View
0
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
fd]5fk gukflnsf gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno
fd]5fk ahf fd]5fk g+ k|b]z g]kfn
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] tyf fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg j6 txn] +ljwfg sfgg
adf]lhd ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] cgrLndash sf] yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rLn]
yfgLo tYofIacute tyf clen]v +sng a]f]hufsf] tYofIacute +sng DaGwL clwsfnfO rLs[t u]sf] 5
g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[t +3 k|b]z yfgLo txsf] clwsfxsf] sfo ljt[tLs0f k|ltj]bgn] yfgLo tYofIacute
DaGwL gLlt sfgg dfkb08 thdf j]f]hufsf] tYofIacute lxt yfgLo txsf] cfwfet tYofIacute FDefJo
k|fs[lts eflts fFs[lts gtf]t fwgsf] tYofIacuteLo clen]v rgf tyf k|ljlwoQm tYofIacute JojyfkgnfO
yfgLo txsf] sfo If]q egL pNn]v u]sf] 5
o Gbedf fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] P]ltxfls k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig k|flKtsf] nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfn] gusf]
jtut ljj0fdf cfwfdf xL of]hgf thdf glthf cgudg tyf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu cfjZos cfwfet
ljj0f +sng ug] pknAw |f]t fwgsf] dlrt pkof]u lglZrt ug] pb]Zosf fy rgf k|ljlwdf
cfwflt jtut ljj0f tofL ugsf fy gusf] kfrjif] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug] f]rsf fy of]
aeligfd]5fk gusf] jtut ljj0f tyf kfFrjif] 0fgLlts of]hgf )ampAElig gfds kltsf k|sfzg ug nfluPsf]
5 k|tt kltsfn] gukflnsfsf] atut ljj0f gtf]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]0fgLlts of]hgf gu j8f
tyf jtLaf6 k|fKt of]hgfxnfO d]l6sf] 5 eg] ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gu ljsfsf] nflu
cfjZos gSf tYodividetYof+sxsf] cefj eOx]sf] Gbedf o gu jtut ljj0fn] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu
cfwf k|bfg ug] tyf kfrjif] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] of]hgfa4 ljsfsf] cfwf lbg] ck]Iff fv]sf] 5
cGTodf o kltsf tofLsf nflu xof]u Nnfx emfj lbg xg] Dk0f gu sfokflnsf bo
guef box j fhglts bnsf k|dv tyf k|ltlglwx sdrfLx dt guafL of] kltsf tof
ug xof]u ug] o gukflnsf j8f g++= lyt fdksf fdflhs +yf gtL rf3] ]jf ldltnfO ljz]if
wGoafb lbg rfxG5
============================== g axfb yfkf du
gu k|dv
wwwramechhapmungovnp Email ramechhapmungmailcom
kmf]g g+= Mndash )$mdash$))amp -k|dv_ )$mdash$)) -pkk|dv_
)$mdash$))^ -k|=k|=clws[t_ kmofSg+=Mndash )$mdash$)))
k=+=M r=g+=M ldltM =================================
bO zAb
)amp)^
s[t1tf 1fkg
+3Lo +rgfdf jkdf ul7t fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfn] gfulssf] OR5f cfsf+Iff kf ug] btfj]hsf] kdf k|tt gu jtut ljj0f tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug] dxTjk0f P]ltxfls lhDd]jfLsf nflu k|fljlws xof]u xhLs0fsf lglDt gtL rf3] ]jf ldltnfO k|bfg u]sf]df gu k|lt xflbs cfef tyf s[t1tf k|s6 ug rfxG5 o dxTjk0f cjsf nflu gu k|dv gtL gaxfb yfkfdu Ho pk k|dv gtL lhgf v8sf HosfosfL k|dv gtL OZjfh bfxfn Ho j8f g+= bl]v ( Ddsf j8f cWoIfHox qmdzM gtL gaxfb yfkf gtL lgaxfb gt]i7 gtL ekfnfh gt]i7 gtL 6k]Gb| tfdfordf gtL eLdaxfb tdfordf gtL wgaxfb v8sf gtL dL sfsL gtL s]bf sfsL gtL rGb|axfb gt]i7 gu sfokflnsfsf Dk0f box j8fsf boHox nufot cfd gujfL hgdbfox k|lt cfef k|s6 ub k|fKt xof]u emfj s[o xeflutfsf] nfuL s[t1tf AoQm ug rfxfG5
o jtut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_ tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] vfsf lgdf0fsf nflu cfndashcfkmgf] tkmaf6 xof]u ugxg] fli6laquoo of]hgf cfof]usf kj pkfWoIf gtL hubLzrGb| kf]v]n pBf]u jg tyf jftfj0f dGqfno k|b]z g+= sf jli7 hnfwf Jojyfkg clws[t gtL z]jxfb gt]i7 -gujfL_ jftfj0f tyf cyljb 8f= fh]z fO -gujfL_ nfdf] do lzIff ]jfdf sfot lzIff dGqfnosf pkndashlrj gtL fwfs[i0f l3ld] -gujfL_ zxLb d[lt axdvL SofDk dGynLsf kj k|frfo gtL uGhjxfb gt]i7 jfYo If]qsf cleoGtf 8f= dg sdfrfo -gujfL_ nufot fhgLlts bnsf k|dv tyf k|ltlglwx nId0f sdf l3ld] f]zg kflv|g sdnlaqmd sfsL df]tLnfn tfdfordf ljifout sfofno ljifout ldltsf box dlxnf box blnt hghftL dbfosf k|ltlglwx fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf gu dxf+3sf k|ltlglwx dfh]jL jl4lhjL kqfsf +~rfsdL sfL tyf usfL +yf ljBfno fdflhs +3ndash+yf k|lt klg xflbs cfef JoQm ug rfxG5
ouL dxTjk0f P]ltxfls sfodf k|fljlws xof]uLsf] eldsf lgjfx ug xg] eueljb 8f=k|bLk kf8n cyljb Pjd+ lhlj dxf+3sf kj dxflrj 8f= z]ifd0f Gofkfg] e rgf k|ljlw lj1 gtL lgf]h ltdlNgf rgf Aojyfkg tyf TfYof+s ljZn]ifs gtL fhsdf ldfn yfgLo ljsf DjGwL cgelj gtL hLjgfy kf]v]n tyf tYof+s Aojyfks gtL gjfh gt]i7 Hoxsf] cfcfkmgf] If]qsf] dxTjk0f lhDd]jfL eldsfsf] nflu sb ug rfxG5 o uL du| klof]hgfsf] +of]hg ugxg] lbJob[li6 sGN6]GL k|f=ln= sf gtL lav If]qL lkmN8 +of]hg ugxg] gtL s0f lj=s= gtL sNkgf tfdfordf nufot k|ToIf kf]If kd xof]u ug xg] +yfsf kbflwsfLx ljz]if wGojfbsf kfq xgxG5
jtut ljj0f tofLsf] nflu 3wL j]If0f tyf tYofFs +sngdf dxTjk0f of]ubfgug xg] fd]5fk gukflnsf j8f g+ af6 zfbf sfsL lgdnf gt]i7 j8f g+ af6 Demgf jt]t g]q jxfb gt]i7 j8f g+ af6 pHjn 9sfn sf]lknf 9sfn j8f g+ $ af6 ljtf gjf Gh gt]i7 j8f g+ af6 ofdsdfL tfdfordf lbnsdfL tfdfordf j8f g+ ^ af6 lnnfjxfb du cGh tfdfordf j8f g+ amp af6 Ltf xfo fh ljqmd jg]t j8f g+ af6 d]z tfdfordf ldqf fodfemL j8f g+ ( af6 fhsdf gt]i7 bLks gt]i7 nufot cGo 6f]n tyf jtL e]nfdf xof]u ugxg] j k|lt xflbs cfef JoQm ug rfxfG5
cGTodf +3Lo +rgfdf gjul7t gukflnsfdf ljsf sfoqmdsf nfuL cfjZos eOx]sf] tYof+s f]sf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg of]hgfsf] vfsf tof ug k|tt gu atut ljj0f tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gu ljsfsf] nflu dxTjk0f eldsf v]Ng]5 eGg] o +yfn] ljZjf lnPsf] 5
======================== sf]dnbf gt]i7 sfosfL k|dv
gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk
ABBREVIATIONS
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women
BPFA Beijing Platform for Action
CRC Convention on Rights of Child
CRPD Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
CSS Shree Charghare Sewa Samiti
CHURDEP Community Human Resource Development Program
RBPW Rural Business Promoters Womans Groups (Ask )
TSS Tamakoshi Sewa Samiti
CDS Community Development Society
ICT Information and Communication Training
DHIS2 District Health Information system 2
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
GPS Global Positioning System
LRMP Land Resource Mapping Project
ljifo rL
cWofo M klro
== k[i7eld
== of]hgfsf] cflrTo
== of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
=$= of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
==0fgLlts of]hgf klro
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx $
=^== +awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx $
=^== lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals) $
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
=^=$= hnjfo kljtg cgsng
=^== afndqL yfgLo zfg ^
=amp= 0fgLlts of]hgfgLdf0f k|lqmof ^
== 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro (
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
== gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
== gu ljsfsf +Defjgfx $
== gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx amp
=$= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]gtf] jifsf] of]hgf
== jtdfgaf6 eljiolt ^
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
= bL3sfnLg f]r amp
= cfjlws nIo amp
= cfjlws p2]Zo amp
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt amp
== sfogLlt tyf k|dv
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f (
=== ko6g k|jwg
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
==$= lzIff If]q $
=== jfYo If]q
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
$== cflys ljsf ^
$== fdflhs ljsf $
$== kjfwf ljsf ^)
$=$= jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg ^amp
$== Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx amp
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf amp(
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg )
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
=^= of]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs0fsf cfwf
=amp= ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf (
^= k|dv sfoqmdx (
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx (
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp== ]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf (
amp== gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf (
amp== f]sfjfnf tyf edLsf ljZn]if0f (
amp=$= zfg tyf kfblztf )
amp== kfblztf )(
klR5]b M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
== cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg ^
= cgGwfg ljsf ^
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf DefJo If]qx amp
cgrL Vvf If]q Aojyfkg gLlt
cgrL ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
cgrL $ fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]rkq )amp
cgrL fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
cgrL ^ gusf] endashpkof]u f]rkq $
cgrL amp Pls[t atL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff $^
Gbe fdu|Lx $
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
s[t1tf 1fkg
+3Lo +rgfdf jkdf ul7t fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfn] gfulssf] OR5f cfsf+Iff kf ug] btfj]hsf] kdf k|tt gu jtut ljj0f tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug] dxTjk0f P]ltxfls lhDd]jfLsf nflu k|fljlws xof]u xhLs0fsf lglDt gtL rf3] ]jf ldltnfO k|bfg u]sf]df gu k|lt xflbs cfef tyf s[t1tf k|s6 ug rfxG5 o dxTjk0f cjsf nflu gu k|dv gtL gaxfb yfkfdu Ho pk k|dv gtL lhgf v8sf HosfosfL k|dv gtL OZjfh bfxfn Ho j8f g+= bl]v ( Ddsf j8f cWoIfHox qmdzM gtL gaxfb yfkf gtL lgaxfb gt]i7 gtL ekfnfh gt]i7 gtL 6k]Gb| tfdfordf gtL eLdaxfb tdfordf gtL wgaxfb v8sf gtL dL sfsL gtL s]bf sfsL gtL rGb|axfb gt]i7 gu sfokflnsfsf Dk0f box j8fsf boHox nufot cfd gujfL hgdbfox k|lt cfef k|s6 ub k|fKt xof]u emfj s[o xeflutfsf] nfuL s[t1tf AoQm ug rfxfG5
o jtut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_ tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] vfsf lgdf0fsf nflu cfndashcfkmgf] tkmaf6 xof]u ugxg] fli6laquoo of]hgf cfof]usf kj pkfWoIf gtL hubLzrGb| kf]v]n pBf]u jg tyf jftfj0f dGqfno k|b]z g+= sf jli7 hnfwf Jojyfkg clws[t gtL z]jxfb gt]i7 -gujfL_ jftfj0f tyf cyljb 8f= fh]z fO -gujfL_ nfdf] do lzIff ]jfdf sfot lzIff dGqfnosf pkndashlrj gtL fwfs[i0f l3ld] -gujfL_ zxLb d[lt axdvL SofDk dGynLsf kj k|frfo gtL uGhjxfb gt]i7 jfYo If]qsf cleoGtf 8f= dg sdfrfo -gujfL_ nufot fhgLlts bnsf k|dv tyf k|ltlglwx nId0f sdf l3ld] f]zg kflv|g sdnlaqmd sfsL df]tLnfn tfdfordf ljifout sfofno ljifout ldltsf box dlxnf box blnt hghftL dbfosf k|ltlglwx fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf gu dxf+3sf k|ltlglwx dfh]jL jl4lhjL kqfsf +~rfsdL sfL tyf usfL +yf ljBfno fdflhs +3ndash+yf k|lt klg xflbs cfef JoQm ug rfxG5
ouL dxTjk0f P]ltxfls sfodf k|fljlws xof]uLsf] eldsf lgjfx ug xg] eueljb 8f=k|bLk kf8n cyljb Pjd+ lhlj dxf+3sf kj dxflrj 8f= z]ifd0f Gofkfg] e rgf k|ljlw lj1 gtL lgf]h ltdlNgf rgf Aojyfkg tyf TfYof+s ljZn]ifs gtL fhsdf ldfn yfgLo ljsf DjGwL cgelj gtL hLjgfy kf]v]n tyf tYof+s Aojyfks gtL gjfh gt]i7 Hoxsf] cfcfkmgf] If]qsf] dxTjk0f lhDd]jfL eldsfsf] nflu sb ug rfxG5 o uL du| klof]hgfsf] +of]hg ugxg] lbJob[li6 sGN6]GL k|f=ln= sf gtL lav If]qL lkmN8 +of]hg ugxg] gtL s0f lj=s= gtL sNkgf tfdfordf nufot k|ToIf kf]If kd xof]u ug xg] +yfsf kbflwsfLx ljz]if wGojfbsf kfq xgxG5
jtut ljj0f tofLsf] nflu 3wL j]If0f tyf tYofFs +sngdf dxTjk0f of]ubfgug xg] fd]5fk gukflnsf j8f g+ af6 zfbf sfsL lgdnf gt]i7 j8f g+ af6 Demgf jt]t g]q jxfb gt]i7 j8f g+ af6 pHjn 9sfn sf]lknf 9sfn j8f g+ $ af6 ljtf gjf Gh gt]i7 j8f g+ af6 ofdsdfL tfdfordf lbnsdfL tfdfordf j8f g+ ^ af6 lnnfjxfb du cGh tfdfordf j8f g+ amp af6 Ltf xfo fh ljqmd jg]t j8f g+ af6 d]z tfdfordf ldqf fodfemL j8f g+ ( af6 fhsdf gt]i7 bLks gt]i7 nufot cGo 6f]n tyf jtL e]nfdf xof]u ugxg] j k|lt xflbs cfef JoQm ug rfxfG5
cGTodf +3Lo +rgfdf gjul7t gukflnsfdf ljsf sfoqmdsf nfuL cfjZos eOx]sf] tYof+s f]sf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg of]hgfsf] vfsf tof ug k|tt gu atut ljj0f tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gu ljsfsf] nflu dxTjk0f eldsf v]Ng]5 eGg] o +yfn] ljZjf lnPsf] 5
======================== sf]dnbf gt]i7 sfosfL k|dv
gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk
ABBREVIATIONS
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women
BPFA Beijing Platform for Action
CRC Convention on Rights of Child
CRPD Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
CSS Shree Charghare Sewa Samiti
CHURDEP Community Human Resource Development Program
RBPW Rural Business Promoters Womans Groups (Ask )
TSS Tamakoshi Sewa Samiti
CDS Community Development Society
ICT Information and Communication Training
DHIS2 District Health Information system 2
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
GPS Global Positioning System
LRMP Land Resource Mapping Project
ljifo rL
cWofo M klro
== k[i7eld
== of]hgfsf] cflrTo
== of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
=$= of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
==0fgLlts of]hgf klro
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx $
=^== +awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx $
=^== lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals) $
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
=^=$= hnjfo kljtg cgsng
=^== afndqL yfgLo zfg ^
=amp= 0fgLlts of]hgfgLdf0f k|lqmof ^
== 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro (
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
== gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
== gu ljsfsf +Defjgfx $
== gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx amp
=$= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]gtf] jifsf] of]hgf
== jtdfgaf6 eljiolt ^
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
= bL3sfnLg f]r amp
= cfjlws nIo amp
= cfjlws p2]Zo amp
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt amp
== sfogLlt tyf k|dv
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f (
=== ko6g k|jwg
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
==$= lzIff If]q $
=== jfYo If]q
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
$== cflys ljsf ^
$== fdflhs ljsf $
$== kjfwf ljsf ^)
$=$= jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg ^amp
$== Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx amp
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf amp(
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg )
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
=^= of]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs0fsf cfwf
=amp= ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf (
^= k|dv sfoqmdx (
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx (
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp== ]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf (
amp== gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf (
amp== f]sfjfnf tyf edLsf ljZn]if0f (
amp=$= zfg tyf kfblztf )
amp== kfblztf )(
klR5]b M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
== cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg ^
= cgGwfg ljsf ^
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf DefJo If]qx amp
cgrL Vvf If]q Aojyfkg gLlt
cgrL ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
cgrL $ fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]rkq )amp
cgrL fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
cgrL ^ gusf] endashpkof]u f]rkq $
