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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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31. Shah BA, Ahmed W, Dhobi GN, et al. Validity of Pneumonia Severity
Index and CURB-65 Severity Scoring Systems in Community Acquired
Pneumonia in an Indian Setting. The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases &
Allied Sciences 2010;Vol.52
53
Lampiran 1. Analisis univariat data responden
Usia
21 30.9 30.9 30.9
47 69.1 69.1 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
<= 60
> 60
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
Jenis kelamin
33 48.5 48.5 48.5
35 51.5 51.5 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
Laki-laki
Perempuan
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
Tempat rawat
62 91.2 91.2 91.2
6 8.8 8.8 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
non-ICU
ICU
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
Kelompok risiko PSI
1 1.5 1.5 1.5
4 5.9 5.9 7.4
9 13.2 13.2 20.6
31 45.6 45.6 66.2
23 33.8 33.8 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
I
II
III
IV
V
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
PSI
14 20.6 20.6 20.6
31 45.6 45.6 66.2
23 33.8 33.8 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
rendah
sedang
tinggi
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
54
Keganasan
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Ya 3 4.4 4.4 4.4
Tidak 65 95.6 95.6 100.0
Total 68 100.0 100.0
Total skor CURB
2 2.9 2.9 2.9
8 11.8 11.8 14.7
39 57.4 57.4 72.1
16 23.5 23.5 95.6
2 2.9 2.9 98.5
1 1.5 1.5 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
CURB
10 14.7 14.7 14.7
39 57.4 57.4 72.1
19 27.9 27.9 100.0
68 100.0 100.0
rendah
sedang
tinggi
Total
ValidFrequency Percent Valid Percent
CumulativePercent
55
penyakit liver
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Ya 3 4.4 4.4 4.4
Tidak 65 95.6 95.6 100.0
Total 68 100.0 100.0
CHF
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Ya 19 27.9 27.9 27.9
Tidak 49 72.1 72.1 100.0
Total 68 100.0 100.0
penyakit serebrovaskuler
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Ya 10 14.7 14.7 14.7
Tidak 58 85.3 85.3 100.0
Total 68 100.0 100.0
56
penyakit ginjal
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Ya 11 16.2 16.2 16.2
Tidak 57 83.8 83.8 100.0
Total 68 100.0 100.0
terapi empirik
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid ceftriaxone 50 73.5 73.5 73.5
ciprofloxacin 3 4.4 4.4 77.9
levofloxacin 1 1.5 1.5 79.4
meropenem 2 2.9 2.9 82.4
cefotaxime 2 2.9 2.9 85.3
cefoperazone 1 1.5 1.5 86.8
ceftriaxone+ciprofloxacin 6 8.8 8.8 95.6
ceftriaxone+cefotaxime 1 1.5 1.5 97.1
ciprofloxacin+clindamycin 1 1.5 1.5 98.5
levofloxacin+meropenem 1 1.5 1.5 100.0
Total 68 100.0 100.0
57
Lampiran 2. Analisis bivariat data responden
Crosstab
9 8 4 21
4.3 9.6 7.1 21.0
64.3% 25.8% 17.4% 30.9%
13.2% 11.8% 5.9% 30.9%
5 23 19 47
9.7 21.4 15.9 47.0
35.7% 74.2% 82.6% 69.1%
7.4% 33.8% 27.9% 69.1%
14 31 23 68
14.0 31.0 23.0 68.0
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
20.6% 45.6% 33.8% 100.0%
Count
Expected Count
% within PSI
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within PSI
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within PSI
% of Total
<= 60
> 60
Usia
Total
rendah sedang tinggi
PSI
Total
Chi-Square Tests
9.654a 2 .008
9.163 2 .010
7.801 1 .005
68
Pearson Chi-Square
Likelihood Ratio
Linear-by-LinearAssociation
N of Valid Cases
Value dfAsymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
1 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. Theminimum expected count is 4.32.
a.
58
Crosstab
8 12 1 21
3.1 12.0 5.9 21.0
80.0% 30.8% 5.3% 30.9%
11.8% 17.6% 1.5% 30.9%
2 27 18 47
6.9 27.0 13.1 47.0
20.0% 69.2% 94.7% 69.1%
2.9% 39.7% 26.5% 69.1%
10 39 19 68
10.0 39.0 19.0 68.0
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
14.7% 57.4% 27.9% 100.0%
Count
Expected Count
% within CURB
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within CURB
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within CURB
% of Total
<= 60
> 60
Usia
Total
rendah sedang tinggi
CURB
Total
Chi-Square Tests
17.145a 2 .000
18.081 2 .000
15.875 1 .000
68
Pearson Chi-Square
Likelihood Ratio
Linear-by-LinearAssociation
N of Valid Cases
Value dfAsymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
1 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. Theminimum expected count is 3.09.
a.
