bipedalism

for people in a hurry

10-15 km/hrAverage speed in European

urban centres at peak periods

12-14 km/hr (Dublin)

15 km/hr (Lyon)

15.5 km/hr (Copenhagen)

Prudhomme and Bocarejo, 2005, City of Paris, 2012, Jensen et al, 2010

for people who

cannot afford to be late

for healthy people

on balance, the monetised benefits

from improved health are up to

greater than the combined health

impacts of crashes and exposure to

air pollution

20x

Today’s childrens’

cardiovascular fitness

compared to 30 years ago

-15%

G. Tomkinson et al, 2013

for local shops

Who spends what in shops?

15.4

15.3

11.0

6.8

Revenue in Copenhagen shops and supermarkets by mode of transport (DKK billion/yr)

City of Copenhagen

Who spends what in shops? Expenditure, Portland (shops, restaurants,bars) by mode of transport (USD person/month)

OTREC, Examining Consumer Bevaviour and Travel Choices

76

61

66

58

Retail revenue per square foot and per

hour of occupied parking

$A 0.69

$A 0.19

Lee, 2008

2011Salt Lake City, USA

S 3rd & S 300th

40.7628885,-111.8825773

2015Salt Lake City, USA

S 3rd & S 300th

40.7628885,-111.8825773

City of Salt Lake City, 2015

300 South Street Reconfiguration

P

-30%

+30%

$

+9%

41%

6%

42%

22%

10%

55% estimated

actual

BristolShopowner

estimates of

customer access

mode

32%

58%

5%

8%

42%

55% estimated

actual

Graz, ATShopowner

estimates of

customer access

mode

for successful cities

Tami Door,President, Downtown

Denver Partnership, Inc.

“The number one thing [tech companies] want is bike lanes.

Ten years ago we never would have thought that walkability

or bike lanes would be economic development tools”

“I believe that cycling is a fundamental part of the future city

and has been a critical factor in Google’s decision to invest

in King’s Cross and London itself”

Dan Cobley,(ex) Managing Director,

Google UK

“We look forward to using the protected {cycle } routes to

help us attract and retain the people we need to continue

to thrive”

Michel Van Der Bel,CEO

Microsoft, UK.

“It is much more cost-feasible for me to [enhance the core

city] with protected bike lanes, than it is for me to go way out

somewhere, put in sewers, street lights, and all this stuff.

[Cycling] bodes well for our citizens and their health … but it

also bodes well for the finances of the city.”

A.C. Wharton Jr, Mayor,

Memphis, TN, USA

655 155 inhabitants,

for cohesive cities

supernormal

Making cyclists safe

in the current traffic system?

Making the system safe

for (new and existing) cyclists?

A B

A B

A B

Getting from A to B: Today

Getting from A to B: Want

A B

A B

A B

2008Suwon,

South KoreaPaldal-gu,

37.275380, 127.019707

2014Suwon,

South KoreaPaldal-gu,

37.275380, 127.019707

2009Lisbon, Portugal

Av. Duque de Ávila38.7351324,-9.1490139,17

2014Lisbon, Portugal

Av. Duque de Ávila38.7351324,-9.1490139,17

2008St. Germain-en-

Laye, FranceRue Léon Désoyer

48.899641, 2.081805

2014St. Germain-en-

Laye, FranceRue Léon Désoyer

48.899641, 2.081805

Continuous cycle network of high standard on

routes and at intersections, improve cyclist safety,

security and accessibility, and is thus an important

basis for increasing bicycle use.

Copenhagen, DK Tracks &Lanes

Bremen, DE Tracks &Lanes

Sevilla, ES Tracks &Lanes

SPACE

CAPACITY

COST

2.5M2.5M 20 M 25%of the

38,000/DAY 40,000/DAY95%

of the

1.3$

$142K/KM $11.25M/KM%of the

BICYCLE TRACKS vs. CITY ROADS

Gehl Architects

18€per capita per year

City of Copenhagen’s annual cycling

infrastructure and maintenance budget

On balance: benefits and costs

13:1 average benefit to cost ratio (UK and non UK)

8-33%Rates of return for cyclist bridge and

intersection re-design in Copenhagen

Sensitive to context, assumptions (health, modal

transfer) and costs – but….

Protected Bicycle Lanes in NYC

2nd Avenue

cycling +9 to 160%

injuries -20%

speed +0 to 14%

before

after after

When you prioritise

active mobility, it

makes getting around

easier for everyone,

including drivers.If you design a city for cars,

it fails for everyone,

including drivers…

Brent Toderian. TODERIAN

UrbanWorks, former

Director of City Planning,

Vancouver