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2H 海洋工程公司海洋 程公司
Offshore Structural Monitoring Why andMonitoring, Why and HowHow (海洋结构监测)
Dr. Pei An （安培）2H Off h E i Li it d UK2H Offshore Engineer Limited, UK（2H 海洋工程公司）
2nd Annual Deepwater Asia-Pacific 2009Renaissance, Beijing, China17th - 18th September 2009
C t t (内容)Content (内容)
What is monitoring (什么是监测)Why structural monitoring（为什么要监测海洋结构）
How to monitor （如何监测)Case studies （案例）Case studies （案例）
Conclusion （结论）
What i M it iWhat is Monitoring
什么是监测什么是监测
What is Monitoring (什么是监测)(什么是监测)
To observe information collected from a real world target to answer questions of concerns（从实际系统采集第一手资料，以回答所关心的问题）
Data collected is processed and interpreted through knowledge to understand response ofthrough knowledge to understand response of a system （通过数据处理和分析，采集的数据可揭示系统的运行状况）可揭示系统的运行状况）
What Is Monitoring （什么是监测）E l A d U （举例）- Examples Around Us （举例）
Feel confident and make decision Feel confident
Understand and make decision Make critical decisions
Offshore StructuresOffshore Structures1 – Vessels and Platforms
2 - Drilling Risers
3 – Flexible Risers3 Flexible Risers
4 – FSHR (SLOR) Risers
5 M i Li5 – Mooring Lines
6 – SCR Risers
7 – Top Tension Risers
8 – Pipelines
Relevant Parameters（有关数据）
• Motion （与运动相关）• Force （与力相关) • Position （与位置相关）
Why M it i St tWhy Monitoring Structures
为什么要监测海洋结构为什么要监测海洋结构
Why Monitoring Offshore Structures（为什么监测海洋结构）（为什么监测海洋结构）
Subsea structures are exposed to the hash element （恶劣的环境）
Susbse structures are exposed to extreme environment （险恶的环境）
Subsea structures are highly d i （高度动态）dynamic （高度动态）
Why Monitoring Offshore Structure为什么监 海洋结构（为什么监测海洋结构）
They may degrade and fail （结构可能退化或失效）
failures will be costly and impose safety risk to people and environment （失效可能造成严重后果）严重后果）
Hence, integrity of structures is of paramount concern （资源整体性至关重要）
The “art” of VIV paramount concern （资源整体性至关重要）
Ch i F il （系泊失效案例）Chain Failures （系泊失效案例）
Market Need for Mooring M it i （市场需求）Monitoring（市场需求）
Mechanical structures degrade and fail （结构可能退化或失效）
A pro-active approach to IMR （Inspection, Maintenance and Repair）is needed to ensure the integrity of the system （引入积极的检查，保养及维修机制以确保资源的完整性）保养及维修机制以确保资源的完整性）
Monitoring mooring line is an integral part ofMonitoring mooring line is an integral part of the pro-active IMR （结构监测是资源完整性管理的一个重要组成部分）理的 个重要组成部分）
M it i D liMonitoring Delivers
Understanding
知己知彼知己知彼
Confidence
稳操胜券稳操胜券
How t M itHow to Monitor
如何监测海洋结构如何监测海洋结构
Parameters to measure（测量数据）（测量数据）
MOTION （运动类）
3D movement acceleration [m/s2]3D movement - acceleration [m/s2]3D rotation - angular rate [deg/s]Inclination and heading [deg]
FORCE （应力类）
Curvature of a structure [1/m]Strains on a structure [strain]Tension [Kg]
POSITION （位置类）
Global positionRelative positionp
How to Monitor S t T h l i- Support Technologies
Sensor technology （传感器技术）
Communication technology （通讯技术）Communication technology （通讯技术）
Micro-electronic technology （微电子技术）
Materials （材料）
Underwater electrical system （水下电器系统）
Software （软件）
These key technologies are well advanced and matured. They can be extensively exploited to delivery cost-They can be extensively exploited to delivery costeffective monitoring solutions（主要技术已经达到完善，使得海洋结构监测经济可行）
A t f S b P dAnatomy of a Subsea Pod
Sensors
Filters
High passAnalogue to
digitalSensors High pass Low pass Band pass
digital converter
Micro-
Memory
Communication processorCircuit
Batteries
A t f D t LAnatomy of a Data Logger
How to Measure Acceleration（加速度测量）（加速度测量）
P t S U d E lParameters Sensors Used ExamplesAcceleration Accelerometers MEMS sensors
Key specification related to an application:Key specification related to an application: Range, resolutionNoise level, stability over time and temperature, accuracyF d filtFrequency response and filtersPower consumption, size, cost
How to Measure Angular Rates（角速度测量）（角速度测量）