59
Crosstab
7 13 13 33
6.8 15.0 11.2 33.0
50.0% 41.9% 56.5% 48.5%
10.3% 19.1% 19.1% 48.5%
7 18 10 35
7.2 16.0 11.8 35.0
50.0% 58.1% 43.5% 51.5%
10.3% 26.5% 14.7% 51.5%
14 31 23 68
14.0 31.0 23.0 68.0
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
20.6% 45.6% 33.8% 100.0%
Count
Expected Count
% within PSI
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within PSI
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within PSI
% of Total
Laki-laki
Perempuan
Jenis kelamin
Total
rendah sedang tinggi
PSI
Total
Chi-Square Tests
1.140a 2 .566
1.144 2 .565
.294 1 .588
68
Pearson Chi-Square
Likelihood Ratio
Linear-by-LinearAssociation
N of Valid Cases
Value dfAsymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. Theminimum expected count is 6.79.
a.
60
Crosstab
4 20 9 33
4.9 18.9 9.2 33.0
40.0% 51.3% 47.4% 48.5%
5.9% 29.4% 13.2% 48.5%
6 19 10 35
5.1 20.1 9.8 35.0
60.0% 48.7% 52.6% 51.5%
8.8% 27.9% 14.7% 51.5%
10 39 19 68
10.0 39.0 19.0 68.0
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
14.7% 57.4% 27.9% 100.0%
Count
Expected Count
% within CURB
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within CURB
% of Total
Count
Expected Count
% within CURB
% of Total
Laki-laki
Perempuan
Jenis kelamin
Total
rendah sedang tinggi
CURB
Total
Chi-Square Tests
.420a 2 .811
.422 2 .810
.057 1 .812
68
Pearson Chi-Square
Likelihood Ratio
Linear-by-LinearAssociation
N of Valid Cases
Value dfAsymp. Sig.
(2-sided)
1 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. Theminimum expected count is 4.85.
a.
61
PSI * CURB Crosstabulation
Count
CURB
Totalrendah sedang tinggi
PSI rendah 8 5 1 14
sedang 1 24 6 31
tinggi 1 10 12 23
Total 10 39 19 68
Reliability
Scale: ALL VARIABLES
Case Processing Summary
68 100.0
0 .0
68 100.0
Valid
Excludeda
Total
CasesN %
Listwise deletion based on allvariables in the procedure.
a.
Reliability Statistics
.691 2
Cronbach'sAlpha N of Items
62
ANOVA
48.618 67 .726
.000 1 .000 .000 1.000
15.000 67 .224
15.000 68 .221
63.618 135 .471
Between People
Between Items
Residual
Total
Within People
Total
Sum ofSquares df Mean Square F Sig
Grand Mean = 2.13
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient
.528b .333 .680 3.241 67.0 67 .000
.691c .500 .810 3.241 67.0 67 .000
Single Measures
Average Measures
IntraclassCorrelationa Lower Bound Upper Bound
95% Confidence Interval
Value df1 df2 Sig
F Test with True Value 0
Two-way mixed effects model where people effects are random and measures effects are fixed.
Type C intraclass correlation coefficients using a consistency definition-the between-measure variance isexcluded from the denominator variance.
a.
The estimator is the same, whether the interaction effect is present or not.b.
This estimate is computed assuming the interaction effect is absent, because it is not estimable otherwise.c.