cgrL amp Pls[t atL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff $^
Gbe fdu|Lx $
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
ABBREVIATIONS
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women
BPFA Beijing Platform for Action
CRC Convention on Rights of Child
CRPD Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
CSS Shree Charghare Sewa Samiti
CHURDEP Community Human Resource Development Program
RBPW Rural Business Promoters Womans Groups (Ask )
TSS Tamakoshi Sewa Samiti
CDS Community Development Society
ICT Information and Communication Training
DHIS2 District Health Information system 2
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
GPS Global Positioning System
LRMP Land Resource Mapping Project
ljifo rL
cWofo M klro
== k[i7eld
== of]hgfsf] cflrTo
== of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
=$= of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
==0fgLlts of]hgf klro
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx $
=^== +awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx $
=^== lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals) $
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
=^=$= hnjfo kljtg cgsng
=^== afndqL yfgLo zfg ^
=amp= 0fgLlts of]hgfgLdf0f k|lqmof ^
== 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro (
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
== gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
== gu ljsfsf +Defjgfx $
== gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx amp
=$= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]gtf] jifsf] of]hgf
== jtdfgaf6 eljiolt ^
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
= bL3sfnLg f]r amp
= cfjlws nIo amp
= cfjlws p2]Zo amp
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt amp
== sfogLlt tyf k|dv
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f (
=== ko6g k|jwg
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
==$= lzIff If]q $
=== jfYo If]q
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
$== cflys ljsf ^
$== fdflhs ljsf $
$== kjfwf ljsf ^)
$=$= jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg ^amp
$== Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx amp
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf amp(
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg )
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
=^= of]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs0fsf cfwf
=amp= ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf (
^= k|dv sfoqmdx (
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx (
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp== ]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf (
amp== gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf (
amp== f]sfjfnf tyf edLsf ljZn]if0f (
amp=$= zfg tyf kfblztf )
amp== kfblztf )(
klR5]b M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
== cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg ^
= cgGwfg ljsf ^
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf DefJo If]qx amp
cgrL Vvf If]q Aojyfkg gLlt
cgrL ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
cgrL $ fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]rkq )amp
cgrL fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
cgrL ^ gusf] endashpkof]u f]rkq $
cgrL amp Pls[t atL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff $^
Gbe fdu|Lx $
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
ljifo rL
cWofo M klro
== k[i7eld
== of]hgfsf] cflrTo
== of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
=$= of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
==0fgLlts of]hgf klro
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx $
=^== +awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx $
=^== lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals) $
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
=^=$= hnjfo kljtg cgsng
=^== afndqL yfgLo zfg ^
=amp= 0fgLlts of]hgfgLdf0f k|lqmof ^
== 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro (
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
== gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
== gu ljsfsf +Defjgfx $
== gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx amp
=$= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]gtf] jifsf] of]hgf
== jtdfgaf6 eljiolt ^
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
= bL3sfnLg f]r amp
= cfjlws nIo amp
= cfjlws p2]Zo amp
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt amp
== sfogLlt tyf k|dv
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f (
=== ko6g k|jwg
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
==$= lzIff If]q $
=== jfYo If]q
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
$== cflys ljsf ^
$== fdflhs ljsf $
$== kjfwf ljsf ^)
$=$= jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg ^amp
$== Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx amp
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf amp(
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg )
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
=^= of]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs0fsf cfwf
=amp= ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf (
^= k|dv sfoqmdx (
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx (
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp== ]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf (
amp== gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf (
amp== f]sfjfnf tyf edLsf ljZn]if0f (
amp=$= zfg tyf kfblztf )
amp== kfblztf )(
klR5]b M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
== cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg ^
= cgGwfg ljsf ^
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf DefJo If]qx amp
cgrL Vvf If]q Aojyfkg gLlt
cgrL ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
cgrL $ fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]rkq )amp
cgrL fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
cgrL ^ gusf] endashpkof]u f]rkq $
cgrL amp Pls[t atL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff $^
Gbe fdu|Lx $
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
== sfogLlt tyf k|dv
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f (
=== ko6g k|jwg
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
==$= lzIff If]q $
=== jfYo If]q
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
$== cflys ljsf ^
$== fdflhs ljsf $
$== kjfwf ljsf ^)
$=$= jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg ^amp
$== Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx amp
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf amp(
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg )
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
=^= of]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs0fsf cfwf
=amp= ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf (
^= k|dv sfoqmdx (
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx (
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp== ]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf (
amp== gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf (
amp== f]sfjfnf tyf edLsf ljZn]if0f (
amp=$= zfg tyf kfblztf )
amp== kfblztf )(
klR5]b M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
== cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg ^
= cgGwfg ljsf ^
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf DefJo If]qx amp
cgrL Vvf If]q Aojyfkg gLlt
cgrL ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
cgrL $ fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]rkq )amp
cgrL fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
cgrL ^ gusf] endashpkof]u f]rkq $
cgrL amp Pls[t atL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff $^
Gbe fdu|Lx $
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
amp== f]sfjfnf tyf edLsf ljZn]if0f (
amp=$= zfg tyf kfblztf )
amp== kfblztf )(
klR5]b M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
== cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg ^
= cgGwfg ljsf ^
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf DefJo If]qx amp
cgrL Vvf If]q Aojyfkg gLlt
cgrL ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
cgrL $ fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]rkq )amp
cgrL fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
cgrL ^ gusf] endashpkof]u f]rkq $
cgrL amp Pls[t atL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff $^
Gbe fdu|Lx $
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
btfj]h M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf )amp
jflwsf M fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] sfofno fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
of]hgf lgdf0f xhLs0f M gtL rf3] ]jf ldlt fd]5fk g=kf= fdk
cflys k|fljlws xof]u M fd]5fk gukflnsf fd]5fk k|b]z g]kfn
+s0f M kfif )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
1 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M klro
= k[i7eld
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] ordf3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf ordf3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozlQmsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo txsf sfsf] ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgsf nflu yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ d]t hfL uL nfu eOs]sf] cjyf 5 pQm P]gsf] klR5]b
^ cGtut bkmf $ df ufplsquokflnsf jf gukflnsfn] cfkm gf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf
yflgo tsf] ljsfsf] nflu cfalws 0fgLlts ljifo If]qut dWosflng tyf lb3sflng
ljsf of]hgf agfO nfu ug kg] k|fjwfg x]sf] 5 pQm k|fjwfg cgf gusf du|
kIfnfO d]6L gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof uL Tosf cfwfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf
sfoqmd thdf uL ljsf sfo +rfng ugsf] nflu of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof kflPsf] xf]
o of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf lbuf] ljsf nIosf] cjwL d]tnfO Wofgdf fVb gukflnsfsf]
jifsf] nflu bL3sflng f]r flv jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= of]hgfsf] cflrTo
g]kfndf ljutdf yflgo lgsfosf] ljsfsf lglDt w] k|ofx eP ljleGg df]8naf6
gusf cfjlws of]hgfx ag] of]hgfx t ag] t gu0o dfq sfofGjog ePsf b]lvG5g
sfofGjog gxgsf] dVo sf0f dWo] of]hgf thdf ug] k4lt xf] w]hf] of]hgfx jflxL
xof]udf gu aflxsf ldLt dosf] nflu cfpg] kfdzbftfxaf6 l4lto gtf]tsf
tYofIacutesdf cfwflt x] agfOg] rng 5 hn] ubf yfgLo tdf g vf dof s] xf]
yflgo tdf Tosf] pkoQm dfwfg sL xGf Snf eg] of]hgfn] d]6g s]g of]hgf
klg vf sfofGjog xg s]g pQm sfnfO dgg ub o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf fd]5fk
gusf] cfkmg gtf]t fwgdf gu gu leqaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmxsf] cu|tf tyf
sfokflnsfsf boxsf] cujfOdf j8f tyf jtLt Dd u of]hgf tofL ug] hdsf]
ulPsf] 5 eg] yflgo hgdbfon] aemg] n efiffOsfO tyf dfkb08x fVg] k|of
ulPsf] 5 o of]hgf cGtut bL3sfnLg kdf gunfO stftkm nUg] xf] egL Pp6f lglZrt
f]r agfO gusf k|dv dofnfO +Daf]wg xg] uL jifsf] cNksflng of]hgf agfOPsf]
5
osf] cnfjf ljutdf ePsf cfjlws of]hgfx w]hf] eflts kjfwfdf s]lGb|t lyP
lzIff jfYo cflys d[l4 cflb htf fdflhs cflys kIfxnfO tL of]hgfxn]
tngfTds kdf sd d]6]sf] b]lv+GYof] log sdhf]LxnfO d]6] o 0fgLlts of]hgfn]
eflts dfq geO fdflhs cflys ljlQo tyf +yfut htf ljsfsf lglDt cTofjZos
ljifoatnfO klg d]6g] k|of u]sf] 5
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
2 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= of]hgf lgdf0fsf] p2]Zo
xfnsf] kg+rgf cgf u7g ePsf] yflgo txsf] sfsf] cfjlws 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] 566 lgb]lzsf cfO gs]sf] Gbedf ljBdfg gLltsfos|dsfoIf]q tyf fljs
yfgLo ljsf dGqfnosf] cfjlws of]hgf thdf lgb]lzsf )( sf] ljifo atx d]tnfO
kljltt Gbedf pkof]u ub of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgf
jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5 odf gusf] cflys fdflhs fFs[lts tyf eflts ljsfsf nflu bL3sfnLg
f]r lgwf0f uL f] nIo p2]Zox k|fKt ug jif cjlwsf nflu nIo p2]Zox lgwf0f
ulPsf] 5 osf] lgDg p4]Zox x]sf 5g
s_ g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n]
k|bfg u]sf] clwsf If]q leqsf] ljifodf jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
v_ eflts fdflhs jftfj0fLo Jojyfkg cflys ljQLo +yfut ljsf Pj+ gusf]
jflEuml0f ljsfsf] p2]Zo tbgksf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfoqmdx ah]6 lgwf0f
tyf f]sfjfnfx (Stakeholders) sf] klxrfgnfO d]t d]6L of]hgf tof ug
=$ of]hgfj4 ljsfsf] fli6laquoo yfgLo klj]z
lj=+= ) fnaf6 z ePsf] g]kfnsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf k|lqmofsf] 5 bzs k f
es]sf] 5 oaLrdf b]zn] tL jif] k~rfnotsfn f]x| jif] k|hftflGqs sfn afx|
jif] u0ftflGqs sfn kf eO +3Lo zfg nfu ePsf] ev klxnf] jif kf ePsf] 5
u0ftflGqs Jojyf cfpgcl3 b]zn] Ps bzs nfdf] aringGaringlxt tLg jif nfdf] +s6sfn klg
ef]u]sf] lyof] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 klg +3Lo zfg nfu xg km]l Ps bzs nfUof]
ljsfsf] 6]8f]d]8f] +3ifk0f of] ofqfn] b]znfO w] jfnxsf] kf7 lsfOs]sf] 5 osf]
dn lzIff eg]sf] dfj]zL dtfdns k|ljlwoSt ljsf g xf] +3Lo sf k|b]z sf
yfgLo sf b]zn] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf] ljsfsf cGtfli6laquoo cfwfx lbuf] ljsfsf
nIod]tnfO dWoghdf fvL k|tt cfjlws of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
ljBdfg Gbedf ljsfsf] fli6laquoo k|fyldstf fdflhs Gofolxtsf] cflys d[l4 xf]
g]kfnn] cGtfli6laquoo k|ltj4tf hgfPcgf +oSt fi6laquo+3n] cjnDag u]sf] lbuf] ljsf
nIo )) adf]lhd g]kfnn] cfkmgf] of]hgfdf amp j6f ljsf If]qsf rsx c+uLsf u]sf]
5 tL d]tnfO cfwf lnO +3Lo sfn] to u]sf ljsf k|fyldstf tyf 0fgLlt
cfjlws nIoxnfO cfwf dfgL gukflnsfn] cfkmgf] guIf]qsf] ljsfsf] cfjlws ljsfsf]
vfsf tof u]sf] 5
3 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] wffamp-$_ n] yfgLo sfnfO fHozlStsf] k|of]u ug] 7f]
clwsfx k|bfg u]sf] 5 o cGtut yfgLo sfn] ljsfsf nflu ugkg] sfdxsf]
bfof w] ljtf ePsf] 5 osf fy yfgLo sf k|b]z +3aLrsf clwsfxsf]
afF8kmf8 klg u]sf] 5 +ljwfsf] efu amp (n] yfgLo sfokflnsf Jojyflksf
cflys sfok|0ffnLsf]] Jojyf uL yfgLo sfsf] sfoJojyfnfO lgb]lzt u]sf] 5 yfgLo
tx Ps Totf] yflgo sf xf] hdf efuf]lns PsfOsf] kdf ufpF tyf gukflnsf
yfgLo sfosfL +oGqsf] kdf gusfokflnsf yfgLo JojyfksLo +oGqsf] kdf gu
ef xG5 fy ufpFkflnsf gukflnsfxaLr dGjo sfod ug lhNnf ef lhNnf
dGjo ldltsf] Jojyf x]sf] 5
dntM yfgLo txsf clwsf dflyNnf] txsf clwsf tyf lhDd]jfLDaGwL of]hgfd]t
Daf]wg xg] uL of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ulPsf] 5
= 0fgLlts of]hgf klro
of] 0fgLlts of]hgf gusf] xfnsf] cjyf tyf gu ljsfsf] efjL uGtJosf] b[i6fGt
lbg]] Pp6ff]r kq xf] on] jtdfg cjyf eljZodf b]Vg rfx]sf] cjyfsf] jLrsf] vf8n
(Gap_ klxNofpb d[4 fd]5fksf] rfxgfkf ug lng kg] gLlt 0fgLlt sfogLlt tyf
sfos||dxsf] sfolbzf lbg] k|of u]sf] 5 dflysf] p4]Zo v08df egLP em of] 0fgLlts
of]hgf jif] dWosflng cfljlws of]hgf g xf] of] of]hgf lgdf0fsf] dodf g]kfndf ljlQo
Aofjyfkgf+u7flgs k|zflgs kg+rgfn] k0ftf kfO gsL cfGtld Aofjyfkg cgf
klrflnt xg kg] cjyf x]sf] Gbedf +ljwfgsf] cglr adf]lhdsf clwsfxsf]
af8kmf8j[t[lts0f k|ltj]bg tyf yflgo sf ~rfng P]gn] lbPsf bfloTjx kf ug]
tyf gunfO d[l4 tkm 8f]yenofpg] pkfoxsf] +ufnf]sf] kdf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof
kflPsf] 5
gusf] ljsfsf nflu nfdf] dob]lv k|ltIfft hgtfsf cg]sf+ OR5fcfsf+5f dfux
tyf fjhlgs dxTjsf sfox w] x]sf] t Tosf] Jojyfkgsf nflu yk| Aofjyfklso
rgftLx x]sf 5g ev yfkgf ePsf] gukflnsfdf gusf] efuf]lns If]q clwsf If]q
gusf] f+u7flgs jk k|zflgs +oGq tyf g]t[Tjnufotsf w] +rgfx lgdf0fflwg
