9 21:00

2009/8/10 01:00

2009/8/10 05:00

2009/8/10 09:00

2009/8/10 13:00

2009/8/10 17:00

2009/8/10 21:00

2009/8/11 01:00

2009/8/11 05:00

2009/8/11 09:00

2009/8/11 13:00

2009/8/11 17:00

2009/8/11 21:00

時間

時雨量(mm)

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200

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600

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1800

累積雨量(mm)

神木時雨量 神木累積雨量

Aiyuzi River Debris Flow Event2009/08/08 04:35 2009/08/08 04:39

Wire 1 broke 8/8 4:11

Wire 2 broke8/8 04:39

2009/08/08 04:41

Aiyuzi River wire broke

Accumulate rainfall：1500mm

The heaviest rainfall ：82mm/per hour

Estimating of debris flow velocity

The comparison of downstream and midstream Underground Sound analysis by Wavelet Transform at Shen-Mu station

(8/8 4:36~4:42)

10 seconds

50m

50m/3sec=17m/s

173m/10sec=17m/s

Mobile Debris Flow Monitoring Station

The 4th Generation Mobile Station

4thS Mobile monitoring station

Challenges on Extreme Weather Condition after Typhoon Morakot

Compound hazards occurredat Xiao-lin Village, Jia-xien, Kaoshiung: Flooding Shallow landslide Debris flow Deep landslide Barrier dam Dam bursting

甲仙鄉小林村災害

(複合型災害)

2008/11Pre-typhoon

2009/8Post-Morakot

Compound Hazards occurred simultaneously:

Time

Long-term Monitoring On-Site Station

On call for hazard alert and response

Mobile Station

Portable Units

Transmitting to ERC

Hazard Alert & Response

Upp

er S

trea

mM

idst

ream

Dow

n St

ream

Basin-Wide Monitoring Network

Portable Unit

UAV

PointLinePlane: extended to upper stream and the source of debris, considering a wholewatershed.

Combining on-site, mobile station, and portable units.

Integrating data from different agencies.

On-Site Station

Mobile Station

Basin-Wide Monitoring Network

自動溫濕度計

日照輻射計

風力風向計

大氣壓力計

土壤含水量

地聲

鋼索

CCD

水位計

土石流觀測站先進量測儀器

Portable Unit

Plug-and-PlayPower Supply

Flexible onInstrumentInstallation

Portable Unit R&D

Easy to Operate

VariousCommunicationOptions

OGC‐SWE StandardEasy to

TransportBasic monitoring functions

Lightweight

Design Conception

21

Portable Unit R&DContainer and Carrier Design Aluminum-alloy carrier

Carry on shoulder or drag by hand

22

50cm

63cm

CCD box

Power Units

MainBox

35cm

96cm

56cm23cm

16cm

20kg

10kg

Full-Function Model

35kg

Basic &

Intermediate

Model

Military-standard boxUse cables and nails to fix the box.

Portable Unit R&D

Touch ScreenControl interface

Rain gauge

Data TransmitterPower

Units

Data Processing UnitsSoil

water moisture

Geophone

23

Rain gauge Soil moisture meter

Geophone

CCD Camera

Receiver

AD Converter Wild Box Module

Storage

Computing

Communication

Receiving

Portable Unit

SOS

SAS

SPS

Portable Unit1

Portable Unit2

Portable Unit3

NCDR

WRA

MOTC

CWBSWCBCWB WRA

SWCB

GetObservation()

Sweet SWE Server

2011 Geoinformatics Interoperability Days

Sweet SWE Server

Sensor

Sensor

Sensor

Application

(c) 2011 Open Geospatial Consortium

Sweet SWE Server

Sweet SWE Server

DB Server

OBSERV

E

SOS

WS

DBStorage

TaskManagement

ServiceSOSSPSWNS

Portable Units

Landslide Monitoring

Landslide

Building

Landslide Monitoring

Landslide

Landslide Monitoring

Carry on portable unitSetup Mobile Station

securityCarry down to top of

the landslide

Landslide Monitoring

Setup portable unit

Working

Landslide monitoring system

Window

SWE implemented in our monitoring information service platform

Monitoring information service has integrated to debris flow forecasting system.

http://monitor.swcb.gov.tw

SWE implemented in monitoring information service platform Monitoring information

service has integrated to debris flow forecasting system.

User can click on sensor location and inquire observation data directly.

http://monitor.swcb.gov.tw

SWE implemented in monitoring information service platform Monitoring information

service has integrated to debris flow forecasting system.

User can click on sensor location and inquire observation data directly.

External AP can request observed data published in our service platform

External AP

Cite observed data

Conclusions Use 3S technique and a complete monitoring and

management system to provide complex type of hazards’ real-time data.

Integrate information and data from agencies by OGC’s SWE standard.

The portable unit includes PAC, battery, communication, CCD camera, geophone, handy rain gauge, soil moisture sensor and Sweet Swe Server.

The portable unit had been approved a success on monitoring landslide and providing SWE-standard data to different agencies.

Thanks for your attention