63
terapi empirik * Tempat rawat Crosstabulation
Tempat rawat
Totalnon-ICU ICU
terapi empirik ceftriaxone Count 47 3 50
% of Total 69.1% 4.4% 73.5%
ciprofloxacin Count 3 0 3
% of Total 4.4% .0% 4.4%
Levofloxacin Count 0 1 1
% of Total .0% 1.5% 1.5%
Meropenem Count 1 1 2
% of Total 1.5% 1.5% 2.9%
Cefotaxime Count 2 0 2
% of Total 2.9% .0% 2.9%
cefoperazone Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% .0% 1.5%
ceftriaxone+ciprofloxacin Count 5 1 6
% of Total 7.4% 1.5% 8.8%
ceftriaxone+cefotaxime Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% .0% 1.5%
64
ciprofloxacin+clindamycin Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% .0% 1.5%
levofloxacin+meropenem Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% .0% 1.5%
Total Count 62 6 68
% of Total 91.2% 8.8% 100.0%
terapi empirik * CURB Crosstabulation
CURB
Totalrendah sedang tinggi
terapi empirik Ceftriaxone Count 8 28 14 50
% of
Total
11.8% 41.2% 20.6% 73.5%
Ciprofloxacin Count 0 3 0 3
% of
Total
.0% 4.4% .0% 4.4%
Levofloxacin Count 0 1 0 1
% of
Total
.0% 1.5% .0% 1.5%
Meropenem Count 1 1 0 2
% of
Total
1.5% 1.5% .0% 2.9%
65
Cefotaxime Count 0 1 1 2
% of
Total
.0% 1.5% 1.5% 2.9%
cefoperazone Count 0 0 1 1
% of
Total
.0% .0% 1.5% 1.5%
ceftriaxone+ciprofloxacin Count 1 2 3 6
% of
Total
1.5% 2.9% 4.4% 8.8%
ceftriaxone+cefotaxime Count 0 1 0 1
% of
Total
.0% 1.5% .0% 1.5%
ciprofloxacin+clindamycin Count 0 1 0 1
% of
Total
.0% 1.5% .0% 1.5%
levofloxacin+meropenem Count 0 1 0 1
% of
Total
.0% 1.5% .0% 1.5%
Total Count 10 39 19 68
% of
Total
14.7% 57.4% 27.9% 100.0%
66
Lampiran 3. Spreadsheet
NoNomer cm Usia Sex Rawat PSI der.PSI
CURB-65 der.CURB
1 c374377 2 1 2 5 3 4 3
2 C373947 2 1 1 5 3 2 2
3 484757 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
4 c377238 2 1 1 5 3 3 3
5 c383888 2 1 1 2 1 2 2
6 c386336 2 1 1 5 3 5 3
7 c371174 2 2 1 5 3 2 2
8 b371770 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
9 c387630 2 2 1 5 3 2 2
10 c366531 1 2 1 2 1 0 1
11 c377370 1 1 1 3 1 2 2
12 c374186 1 2 1 1 1 0 1
13 c384952 2 1 2 5 3 3 3
14 c430487 2 2 1 5 3 3 3
15 c392798 2 2 2 5 3 4 3
16 b377418 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
17 c398081 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
18 c052585 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
19 b148605 1 1 1 4 2 2 2
20 c268084 1 2 1 3 1 1 1
21 c124793 2 1 1 5 3 2 2
22 c427502 1 2 2 2 1 1 1
23 c428852 2 2 1 5 3 3 3
24 c421710 2 2 1 4 2 3 3
25 c214179 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
26 c400199 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
27 c397469 1 1 1 5 3 2 2
28 c225469 2 1 1 3 1 3 3
29 c397568 1 1 1 4 2 2 2
30 c243988 2 2 1 5 3 2 2
31 c426718 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
32 c273637 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
33 c416097 2 2 1 5 3 2 2
67
Nomer cm Usia Sex Rawat PSI der.psi
CURB-65 der.CURB
34 c417197 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
35 c427437 2 1 1 5 3 3 3
36 c404497 1 2 1 2 1 1 1
37 c428997 2 2 1 5 3 3 3
38 c291567 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
39 c204117 2 1 1 4 2 3 3
40 c422706 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
41 c340066 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
42 c122806 2 1 1 5 3 3 3
43 b274925 2 1 1 3 1 1 1
44 c414835 2 2 1 4 2 3 3
45 c205875 1 2 1 4 2 2 2
46 c424255 1 1 1 4 2 3 3
47 c385434 2 2 1 5 3 3 3
48 c287864 1 1 1 5 3 1 1
49 c393824 1 2 1 3 1 2 2
50 c429414 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
51 c389513 1 1 2 5 3 2 2
52 c396233 1 2 1 4 2 1 1
53 c109693 1 2 1 4 2 2 2
54 c422472 2 1 1 3 1 2 2
55 c343112 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
56 c418952 1 2 1 3 1 2 2