x]sf]] cjyf tL dfux Jojlyt Daf]wgsf nflugu sfokflnsfn] Pp6fhglgjflrt
yflgo sfsf] xlotdf bL3sfnLg 9fFrfsf] tsj4 of]hgfsf] cfjZoStf dx u]sf]
otf] of]hgf gusf] sfggL bfloTj klg ePsf]n] f] cgfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ug]
lg0focgf of] 0fgLlts of]hgf tof ePsf] xf]
k|tt of]hgfn] gukflnsfsf] ljBdfg jtlyltsf] cfwfdf cfufdL kfFr jifsf] ljsf
dfubzg cjnDag u]sf] 5 of] 0fgLlts of]hgfdf rf v08x x]sf] 5 klxnf] v08df
gu atut ljj0f -gu k|f]kmfon_bf]gtf]df |f]t gSfxsf] +ufnf]t]gtf]df 0fgLlts of]hgf
rfyfdf ah]t sfos|d -sfoof]hgf_ x]sf] 5guatut ljj0f tofLsf nflu 3wL
j]If0f |f]t j]If0f tyf gSf+sg ljleGg sfL lgsfoxaf6 k|sflzt tyf +u|lxt |f]t
4 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ulPsf] of]hgf thdftkm atL j8f ljifout sfofno tyf gukflnsfsf]
ljifout ldltxaLr gt[+vnfj4 5nkmn uL cGtdf gu sfokflnsf tLo a7saf6 kflt
ulPsf] xf]
of] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf nflu dntM dfj]zL dtfdns
k|ljlwoSt ljsf cjnDag ug] cjwf0ff lnPsf] 5 h cGtut ljsfdf a ju k]zf
euf]n hflt ln+u cjyfsf JolStxsf] xeflutf kxFr j[l4 ug] tyf k|ljlwtkm ljz]iftM
s[lif kzkfng vfg]kfgL rgf k|ljlwsf] kxFr j[l4 ug] cjwf0ff x]sf] 5
k|tt of]hgfsf] cjlw cf=j= )amp)amp^ b]lv )amp()) Dd kfFr jifsf] x]sf] 5
=^= of]hgf lgdf0fsf cfwfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf ljleGg sfggL tyf gLltut cfwfxg]kfn
kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo dxflGwDemftfx Pj+ fHosf bfloTjxnfO cfwf lnOPsf 5g lt
cfwfxsf] +lIfKt ljj0f o pkv08df ulPsf] 5
=^==+awflgs tyf sfggL cfwfx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] +3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dn +rgf +3 k|b]z
yfgLo tx uL tLg txsf] xg] fHozQmLsf] k|of]u tLg txn] +ljwfg sfgg adf]lhd
ug] Jojyf u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] wff amp sf] pkwff -$_ wff $ sf] pkwff -_ wff
sf] pkwff -_ wff ^ sf] pkwff -_ cgf yfgLo txsf] clwsfsf] rL cgrL
adf]lhd xg] Aofjyf u]sf] 5 o Gbedf g]kfn sfn] ldlt )amp$^( ut] yfgLo
sf ~rfng P]g)amp$ hfL uL nfu u]sf] cfjyf 5 f] P]gn] gukflnsfnfO Psn
clwsf cGtut j6f +3 k|b]z sfggsf] clwgdf xL j6f osf cltlQm ~rf
oftfoft ]jfsf] d]t lhDd]jfL lbPsf] 5 pQm P]gsf] bkmf $ df gukflnsfn] cfkmgf]
clwsf If]qsf ljifodf yfgLo tsf] ljsfsf nflu 0fgLltsaflifs0fgLlts laifo If]qut
dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf If]qsf] of]hgf agfO nfu ug] JojYff 5
To uLyfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$-kldflht_ n] yfgLo
txnfO cfndashcfˆgf] If]qsf] jflifs 0fgLlts tyf 0fgLlts bL3sflng of]hgfx tof ug]
sfofGjog ug] cgudg ug] lhDd]jfL k|bfg u]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn sfsf] cfjlws of]hgfx
cGtut rfn rfwf of]hgfn] ljleGg If]qut nIo p4]Zox to u]sf 5g pQm lbUbzg
tyf of]hgfxnfO d]t gLltut cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^==lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)
+oQm fi6laquo +3sf] fwf0f efn] ut g ) sf] ]K6]Dj dlxgfdf g )^ b]lv
)) Dddf lbuf] ljsfsf amp j6f nIo ^( j6f pknIox kflt u]sf] lyof] To
nIodf g]kfnn] klg k|ltj4tf hfx] u]sf] 5 of] lbuf] ljsf nIo (SDG Goals)g]kfn
sfsf] lb3sflng nIo klg x]sf] Gbedf j8f tyf jtL e]nfaf6 0fgLlts of]hgf
tofLsf] vfsf lgdf0f ubf oL nIoxnfO klg cfwf agfOPsf] lyof] oL nIoxnfO tnsf]
5 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lrqdf b]vfOP em dnt tLgj6f kIfx-jftfjl0fo kIffdflhs kIf cflys kIf_df
dxs[txg] uL oyfSo Tosf rsxnfO d]t cfwf dfgL of]hgf lgdf0fdf xhLs0f
ulPsf] lyof] g]kfn sfsf] lb3sflng nIo kf ug] Gbedf o of]hgfn] f] nIo kf
ug] jfndf yflgo txsf] of]hgfsf] vfsf k|bfg ug] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
lrq M lbuf] ljsf nIox tyf of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwf
=^== n+lus tyf fdflhs dfj]lzs0f
fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf
blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ^) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls
ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn]
lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu +ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf
lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg] kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO
lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf]
lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf -
dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf
sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf]
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf]
cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] 5
=^=$=hnjfo kljtg cgsng
hnjfo kljtgsf] rgflt fdgf ug tyf Tosf k|efjx Fu cgslnt xg g]kfn
sfn] hnjfo kljtg gLlt )^amp hnjfo kljtg fli6|o cgsng sfoof]hgf -gfkf_
)^amp Pj+ yfgLo cgsng sfoof]hgf -nfkf_ sf] fli6laquoo sfoof]hgfsf] +rgf d]t tof
6 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
uL yfgLo tsf] cgsngnfO k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 ljZjJofkL kd hnjfo kljtgn]
Jofks rrf kfOx]sf] jtdfg Gbedf o gudf d]t hnjfo kljtgsf nIf0f tyf
k|efjx b]vf k]sf 5g hngtf]t If]qdf kfgL dxfgVVff v8]LpTkfbg If]qdf s[lif
pTkfbgjg If]qdf hljs ljljwtf ljZj tfks|d k|fs[lts fGbodf cfdfGo kljtg e
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gf j9L x]sf 5g of]hgf lgdf0fsf vfsfdf hnjfo kljtg cgsngsf
oL jfnxnfO cfwf agfOPsf] 5
=^==afndqL yfgLo zfg
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp n] afnclwsf Da4gsf w] kIfnfO dfj]z u]sf] 5
dflns xs cGtut wff ( df afnaflnsfsf] xsDaGwL b j6f pkwff 5g hdf
afnaflnsfnfO klxrfglxt gfdfs0f hGdbtfsf] xs kljf tyf fHoaf6 lzIff jfYo
kfngkf]if0f plrt ofxf v]nsb dgf]~hg tyf jfEumlL0f JolQmTj ljsfsf] xs xg]
afnxeflutf hf]lvdk0f sfodf nufpg gxg] afnljjfx ljleGg lsldsf bJojxf
zfLls tyf dfgls oftgf nufot usfggL cf]fkf ug gkfOg] cxfo cgfy
ckfEumltf ePsf aringGaringkLl8t ljyflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf x]sf afnaflnsfnfO fHoaf6 ljz]if +If0f
ljwf kfpg]htf +jwflgs xssf] Jojyf 5
afnclwsfsf] +If0f tyf +j4gsf nflu g]kfn sfn] ljutb]lv zfLls tyf
dfgls b08 hfo f]syfd tyf lgoGq0f afnljjfx f]syfd tyf GogLs0f afndqL yfgLo
lgsfo 3f]if0ff ljBfno zflGt If]q 3f]if0ff afnaflnsf a]rlavg tyf cf]fkf lgoGq0f
afngtd lgjf0f tyf GogLs0f 8s afnaflnsf dQm 8s cleofg hf]lvdk0f cjyfdf
x]sf afnaflnsf p2f tyf +If0f cleofghtf cleofgnfO ljleGg txdf ~rfng ub
cfPsf] 5 otf cleofgnfO o of]hgfdf lgGttf lbg] yk k0ftf k|bfg ug] gLlt tyf
sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf 5g
=amp=0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f k|lqmof
s= Gbe fdu|Lxsf] cWoog
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf qmddf cfjZos kg] xof]uL btfj]hxsf]
kdf g]kfnsf] +ljwfg yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g rfwf+ of]hgf fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws
of]hgf cGtsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g gukflnsfn] tof u]sf ljleGg P]g tyf of]hgfx
cWoog ljZn]if0f uL 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] cfjZos k|ZgfjnL of]hgf vfsf tof ulPsf] lyof]
v= klxnf] jifsf] dLIff
klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgfcl3 gu sfosfl0fL ldlt+u aL klxnf] jifsf] of]hgf tyf
k|ult dLIff ulPsf] lyof] klxnf] jifsf lsfOx bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgfdf sL k|ltlalDat eP
cfjlws of]hgfdf s] sfx sL dfj]z ug] eGg] ljifo klxrfg ulPsf] lyof]
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= kjtofL uf]i7L xdlt
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] Gbedf gu k|dv pkk|dv k|dv k|zfsLo clws[t
j8f cWoIfx ljifout sdrfLx gusf f]sfjfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx gusf] k|f]kmfon
tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f ug] kfdzbftf +yfsf ljifolj1xsf] 6f]nLlxtsf] xefuLtfdf
lbg] kjtofL uf]li7 ~rfng uL du| k|lqmof sfoof]hgfdfly xdlt lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
3= tYof+s +sng tyf ljZn]if0f
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf cfjZos ljleGg tYof+sx +sng
ugsf] nflu k|ltj8f hgfsf bn] u0fsx 5gf6 ulof] k|flDes r0fdf tYof+s +sngnfO
k|ljwL+u hf]8g] +u tYof+snfO lIft fVg d]t xof]u kUg] uL kmf]LS sn]S6 gfds km6jo
lgdf0f uL f]sf] k|of]usf] nflu kefOhxnfO tflnd +rfng uL kefOhxdfkmt
u0fsxnfO tflnd k|bfg uL lkmN8 v6fPkl5 DalGwt j8fsf u0fsx cfkmgf] sfoIf]q tf]lsPsf]
j8fsf] 33df uO kfljfls tYof+sx +sng ulPsf] lyof] cGo fdflhs tyf fdbflos
tYo+fsx klg ljleGg ljlwxsf] k|of]u uL fdbflos j]Ifsxaf6 +sng ulPsf] lyof] +slnt
3wL tyf kfljfls tYof+sxnfO kmf]lS sn]S6 km6jos xfotfn] ljZn]if0f uL k|f]kmfonsf]
lgb]lzsfcgf k|of]u ulPsf] 5
ordf ynut cjnf]sg
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0f tyf gusf] k|f]kmfon tofLsf] Gbedf fdbflos j]Ifs u0fs
tyf ljleGg If]qsf ljifolj1xn] klg gusf] ljleGg yfgxsf] ynut cjnf]sg ulPsf]
fdbflos j]sxn] k|fs[lts |f]t wflds yn tyf dxTjk0f b]jfnox fjhlgs dxTjsf
ljleGg Dkbfxsf] ynut cjnf]sg uL hfgsfL +sng ulPsf] 5
r= gSf tofL
k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] ljleGg rgf tyf hgfsfL lxtsf]
gSf tofLsf] nflu ynut cjnf]sg hfgsfx +usf] kfdz +u hL=cfO=P k|ljwLsf]
xfotfdf a k|sfsf |f]t gukflnsfsf] gSf tofL uLPsf] 5
5= klsNkgf uf]i7L
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf tofLsf] qmddf jkIfLo
f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf klsNkgf uf]i7L cfof]hgf ulPsf] lyof] uf]i7Ln] gusf] klsNkgf
cjyf ljZn]if0f ljsfsf k|fyldstfxsf] emfj lbPsf] lyof]
h= atL tyf j8ftLo e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] Gbedf of]hgfxsf +sngsf qmddf fljssf] j8f
afa Sn6 dfg] xfnsf] x]s j8fxdf divide j6f atL e]nf uL f] e]nf dfkmt 6f]n6f]nsf
cfjZostf a ljifoIf]q cgf +sng ulPsf] lyof] atL e]nfdf s]Dd x]s 3wLaf6
k|ltlglwTj xg]uL xefuL ufOPsf] lyof] j8ftLo e]nfdf j8fsf al4hLx lzIfs fhlgtLs
bnsf k|ltlgwLx nlIft jusf k|ltlgwLxnufot j8fsf f]sfjfnf asf] xeflutfdf
kfdzbftf +yfsf] xhLs0fdf j8ftLo e]nf DkGg ulPsf] lyof]
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
em= ljifout sfofno tyf +yfxsf] e]nf
gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgf tofL ug] lznlznfdf ljifout sfofno tyf usfL
+yfxsf] d]t xeflutf xg] uL k6s k6s dGjo a7s ~rfng ulPsf] lyof] f] j7sdf
x]s xefuLxaf6 +slnt emfjx of]hgf k|lqmofdf dfj]z ulPsf] lyof]
`= ljifolj1xsf] kfdz
gusf] k|f]kmfon tyf 0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] nflu cfjZostf cgf ljleGg If]qsf
ljifolj1xaf6 Nnfx tyf kfdz lnOOPsf] 5 hdWo] euelj1 s[lif tyf kz lj1 cy tyf
of]hgflj1 jg tyf jftfj0f lj1 lzIff jfYonufotsf If]qsf lj1x x]sf lyP
6= ljifout ldltsf] e]nf
0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf gukflnsfdf ePsf] j6f ljifout ldtLx+u k6s
k6s a7s tyf 5nkmn uL ljifout If]qfgfsf] of]hgfx 5sectf5sect lgdf0f ulPsf] lyof]
7= k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgf dofbf
gu k|f]kmfot tyf of]hgf tofLsf] nflu xhLs0f ulx]sf] kfdzbftf +yfn] tof
u]sf] k|f]kmfon tyf of]hgfsf] dofbfnfO clGtd k lbP k|sfzg ugkj gu sfokflnfsfsf]
kbflwsL bo tyf f]sfjfnxjLr Ps sfoqmdsf] cfof]hgf uL dofbf k]z tyf k|tt
ulPsf] lyof]
8= dofbf of]hgfdf emfj +sng wf
k]z ulPsf] dofbfdfly cfPsf] emfjsf] cfwfdf wf ugkg] sfxsf] +zf]wg uL
kgn]vg ulPsf] lyof]
9= clGtd k|ltj]bg tofL
wf ulPsf] dofbf ljBtLo ljj0fxnfO Jojlyt uL xf8skL tyf
km6skLlxtsf] clGtd k|ltj]bg tof ulPsf] lyof]
= 0fgLlts of]hgfsf ljz]iftfx
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo ljz]iftf lgDgcgf x]sf] 5M
s= of]hgfsf $ +u|x
o 0fgLlts of]hgfsf $ v08 x]sf 5g klxnf] v08 jtut ljj0f x]sf] 5 bf]|f]
v08df ljt[t |f]t gSfx x]sf 5g oL gSfx lk|G6 ljBtLo 9fFrfdf xg]5g tYof+s yk
ePkl5 gSf cBfjlws ug lsg]5 t]|f] v08 0fgLlts of]hgf x]sf] 5 odf gukflnsfsf]
klxnf] lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosfnsf] du| ljsfof]hgf x]sf] 5 rfyf] v08df 0fgLlts
of]hgfsf] cltlSt v08sf] kdf j8fut of]hgf ljj0fx dfj]z 5g
9 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= cfjlws sfoqmdM
gusf gjlgjflrt kbflwsfLxsf] cfjZoStf rfxgfnfO Daf]wg ug] uL o of]hgfdf
0fgLlts of]hgf 0fgLlts sfolbzfsf] cltlSt j8fut ljifout ljt[t sfoof]hgfd]t dfj]z
ulPsf] 5
u= ljBtLo rgf kxFrM
gusf x]s of]hgf ultljlw k|ultxsf] hfgsfL cfd gfuls tyf f]sfjfnfDd
kofpg tLaf6 emfjx +sng ug lsg] uL rgfxnfO df]afOn PlKns]g tyf j]efO6df
fVg] sfonfO k|fyldstfdf flvPsf] 5
3= 0fgLlts sfoqmdM
gusf] cflys d[l4lxtsf] du| If]qnfO g]t[Tj ug amp j6f If]qnfO cu|0fL sfoqmdsf]
kdf klxrfg ulPsf] 5 onfO cglr b]vL amp Dd cjwf0ff kqsf] kdf 566 fvLPsf] 5
log of]hgfxsf] s]Gb|ljGbdf 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog xg]5g
ordf= kljtgzLnM
k|tt klof]hgf gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 0fgLlts of]hgf ePsf]n] ljsfsf] cgejhGo cfwf
f] sf] cfwfdf bb[li6 0fgLlt tyf jojyfksLo kIfx zjftLr0fdf ePsf]n] o of]hgfnfO
x]s jifsf] jflifs efdf dLIff ug] Jojyf ulPsf] 5 bO jifkl5 dWofjlw dNof+sg uL
cfjlws nIo 0fgLlt sfoqmdsf k|fyldstfx +zf]wg ug lsg]5
=(= gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] klxnf] 3f]if0ff )amp d+l ^ df fd]5fk sfhf] cf]v|]gL uL
j6f ufljx ldnfP gukflnsf 3f]if0f ePsf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] k6s )amp fn kmfNu0f amp
ut]sf] fhkqjf6 yk j6f ufljx -fdk lxdu+Uff uf]7ufFp b]pfNfL fF36 _ d]6] xfnsf]
gukflnsf u7g ePsf] xf] hnfO ( j6f j8fdf ljefhg ulPsf] 5
of] gukflnsf lhNnfsf] j6f kflnsfdWo] kjL If]qdf kg] gukflnsf xf] hn] fljssf
j6f uflj d]6]sf] 5 gukflnsfsf] kjdf cf]vn9+uf blIf0fdf lGwnL klZrddf dGynL
gukflnsf pQdf dGynL gukflnsf tyf lnv tfdfsf]zL ufpFkflnsf x]sf] 5 gukflnsfdf
lhNnfsf] j eGbf xf]rf] yfg sf]nGhf]3f6 amp( dL b]vL jeGbf cUnf] yfg uf]7ufFp b]pfnLsf]
Ldfgf ynxL8fF8f x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] sn If]qkmn )=$ ju lsnf]dL6 x]sf] 5
gusf ( j6f j8fdf hDdf $amp) j6f atLx x]sf 5g sn 3wL +Vof ampamp hg+Vof
$) x]sf] 5 gukflnsf If]qsf] pFrfO amp( b]lv )($ dL= Dd kfOG5 eg] tfkqmd ) b]lv
l8u|LDd kfOG5 oxfF ljleGg k|sfsf wftxsf] Dejgf klg x]sf] b]lvG5 gukflnsfsf]
ljt[t klrofTds ljj0f k|f]kmfon v08df dfj]z 5
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M lylt gSf+sg
= gukflnsfsf] ljsf rsx
o pklzifsdf cflys ljsffdflhs ljsfzfg tyf +yfut ljsf htf
ljsfsf ljljw kIfx tyf pknAw eP Dd lbuf] ljsf nIosf rssf ljleGg kIfxdf gusf]
jtdfg cjyfsf] lrq0f tYof+lso kdf uLPsf] 5 on] ubf xfd|f] gusf] jtdfg cjyf lhNNff
tyf k|b]zt fi6laquoLot+u tngf ug lhnf] xg] ck]Iff ulPsf] 5
ljsfsf k|dv rsxnfO x]bf gukflnsfdf s[lif jg ljsfsf nflu eldsf] pknAwtf
dft[lzz jfYo a j8fdf af6f]sf] kxFr gusf a j8f sfofnoxsf] Jojyfkg jg If]qdf
kxFr tyf P]g lgodxsf] lgdf0f cflb ljifox tngfTds kdf alnof] b]lvPsf 5g eg] yfgLo
f]hufL zlIfs kjfwf tyf u0ftLotf lFrfO vfg]kfgL kSsL af6f] jghGo cflys ultljlw
cflb If]qx tngftds sdhf] b]lvPsf 5g alnof If]qxsf] k|j4g sdhf] If]qxsf] ljz]if
wf tyf anLs0f ug] uL gLlt tyf sfoqmd lgdf0f ulPsf] 5 gu atut ljj0f v08af6
tYof+s pnkAw ePsf s]xL If]qut cjyfxsf] ljj0f tflnsf df flvPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] If]qut ljsfsf rsx -cf=j=)amp$amp_
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
cflys ljsf
11 s[lif tyf vfB Iff
111 gub] afnL pTkfbg d]=6g= =)^ - 112 bnxg afnL d]=6g= ^=amp - 113 kmnkmn -hgf Gtnf cGo_ d]=6g= ^amp=$( amp=$
114 sn cfodf s[lif If]qsf] k|ltzt k|ltzt =^ - 115 k0f kdf s[lifdf lge 3wL 3wL ()
116 azfvb]lv fpg dlxgfdf vfBfGg cefj xg]
3wL
3wL ) $
117 tfhf tsfL pTkfbg d]=6g )= =$
118 vfBfGg cfjZostf-dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g= $((=(
1=1=9 vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbg d]=6g ^ =)
1=1=9 jftljs vfBfGg pknAwtf -dfgj kz bfgf
d]t_
d]=6g (amp
1=1=10 jftljs vfBfGg cku -dfgj kz bfgf d]t_ d]=6g $=(
119 k|lt JolQm cfo amp$ ^=
oP 8n_