Parameters Sensors Used ExamplesParameters Sensors Used ExamplesAngular Rate Gyroscopes Tuning fork sensors
Laser ring or FOG
Key specification related to an application: Range, resolutionNoise level Stability over time and temperature AccuracyNoise level, Stability over time and temperature, AccuracyFrequency response and filtersPower consumption, size, cost
How to Measure Inclination（倾角测量）（倾角测量）
Parameters Sensors Used ExamplesInclination Inclinometer Accelerometers
Electrolytic sensorsElectrolytic sensors
Key specification related to an application: Range, resolutionNoise level, Stability over time and temperature, AccuracyRepeatabilityFrequency response and filtersFrequency response and filtersPower consumption, size, cost
How to Measure Strain (Tension d B di ) （应力）and Bending) （应力）
Parameters Sensors Used ExamplesStrain Strain gauge
Displacement sensorsStrain gauges (foil type, optical fibre)Displacement sensors optical fibre)Displacement sensors
Key specification related to an application: Range, resolution, repeatabilityNoise level, stability over time and temperature, accuracyFrequency response and filtersq y pPower consumption, size, cost
How to Measure Curvature（曲率测量）（曲率测量）
Parameters Sensors Used ExamplesCurvature Curvature
sensorsStrain gauge basedFibre-optical basedFibre optical based
Key specification related to an application: Range, resolution, repeatabilityNoise level, Stability over time, temp and pressure, accuracyFrequency response and filtersPower consumption, size, costp , ,
How to Communicate with S th h W t （通讯）Sensors through Water （通讯）
Method of Description BenefitMethod of Communication
Description Benefit
Hardwired （导线）Collect data via dedicated cables
Full real-time monitoringWide bandwidthdedicated cables Wide bandwidthNoise immuneDifficult to installComplicated interfacepProne to be damaged
Acoustic（水下声波）
Collect data using underwater acoustic
Semi-real timeLimited bandwidth波）Subject to underwater noiseRelative easy to installRelative easy interface
Standalone （离线）
Collect data into a memory inside the
d d t i th
Minimum interfacesEasy to installCost effectivepod and retrieve the
data afterwards
Cost effectiveNot real-timeReliable
Real-Time Monitoring（实时数据采集）（实时数据采集）
Modem atsurface
Subseastructure
Subseastructure
Electricalor opticalcables
s uc u e
SensorsHardwiredSensors
Sensorswith acousticmodem
Off-Line Monitoring（离线数据采集）（离线数据采集）
Initialisation Download Data analysis
ROV deploymentLogger retrieval
`Logger Installation
Logging...
Send Data Globally（全球数据通讯）（全球数据通讯）
Products （产品系列）
数据采集器 水下传感器 安装工具 软件
E l (举例)Examples (举例)
C St diCase Studies（应用实例）（应用实例）
M i li it iMooring line monitoringPipeline motion monitoring
Mooring Line Monitoring SystemMOORASSURE ™MOORASSURE 系泊监测系统功能图
Acoustical Receiver（超声接收装置）
Acoustically-linked Angle Monitoring Devices（超声角度测量装置）
系泊监测系统用户界面系泊监测系统用户界面
Acoustically-Linked Inclinometer具有超声通讯功能的倾斜测量装置）具有超声通讯功能的倾斜测量装置）
Inclinometer to measure inclination （倾斜器）
Inclination translated to tension （倾斜角〉张力）Inclination translated to tension （倾斜角〉张力）
On-board memory to record data （不消失存储器）
Battery to power all the electronics （电池电源）
Acoustic linker for transmitting measured inclination to topside （水下超声数据传递）
Allow topside data acquisition to control andAllow topside data acquisition to control and download data with flexible communication scheme（用户可控制）
使用潜水员或 进行操作Diver or ROV deployable （使用潜水员或ROV进行操作）
5 years battery life or more （电池更换期5年）
Corrosion resistant and robust casing （抗腐蚀材料）Corrosion resistant and robust casing （抗腐蚀材料）
Ch i T bl (实例)Chain Table (实例)
(实例)Chain stopper Interface (实例)
A ti R i (实例)Acoustic Receiver (实例)
Flowline Motion Monitoring System管路动态监测系统管路动态监测系统
Flowline Motion Monitoring System管路动态监测系统管路动态监测系统
ROV deployable Logger Holder Loggers
谢谢谢谢谢谢
www.2hoffshore.com
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