57 b428322 1 1 1 3 1 1 1
58 c413152 2 2 1 4 2 3 3
59 c404311 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
60 b186461 1 2 1 4 2 2 2
61 c415130 1 1 1 5 3 2 2
62 b369240 2 1 1 5 3 2 2
63 c426800 2 1 1 3 1 1 1
64 c364230 1 1 2 4 2 2 2
65 c428429 2 2 1 4 2 3 3
66 c396968 2 2 1 4 2 2 2
67 c384489 2 1 1 4 2 2 2
68 c083541 2 2 1 5 3 3 3
68
NoNomer cm terapi keganasan liver chf serebro ginjal
1 c374377 1 2 2 2 1 12 C373947 7 2 2 1 2 23 484757 1 2 2 1 2 24 c377238 7 2 2 2 1 25 c383888 1 2 2 2 2 26 c386336 7 2 2 2 2 27 c371174 1 2 2 1 2 28 b371770 1 2 2 2 2 19 c387630 7 2 2 1 2 1
10 c366531 1 2 2 2 2 211 c377370 1 2 2 2 2 212 c374186 1 2 2 2 2 213 c384952 7 2 2 2 2 114 c430487 1 2 2 2 1 115 c392798 1 2 1 2 1 216 b377418 2 2 2 2 1 217 c398081 10 2 2 2 1 218 c052585 4 2 2 2 2 219 b148605 1 2 2 2 1 220 c268084 1 2 2 2 2 121 c124793 5 2 2 2 2 222 c427502 4 2 2 2 2 223 c428852 1 2 2 1 2 224 c421710 1 2 2 2 1 225 c214179 1 2 2 2 2 126 c400199 1 2 2 2 2 127 c397469 1 2 2 2 1 228 c225469 1 2 2 2 2 229 c397568 1 2 2 2 2 130 c243988 9 2 2 2 2 231 c426718 2 2 2 1 2 232 c273637 1 2 2 2 2 233 c416097 1 2 1 1 2 234 c417197 1 2 2 1 2 2
69
NoNomer cm Terapi Keganasan Liver Chf Serebro ginjal
35 c427437 1 2 2 1 2 236 c404497 1 2 2 2 2 237 c428997 1 2 2 1 2 138 c291567 1 2 2 2 2 239 c204117 1 2 2 1 2 240 c422706 1 2 2 1 2 241 c340066 1 1 2 2 2 241 c122806 5 2 1 2 2 243 b274925 1 2 2 2 2 244 c414835 1 2 2 2 2 245 c205875 1 1 2 2 2 246 c424255 1 2 2 2 1 247 c385434 1 2 2 2 2 248 c287864 1 2 2 1 2 149 c393824 1 2 2 2 2 250 c429414 1 2 2 2 2 251 c389513 1 1 2 2 2 252 c396233 1 2 2 2 2 253 c109693 1 2 2 1 2 254 c422472 8 2 2 2 2 255 c343112 1 2 2 2 2 256 c418952 2 2 2 2 2 257 b428322 7 2 2 1 2 258 c413152 1 2 2 1 2 259 c404311 1 2 2 2 2 260 b186461 1 2 2 1 2 261 c415130 1 2 2 2 2 262 b369240 1 2 2 1 2 263 c426800 1 2 2 2 2 263 c364230 3 2 2 2 2 265 c428429 6 2 2 2 2 266 c396968 1 2 2 2 2 267 c384489 1 2 2 2 2 268 c083541 1 2 2 1 2 2
70
Lampiran 4. Ethical Clearance
71
Lampiran 5. Surat permohonan peminjaman rekam medik
72
Lampiran 6. Daftar tilik penelusuran rekam medik
NamaUsiaNomer registriJenis kelaminTempat perawatan
Skoring PSIKarakteristik Pasien Poin skor Skor
Faktor Demografi
Usia laki-laki UsiaUsia wanita Usia-10Tinggal di rumah perawatan 10Penyakit Komorbid
Keganasan 30Penyakit liver 20Gagal jantung kongestif 10Penyakit serebrovaskuler 10Penyakit ginjal 10Temuan Pemeriksaan Fisik
Penurunan kesadaran 20Laju pernapasan ≥ 30 x per menit 20Tekanan darah sistolik <90 mmHg 20Suhu < 35 oC / ≥40 oC 15Nadi ≥ 125 x per menit 10Temuan Laboratorium
pH <7,35 30BUN>11mmol/L atau ≥30mg/dL 20Natrium <130mmol/L 20Gula darah >14 mmol/L atau ≥250mg/dL
10
Hematokrit <30% 10p02 <60mmHg 10Efusi pleura 10Total skor PSIDerajat keparahan
73
Skoring CURB-65Karakteristik Poin Skor Skor
Penurunan kesadaran 1Urea nitrogen darah > 20 mg per dL (7.14 mmol per L)
1
Laju pernapasan ≥ 30 x per menit 1Tekanan darah (sistolik < 90 mm Hg atau diastolik ≤ 60 mm Hg)
1
Usia ≥ 65 tahun 1Total skor CURB-65Derajat keparahan
Terapi empirik
74
Lampiran 7. Dokumentasi penelitian
75
Lampiran 8. Biodata Mahasiswa
Identitas
Nama : Nina Widasari
NIM : 22010110120119
Tempat / tanggal lahir : Takengon, 3 Juli 1992
Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan
Alamat : Jl. Azalea IV no. 8U Kompleks Cemara Asri
Medan
Nomor HP : 083838808789
E-mail : ninawidasariyanis@gmail.com
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal
1. SD : 1998 Lulus tahun : 2004
2. SMP : 2004 Lulus tahun : 2007
3. SMA : 2007 Lulus tahun : 2010
4. FK UNDIP : Masuk tahun 2010
Keanggotan Organisasi
1. BEM SENIOR FK Undip tahun 2010
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