1110 f]kgL eGbf sd hUuf ePsf] kljf k|ltzt - 1111 cfwlgs tyf JojfoLs s[lif sfo ug] 3
kljf
+Vof )=amp
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
1=2 kzkfng
121 s[lif tyf kzkfngdf f]hufL lhgf -$-^)
jif_
+Vof (() $^=
122 kzk+IfL kfngdf +nUg sn lqmo +Vof k|ltzt = - 123 sn cfodf kzkfng If]qsf] k|ltzt
nfvdf
^^=( =)
= ko6g
1=3=1 dxTjk0f ko6sLo ynx j6f ) - 1=3=2 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf f]hufL +Vof )) - 1=3=3 gukflnsfdf rLs[t ePsf xf]6n +Vof )) - 1=3=4 ko6g If]qsf] k|ToIf fhj cfo = )) - 1=4 pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
141 pTkfbgdns pBf]u +Vof
142 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u btf +Vof - 143 n3 pBdLx Jojfo btf hgf ) - 144 pBd tyf n3 pBdaf6 f]huf +Vof hgf $^) - 15 xsfL tyf as Jojyfkg
1=5=1 xsfL +3 +yf +Vof $^ - 1=5=2 xsfL +yfdf cfj4 3wL 3wL $$ $
1=5=3 s[lif kzkfng xsfLdf cfj4 3wL 3wL =($
1=5=4 as vftf xg] 3wL k|ltzt $ $=)
1=6 eld Jojyfkg
1=6=1 eldsf] Jojflos juLs0f ePsf If]qx yfg )) - 1=6=2 zxLs0fsf nflu auLs0f ulPsf] eld If]qkmn )) - 1=6=3 PsLs[t tyf lIft atL ljsfsf nflu
juLs0f ulPsf] eld
yfg )) -
1=7=4 sn pTkfbgdns eld k|ltzt - 1=7 gtd tyf f]hufL
1=7=1 k0f a]f]huf +Vof +Vof ^$ (
1=7=2 HofnfbfL ug] 3 kljf 3wL ^
1=7=3 ab]lzs f]hufL -t]gtf] dnsdf_ +Vof $
2 fdflhs ljsf
21 lzIff
2=1=1 xh b]lvg] egfb -jfljs]_ k|ltzt =$ -lhNnfsf] (_
2=1=2 vb k|j]z b sIff k|ltzt = -
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt (( - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b -ndash$ jif pd] dxdf_ k|ltzt ((=$ - 2=1=3 dlxnf fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ^=$) - 2=1=3 kif fIftf b - jif pd] dfly_ k|ltzt ampamp=) - 22 jfYo
2=2=1 dft[ d[Tob k|lt nfv -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=2 aif dgLsf] afn d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt
hGd_
hgf ) -
2=2=3 gjhft lzz d[Tob k|lt xhf -lhjLt hGd_ hgf ) - 2=2=4 l8lk6L x]=k= vf]k t]gtf] k|fKt ug] afnaflnsf k|ltzt (amp - 2=2=5 cfordf vg] dof ePsf 3wL 3wL =^
2=2=6 jf f]u ePsf 3wL 3wL )$
2=2=7 sfL jfYo +yf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL ^(amp amp(
23 vfg]kfgL
2=3=1 cfwfet ]jfaf6 a~rLt hg+Vof k|ltzt ($ amp
2=3=2 kfgLsf] ljwf k|of]u ug] 3wL 3wL (ampamp
2=3=3 kfgL l4s0f guL vfg] 3wL 3wL ^( amp=^
24 kmfO 3wL
2=4=1 zfrfno k|of]u gug] 3wL ( $=
2=4=2 g=kf=sf] kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg fO6 +Vof - 25 +s[lt k|j4g
2=5=1 Dkbf rLdf btf ePsf Dkbfx +Vof - 2=5=2 dVo efiffx +Vof ^ - 2=5=3 k|dv f+s[lts kjx +Vof amp - 26 ~rf ]jf
2=6=1 l6=eL k|of]u ug] amp
2=6=2 df]afOn k|of]u ug] 3wL ^) =(
2=6=3 ]l8of] k|of]u ug] 3wL amp$ )=
27 nlIot ju sfoqmd
2=7=1 g=kf=af6 fdflhs IffeQf kfpg] sn +Vof hgf $)) - 2=7=2 g=kf=df rLs[t ePsf ljleGg nlIot jusf]
lsld
+Vof -
2=7=3 g=kf=sf] ut jifsf] nlIotjudvL ah]6
ljlgof]hg
nfv ) -
2=8 hg+Vof Jojyfkg
2=8=1 jfO fO u] hfg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL $ )=amp
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
2=8=2 afO fO u] cfpg] 3wL k|ltjif 3wL )=
3 kjfwf ljsf
31 8s tyf kn
3=1=1 sfnf]kq] 8s ls=dL= - 3=1=2 6laquoofs cf]k]g wn] sRrL 8s ~hfn ls=dL= =(amp - 3=1=3 u|fld0f 8s sfnf]kq ls=dL= amp - 3=1=4 emf]n+u] kn lgdf0f +Vof j6f - 3=1=5 kSsL kn j6f - 3=1=6 hDdf 8s ~hfn j6f =^$ - 32 lFrfO
3=2=1 ~rfngdf x]sf 7nf lFrfO cfof]hgfxsf]
+Vof
+Vof -
3=2=2 tx l+rfO cfof]hgfxaf6 l+lrt If]qkmn x]S6 $^=$amp - 3=2=3 v]tLof]Uo hdLgdWo] sn l+lrt eld x]S6 $= - 33 ljBt tyf phf
3=3=1 ljBtdf kxFr k|fKt 3wL k|ltzt amp=amp - 3=3=2 f]nf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 3=3=3 cGo phf ePsf] 3wL k|ltzt =$ - 34 oftfoft
4 jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
41 jg tyf e +If0f
411 jgn] cf]u6]sf] If]q k|ltzt - 412 fdbflos jg +Vof ( - 413 salnotL jg +Vof - 414 lglh jg btf +Vof $ - 415 sf7 pTkfbg So=lkm6 )= - 416 f=j=df cfj4 3wL 3wL )^) $=^amp
417 pkhnfwf b]vL j=sL==dL= +Vof amp - 5 zfg tyf +yfut ljsf
5=1 k|zfsLo zfg
511 cfkmg jfldTjsf] gu tyf j8f sfofno ejg +Vof ( - 512 P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] +Vof +Vof amp - 5=1=3 baGbL cgfsf] sdrfL cfklt k|ltzt )) - 5=2 Gofo tyf Iff
14 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= ljifout If]qsf rsx PsfO rsf+s
lhNnf +usf]
tngf
k|ltztdf
521 gudf btf ePsf d2f +Vof - 522 btfdWo] kmof6 ePsf d2f +Vof $ - 5=3 usfL +yf Jojyfkg
531 rLs[t ux +Vof - 5=3=2 gusf] dGjodf ~rfng xg] fdbflos
dxx
+Vof )) -
5=4 hjfab]lxtf
5=4=1 ut cf=j= df DkGg fjhlgs gjfO sfoqmd +Vof - 5=4=2 ut cf=j= df DkGg fdflhs kLIf0f sfoqmd +Vof )) -
gf]6M )) rgf pknAw gePsf]
= gu ljsfsf +efjgfx
ljsf sn] lbg] jf lng] ljifo ge xfdL Dk0f gujfL ldn] ug] ljifo xf] obL
xfdL x]s gusf gfulsx gu ljsfsf] nflu hfus eof eg] ljsfsf xfd| kfnfdf
cfkmg ufp 7fpdf +ej 5g P]ltxfls k|fs[lts wflds f+s[lts ljljwtfn] eLk0f
fd]5fk guLdf kzkfng s[lif ko6g tyf k|fs[lts |f]tfwgxsf] pkof]usf] k|t
+efjgx 5g gu ljsfsf] ljz]if +efjgf ePsf If]qnfO o pklzifdf +l5Kt kdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5
=== u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwg
u|fdL0f ko6g k|jwgsf nflu k|b]z sf cGtutsf] pBf]uko6gko6g jg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno+l3o sf cGtutsf] ko6g k|jwg jf]8 tyf ko6g ljefux
d]tsf] xsfodfaeligufpn] ko6g g]kfnAEligsfos|d +u cfj4 xg]
gusf] k|jwgsf] +efAo yfgxefnvf]k ynfL 8fF8f 8ulzordf 8f8faf6 b]lvg]
lxdfno gt[+vnfxsf] cWoog ul k|sfzg ug] k|rf k|fsf nflu ko6g lasf
af]8+u dGjo ug] tL tL yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aojyf Ufg] yflgo kjd]nfnfO
Aofjlyt ko6g dqL agfpg]yflgo lrh jtxnfO Aofjzflos kdf ko6sx
dIf k|tt ug] ljs|L ug]-ht hgfsf] hcuflgs tsfL kmnkmndfsf
s6LuGb|sl3pdx n3 3]n pTkfbgx cfbL OTofbL_
gsf]zL lnvdf oflkm6usf] ~rfng uf]7ufpFsf] km]bL fF36f kfDtL a]L latf
sf]nf]Ghf] htf yfgxdf xf]6n afyfgsf Aoayf ug]
15 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kbn ofqfsf] Aoayf -]n]3f6 xb Nof+ordf Nof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L
kiknfn kfsfd]5fk jhf xb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f
nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f-ynxL_ cfxfn] uf f3F6f
dGynL Pokf]6af6 nSnf Pokf]6df udfyf a]SofDk+u Dks yfkgf
ko6snfO hlas s[lifsf] cfsif0f ug] htf] lnv gsf]zL lsgfsf ko6s uGtAodf
df5f kfng
ko6snfO fFs[lts ltLljfhsf] cfsif0f htf] Af]fn+uaf]nordfdf du cf]v|]gLdf tfdf+u
kmGb|La]Ldf gjf e+u]Ldf g]jf sfhf] b]pfnL uf]7ufpFdf afng ehg BfLenf]
lth kGr] afhf htf +s[lt tyf ltLljfh rf8ka cflbsf] hu]gf pTyfg ub
ko6sxsf nflu hgs a]nf k|bzg ug Sg] dxxsf] lasf ug]
jb]zL ko6sxsf] klg uGtAo agfpg fs[lts wflds yfgxsf] k|jWbg ug]
x]s fFs[lts wflds yfgxdf xf]d6]sf] Aoayf fs[lts wflds klxrfg
lxtsf] vfglkge]ifeiff dgf]GhgfTs s[ofsnfk dfa]z
oL Dk0f s[ofsnfkxsf] +of]hg uL Dk0f txaf6 xsfo ePdf jifdf ))))
ko6s leqofpg lsg] 5
===cuflgs s[lif pTkfbg M
prfO cgfsf tsfL v]tLhg-ltnlrgL_ cfFk lnrL Gtnf hgf sfutL
s6x cflbsf] Aoaflos v]tLyfg cgf afv|f eL ufO svf kfng Aoafo lgoft
dns s[lif Aoafosf] lasf Vvf If]qdf klg xg] 8laquofug kmnPef]uf8f] v]tLsf] kLIf0f
=== k|fs[lts gtf]txsf] +If0f lasf plrt pkof]u htf]
gbL lsgfsf afnjfvx]vf]nfxsf uL66L tyf lgdf0f fdu|Ldf pkof]u xg] 9+ufsf]
a1flgs 9+uaf6 pkof]osf] of]hgf
jg h+undf a[Ifff]k0f tyf hl8a6Lxsf] DefAotf lasf
DefAo dNoafg af]6 lajfxsf] af]df dbfoxdf k|rf k|f lasf
Efuesf] cWoog vfgL lasfsf] Defjgf
hnjfo cgslnt uf|dL0f (Climate smart village) xsf] lgdf0f
==$= lzIffdf u0ffTds wf
==$==laBfno lzIffsf] kgfjnf]sg
^ aifDdsf afns aflnsfxnfO 6f]nd laBfnox
^ b]lv $ aifDdsf nflu ufpFdf laBfnox
$ aifdfyLsf nflu cfjflo laBfnox Aoaflos tflnd lhjgf]kof]uL lzIff
16 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
x]s laBfno dbfodf ktsfno v]nsb +lut lzIffsf] Aoayf
gukflnsfdf Pp6f sj8xn cl86f]lod Grf rgf s]Gb|
lzIfsxsf nflu 1fg Lk lasf tflndx
gukflnsfdf Ps ljZjlaBfno txsf] lzIff
f]hufdns Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|xsf] yfkgf
f]hufdns Aoaflos lzIffsf] Aoayf
cf]v|]gL If]qdf s[lif kmnkmn v]tL DjGwL Aoaflos lzIff fF36fdf kzkfng
lzIff
==$= Aoaflos lzIfftflnd +rfng f]hufL k|jwgM
sfhf]df kzkfng fd]5fkdf JffYo tflnd s]Gb| j8f g+ $ lxdu+uf j8f g+
fdkdf s[lif ag la1fg uf]7ufpFdf lgdf0f b]pfnLdf KnlDj+u lahnL h8fg gbL
lsgfdf Aoaflos df5f kfng htf laifoxsf] Aoaflos tflnd +rfng
laBfnoaf6 g f]hufdns Lkxsf] lasf ug]
lszf]lszf]Lxsf nflu oy]i6 cltlSt ls|ofsnfksf] Aoayf
ktsfno +lut laBfno v]nsb cl86f]lod
a1flgs f]huf dns Aoaflos lzIff
ljZjljBfno txsf] pkof]uL lzIff
=== kjfwf lasfsf nflu afxo gtf]txsf] klrfng
gof 6laquoofs eGbf kgL 8s sfnf]kq] ug] kn lgdf0fdf hf]8 lbg] oftfoft rf
ug]
hnlaBt cfof]hgfxsf nflu DefAotf cWoog s]lGb|o of]hgfxdf
dGjohn] 8s lgdf0fsf] kafwf v8f ub5
lnv gsf]zLaf6 7nf lrfO cfo]fhgfx
l8laquoNf vfg]kfgL hnkge0f cleofg tyf lnv gsf]zLaf6 8fF8fsf atLxdf
lnkm6 htf 7nf vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx
=f]nf Kofgnxaf6 laBtLs0fu|fld0f laBtLs0f UofF bfpfsf] lgetfnfO
36fpg]
=fli6laquoo tyf cGtfli6laquoo bft[ +yfxnfO kafwf lasf lzIff jfYo vfg]kfgL
lrfO cfof]hgfxsf nflu k|tfj kqx lgdGq0ff
17 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
o pk v08df gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfsf j6f dVo If]q ltgsf pkIf]qxsf] ljt[t +l5Kt ljZn]if0f ulPsf] 5 hdf sn $$
j6f j6f pkIf]qx dfj]z ePsf 5g oL ljZn]if0fsf] cfwfdf bL3sfnLg 0fgLltx to ulPsf] 5
x]s ljifoutIf]qsf cj tyf rgfltxtflnsf df k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf M gukflnsfsf] cj tyf rgfltx
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
cflys ljsf
= s[lif ndash hgf tyf u]8fu8L ks]6
If]q
ndash kDkfut s[lif
ndash ljrflnof xfjL
ndash kmnkmn k|z]fwg
ndash u]8fu8L lgoft
ndash ljifolj1 jLdf ]jf
cefj
= kzkfng
ndash 8fn]3fF
ndash afv|fkfngdf nufgL j[l4
ndash g=kf=af6 kz ladf
yfngL
ndash kz ljsf 0flgtL gaGg
ndash cfifwL kn kz
k|fljlwscefj
ndash Jojflos ufO eL
tyf afv|fkfng
ndash kzkfng Jojflos
gaGg
= ko6g
ndash P]ltxfls dlGb u9L
ks xfo +s[lt
kf]vLx
ndash of]hgf kjfwf rgf
tyf k|rf ah]6 sdL
ndash yenofkml6ordfxfo +u|xfno
KoffUnfOl8ordf
ndash ynxL8fF8fdf ljljw
Defjgf
ndash lghLIf]qsf] +nUgtf
nufgL jftfj0f gxg
=$ pBf]u tyf
jfl0fHo
ndash fgf pBf]ux ~rfng
xg ndash 7nf pBf]ux gxg
ndash fgf pBf]ux ljtf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgLsf] jftfj0f
gxg
= xsfL
Jojyfkg
ndash kofKt xsfL n
C0f kxFr
ndash btf ePsfdwo] a
xsfLx s[oflzn gxg
ndash ljk|]if0fnfO art tyf
nufgLsf] kdf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash s[lif xsfL
Joojflos aGg
gSg
18 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash xsfLnfO pBd
k|j4gdf nufgLsf]
jftfj0f agfpg]
=^ a+lsordf k|j4g ndash n3 ljQ +yfx l56f]
ljgf lwtf C0f lbg]
ndash boxnfO sd Jofh
lbg] ljZjf sd
ndash yfgLo sfn] ssf]
bfofdf NofO cfDbfgL
j9fpg Sg]
ndash sd hf]lvddf
ndash 338]Ldf nufgL a9L
=amp +lIft If]q
Jojyfkg ndash P]ltxfls yfgx x]sf] ndash ygLo lqmotfdf sdL ndash ko6sLo ljtf
ndash sfL k|fyldstf
sdL
= eldJojyfkg ndash v]ltof]Uo hldg kofKt
ndash vfnL hUufx
ndash cgTkfbg eld w]
ndash w] hUufx lefnf]
ndash hUufsf] fdlxs k|of]u
k4lt ljsf
ndash k|efjsfL epkof]u
of]hgfsf] sdL
=( vfgL
Jojyfkg
ndash 9ordfuf lu6L afnjf
n]6kmnfdsf] |f]t
ndash Defjgf cWoog
pTvgg gxg
ndash
ndash vfgLdf cfwlt
f]hufL
ndash sfggL emGem6x
=) gtd tyf f]hufL
ndash ]ld6 cfDbfgLn] yfgLo
cytGq ~rfng
ndash ojfx ljb]z knfog xg
ndash j]b]lzs f]hufL clIft
xg
ndash jb]lzs f]hufLdf
uPsf ojfxnfO
yfgLo f]hufL lhgf
ug lsg]
ndash nufgL jftfj0f
sdhf]
fdflhsljsf
= lzIff
ndash j6f SofDk (
ljBfno
ndash sIffDdsf] kf
bjGbL lzIfs ljBfyL
cgkft fd|f]
ndash esDk kl5 jlnof] eflts
+rgf
ndash k|fljlws ljBfnosf] cefj
ndash ljBfno dfof]hgn] fgf
jfnjflnsfnfO 6f9f
hfgkg]
ndash lzIff uof]hgf agfO
fdbflos snnfO
cfsif0f agfpg lsg]
cfwfet ljwflxtsf]
u0ftLo lzIff
19 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= jfYo
ndash gudf lhNnfcktfn
xg
ndash k|foM j8fxdf $ 306]
k|tL ]jf
ndash k|To]s j8fdf Gogtd )
hgf jo+]ljsf
ndash ofghGo f]uxsf] nflu
hgr]tgf sdL
ndash lgzNs cfifwLx xh
gxg
ndash jfYo lzIf0f +yf gxg
ndash k|fs[lts tyf cfoj]lbs
]jf ljtf
ndash gofFgofF f]uxsf] a9bf]
qmd
= vfg]kfgL
ndash vfg]kfgL jh]6
k|fyldstf lbPsf]
ndash lnkm6jf6 kfgL +sng
u]sf]
ndash 7nf Jojlyt vfg]kfgL
of]hgfsf] cefj
ndash gsf]zL tyf lnvaf6
a[xb vf=kf= of]hgf
+rfng
ndash vfg]kfgLsf] nfuL
k|ofKt nufgLsf] sdL
=$ kmfO
ndash fjhlgs yndf
8jLgsf] Jojyf
ndash jhf If]qdf 9nsf]
Jojyf
ndash fjhlgs zfrfnox
gxg
ndash kfgLsf] cefjsf sf0f
kmf]xdnf lgoGq0f gxg
ndash Nof08lkmN8 gxg
ndash jR5 Gb gu lgdf0f
ndash Nof08lkmN8 yfkgf
ndash Nof08lkmN8sf] nfuL
hUufsf] cefj xgSg]
= +s[lt k|j4g ndash xfo g]jf tyf tfdfordf
du gjf +s[lt
ndash yfgLo snf flxTo
efiff +s[lt nf]k xg
yfn]sf]
ndash +u|xfnofordfuLlts
s]Gb| ljrf a+snufot
gfuls cleofgx
k|j4g
ndash efiff snf flxTo
+s[ltk|]dLxsf] +u7g
sdhf]
=^ ~rf ]jf ndash xnfs ]jf ~rfng
ndash j6f PkmPd
ndash 6]lnkmf]g ]jf u0ftLo
gxg
ndash PkmPd se]h sd
ndash yfgLo klqsfx gxg
ndash 6]lnkmf]g PkmPd klqsf
j[l4 ug]
ndash xnfsnfO O]jf
~rfng ug]
ndash df]jfOnsf] g]6js
dof
ndash cGo ]jfx xh
ljtf gxg
=amp hg+VofJojyfk
g
ndash cflys lqmo hg+Vof
a9L
ndash hgklrfngnfO
k|fyldstfglbg
ndash cflys of]hgfx
~rfng ndash lqmo dx ufpFaflx
20 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= nlIftju
sfoqmd
ndash nlIft jusf] nfuL jh]6
k|fyldstf
ndash sfoqmdsf] lglZrt
dfkb08 gxg xg]vfg]sf]
kxFr
ndash yfgLo sfn]
k|efjsfL Jojyfkg
ug]
ndash klgetfdvL +sf
=( v]nsb
ndash gutLo v]nsb
k|ltof]uLtf
ndash v]nsb k|j4g gLlt
ndash v]n If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg
gug
ndash yfgLo tdf
v]nsbdfkmt ojfxnfO
+u7Lt ug]
ndash kofKt dbfg tyf
+ufzfnfx lgdf0f
gxg
kjfwf ljsf ndash ndash ndash
= 8s tyfkn ndash clwsf+z j8fx 8s
~hfnn] 5f]Psf]
ndash 8sdf jif]gL kg nufgL
ulg
ndash 8s lgdf0fdf
jftfj0fLo k|efj dNofdegg
gug
ndash l8hfOg tyf Oli6d]6df
nfkjfxL
ndash cfjZos kg] gofF
6laquoofsx jif leq
vf]nL Sg]
ndash sf]nf]Ghf] 3f6df kSsL
kn lgdf0f
ndash 8sx w] vg] klg
jofd ~rfng xg
gSg
=
ejg atL tyf
zxL ljsf
kglgdf0f
ndash lghL cfjf l56f]
kglgdf0f ndash kglgdf0f dfkb08sf
3x pkoSt gaGg
ndash PsLs[t ahf
Jojyfkg
ndash yfgLo ahfx
Jojlytxg gSg
= lFrfO ndash lrfOsf] nfuL snf]
kfOkjf6 +rfng ePsf]
ndash of]hgfxsf] lbuf]
Jojyfkg gxg
sfsf] dv tfSg]
ndash lnkm6 lrfO
vfB Iff clej[l4sf
nflu s[lif sfos|d
ndash gu+ujh]6sf] sld
ndash dxfgx Sb hfg
=$ phf ndash k|foM wwLdf wjflxt
rnf] f]nf ljBt
ndash dfOqmf] xfO8laquof] grNg
ndash a j8fxdf ljBt
ghf]8Lg
ndash gsf]zL lnvdf
hnljBt pTkfbgsf
nflu kxn
ndash jghGo f]hufLsf]
Defjgf
ndash xfO8laquof]kfj lgdf0f ug
cflys cefj
21 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= oftfoft
ndash 8s ~hfnn] j j8f
hf]l8g
ndash 7nf tyf fgf jfL
fwgsf] pknJwtf
ndash dGynL fd]5fk ahfDd
dfq kSsL 8s
ndash uf8Lsf] kofKt Jojyf
gxg
ndash ]jf ljtf xg]
ndash kfgf jfL fwgsf]
sf0f b36gf xg
$ jg tyf e +If0f ndash ndash ndash
$=
jg jftfj0f
tyf ljkb
Jojyfkg
ndash guleq ( j6f
fdbflos tyf
sjlnotL jgx
ndash a vfn] xfjf kfgL xg
ndash jg kbfjfdf cfwflt
pBdx ug gSg
ndash jftfj0f +If0f df Wofg
glbg
ndash ljkb Jojyfkg kjtofL gxg
ndash jgdf cfwfLt Jojfo
+rfng ug lsg]
ndash ljkb Jojyfkgsf] nfuL
of]hgf nfu ug lsg]
ndash jgdf cfwflt Jojfo
vf]Ng sfL gLlt
jfws
ndash Vvf tyf v8]L a8b
hfg
$= etyf hnwf
+If0f
ndash e tyf hnfwf sfoqmd
yfgLo lgsfodf xg
ndash lhNnfsf] Vvfu|t If]q
dWo] fljssf ^ j6f
uflj o gudf xg
ndash hnfwfsf] nfuL yfg
5gf6 tyf of]hgf
lgdf0f ug]
ndash kfgf kf]vLx tyf
cfxfn k|t x]sf]n]
kgpTyfg +If0f ug
lsg]
ndash gudf hf]lvd b]lvPsf
j6f klxf]x xg
ndash kfgL dxfg +If0f cem
k|fyldstfdf gxg
ndash w] hf] Nnfsf] jg
xg
$= hljsljljwtf
+If0f
ndash ljljw xfjfkfgL xg ndash ljljw hgfj tyf jf]6
ljjf xg
ndash gusf clwsf+z eefu
Vvf u|t xFbf klg
gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash Vvf u|t If]qxdf
ux|f wf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtf If]q
ljtf ug lsg]
ndash hljs ljljwtfDjGwL
1fg zLk gxg
ndash hnjfo kljtg
cgsngdf jh]6
ljlgof]hg gxg
$=$ jGohGt +If0f ndash jGohGtxsf] nflu
pkoQm jf yfg
ndash jg If]qdf kfgLsf] |f]t
gePsf sf0f jGohGtx
ufpF kg
ndash do sflnh tyf
d[uxsf] +If0f ug
s]df ko6g k|j4g
ndash jGohGtxsf] +If0fdf
j]jftf
ndash nfdf] v8]L kg
22 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash
$= hnjfo cgsng ndash w] k|sfsf] xfjfkfgL
pknAw xg
ndash gusf] hnjfo cgsng
of]hgf gaGg
ndash lefnf] If]qxdf ux|f
wf ug]
ndash gutLo hnjfo
cgsng of]hgf
ndash hnjfo kljtgsf
sf0f jfnLgfnLx
pTkfbgdf sdL
$=^ kmf]xf]dnfJojyf
kg
ndash cfkmgf] 3jf6 lgsg]
kmf]x cfkmn] Jojyfkg
ug yfn]sf]
ndash gudf x]sf] dVo ahf
If]qxdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
bLuf] gxg
ndash kmf]xf]dnfaf6 g dnvfb
Jojyfkg ug lsG5
ndash 6f]ntdf kmf]xf]dnf
Jojyfkg
ndash kz jwzfnf
xf6ahf JojyLt
gxg
$=amp k|sf]k lgoGq0f ndash lhNnf tdf ljkb
Jojyfkg ldlt xg
ndash gbL lsgfdf jtL ljsf
ndash hf]lvd yfgdf jtL jg]
jfWotf
ndash cGo lgsfoxsf]
dGjodf sfo ug
lsg]
ndash k|sf]k lgoGq0f DaGwL
gudf ki6 lgtL gxg
$= ljkbJojyfkg
ndash g=kf= ljkb Jojyfkg ldlt u7g
ndash gudf ^ j6f PDan]G
+rfng
ndash ljkbsf] kjfgdfg ug
gSg
ndash ljkbaf] kjtofL gxg
ndash cGo +yfx +u
DjGw ljtf ul
sfoqmd ug Sg]
ndash ljkbaf] dbfo r]t
gxg ljkb of]hgf
gaGg
$=( clUg lgoGq0f ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tflnd
lnPsf JolQmx xg
ndash cfunfuL xg Sg] jg If]q
ghLssf] atL
ndash cUgL lgoGq0f tyf
jf0f oGq Jojyfkg ndash jg If]qdf Nnfsf] v
Gofo zfg tyf +yfut ljsf ndash ndash
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash Goflos ldlt
d]nldnfkstfsf] Jojyf
ndash Gofo Dkfbgsf] nfuL
566 jsLnsf] Jojyf
gePsf]
ndash Goflos ldltjf6 l566
Gofo kfpg] xbfF dodf
g ljjfb Golgs0f xg]
ndash Gofo Dkfbgdf jflxL
bjfj xg
= hgzltm
Joojyfkg
ndash sfd eP klg sdrfL
Jojyfkg
ndash zfvf clws[tsf] baGbL
vfnL
ndash pknAw sdrLaf6
cfwfet ]jf
k|efjsfL agfp lsg]
ndash cfjZostf cgf
sdrfL egf ug
cflys |f]tsf] cefj
23 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
= sfofno
Jojyfkg
ndash gukflnsfsf cfkmg
ejg lgdf0f
ndash tflnd xn tyf kflsEuml
ynsf] cefj
ndash fd]5fk jhfdf
sfofno xg
hgklrfngsf] cj
ndash sfofno lgdf0fsf]
nflu k|t hUuf gxg
=$ ]jf
Jojyfkg
ndash l56f] 5ltf] 9+usf] ]jf
k|jfx ug] uLPsf]
ndash gfuls j8fkq tyf
fjhlgs gjfO ulg
ndash a kmfF6 cgf
sdrfLxnfO Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash 6f9fsf atL tyf
j8fsf hgtfnfO jifdf
sDtLdf j6f ]jf
lzljx +rfng uL
]jf k|jfx ug lsg]
ndash gukflnfsfsf] s]Gb|
a j8fxnfO kfos
kg] yfgdf gxg
= rgftyfk|ljlwlj
sf
ndash gusf] cfkmg j]jfO6
xg
ndash rgf tyf k|ljwL
clws[t Jojyfkg
ndash gusf] tYof+s tyf
hfgsfLx k|ofKt +sng
tyf fjhlgs gxg
ndash guaf6 ePsf fd|f
sfdxsf] k|rf k|f
dxTjk0f lsfOx
cfbfgk|bfg ug lsg]
ndash ekbf] OG6g]6 ]jf
gxg
=^ fhj klrfng ndash gof pBf]u Jojfo
ahf ljtf
ndash Jojfo tyf pBf]ux
JojyLt +rfng gxg
ndash Jojlyt ahf ljsf
ug lsg]
ndash fhj +sng
klrfngdf sfL
lgtLut dof xg
=amp ljQLoJojyfkg
ndash ut cf=j=df khLut
vrdf ljlQo k|utL )
eGbf j9L
ndash nIof eGbf j9L cfGtls
cfo k|fKt ug kmn
ndash jftljs nfut
hgxefltf Gog xg
ndash gLhLxsfL sfL
nfut xeflutf Gog
ndash k|fs[lts |f]taf6 cfo
a9fpg lsg]
ndash ljlQo cgzfg +oGq
lkmtnf]
ndash fjhlgs
gjfOfdflhs
klIf0fsf] k|efjsfLtf
= kfblztf
hjfab]lxtf
ndash gfuls j8f kq Jojyf
ndash 7nf of]hgfsf] rgf
kf6L
ndash sltko sfoqmdsf]
fjhlgs gjfO
fdflhs kLIf0f gxg
ndash kfblztfsf] ljleGg
utLljwLx u] gdgf
gu aGg S5
ndash pkef]Qmf ldltdf
lgIf JoQmLx a9L
ePsf] sf0f cfDbfgL
24 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= ljifout If]q antfx sdhf]Lx cjx rgfltx
ndash fjhlgs gjfO vrsf] gt]itf fVg
sl7gfO xg
=( k|zfsLo
zfg
ndash ljleGg yfgLo P]g
sfggx lgdf0f
ndash a txdf sfggL fIftf
clej[l4 ug gSg ndash zfg Gtli6 j[l4
ndash sfggsf] kfngf ug
sl7g xg S5
=) Gofotyf Iff ndash yfgLo Gofnosf] yfkgf
tyf Jojyfkg
ndash Gofonsf] nflu 5sect ejg
tyf sf]7fsf] Jojyfkg
ug gSg
ndash fdfGo d4fxnfO
yfgLo tdf g
dfwfg ugs] do
vr sd xg] 5
ndash yfgLo txdf ldnfpg
gSg] d4fx klg
cfpg S5g
= fdbflos tyf
u Jojyfkg
ndash 7nf ux kFhL
klrfng ug] fdbflos
+yf xg
ndash Ps4f k|0fnLdf klof]hgf
+rfng ug gSg
ndash cGo If]qsf] nufgL
leqofpg lhnf] kb5
ndash +yfsf] pb]Zo
gusf] cfjZostf d]n
gvfg S5
= cGtDalGwt
If]qx
ndash ljifout ldlt
sfofnox x]sf] 5
ndash ljifout sfofno
ldlt dGjodf sl7gfO
ndash ljifout sfofno
ljifout ldltsf]
dGjo xg s]df
ljsfn] km8sf] dfg] 5
ndash Pscsfsf] eldsf jf]
ki6 gxg
25 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=$ klxnf] jifsf] dLIff bf]|f] jifsf] of]hgf
)amp$ fn azfv ut] DkGg ePsf] yfgLo txsf] lgjfrgaf6 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwxn] )amp$ fn h]7 ut] kb jxfnL u]kl5 hgtfsf] tTsfn cfjZostfsf]
Daf]wg lgjflrt hgk|ltlglwxsf] sfosIf tyf sfofno Aojyfkg sfofno fdfu|Lxsf]
Aojyf j8f sfofnoxsf] Aojyfkg tyf cGo tTsfnsf hgf]sfsf sfosf] Aofjyfkg
ug] sfo yfngL ePsf] lyof] eg] gusf] k|yd gu efn] lnPsf] nIo aeligs[lif ko6g 8s
vfg]kfgL xfd|f] kjfwf fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwfAElig nfO cfTdft ub cflys jif
)amp$divideamp sf] ljsf sfoqmdx ~rfng u]sf] 5
gukflnsfn] cflys aif )amp$divideamp sf nflu = sf]8 nfv amp xhf afasf]
gLlt of]hgf ah]6 tyf sfoqmd k|tt ePsf] lyof] g]kfn sfaf6 k|fKt yk t cgbfg
ljz]if cgbfg k|fKt eO tf]lsPsf of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng Gtf]ifhgs kdf ePsf 5g
cfGtls ah]6af6 gukflnsf If]qleq cfd gfulsaf6 dfu ePsf dxTjk0f cTofjZos
of]hgfx klxrfg e sfokflnsfsf] a7saf6 yk ^ j6f of]hgf tyf sfoqmdxdWo] ()
j6f of]hgf Demftf e sfofGjogdf x]sf] ) j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g
rfn cf= j= nfO k|fKt ljlQo dflgs0f cgbfg zt cgbfg fhj af8kmf8 tyf
cfGtLs cfo d]t Psdi7 sn cgdflgt cfDbfgL =amp)))ndash af6 ljleGg gu tyf
j8f tLo ljsf of]hgfxdf sd ljlgof]hg ulPsf]df cf ut] Dddf amp j6f gu
tLo $) j6f j8f tLo eflts kjfwf nufot nlIft sfoqmd k|jwfgfTds sfoqmd
ko6g k|jwg nufotsf sfoqmd DkGg eO =amp^$ampmdash fdflhs Iff eQf =
(()))mdash cflys k|ultsf] cjyf x]sf] lyof] dVotM ^ ls= ld= 8s gofF 6laquoofs
cf]kg ) ls=ld= 8s tf]GgtL ePsf] 5g eg] j6f vfg]kfgL of]hgf +rfng eO sla
^^) 3 3L nfefGjLt ePsf] 5 gukflnsfsf] cfGtLs cfDbfgL = nfv cgdfg
ulPsf]df = $^((mdash cfDbfgL ug kmn ePsf] 5 pQm cgdfg eGbf w] cfDbfgL
xgsf] dVo sf0f kgM lgdf0fsf] qmddf ag]sf 3xsf] gSf kf dVo |f]t x]sf] lyof]
gusf] ufjsf] of]hgf x]sf] j8f g+= ^ amp yLt efnvf]k 8f8fdf k|tfljt Eo 6fj
hUuf hldgsf] olsgsf] nflu kxn eO x]sf] o jif klg ah]6 ljlgof]hg ul lgGttfsf]
nflu k|tfj ulPsf] 5 gun] cfkmg kxndf Jofs xf] nf]8 vlb eOs]sf] sfe]6 klg
vlb k|lqmofsf] clGtd r0fdf ku]sf] 5 fdflhs Iff rfdfls kdf ljt0f eOs]sf]
5 gu sfokflnsfsf] a7ssf Dk0f lg0fox jxdltsf] cfwfdf ulPsf] 5
cf=a= )amp$divideamp df +rflnt of]hgfxaf6 ^$=( ls=dL= 8s gof 6laquoofs
cf]kgamp=( ls=dL= tf]GgtL$=amp ls=dL= snf] lgdf0f $( dL= Uofljog hfnL nufOPsf]
5 eg] ) j6f vfg]kfgLsf of]hgfx j6f l+rfOsf of]hgfx cGo ljBfno ejgv]ndbfg
htf j6f of]hgfx DkGg ePsf 5g j8f sfofnosf ejgx j6f j8fdf lgdf0f
ePsf 5g To uL j8f g+ ( df jfYo rfsL qmdfut kdf lgdf0f yfngL ulPsf] 5
j8ftdf ~rflnt DkGg of]hgfxdf 8s vfg]kfgLko6g kjfwf 8s ddt
26 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmfO hgr]tgf dns sfoqmd Lk ljsf tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd fdbflos sn
ddt tyf lgdf0f cflb x]sf 5g
cf=a= )amp$divideamp sf] jLs[t aflifs sfoqmd cGtut of]hgf tyf sfoqmd +rfng
ug cfd pkef]SQf dfkmt sfo ug k|fyldstf lbOof] eg] s]xL x]jL OSjLkd]G6x of]hgf
6]08 dfkmt 7]Ssfdf +rfng ulof]
sfofno Jojyfkgtkm ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj Aofsckmsf]
Aojyf ulPsf] 5 fy jLs[t +u7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout
sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWo] gh uL laleGg zfvf
tyf pkzfvf u7g uL +rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 gunfO cfjZos kg] sfggxtkm xfnDd
) j6f P]gx $ j6f lgodfjnL j6f sfoljlwx tof ePsf 5g
kofKt hdLg tyf gbLgfnfsf] bkof]u vfg]kfgLsf] ljtf s[lif tyf kzkfngdf
cfwflt f]hufL lhgf 3]n tyf n3 pBf]u vlgh kbfyxsf] klrfng ko6g k|j4g
cflb ljifox fd]5fksf] ljsf Defjgfx xg
du|df sfokflnsf ~rfngsf] bf]|f] jif cfOkUbf cfjZos P]g lgodx ag]sf] bf]|f]
cf=j= df zaf6 cfof]hgf Demftf sfofGjog xg yfn]sf] fjhlgs gjfO gfuls
j8fkq j]efO6 tofL sfoqmd tyf ah]6 fjhlgs of]hgf k|lqmof dfj]zL ah]6 ljt0f
Gofof]lrt cfwfdf ug] kDkfsf] ljsf pNn]Vo pknlAw xg
= jtdfgaf6 eljiolt
du|df fd]5fk gukflnsfsf gfulsxsf] hLjgt cfwfet cfjZoStfxsf]
klkltd +3ifzLn 5 cyft ^Uuml k|ltzt 3wLx uLaLs cjyfdf 5g )Uuml hg+Vof
k0f tyf cS a]f]huf 5g hLjg lgjfxsf] dVo cfwf s[lif tyf kzk+IfL kfng g 5 t
o e]udf kfgL xlofnLsf] cefjsf] sf0f dVo k]zfn] g blgs lgjfx wfGg klg wf wf 5
eg] s[lif tyf kzkfngn] cfwlgstfsf] af6f] dfpg s]sf] 5g sn lFrfOof]Uo hdLgdWo]
Uuml df dfq lFrfO ku]sf] b]lvG5 gudf sn If]qkmnsf] ^) k|ltzt agn] 9fs] tfklg on]
Jojflos jgsf] k lng s]sf] 5g cytGqsf nflu lqmo dflgPsf] amp=$ k|ltzt ojf
ktfcfhsf lbgdf ufpFaflx 5 ufpFleq ePsfx klg s[lif tyf kzkfnghGo k]zfnfO
bMlvof k]zfsf] kdf lnO ok|lt ljdv 5g
olt xFbfxFb klg gu ljsfsf] dn |f]t s[lif kz jg kfgL hgzlSt g xg of]
gukflnsf amp( b]lv )($ dL= Ddsf] pFrfOdf kmlnPsf] xFbf w] vfn] xfjfkfgL kfOg]
ePsf]n] logsf] al4dTtfk0f klrfngaf6 gunfO d[l4sf] dn af6f]df kofpg lsg]
Defjgfx b]lvG5 osf0f log |f]txnfO klrfng uL gusf] ljsfdf cl3 a9g
plrt af6f] b]lvPsf]n] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lognfO klrfng ug] gLlt lnPsf] 5 o cGtut
s[lif tyf kzkfng If]qsf] cfwlgsLs0f cfBf]lus0f hn +If0f tyf e08f0f xlofnL
k|j4g ojfxnfO yfgLo jf]huf j[l4 ug] klsNkgf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] lnPsf] 5
27 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M f]r nIo 0fgLlt tyf sfogLltx
o cWofodf gusf] bL3sfnLg f]r cfjlws nIo tyf p2]Zo k|dv If]qut
sfoqmd gusf] ljsfnfO dnwfdf ~rfng ug d2t kofpg] k|dv sfoqmdx k|tt
ulPsf] 5
= bL3sfnLg f]r
cflys fdflhs eflts jftfj0fLo zfglxtsf] d[4 fd]5fk
gffM s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgL gusf] lbuf] ljsfsf] d]b08 xg]5 onfO
lgDg gffsf] kdf yflkt ulg]5M
s[lif ko6g 8s vfg]kfgLxfd|f] kjfwf
fd]5fk gu ljsfsf] lbuf] cfwf
= cfjlws nIo
xfn (=((Uuml cfo uLaLsf] ]vfdlg x]sf] gusf] kljf +VofnfO cflys d[l4sf]
dfWodaf6 Uuml df emfg]
kfr jif leqdf bf]AAf cfo a9fpg] j]f]hufL cfwf 36fpg]
g]kfn sfn] cfjlws of]hgfxdf lnOPsf] nIonfO klkf]if0f ug]
gusf Dk0f hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u xg]
= cfjlws p2]Zo
yfgLo |f]txnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
fdflhs If]qsf ljsf rsxnfO k|b]zsf] dfkb08df kofpg]
gu ljsfsf nflu axcfoflds If]qsf] Plss[t ljsf sfo ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfsf] du| ljsfsf lghLxsfL sfL fem]bfL ljsf ug]
gukflnsfaf6 k|bfg ulg] ]jfxnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL pknlAw dns agfpg]
=$ k|dv 0fgLlt
gu tyf gujfLsf] dli6ut cytGqsf] lrq0f f] cgf d[l4 xfln ug] k|dv
0fgLlt lgDg cgf xg] 5
fdflhs cflys cjyfsf] lrq0f
kDkfut k]zfsf kdf xLcfPsf] lgjfxdvL s[lif
ux| s[lif If]qsf] 7nf] lxf x]sf] cflys +rgf
sfdnfO fgf] 7nf] eGg] dfh
+rgfTds lje]bdf xlsPsf] dbfo
7nf] gtdzlQm aflx knfog
cflys kdf s[of hg+Vof yf] kljfdf w] cfgtLt hg+Vof
28 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cu|h hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf lgIf
pTkfbg pTkfbsTj bj sdhf] k|ltkwfTdstf sd
jb]lzs drsaquof cfklt tyf uljL j9 gaf6 f]s]sf] ]ld6]G a9gsectf 36g] +s]t
k|fs[lts |f]t fwgsf] k|of]unfO gljgtd f]r d[l4Fu hf]8g gs]sf] cjyf
nufgL jftfj0f tyf d[4L pGdv sfos|dsfolgltsf] cefj
nufgLsf] k|ltkmn Gog vrsf] dfkb08 tyf gLltdf cfwflt jh]6sf] lkmtnf] k|of]u
k|dv 0fgLlt
d[l4 k|flKtsf nflu cflys Ph]08fnfO s]lGrsaquoo ljifo agfO jkIfLo k|of
yfgLo +efjgfsf] vf]hL pkof]uljleGg kflnsf txxjLr xsfo Pj+ fem]bfL
ljBdfg eflts fdflhs Pj+ dfgjLo kjfwfxsf] ek k|of]u
s[lif If]qdf cfwlglss0f JojfoLs0f ug] uL s[lif ljsf 0fgLltnfO k0f sfofGjogdf
nhfg]
cfGtls ko6gnfO cytGqsf] k|dv cfofdsf kdf ljsf ug]
yflgo pBf]u wGbf kDkfut Aofjzfosf] k|ltkwfTds Ifdtfsf] ljtf ug] jhfLs0f
ug]
gunfO 8sdfu xjfO dfu hndfu+u hf]8g] rgf k|ljlw~rf
Connectivity df wf ug]
jb]lzs f]hufLaf6 cfhg ePsf] sdnfO pTkfbg dns sfodf k|of]u xg]uL gLlt tyf
sfoqmd thdf ug]
jh]6 cgzfg ljQLo hjfkmb]lxtfsf] sfggL JojyfksLo k|jGw ug]
dTyfg Ifdtflxtsf] dbfo Jojlyt xLs0f k|ljlwdqL sfok|0ffnLsf] k|of]u
]jf k|jfxdf +rgfTds wf k|efjsfL cfhfxsf] +tlnt k|of]u ug]
gusf] du| pGgtLsf nflu gfuls xeflutf h6fpg] sd ug] sfo+s[ltnfO s]lGrsaquoo
ljifo jgfpg]
d]xgt OdfGbfltf xsfLtf cfTdDdfgnfO fd]5fkjfLsf] klxrfg agfpg]
xlt cytGqsf] k|j4g ug]
klge cGtlge cytGqnfO cfTdlgetf tkm 8f]yenofpg]
f+s[lts wfdLs ljljwtfsf] +If0f Aofjyfkg ug]
lzIffnfO k|ltkmndns agfpg]
jy [hglzn gtdln gfulsx tof ug]
= sfogLlt tyf k|dv sfos|d -k|fyldstf If]q_ x
gu 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dVo nIo uLaL lgjf0f cfo tyf f]hufL clja[l4 xg] f] sf]
dVo k|fyldstf If]q Aofjzflos s[lif tyf kzkfngVvf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg tyf pTyfglzntf
clea[4LcfGtls ko6g k|jwg kjfwf vfg]kfgL tyf l+rfO ]jf ljtflzIff jfYo ]jfdf
kxr tyf u0ft clea[l4xg]5 k|fyldstf If]qdf x]sf amp j6f ljifo-k|dv sfos|d_nfO cglr
b]vL amp Dd sfogLlt tyf f]r kqsf] kdf 566 k]z ulPsf] 5
29 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]qxsf] If]qut nIo +l5Kt sfogLlt lgDgcgf xg]5
=== s[lif jg tyf jftfj0f
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf v]tL u]sf] hdLg ^) jg x]sf] 5 s[lif If]q dVo
uL jg tyf jftfj0fdf lge x]sf] 5 t o gukflnsf leq s[lif jg jftfj0fsf]
If]q gfhs g x]sf] 5 o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftL eg]sf] kfgLsf] dof x]sf] 5
dVotM fF36f b]pfnL lxduordfuf fdk fd]5fk nufPtsf If]qx vf If]q xg vf
If]qs sf0f o guIf]qdf l+rfO of]Uo hdLg sla dfq x]sf] 5 eg] csf] lt hdLg
afemf] fVg] s|d a9L x]sf] 5 osf0f o gukflnsfdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg hDdf sn
cfDbfgLsf] s]jn =^ dfq x]sf] 5 csf] lt sn jg If]qsf] =^amp jg dfq fd|f]
cjyfdf x]sf] 5 gukflnsf leqsf] jgsf] cft dfHbft s]jn =) 3=dL= k|lt x] x]sf]
5 hg fli6o cft -^$=amp 3=dL= x]_ eGbf w] g sd x]sf] 5 osf0f fd]5fk
gukflnsfsf] d[l4sf] nflu oxfsf] hdLgsf] pTkfsTj a9fpg cfjZos x]sf] 5
osf] nflu s[lif jg tyf jftfj0fsf sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz uL cufl8
a9fpg cklxfo b]lvPsf] 5 osf cnfjf ljleGg s[lif sfoxsf] nflu kfs]6 If]q klxrfg
uL Jofjflos s[lif tyf kzkfng sfonfO cufl8 a9fOg]5
-s_ vf If]q Jojyfkg
vf If]qsf] Jojyfkg o gukflnsfsf] k|dv rgftLsf] kdf x]sf] 5 csf]lt
kfgL dxfg Sg] s|d klg al9x]sf] 5 hn] ubf tNnf] If]qaf6 kfgL lnlkm6Euml u] ljt0f
ubf pkef]QmfxnfO yk cflys ef kg ux]sf] 5 cem lb3sflng kdf lo gtf]tx ekbf]
xg]df z+sf g 5 on] kfgLsf] dxfgxsf] +If0f tyf pknAw kfgLsf] Jojyfkg ug cfhsf]
cfjZostf x]sf] 5 osf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf sfos|dx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 M
-c_ x]s jtLxdf x]sf] ljBdfg cfxfnxsf] +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ 7fpF 7fpFdf aif] kfgL +sngsf] nflu jif] cfxfnxsf] lgdf0f ug] fy hnfwf If]q leq
gof tyf kfgf] cfxfnxsf] +hfn lgdf0f ug]
-O_ vf]nf vf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f ug]
-O_ afLdf kfgL f]fpg] snf] lgdf0f ug]
-p_ kfgLsf] gtf]t jlkl plrt dfqfdf jgsf] Jojyfkg ug] Nnf jg ePdf rf8fkft]
ldlgtt jg agfpg] agnfO w] 3gf gfVg] VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] nflu sfobnn]
566 k|fljlws cjwf0ff kq tof kfgL cglr= df fvLPsf] 5 pQm cjwf0f kq
cgf Vvf If]qsf] pTyfglzntf clea[bL ulg] 5
30 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-v_ jg Jojyfkg
-c_ lbuf] jg Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ffsf] cfwfdf fdbflos jgsf sfoof]hgfx tof uL
gjLs0f ug] hnfwf If]q leqsf Dk0f jg dxx -fdbflos sjlnolt_ jgxnfO
dflxt ul Plss[t of]hgf tof ug]
-cf_ Nnf jg nfO rf8fkft] ldlgtt jgdf s|dzM kl0ft ug] oL jgsf] k|hflt ldgt0f
kljtg ubf yfg x]L +If0f ugkg] If]q htM kfgL dxfgdf a9Ldf Nnf )
pTkfbg If]qdf a9Ldf ^) Dd fVg]
-O_ a6ofg emf8L tyf vfnL hUufsf] Jojyfkg ug] cgfjZos emf8L a6ofg x6fO vfnL
7fpdf j[Ifff]k0f ug]
-O_ glb lsgf If]qdf vosf] jLp 5g]
j[Ifff]k0f ubf lgDg sfdf Wofg lbg]
-c_ j[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu gu leq pRr k|ljlwsf] gLsf] Jojyfkg ug] lghL If]qsf]
xeflutfsf] nflu lghL gLnfO k|f]Tfxg uL gukflnsfn] lajfsf] jflifs dfu ug]
-cf_ vf If]q ePsf]n] slDtdf bO aifsf lajfx dfq f]k0f ug]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f ug] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cufl8 g vf8n vgL vf8ndf kts tyf kfgL xfNg]
cfjZostf k] df6f] dn klg eg]
-O_ j[Ifff]k0f yflkt gxGh]nDd a9Ldf tLg jif aLr aLrdf eO 3f nufpg]
-u_ s[lif
fd]5fk gukflnsfdf dVotM kfgLsf] dof x]sf] jifft klg clgoldt kdf xg]
u]sf]n] hnjfo kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|dnfO hf]8 lbOg]5 o gukflnsf leq
kDkfut kdf xg] afnLx ht M uxt tyf abfdnfO k|a4g ug] kmnkmn tyf tsfL
v]tLnfO Jofjflos0f ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg ls|ofsnfkx ckgfOg] 5M
-c_ s[lif kzkfngnfO Plss[t kdf nlug]
-cf_ k|fEumlfls v]tL nfO hf]8 lbg] emf]ndf]nsf] k|of]u ug]
-O_ kfgL +If0f k|ljlwx htM dlNrEuml yf]kf l+rfO sfnf] Knfli6sn] hdLg 9fsL tsfL
v]tL cflb nfO hf]8 lbg]
-O_ s[lif xsfL jf s[ifs dx agfO dNo clej[l4 gt[ordfvnfdf s[ifsxnfO xefuL ufpg]
-p_ s[lifnfO kls[t agfpg s[ifssf] hUufdf s[lif k|bzgL yn agfpg]
-pm_ lgoldt kdf s[lif k|fljlwsaf6 s[ifsxnfO lkmN8df g sf]lrEumlsf] Jojyf ug]
31 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-P_ s[lif jg k|0ffnLsf] ljsfz ugsf nflu cfjZos k|fljlws Nnfx tyf lajf pknAw
ufpg]
-3_ kzkfng
o gukflnsfn] Jojflos kzkfngnfO k|f]Tflxt ug] 5 kzkfngnfO hnjfo
kljtg cgsng s[lif sfos|d kzkfngnfO dfgfGt kdf nhfg k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-c_ kzkfngnfO Jofjflos agfpgsf] nflu 3f f]k0f sfos|dnfO Plss[t kdf cufl8
nhfg]
-cf_ x]s kz kmfdxaf6 afof]Uof pTkfbg ug]
-O_ sDkf]i6 emf]ndn pTkfbgnfO Jofjflos0f ug]
-O_ salnolt jg pkef]Qmf dxu dGjo uL tyf fjhlgs hUufxdf 3f pTkfbgnfO
k|a4g ug]
-ordf_ lghL afemf] tyf fjhlgs hdLg Jojyfkg
lghL jfemf] hUufdf dVot M j[Ifff]k0f tyf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 osf] nflu
lgDg adf]lhdsf ls|ofsnfkx ug lsg]5
-c_ a[Ifff]k0fsf] nflu yfgLo fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf dxx u xsfo uL sfsf] sd
lajf vr gukflnsfn] Joxf]g] tyf a[Ifff]k0f sfo Jojyfkg tyf +If0f sfo
pkef]Qmf dxxn] uL kl5 nfef+z ljt0f ug] hsf] nflu gukflnsf jg pkef]Qmf
dx aLr Demftf ug]
-cf_ lghL hUufxsf 3f f]k0fsf] nflu hUuf sfdf lngsf nflu kzkfng JojfoL tyf
kmdxnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ulaLsf] ]vf dlg x]sf 3wLxsf] dx agfO 3f
f]k0f jf s[lif jgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg tyf xof]u ug]
-O_ fjhlgs hUuf Jojyfkgsf] nflu OR5s s[ifs dxx gePdf Jofjflos kmfdx
dVotM kzkfng JofjflonfO k|fyldstf lbO s[lif jg jf 3f pTkfbgsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg
ug]
r= slif tyf kzkfng If]qnfO kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljtf ug] M
gusf] xfjfkfgL efuf]lns agfj6 cgf ljleGg yfgxdf ljleGg s[lif tyf kzdf
cfwflt pBdxnfP kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf ljtf ulg] 5M
32 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M Defljt ks]6If]qxsf] ljj0f
jf8 qm=+= cfof]hgf yfg
1 afv|f kfng ]f s7fot6f]n latf6f]n
2 eL kfng yfkf6f]n uf]7kfgL fpg] 6f]n latf 6f]n
3 dnfafnL wGg]ZjL fFu]kfgL
4 tsfL v]tL ]f vf]nf f]sf 6f]n kmnf6] ldkfgL
5 afv|fkfng agt] ufpF
6 df5fkfng bfxfn 6f
7 tsfL v]tL sdn6f jfFsLd]L yfSn]
8 gdb]Zj dxfb]j k|j]zaringf ljsf fF36f ahf
$ 9 afv|f kfng af]nordf af]nordf
10 u]8fu8L kmGb|]j]L
11 kmnkmn
12 afv|f kfng bfOhf]
13 u]8fu8L v]tL sf]nf]Ghf] vGsL rf3] j]L
14 ds hf]g fdk
^ 15 tsfL v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] efnvf]k
16 hgf v]tL ufO6f s6Gh] cf]v|]gL
17 ds hf]g xf]bLn
amp 18 pBd hf]g lxn]kfgL sfhf]
19 eLkfng ef]n] nfdf6f]n
20 afv|f kfng ft6fxb]gL
21 hgf v]tL eFu]L
( 22 afv|f kfng 6f NofordfNofordf
23 afnjfvfgL
24 u]8fu9L
gusf] e agf6xfjfkfgL cgfsf] k|tfljt v]tL k|ljlw tyf e pkof]usf] f]r kq cglr
^ df lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf sfos|d agfO ~rfng ug]
5=kmf]xf] Jojyfkg
a9bf] zxLs0f cfDbfgLsf] j[l4 u xg] cflys s[ofsnfksf] j[l4n] kmf]xf]
Jojyfkgsf] s[ofsnfknfO rgftLk0f agfp5 o gukflnsf leq dVo kdf fd]5fk
ahf fdkdf kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf ls|ofsnfkx ulb cfPsf 5g eg] cGo yfgxdf
kmf]xf] Jojyfkg Jojlyt 5g osf0f kmf]xf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lgDg sfos||dx ulg]5
-c_ x]s ahf s]Gb|sf] jlkl Nof08lkmn fO6 klxrfg uL Jojyfkg ug]
-cf_ slxg] gslxg] kmf]xf] 33df 56ofpgsf] nflu 6f]n wf ldlt dfkmt k|f]Tfxg ug]
33 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-O_ Knfli6s hGo kmf]xf]sf] Jojyfkg Toaf6 cfDbfgL ugsf] nflu Of] sfos|d +rfng
ug] osf] nflu x]s 3 ljBfno sfofnoxdf kmnfdsf] Of] ljt0f uL
Knfli6shGo kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug]
-O_ 3 tyf ljBfnodf sDkf]i6 ljg nfut z]osf] cfwfdf ljt0f ug]
=== ko6g k|jwg
o gukflnsf leq ljleGg P]ltxfls f+s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ynx 5g ko6g ljsfzsf]
nflu dVo kdf bO Kofs]h k|tfj ulPsf] 5
-c_ hgfdf cfwflt ko6g mdash hgf kfOg] yfgxdf xf]d 6] agfO hgfdf cfwflt ko6gsf]
ljsfz ug] ko6sxnfO hgfsf] klsfxsf fy yfgLo f+s[lts sfos|dx ht
M xfo +s[lt tyf dugfrsf] k|bzgL ug]
-cf_ fd]5fk ahf jlkl u+ufnfn mdash kiknfn hGdyn ltNs]yfg u9L led]g dlGb
k|tfljt Eo 6fj nfO Plss[t kdf ljsfz ug] u+ufnfnmdashkiknfn hGdyndf
dfSjfb ktsfnosf] yfkgf lgoldt kdf dfsafb ljrf sfos|d cfof]hgf uL
ko6gsf] gfnf] cfofd ljsfz ug lsg] lyof] oL fd]5fk ahf jlkl ko6lso
]jfxsf] j[l4 ubf f36f e cf]vn9+uf f]nvDa hfg] ko6sxnfO f36fdf Ps
ft af afpg lsg]
-O_ xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf ug] du gfrnfO k|a4g ug]
gudf ko6g kjfwfx aGg] s|ddf x]sf] jtdfg kla]znfO dgg uL kl5 s|lds kdf
ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO kfrj6f ko6g Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5 hg cgLr df
fvLPsf] 5
=== pBd tyf f]hufL
ljBdfg pBdxsf] tf]GgtL tyf gof pBdxsf] yfkgf ugsf] nflu pkoQm
jftfj0f lhgf ulg]5 osf] nflu lgDg sfos|dx ulg]5
-c_ lghL If]qnfO pBd yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg ulg]5 eg] ljkGg tyf lk5l8Psf junfO
pQm pBdxnfO cfjZos kg] lzkdns tflnd lbO f]hufLsf] cj lhgf ulg]5
-v_ s[lif pTkfbg DalGw k|zf]wg tyf Kofs]lhEuml pBf]unfO k|f]Tfxg ulg]5
-u_ cUoflgs tyf kDkfut pTkfbgx ht M uxt abfd hgfnfO a|fl08Euml ulg]5
-3_ kDkfut k]zfx htM cfg nfO cfwlglss0f ug xfotf kofOg]5
-ordf_ sf]N8 6f] lgdf0f ulg]5
-r_ +efAo f]hufLsf If]qxsf] lr cglr df lbOPsf] 5f] sf] yk cflys ljZn]if0f
uL sfos|d ~rfng ug] 5
34 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
==$=lzIff If]q
s= lzIfs lzIf0f +yf zfGtL If]q M lzIff If]qsf] wfsf] klxnf] hjfkm b]lx AolQm lzIfsx
g xg pgsf] lgoldt k7g kf7g k0f kj tofL n] 7nf] dxTj fVb 5 oy lzIfsnfO
lzIff If]qsf] ljsf jx afx]s cGo fhlglts bnsf] fhlglt ugaf6 lgTflxt ug]
jftfj0f jgfpg] zlIfs s[ofsnfk afx]ssf cGo sfdf lzIfsnfO cl3 gfg] g klg
glbg]
v= ljBlto xfhLLsf] cEof ug] M ljxfg a]nsLsf] ljBlto xflhL fVg] dlxgfsf] Ps
k6s k|LG6 lgsfn] gtf]t AolQmaf6 lgLIf0fcgud0f k[i7kf]if0f ug nufpg] zdf
lzIfsaf6 z uL kl5 ljBfyLdf klg nfu ub hfg] sg ljBfyL cgklyt eP f] sf]
cgud0f lzIfs cljefjs bjn] ug] uL +oGq agfpg]
u= lzIfscljefjs ljBfyL ljrsf] DaGw ufg] M afn aflnsfsf] zlIfs u0ftsf]
cgud0fsf nflu lzIfs cljefjssf] DaGw xsfo a9fpg ljBfno 8foL k|of]udf
Nofpg] odf ljBfnodf lbPsf] u[xsfo cfkmgf aRrf aRrLn] u] gu]sf]af] hfgsfL
lng ljBfnon] klg u[xsfo lbP glbPsf] r]shfr u] gu]sf] cljefjsn] yfxf kfpg
ljBfnon] 8foL tof uL ljBfyLnfO lbg] ljBfnon] lbPsf] u[xsfo u] gu]sf]
cljefjsfn] x]L u]sf]df xL uL k7fpg] Aofjyf uL jfnaRRffsf] zlIfs pknlAw
cljefjsaf6 d]t ufpg]
3= ljBfno Aofjyfkg ldlt lzIfs aLrsf] Gtng lgo+q0f M ljBfno Aofjyfkg
ldltn] zlIfs u0ft wfdf lzIfsljBfyL cljefjssf] ljr dGjo xsfo ug]
t lgodfgf rNg kg] htf] k|zflgs- lzIfs sf] lj1fkgklIff cflys sfo ~rfng_
sfdf xtIf]k gug]
8= yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f M )) k0ffordfsf] yflgo kf7os|d agfpg kfpg]
cjnfO yflgo kla]z ugfsf] kf7os|d lgdf0f uL bkof]u ug] lzIffnfO
cfjZostf dvL pTkfbgdvLgtddvL xg] uL kf7os|d agfO nfu ug]
r= pQktLsf klIf0fdf wf M klIffsf] pQ kltsf ljBfnox ljr uf]Ko kdf f6ff6
uL hfr ug] Aofjyf ug]
5= ljBfyL f6ff6 M fd|f] ljBfyLxnfO s]xL do ljBfno f6] k9fpg]s]xL ksfsf
Aofjyf u] sdhf] ljBfyL +u 6fOck ug]
h= axsIf lzsfO M lzIfsx gku]sf] ugff] Aofks 5 t gusf] lzIfs ljBfyL cgkft
M dfq 5 hjsL kxf8L efudf of] cgkft M$) ck]Iff ulPsf] 5 yf] ljBfyL ePsf
ljBfnodf axsIff lzIff nfu ug]6lsordf l6r nufotsf k|ljlw k|of]udf Nofpg]fd|f]
ljBfyLnfO k|f]Tflxt uL k9fpg nufpg]
em= v]tfnf lzIfs lgo+q0f M v]tfnf lzIfs fVf] jftljs lzIfs aflx c sfddf hfg]
s|dsf] s8f lgufgL ug]
35 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
-`_ lzIff If]qsf] ljsfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr $ df 566 k]z ulPsf] 5 f] sfoof]hgf nfu
ug]
== jfYo If]q
fd]5fk ckftfnnfO l8hL6n PS ]cN6laquoffp08OlhL d]8Lsn Nofj]6f]L lxt $
306f jfYo ]jf k|bfg xg] uL aGbf]at ldnfpg]
a]8sf] ljs[lt lng]
Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
f36f x]Nykf]i6af]nordfx]Nykf]i6sf] Ifdtf a9fpg]
k|efjsfL k|ltsffTds ]jf ljtf
k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf
jfYo ]jfsf] sfoof]hgf cglr df 566 lbOPsf] 5 f] cgf ug]
36 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo $ M If]qut of]hgf
o cWofodf dVo kfFr ljifout If]q tL cGtut j6f pkIf]qsf f]r k|dv nIo
p2]Zo 0fgLlt sfogLlttyf sfoqmdsf dVo If]qx dfj]z ulPsf] fy sfogLlt+u
DalGwt ftj6f ljljw ljifosf] cjwf0ff tyf f]r kq d]t cglrdf 566 dfa]
ulPsf] 5 o cWofodf jtLj8f e]nfaf6 cfPsf ah]6 tyf sfos|dx tyf gusf ljleGg
ljifout ldlt ljifout lgsfox+u 5nkmn uL f] sf cfwfdf to uLPsf] If]qut
f]rsfogLlt tyf sfos|dx dfa]z ulPsf] 5 j8fut kdf a[t[t ah]6sfos|dx eg]
0fgLlt of]hgfsf] rfyf] efu -efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df_ df dfa]z ulPsf] 5
$= =cflys ljsf
$== s[lif
s= f]r
vfB cfTdlgetflxt afXo lgsfLdf j[l4 xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
Jojflos s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu s[ifsxsf] +yfut +rgf yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
k|dv vfBfGgafnL dswfguxFdf cfTdlgetfdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
kmnkmn tyf tsfL bnxg afnLsf] lgoldt lgsfLdf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
s[lif dx tyf xsfLx k|j4g ug]
e pkof]usf] cfwfdf yfgLo of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
s[lif If]qsf] nufgLdf cgbfg j[l4 ug]
hnjfo cgsng s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
s[lif JojfoLs0fsf nflu + )ampmdash)() Ddsf] s[lif ljsf 0fgLlt tof ug]
lsfgxnfO kmd tyf dx btfdfkmt +ul7t uL klrfng ug]
s[lif k|bzgLynxsf] yfkgf k|fljlwsaf6 lgodLt lkmN8 sf]lrordf
Plss[t s[lifjg tyf kzkfng sfos|d ~rfng ug]
pGgt k|hfltsf] ljsfsf fy yfgLo k|hflt +If0f hljs v]tL k|j4g ug]
s[lif kz pBddf cfwflt 3 jf]huf cleofg cl3 a9fpg]
s[lif kz pBddf cgbfg Ifdtf ljsf nufotsf ]jflxt ojf klrfng ug]
afnL tyf kzwg Iffsf nflu jLdf gLlt nfu ug]
x]s pTkfbgsf] ks]6If]q ljtf uL sfofGjog ug]
37 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rgf ~rf fem]bfL cgGwfg k|ljlwdqL agfO s[lif pBdnfO cfwlgsLs0f
ug]
kflnsftLo ljp j+suf]bfd 3 tyf ]jf s]Gb| ~rfng ug]
gukflnsfnfO lu|g len]h sfos|dsf] kdf ljsf ug]
ljkGg klxrfg ul fjhlgs hUufdf pTkfbg k|f]Tfxg ug]
j8fsf] ljif]ztf cgf cuflgs pTkfbglxt ks]6If]q cujf s[ifs ljsf ug]
kmnkmn gLsf] nflu qmLg xfp lgdf0f ug xof]u ug]
ljz]if of]hgflxt lsfg klro kq lsfg k]Gg of]hgf nfu ug]
Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg cjwf0ffsf] cgz0f ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
ljtf fF36f a]+L =luhg6f ufordf6f kfDtL km]ld6f kmGb]a]+Lsf] $ x]= hdLgdf
lFrfO kofO pTkfbgsf] cGg e08f If]qsf] kdf ljsf ug]
a]L 6fxsf l+lrt xg Sg] If]qdf xfnsf] pTkfbsTj = 6g k|tL x]=af6
a9fP aifdf bf]Aa jifdf t]AAa agfpg]
xfnsf] k|dv vfBfGg afnL sf] cfift pTkfbg ) dL -)=$( 6g k|lt x]=_ af6
a9fP jifdf dL k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] tsfL afnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf 6g
k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] kmnkmnafnLsf] cfift pTkfbg )= 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )=
6g k|=x]= kyenofpg]
xfnsf] gub]afnLsf] cft pTkfbg )=)^ 6g k|lt x]=af6 a9fP jifdf )= 6g
kyenofpg]
k|ltzt afemf] hUuf hdLgnfO cfwf 36fpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gusf] s[lif hljs xfjfkfgL -Agro Ecological Zone_ tyf +efAo v]tL kBtLsf] ljj0f
a[t[t cglr ^ df x]sf] 5 eg] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ ah]6 tyf
sfos|d v08df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf
lgDg adf]lhd 5g
38 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
pk If]q M s[lif ds tyf u]8ful8 jLp a+s
yfkgf
4 5 6 lxdu+uf cf]v|]gL fdk
cuflgs tsfl v]tL 8 6 fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
tsfl tyf hgf ks]6 If]q 6 cf]v|]gL
3 s]f jfL cjwf0ff 1 - 9 j j8fx
df6f] klIf0f lzlj 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfsf] kfgL +sng
a]ddL tsfL v]tL
1 - 9 j j8fx
3]ns[lif cfhf
cfwgLsLs0f ofGqLs0f
3 5 4 8 fF36f fdk lxdu+uf
fd]5fk
kzkfng gZn wf 1 - 9 j j8fx
cfFk cgf skmL v]lt
5 4 3 7 9 2
fdk lxdu+uf fF36f
sfhf] NofordfNofordf b]pfnL
s[lif ljdf sfoqmd 1 - 9 j j8fx
s[lifdf cfwlgs ofGqLs0f -
xft] 6]ofS6y|] _
3 7 5 4 f36f ljtf fdk km]d]6f
luhg6f
s[lif pkh +sng s]Gb|
yfkgf
1 - 9 k|To]s j8fxdf
$===kzkfng
s= f]r
kzk+IfLhGo pTkfbgdf -df c08f bUw_ cfTdlge gu agfpg]
v= k|dv nIoM
kzhGo pTkfbgdf a[l4Fu kzkfng JojfonfO JojfoLs0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
kzkG5L kfngnfO Jofjflos k|ltkwL agfpg] lgoft k|j4g ug]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg uL dNo clea[bL ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kz uf]7 tyf ynf wf ug lglZrt k|ltzt cgbfg tyf k|fljlws xof]u pknAw
ufpg]
kL=kL=cf= vf]]t f]u lgo+q0f cleofgnfO pNn]Vo GogLs0f ug] hgzlSt
]jfx j[l4 ug]
Ps lhNnf Ps 3fF]afnL |f]ts]Gb| yfkgf +rfng sfoqmd ~rfng ug kxn ug]
39 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ljldt ufO elnfO Ts]L eQf cgbfg sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL kfbzL sfofGjog
ug]
bUw tyf df pTkfbg Jojfo bLuf] Jojflos kdf cuf8L j9fpg sfL
sfoljlwnfO k|efjsfL sfofGjog ug]
s[lif jg k|0ffnLnfO k|jwg uL 8fn]3fsf lJfjfx f]Kg] xsfpg]
kzhGo pTkfbgsf] k|zf]wg ug] 8]L km]| xfpKofs]hLordf8laquofO km8-s6L_ agfP
dNo clea[4L ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
xfnsf] j]If0fdf b]lvPsf] kzkfnghGo cfDbfgLnfO aifdf bf]Aa agfpg]
svfsf] bfgfdf k|of]u xg] ds e6df nufotsf sRrf kbfy amp) k|ltzt cfoft e
x]sf] jtdfg cjyfnfO GogLs0f uL sDtLdf ) k|ltzt lgetfdf emg]5
jf8 s[lif kz k|fljlws ljsf ug]
bUw pTkfbgsf] ks]6 If]qxsf] klxrfg ub cfufdL jif leq bUw pTkfbgnfO bf]Aa
agfpg]
k|To]s jif sDtLdf Ps ltxfOsf bn] s[ltd uewf0fsf] +Vofdf al[4 ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf atL cgfsf] a[t[t sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_ df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
k|dv If]q cflys ljsf sfoqmdx
kzkfng
kz aLdf sfoqmd
afv|f kfng ks]6 If]q cfof]hgf-af]o hft_
afv|f kfng vf] wf cfwlgs vf]sf] nflu cgbfg
8fFn]3fF f]k0f tyf gL Jojyfkg
a+ukfng sfoqmd
svfkfng sfoqmd
bwfn ufOeL kfng sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps kz kfng_ nfO
cj k|bfg
ynf wf tyf uf]7 Jojyfkg
kz ladf sfoqmd
gofF k|ljlw k|fljlws xof]u
svf kfng sfoqmd cgbfg
sf]N8 6f] -k|m] ld6 xfp_ +rfnndf cgbfg
Jojflos ufO kfngdf cgbfg
Ps ufFp Ps kz jfYo sfostfsf] Jojyf
yfgLo t b]vL fhwfgL Dd ahf cWoog Jojyfkg
40 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===ko6g
s= f]r
ko6g If]qsf] ljsfdfkmt cflys j[l4 f]hufLsf cj clej[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
yfgLo efiff tyf +s[ltsf] k|j4g xg]5
P]ltxfls dxTjsf yfgxsf] k|jwg +If0f
yflgo f]hufL [hgf
u= p2]Zo
gusf ljleGg efuxnfO ko6sLo cfsifs uGtJosf] iquestkdf ljsf ub ko6g
cfudgdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 uL hgtfsf] cfotdf j[l4 ug]
yflgo pTkfbgxsf] vkt ug]
f+s[lts ljljlws0f+If0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
ko6g Kofs]hx agfO k|jwg ug] e+u]Ldf u+ufnfn kiknfnNofordfNofordfdf
afljofvsdf wfdLscf]v|]gLdf hgfdf cfwflt ko6g k|jwg ug] cgltdf pNNf]vLt
ko6g Kofs]hsf] k|jwg ug]
ko6gaf6 f]hufL cfocfhg agfpg dgf]~hg k|s[ltsf kftflTjs P]ltxfls
wflds fxls ko6gsf] kjfwf lgdf0f jhf k|j4g ]jf ljwfsf] ljtf ug]
]n]3f6 xFb Nof+ordfNof+ordf led]gyfg 9sl+8fF8f e+u]L kiknfn kfs fd]5fk jhf
xFb tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k8fF8f Eo6fj cf]v|gL u0f]z6f nx]gL eGHof+u uf]ug]8fF8f
cfxfn] ufaf6 fF36f lnv vf]nf ofKfml6ordf xb j8f g+ sf] sf]nGhf]3f6 j]SofDk
DefJotf cWoog uL pQm If]qnfO kbdfusf] kdf ljsf ug]
ko6lso ynsf] jf]df hfgsfL lbg] rgf jf]8 fVg] lIft oftfoft ljwf
cfjf ljwf JoJyf ulg]5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfudL jifdf nfv ko6g leqofpg] uL g]kfn e|d0f )) cleofgnfO kmn
agfpg gun] ljljw sfoqmd ~rfng ug]
ko6gsf nflu cfjZos kjfwfx tLo xf]6n tyf lf]6x d7 dlGb tyf
uDafx +If0f ko6lso rgf jf]8 lIft oftfoft nufPtsf ko6g dqL jftfj0f
lhgf ug]
41 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kiknfn-u+ufnfn kfsnfO uof]hgf tof ktsfno dfSjfb rftfL ~rfng uL
uL b]zs ko6sLo ynsf] kdf ljsf ug]
Ldf hf]l8Psf a kflnsfxsf] +oSt kxndf jf8 g+= sf] Ldfdf x]sf] ynxL
8fF8fnfO lhNnfs ljz]if kosLo uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t
ug]
P]ltxfls Dkbf rLdf rLs[t s]jn]Zj dlGb bf]|f] ljZjo4 yn ltNs]yfgnfO
k|dv ko6g uGtJosf] kdf ljsf uL ko6g af]8df lrs[t ug kxn ug]
jf8 g+= sf] jfbLdf xfo +u|xfno lgdf0f ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ko6g k|jwgsf k|tfljt Kofs]hxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df x]sf 5 eg] j8f
tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5 j8f tyf
atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd 5g
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf
k|dv sfos|dx k|tfljt
j8f
yfg
ko6g ko6g kbdfu lgdf0f 59421 led]g yfg 9sl+
ltNs]yfg u9L f]x|
eujlt dGbL ynL
Eo6fj lgdf0f 56712 dfg]8f8f efnvf]k
sfhf] ynL 8f8f]
nx]gL
hflto efiff klxrfg e]if eiff -
tfdfordf du g]jf gjf xfo
dfemL_
1ndash9 j j8f
d7dGbL ukmf uDjfxsf] ko6sLo
If]qsf] nfuL k|rf k|f ug]
589621 fdk fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
b]pfnL ynxL
kiknfnsf] kfs yfkgf tyf
+If0f
8 e+u]L
xfo +u|fxnosf] yfkgf 8 jfbL
ko6g ljsf sf] nfuL Eo 6fj
lf]]6 lgdf0f ynxL Dd]ng
12 ynxL 8f8f
42 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$=pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfklt
s= f]r
cytGqdf pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 uL cflys iquestkfGt0f b[9 cytGqsf]
lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtf uL yfgLo f]hufL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljtfdf lghL If]qnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
yfgLo pBf]u ljsfdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] fem]bfL ljtf
ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
+3Lo sfsf] cflys xfotf k|b]z sfsf] xhLs0fdf yfgLo tx -sf_
lghL If]qsf 5ftf +yfsf k|ltlglw cGo f]sfjfnf d]tsf] Pp6f pkldlt u7g
uL gu kflnsf leq slDtdf $) f]kgL hUufsf] 5gf]6 uL -eP Dd sfL jf
fjhlgs hUuf_ gku]df lghL hUuf vlb uL jf ef8fdf lnO cWoog cgGwfg uL
pBf]u u|fd yfkgf ug] f] yfkgf +rfng ug] k|b]z sfsf] dftxtdf Pp6f
sfo ljlw agfO yfgLo txnfO pknAw ufpg]
n3 3]n tyf fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4g ug]
yfgLo pTkfbg clej[l4 of]hgfdf nufgL a9fpg]
yfgLo pBdLxnfO +ul7t Jojflos agfpg d2t ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
sDtLdf j8fdf jt gdgf pBf]u yfkgf xg]5
r=k|dv sfoqmdx
3]n pBf]u k|j4gfgf pBf]u k|j4g7nf pBf]]u k|j4gcfklt Jojyfkg tyf u0ft
lgoGq0f+yfut ljsfpBdzLntf Ifdtf ljsf o pkIf]qsf k|dv sfos|dx xg
+efAo n3 3]n pBf]ucfo tyf f]hufLsf +efAo If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr df
lbOPsf] 5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df
x]sf] 5 j8f tyf atLtdf dfu ePsf +efAo sfos|dxsf] dVo zf lgDg adf]lhd
5g
43 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|dv If]q M
cflys ljsf k|dv sfoqmdx
k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pkIf]qM pBf]u
tyf jfl0fHo
afF lgufnf] kmlgr9fsf sk8f pBf]u bUw
k|zf]wgbfndf]7 -e6df_ kmlgr pBf]u xflQjf
jf6 pTkfbg xg] fdfu|L
1ndash9
cfg pBf]u 1-9 j8fdf
j6f
fd]5fk sf]]nL 3 yfkgf ^amp
hgf h vkfgLsf] hfd pBf]u sf]bf] kmfk
a]sL pBf]u
^amp
bUw +sng s]Gb| yfkgf 16
lrpL fjg pBf]u 5fnf hQf pBf]u 7
qm jfnjf pBf]u cg+Gwfg 579
Aofjfo z tyf k|jwg (TOPE TOSE) tflnd
+rfng
1ndash9
fOg9+uf pBf]u +rfngsf] nfuL cWoog 1
pBdLnfO gof+ k|ljlw xtfGt0f 1ndash9
lu|n tyf sf7sf] kmflgr pBf]u yfkgf 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
O6f tyf df6f]sf] ef8f pBf]u 3 fF36f
jgdf cfwflt pBd Jojfo +rfng ug] 1ndash9 j
j8fxdf
$=== xsfL tyf ljQ Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfo f]hufLsf nflu cfjZos khL k|ljlw xlnot C0fdf xh kxr n kdf
shf pknAw ug d2t ug]
yfgLotdf 5lP x]sf] kFhL k|ljlw tyf k|ltefnfO jfanDag kfklstfsf
cfwfdf PsLs[t ub gujfLsf] cflys fdflhs tyf fFs[lts k|ult xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIoM
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )ampsf] dd efjg cgkyfgLo pBd
JojfoL jfwf0fn] xh kdf ljQLo tyf dflb|s kxFr j[[l4 ugsf nflu
jf8tdf ljifout xsfLx ljsf tyf Jojflos a+sxsf] zfvf yfkgf
zfvflxt j+lsordf ]jf ~rfng n3 ljQ tyf ljifout xsfLx ljtf ug]
44 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
ljk|]if0faf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLnfO yfgLo f]hufLdf j[l4 ug]
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug lgodg ug]
lghL sfL xsfL fem]bfLsf] dfWodaf6 cfocfhgsf If]q ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
xsfL +yfxiquestsf] k|jbwg ug xsfL v]tL pBf]u jt tyf ]jf Jojfosf
dfWodaf6 fdflhs Gofosf cfwfdf cfTdlge tLa| Pj+ lbuf] kdf yfgLo
cytGqnfO b[9 tNofpg]
uljL lgjf0f sf]ifsf] xof]udf ul7t fdbflos +yfx fdbflos jg tyf
sjlnotL jg pkef]Qmf dxxnfO cfo cfhgsf If]qdf klrfng ug]
ljifout xsfL +yfxsf] dGjoaf6 yfgLo pTkfbg k|0ffnL alnof] agfpg]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
xsfL +yfdfkmt +rfng xg] bw df kmnkmn tyf tsfLhGo k|zf]wg pBf]usf]
nflu cfjZos pks0f vlbdf k|ltzt cgbfg lbg ah]6 Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL +yfxdfkmt ky dNo kn vf]Ng] Jojyf ldnfO fHo Iff klro kq
ePsf gfulsn] ky dNodf cfwfet vfB k|fKt ug] Jojyfkgsf] nflu cgbfg
Jojyf ug]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
zfvflxt js ]jf
xsfL dfkmt ]ld6ofG +rfng
xsfL k|j4g
n3 ljQ tyf zfvflxt j+sxsf] zfvf ljtf
s[lif xsfL yfkgf Jojyfkg ug]
xsfL lzIff ~rfng
xsfL r]tgf sfoqmd -Ps 3 Ps bo sfoqmd_ +rfng ug]
xsfLdf cfwflt pBdxsf] yfkgf
cfOPO ]G6 vf]Ng]
45 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==^=eld Jojyfkg
s= f]r
e Ifdtfe agf6 xfjfkfgL cgf eldsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg fdflhs Gofodf
cfwflt ejfldTj ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
endashagf]6df cfwflt s[lif kz tyf atL ljsf If]qx ljtf ug]
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
u= p2]Zo
eld tyf eld|f]tsf] pTkfbglzn k|of]u dfkmt cfo tyf f]hufL a9fpg] uljL
Golgs0f ug]afemf] klt hUuf hdLgxsf] bkof]u ug ]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug]
eJojyfkg of]hgfcgf pTkfbg tyf af]afsf] Jojyf ldnfpg gdgf If]q
ljsf ug]
gusf] cflys d[4L xg] uL e pof]u ug] f]r kq cglr ^ df lbOPsf] 5 f]
cgf sfos|dx ljsf uL ~rfng ug]
e fdflhs cjyf cjyf lIft cfsifs If]qdf Plss[t atL ljsf ub hfg]
gu If]qdf k0f jf cf+lzskdf hf]lvd +j] bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf(Risk Sensitive
Land Use Map)tofL ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
epkof]udf cfwflt sDtLdf j6f gdgf If]q ljsf ug]
gu leqsf jfFemf] hUufsf] tYof+s lxt bkof]u
v] uPsf] jfL tyf kfvfxdf jxpkof]uL 3fF tyf ljjfx f]Kf0f
r= k|dv sfoqmdxM
e pkof]u gLlt )amp adf]lhd edLsf] auLs0f uL e pkof]u ug] o pkIf]qsf]
k|dv sfos|d xg]5 o uL j8f tyf gusf] ldf Jojyfkg sfL hldg cltqmd0f
lgoGq0f lefnf] hldg Jojyfkg -8fn]3fF f]k0f_ nufot xfjfkfgL cgf +efAo v]tL
kBtLsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr ^ dfVvfu|t If]q edLsf] kgTyfgsf] a[t[t f]r kq
cglr Plss[t jtL ljsfsf cfwfx If]qxsf] a[t[t ljj0f cglr amp df lbOPsf]
5 eg]] j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 kl5Nnf] cWofodf x]sf] 5
46 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==amp= vfgL tyf vlgh kbfYf xsf] bkof]u
s= f]r
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] lbuf] jftfj0fdqL pkof]u ug]
v= k|dv nIo
DefJo a vfgL tyf vlgh kbfysf] klxrfg Jojyfkg of]hgf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
DefJo vfgLIf]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf pkof]u of]hgf agfpg]
lbuf] jftfj0fdqL ljlwdf vlgh kbfyxsf] pkof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo tdf cfjZos kg] lgdf0f fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu lu6L 9ordfuf afnjf
df6f] nufotsf vfgL ~rfng ug]]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
jf8 g+= $ ( df qm pBf]u jf8 g+= ^ df n]6 9+ufsf] vfgL ~rfngDaGwL
DefJotf cWoog uL cfjZos k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfgL tyf vlgh kbfy DefJotf cWoogcflys pkfhg lxtsf] lbuf] pkof]usf]
of]hgf lgdf0f
9ordfuf lu6L afnjf vfgL ~rfngfOg 9ordfufsf] pkof]u
rg9ordfuf vfgLsf] +efAotf cWoog
$=== gtd tyf f]hufL
s= f]r
bIf LkoQm pTkfbgdns dfgj +fwgsf] ljsfaringff jf]hufsf cjxiquest
lhgf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
f]hufLsf cjxiquest lhgf uL a]f]hufL tyf cwa]f]hufL GogLs0f ub
f]hufLsf] xsnfO lglZrt ug]
u= p2]Zo
yfgLo tyf jb]zL f]hufLsf nflu Lk tyf tflndsf cjxiquest j[l4 uL
k|ltkwf ugSg] gtdzlQmsf] ljsf ug]
47 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jb]lzs f]hufLnfO a9L lIft doflbt Jojlyt agfpg xof]u ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j]f]huf hgzlQm btf f]hufLsf cjsf] rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug k|b]zsf]
xsfodf f]huf rgf s]Gb| yfkgf ug]
ojf jf]hufsf] nflu lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfo ug]
ljk|]if0f cfo j+lsordf+ k|0fnLaf6 leqofO otf] sd pTkfbgdns n3 tyf fgf pBf]u
ko6g s[lif Jojfo f]hufdns ]jf If]qdf nufgL ug k|f]Tflxt ug]
f]hufsf Defjgfx ljtfsf nflu lhgfTds cleofgxnfO k|j4g ug]
ordf=k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
lhNnf ojf klifb tyf s]lGb|o ojf klifb +usf] xsfodf ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf
lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf
sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsfnufot ljleGg sfoqmdxiquest sfofGjogsf xg] 5g
gutLo gtd tyf f]huf rgf Pjd k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
zlIfs k|df0f kqsf] lwtf]df C0f pknAw ufpg] Jojyf nfu xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ojfxsf] xeflutfdf ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
pBdL ljsf sfos|ddlxnf pBdL ljsf sfos|datljsf tyf k|lzIf0f sfos|d
j8f tyf gudf f]huf ]jf tyf rgf s]Gb| ~rfng
ojf tyf fgf Aofjzflo sf]if sfos|d dfkmt xof]u tyf xhLs0f
jb]lzs f]hufaf6 kms] jb]zdf sfd ug rfxg] ojfxanfO lkdf cfwflt
pBd ~rfng ug ljz]if ojf jf]huf sfos|d ~rfng ug]
ojf pBdL Dd]ng Aofjzfo lzIf0f
rgf tyf k|lzIf0f s]Gb| yfkgf Jojyfkg
jf]uf lhgfTds sfoqmd
48 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= fdflhs ljsf
$===lzIff
s= f]r
k|To]s gfulsdf lxi0ftf bfrf gltstf dfgjLo dNosf] k|jwg uL +3Lo
nf]stGqsf] +yfut ljsf dnssf] d[lcent hglxtsf nflu yfgLo fli6laquoo
ljZjJofkL cfjZostfdf cfwflt k|ltkwL hgzlSt tof ug]
v= k|dv nIo
lzIffdf asf] kxFr u0ft clej[l4 uL k|ltkwL pBdL hgzlQm pTkfbg uL
cflys fdflhs iquestkfGt0f ug]
u= p2]Zo
a ljBfnoxnfO kjfwf lzIfs lzIf0f fdu|L lzIf0f ljlw kLIff k|0ffnL zlIfs
u0ftn] oSt agfpFb nhfg]
pRr lzIff tyf k|fljlws Jojflos lzIff jne agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lzIffnfO do cgsn Jojxfls k|fljlws pTkfbgdns Pjd hLjgdvL agfpgsf
nflu kflnsftLo lzIff uof]hgf agfO nfu ug]
lgDg tyf dWod juaf6 pTs[i6 cordfs Nofpg] Ps 5fq Ps 5fqfnfO pRr lzIff
5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]
afnaaflnsf ojf tyf gfulsxdf k7g +s[lt ljsfsf nflu j8fxdf fdbflos
cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng ug]
c+u|]hL efiff sDKo6 Lk clej[l4sf nflu c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlwnfO k|efjsfL
agfpg]
ljBfnoxsf] oyfy lylt cWoog uL cfjZoStfcgf dfof]hg ug]
ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL agfpg]
k|fljlws hgzlSt cfkltsf nflu If]qLotsf] k|fljlws lzIffno yfkgf ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| tyf gu ktsfno ~rfng c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ljlw
sDKo6 Lk clej[l4 cleefjs lzIffdf clej[l4 ePsf ljBfnoxsf] kjfwf
Jojyfkg bIf lzIfssf] baGbL lbjf vfhf ljBfnox k|ljlwdqL ePsf] ljBfno
+Vof sDtLdf )Uuml kUg]5
49 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
zlIfs +yfdf ljBfnodf ljBfyL +Vof cgf sIffsf]7f v]n dbfg sDkfp08
3]faf afndqL afO Jojyf jftfj0f dqL xftf s]fafL kmn afL jR5 lkpg]
kfgL 5fq 5fqfsf nflu cnu cnu zfrfno tyf lsfO dqL jftfj0f xg] 5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk gukflnsfn] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf Aofjyfkgsf nflu fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]
lzIff P]g )amp hfL ul nfu ul s]sf] 5 f] cgk gusf] lzIff If]qsf] ljsf
Aofjyfkgsf nflu gukflnsfsf] lzIff zfvfsf] f]r kq tof uL cglr $ df 566 k]z
ulPsf] 5pQm P]g tyf f]r kqdf x]sf sfos|dx gun] k|fyldstfsf fy ~rfng ug]
5 j8f tyf atL cgfsf] sfos|d ah]6 efu $ -ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08_df x]sf] 5
j8f tyf jtLe]nfaf6 cfPsf dVo dVo sfos|dx lgDg x]sf 5g
k|dv If]q M
fdflhs
ljsf
k|dv sfoqmdx k|tfljt
j8f yfg
pk If]q M lzIff kLIff tyf pQ kltsfJojyfkglzIf0f
k|ljlw tyf u0ft clej[l4
1ndash9 j
ljBfnox
j ljBfnodf b]vL Dd c+u|]hL
dfWoddf cWofkg
1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljBfyL lsfO pknJwLnfO bf]Jj jgfpg] 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs nfO k]zfut tfnLd 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
lzIfs balGb ldnfg 1ndash9 j ljBfnox
ljkGg jfnafnLsf 5fqa[tL sfoqmd lbjf
vfhf
1ndash9 j j8fsf
ljBfnox
ljBfno dh lghLgtf]t Jojyfkg
l8hL6n xfhLL Jojyf
1ndash9 j j8f
sfofno
gutLo k|fljwLs lzIffno yfkgf
-s[lif kz tyf cf]elo_
1ndash9 +efljt If]qdf
gutLo ktsfno +rfng 8 fd]5fk
50 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== jfYo
s= f]r
u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf a hgtfsf] kxFrdfkmt jy an gfuls ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a gfulsnfO cfwfet u0ftLo jfYo ]jfxiquest pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf] kxFr tyf u0ft j[l4 ug]
PsLs[t jfYo]jfdfkmt a gfulsxnfO jy hLjgofkgsf] cfwf lgdf0f ug]
a9bf] qmddf x]sf] gg] f]uxsf] k|sf]knfO jYo hLjgznLdfkmt lgoGq0f ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
lhNnf cktfnnfO yk k|ljlw xh ]jfoSt agfpg]
lgzNs ljtLt xg] cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f
ug]
cGo fem]bfLdf cfFvf d6 d[ufnf tyf qL f]u DaGwL lzljx ~rfng ug]
jf tyf ofghGo f]ux lgoGq0fsf nflu hgr]tgf cleofgnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
cfdf dx tyf ~hfnxnfO lqmo kdf klrfng ufO fdbflos jfYonfO
b[9 agfpg]
a j8fxdf jfYo ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg jfYo rfsLnfO ljwfoSt agfpg]
jfYo s]Gb|xdf sfot sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf k|f]Tfxg sfoqmd ~rfng
ug]
zflLs dfgls cfWoflTds jfy lzIff ]jf cfd dflgdf kyenofpg]
jfYo ]jf k|jwgsf] nflu gusf] jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq cglr df 566 lbOPsf]
5 f] cgfsf] ]jf k|jfx ulg] 5
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
Ts]L cfdf tyf gjhft lzz d[Tob zGodf sfod fVg $ 306] k|tL ]jf
~rfng x]sf j8fdf yk Jojlyt ug] afFsLdf pQm ]jf ljtf ePsf] xg]5
a j8fdf x]sf jfYo rfsLxdf k0f baGbL k0f ]jf lbgSg] 5g
51 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|fs[lts jfYo ]jf k|j4gsf nflu k|fs[lts lrlsTf cfoj]b csk|] of]u Wofg
yfgLo h8La6Ldf cfwflt jfYo ]jfs]Gb| ~rfngdf cfpg]5
g]kfn sf4ff lgzNs ljtLt $ yLsf cfifwLx a jfYo rfsL tyf zxL
jfYo OsfOxaf6 ljt0f ePsf] xg]5
j jfYo ]jf lbg] lgsfoxdf k0f dfgjLo +fwgsf] Jojyf ulg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk lhNnf cktfnnfO a]8df lasf ug]
Odh]GL ck]zg -sDtLdf lhlog Pk]G8]S6f]dL_ dfOg tyf OG6d]l8o6 hL
sf] Jojyf ug]
cN6ffp08 PS] d]l8sn Nofaf]]6L OlhL ut lkfj lbfsf] sNr
]lGl6le6L a]8 cfOlo
x]s aif sDtLdf k6s a laifosf laz]if1 ]jf k|bfg ug]
cGo cktfn+u ldn] jfYo laifosf Aoaflos tflnd s]Gb|sf] yfkgf
x]s j8fxsf] jtLxdf cfdf aRrf a[Wb a[Wbfxsf] jfYo k|jWbg PsfOxsf]
Aoayf ug]
x]s laBfnox cktfnx dbfoxsf kmf]xf]xsf] +sng ug] Aoayf TonfO
Ps yfgdf hDDff ul sDkf]li6+u lfOsnsf nflu sfos|dxsf] Aoayf ug]
vfg]kfgL rkL dxLgfjfL cGo dodf dlxnfxsf nlfu gxfpg] yfgsf] Aoayf
ldnfpg]
laBfnoxdf laBfno jfYo sfos|dsf fy lszf]Lxsf nflu dlxgfjfLsf
dodf gxfpg] yfg ]lg6L Kof8xsf] Aoayf ug]
kf]if0f s]fafLtsfL kmnkmnsf nflu gfulsxnfO pTflxt ug] sfos|dx
lszf] lszf]Lxsf nflu k|hgg jfYo lzIff sfos|ddf hf]8 lbb fgf] pd]df
laafx uenfO lgTflxt ug] kfdz k|bfg ug]
x]s kljfdf dgf]fdflhs kfdz cfocfhg cyf]kfhg jfYodf nufgLsf
af]df k|f]Tflxt ug]
vf]ksf] sfos|dnfO x]s kljfdf clgjfo kdf kUg] 9fFrfdf lasf ug]
x]s uejtLsf] plrt hfFr NNffx lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
dlxnfxsf] tgsf] SofG kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofGsf] 5gf]6 pkrfsf] sfos|d
+rfng ug]
52 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
laBfnoxdf jflifs kdf clgjfo cfFvf tyf bfFt klIf0f JffYo lzIff pkrfsf]
Aoayf
a[4 a[4fxsf nflu Dk0f jfYo klIf0f kljfdf gx]sfxsf nflu cfgtosf]
Aoayf
kms Ifdtf ePsf gfulsxsf nflu JffYo ]jfsf] Aoayf
$== vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
s= f]r
ekbf] u0ftLo jne vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jfaf6 gfulssf] jfYo tyf
hLjgznLdf wf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
a hgordfVofnfO cfwfet vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
dWod tyf pRrtsf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ]jf ljtf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO Jojlyt ug |f]t cgfsf] pkef]Qmf ldlt j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL
Jojyfkg ldlt agfO lgoldt ]jfx Grfng ug]
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkgsf] cjwf0f
cglr cgf kfgLsf dxfg jLklsf hnfwf If]qsf] Aofjyfkg ug]
vfg]kfgL ]jfnfO k|efjsfL agfpg j8f tdf vfg]kfgL k|fljlws pTkfbg uL
klrfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
j8ftsf] vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldlt lgdf0f ePsf] xg]5
kfgLsf] a9L cfjZoStf |f]tsf] Defjgf ePsf 7fpFxdf gu tyf k|b]zsf]
dGjodf gsf]zL lnv a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL Jojyfkg ldltsf] u of]hgf agfO nfu xg]5
fdk lxdu+uf sfhf] f]5fk lxdu+uf j6f j8fnfO d]6g] uL gu tyf
k|b]zsf] dGjodf gsf]zL a[xb lnˆ6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng xg]5
fF36fb]pfnLuf]7ufFp lxdu+ufsf] s]xL e]u d]6g] uL gu tyf k|b]zsf] dGjodf
lnv a[xb vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ~rfng ug]xg]5
53 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
vfg]kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf lbuf] cfktLsf] nflu VVff If]q Aofjyfkg
vfg]kfgL ]jfljtfsf] cefj ePsf If]qxsf] ljsfsf] nfuL cGo lhNnfkflnsfxdf
dGjo ul kxn ug]
jR5 tyf lkpgof]Uo vfg]kfgLsf] lglZrttfsf] Uof]G6L ug]
kfgLsf] |f]t +If0f tyf Jojyfkgdf dbfonfO klrfng ug] vfnsf] sfoqmd
+rfng ug]
+yfutljsf tyf bLuf] Jojyfkgsf] nfuL ljz]if sfoqmd +rfng ug]
vfg]kfgL tyf
kmfO
sfoqmdx j8fx yfg
gsf]]l a[xt lnkm6 vf=kf 54786 fdk lxdu+uf sfhf
fd]5fk cf]v|]gL
lnv a[xt vf=kf= f36f
b]pfnL uf]7ufFp lxdu+uf
3214 f36f b]pfnL uf]7ufFp
lxdu+uf
jhf If]qsf] nfuL 9n tyf
gfnf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
fjhlgs tyf jhf Ifqdf
86Lgsf] Jojyfkg -slxg]
gslxg] lzfhGo
wft_Kofi6Ls hGo kmf]xf]sf]
nflu Of] sfos|d
1ndash9 jhf If]q j
l8|laquon vfg]kflgsf] cg+wfg tyf
+rfng
2578 sfhf] fdkfd]5fk
k|b]ztaf6 ~rfng xg] vfg]kfgL of]hgfx
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
1 5ltjg] vf=kf=cf= 8505 4900 1500 qmdfut
2 ldlGt 6fxf
vf=kf=cf= 2542 2100 700 qmdfut
3 uf]n]vf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= cf]v|]gL 2649 2100 700 qmdfut
4 lgdn vf= kf= cf= 1212 2100 700 qmdfut
5 f+36f jhf lnv
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1438 2100 700 qmdfut
54 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
l=g= cfof]hgfsf] gfd nfeflGjt
hg+Vof
rfn
)amp$divide^$divide^ df
ljlgof]lht ah]6 -
xhfdf_
rfn )ampdivideamp^
df k|tfljt
ah]6 -
xhfdf_
slkmot
-DkGg xg] jf
qmdfut xg]_
6 fd]5fk lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 742 1050 500 qmdfut
7 jljofvs
vf=kf=cf= 664 1050 500 qmdfut
8 cf]vvf]nf ef]S6]gL
ufFjf]6 lnkm6
vf= kf= cf=
486 1050 500 qmdfut
9 lxdu+uf
vf=kf=cf= 555 700 700 qmdfut
10 ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6
vf=kf=cf= 1818 700 700 qmdfut
11 ldv]t sfsL6f]n
vf=kf=cf= 802 700 700 qmdfut
12
lnkm6 vfg]kfgL
of]hgf f+36f
fd]5fk
3130 700 100 qmdfut
13 8f+8fuf+p sljnf
efnvf]k vf=kf=cf= 904 700 700 qmdfut
14 vf]kfgL Nn]
lnkm6 vf=kf=cf= 1144 1190 400 qmdfut
15
sflQs lnkm6
vf=kf=cf=fd]5fk
e+u]L
6204 700 100 qmdfut
gtf]tM vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg sfofno d+ynLfd]5fk
$==$= efiff snf flxTo +s[lt k|j4g
s= f]r
ax f+s[lts klxrfg xcltTjk0f befjdf cfwflt dfhsf] lgdf0f ePsf]
xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
eflifs f+s[lts wflds kftflTjs tyf P]ltxfls Dkbfxiquestsf] +If0fdf +j4g
xg]5
55 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
a hfltdividedbfoxiquestsf] cfndashcfkmgf] dflns f+s[lts kDkfxiquestsf] hu]gf uL
g]kfnsf] f+s[lts klxrfgsf] +j4g ug
esDknufotsf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 Ifltu|t P]ltxfls kftflTjs f+s[lts
Dkbfsf] kglgdf0f +If0f ug]
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu gusf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ufO klrfng ug]
ko6sLo If]qnfO s]lGb|t uL f+s[lts +u|xfno fordfuLlts s]Gb|x yfkgf uL
+s[lt +If0fdf 6]jf kyenofpg]
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] kj cn kDkf Pjd hfqfxsf] +If0f tyf k|j4g ug]
jf8sf ljleGg If]qsf gfulsxsf] lhgf emfj xof]u ljrf +sngsf nflu
gfuls ljrf j+s yfkgf ug k|f]Tfxg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
efiff flxTo ordfuLt tyf gf6osnf nlntsnf If]qsf] +If0f tyf ljsf ePsf]
xg]5
bL3sflng ljsfsf nflu jf8sf snf flxTo +uLtsf lrqsf dltsf
+s[ltsdL cflbnfO +ul7t ePsf] xg]5
gutsdf ljwf tyf k|ljlw DkGg fdbflos cWoog s]Gb| Pjd ktsfno
yfkgf ePsf] xg]5
yfgLo hfthfltxsf] e]if eiff efiff flxTo +s[lt afhf cflbsf] If0f
k|j4gsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
kftflTjs Dkbf +If0f tyfkjfwf ljsf
f+s[tL +u|fno yfkgf -jx f+s[lts_
snf flxTo +lut k|j4g -yfgLo ljsfdf flxTo hfu0f_efifflnkL e]ifeiff
+If0f
dlGb +If0f
gf6s xn lxtsf] ktfsfno
efiffflxTo+uLt +s[lt k|j4g
lrqsnf dltsnf k|j4[g
f+s[ltshfu0f cleofg
pBfgtyf dfs
56 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$===~rf ]jf
s= f]r
gjLg k|ljlwxiquestsf] clwstd pkof]u ub rgf tyf ~rf ]jfdfkmt fdflhs
f+s[lts ljsf tyf cflys d[l4df 6]jf ku]sf] xg]5
v= k|dv nIo
u|fdL0ftdf pknAw xgSg] ~rf k|0ffnLsf ]jfx xh kdf pknAw ufpg]
u= p2]Zo
rgf tyf ~rf k|ljlwnfO gjLgtd ekbf] u0ftLo kxFrof]Uo agfO yfgLo
ljsfdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
gu cfd gfulsaLr ljsfsf rgf tyf ljrfx cfkL kxFrdf kofpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo ]l8of] tyf kqklqsfxnfO yfgLo gfulssf] ljsfdf 6]jf kyenofpg] uL
k|f]Tfxg klrfng ug]
rgf k|ljwLsf] If]qdf ePsf] cn cEofnfO cg0f uL sfn] k|bfg ug] a
]jfnfO qmdz ljBtLo k|0ffnLdf kfGt0f uL ]jf k|bfosDd kofpg]
ordf= k|dv kl0ffTds gtLhf
6]nLkmf]g ]jfsf] xh kxFr xg]5
j8ftdf x]sf a sfofnoxdf OG6g]6sf] ]jfsf] ku]sf] xg]5
yfgLo sfaf6 xg] Dk0f rgf k|ultx ljBtLo dfWodaf6 pknAw xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
df]jfOn kmf]g 6fj Ifdtf ljtf $( lxdu+uffdk b]pfnL f36f
uf]7ufpF NofFuNofFu
j sfL sfofno tyf ljBfnoxdf
g]6sf] ljwf kofpg] 1-9 j j8fx
8LhL6n k|ljlwaf6 gusf x]s gfulssf]
rgf +u|x cBfjlws ug] 1-9 j j8fx
a j8fsfofno gunfO rgf
k|ljlwaf6 hf]8g] 1-9 j j8fx
$==^= hg+Vof Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ordfVof jftfj0f ljsfaLr fd~ho sfod uL lbuf] ljsfsf dfWodaf6
hLjgtdf u0ftLo wf ug]
57 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= k|dv nIo
cflys kdf lqmo hg+Vofsf] 7nf] lxf ufpFd klrfng ePsf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
bIftf lr Ifdtfsf] cfwfdf gusf gfulsxnfO ljsf sfodf cfd klrfng
ug]
ljleGg xof]uL +yfdfkmt hg+Vof Jojyfkg lzIffnfO ufpF gudf kofpg]
Plss[t jtL ljsf tkm nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
u|fdL0f If]qdf Plss[t jtL Jojyfkgsf] cjwf0ff cgf lzIff jfYo kjfwf
f]hufLsf cj k|jwg ug]n3 3]n pBdpBf]u u|fdyfg ljz]ifsf ljleGg
ljz]iftfoQm u|fdsf] cjwf0ff cgf ljsf ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
cfGtls afOFndashfOsf] Jojyfkg eO PsLs[t zxL ljsf xg]5
ufpFd aL jf]hufdf +nUg xg] bIf hgzlStsf] b pNn]Vo j[l4 xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hg+Vof lzIff
ufpF kms cleofg
Jojlyt af]af
ojf jf]huf of]hgf lgdf0f
$==amp= nlIot ju sfoqmd
s= f]r
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf Ifd dxnfO ljsfsf] dnwfdf klrfng
ug] tyf sdhf] juxnfO kfljfls tyf +yfut +If0f cfocfhgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
ljsfsf]] dnwfdf kxFr gku]sf ljkGg tyf cNkVos hghflt dlxnfxnfO lzIff
jfYo f]hufL nufotsf If]qdf Gofof]lrt kxFr j[l4 ug]
u= p2]Zo
ljsf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf a nlIot jusf]
dfgkflts k|ltlglwTj k|j4g ug]
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf] cfwfet jfYo tyf lzIffdf kxFr j[l4 ug]
58 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
kljf OsfO s]lGb|t fdflhs klrfng k4lt ckgfO cgtktf DaGw alnof]
agfpg]
cflys zfLls tyf fdflhs kdf sdhf] x]sf juxnfO +If0f cfocfhgsf]
kxFr a9fpg]
blnt dbfosf afnaflnsfxnfO Jojflos tyf k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ
JojyfkghftLo lje]bsf lj4 sfggL fIftf sfoqmdnfO cleofggukflnsfdf
jb]lzs f]hufL DjGwL rgf 8]s yfkgf h]i7 gfuls larf rftfL ++rfng
afn ljjfx dQm gucQm cxfo a]afl] JolQmxsf] +If0fsf nflu cyfoL
+If0fs]Gb lgdf0f ug]
dlxnfxsf] zfLls dfgls tyf fdflhs Iffsf] cjyfnfO b[9 ug Gofo
ldltsf] Ifdtf bIftf of]hgfxsf] ljz]if k|j4g ug]
cQm tyf ckfordfuxsf] xslxt Iff Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu fdflhs Iff
sfoqmdsf fy cfocfhgsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
afnaflnsfsf] clwsf lglZrt eO pgLxsf] du| lyltdf wf ePsf] xg]5
ljkGg lk5l8Psf dlxnfnfO lk tyf pBdlzntf ljsfdfkmt f]hufLsf] cj
j[l4 xg]5
jfn ljjfx bfOhf] k|yf ltns b]psL jf]SL 5fpk8L nufot a k|sfsf sLtL
cGwljZjf dlxnf lx+fdf GogLs0f xg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] = nfv Dd ljdf+s sdsf] jfYo ljdf sfn] Joxf]g] 5
dlxnf tyf nlIft jusf lg0fo k|s[ofdf +nUtf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
fdflhs nlEumls tyf hflto lje]bdf sdL cfPsf] xg]5
ckfEumltf cSt gfulssf] fdflhs Iff Ddfgsf] cjyfdf a[l4 ePsf] xg]5
59 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx v08 $ df x]sf] 5 hsf]
zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmd M dxdivide~hfn u7gdividekgu7g dlxnf pBd btf+oQm nfnkhfsf]
ljt0fdf j[l4 dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd dlxnf
f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg nf]s]jf tflnd Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg
sfoqmd gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f du| dlxnf ljsf
f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng
tyf Jojyfkg j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs
h]08 cl86 dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf j8f tLo
dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp cfslds
sf]if klrfng dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmd M ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmd M kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr
sfoqmd ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfuls M lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls
+If0f r]tLs0f sfoqmd
hghftL nlIft M hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M 4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls
zlQms0f
ojf nlIft M ojf ~rf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf pBd sfoqmd
ojf nlIft fli6laquoo jf]huf sfoqmd ojf lk tyf g]t[Tj ljsf u|fdL0f ojf sfoqmd
cGtut hellipbz ojf Ps pBdUacute sfos|dx
$== v]nsb
s= f]r
v]nsbsf] dfWodaf6 ojf tyf afnaflnsfxdf zflLs jfYosf fy fdflhs
befj j[l4 ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gu tyf j8ftdf v]nsbsf kjfwfx ljtf ug]
60 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
v]n v]nsb dx tyf v]nf8LxnfO k|j4g ug]
v]nsb If]q k|j4gsf nflu fdflhs xeflutf j[l4 ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cf]v]|gL sfhf]df gu tlo km6an dbfg lgdf0f uL gusf] v]nsb ljsfdf
6]jf kyenofpg]
v]nsb If]qsf] ljsfsf] nflu v]nf8L klxrfg+u7g k|lzIf0f sfoqmdx ~rfng
ug]
ordf =k|dv gtLhf
gutLo d]osk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf ~rfng xg]5
lqms]6 v]ndf k|b]z tlo v]nsb s]Gb| yfkgf xg]5
lhNnfdf Jojflos v]nsbsf] ljsf xg]5
ojfxsf] lhgflzntf tyf Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
v]nsb kjfwf ljsf sfoqmd
v]nsb k|j4g sfoqmd
sfos|d j8f yfg
x]s j8fdf j6f j8f tlo v]n dbfg 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo dosk elnjn tyf km6jn k|ltof]uLtf +rfng 8 fd]5fk
v]nsb Sna u7g v]]nsb fdfu|Lsf] Jojyfkg kmlgr 1-9 j j8fdf
gutLo sj8xn yfkgf 8 fd]5fk
$= kjfwf ljsf
$== 8s tyf kn
s= f]r
8s ~hfnnfO cflys d[l4sf] d]b08sf] kdf ljsf ug]
v=k|dv nIo
fhwfgLb]lv bdsfd g=kf s]Gb| tyf a j8f s]Gb|Ddsf] 8s jofd rNg]uL
ljsf ug]
61 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0ff+u d]n vfg] uL kjfwfsf
sfo[s|d sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
u= p2]Zo
8s kjfwfsf] ljsf tyf ljtf ug]
a j8fs]Gb|Dd 8s kofpg]
8s ljtfnfO cflys sfoqmd+u hf]8] nhfg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
= k|fyldlss0f osf cfwf M 8s dx+uf] kjfwf xf] osf] ddt Dxf nfut k6s
k6s nfluxg]e Ifo hf]vLd nufotsf hf]vLd hf]l8Psfn] 8s lgdf0fsf] cflrTo
vf dxTj x]] dfq 8s gof 6laquoofs vf]lng] 5 gof 6laquoofs vf]Ng kj lgDg sfxsf]
cfwfdf k|fyldlss0f ulg] 5 M
ljz]if cflys pkfhgsf If]qx-s[lif kfs]6cGg tsfL bwkmnkmn_ 5g 5gg lt
gu atLnfO vf cfDbfgL f]hufL xg] If]q-lgdf0f fdu|L_ xf] xf]Og lt
vf ko6lso cfsif0f k|a]z4f aGg] yn xf] xf]Og lt
ahf s]Gb|Aofkfls s]Gb| +usf] DaGw ljtf xf] xf]Og lt
j8fgusf sfofno tyf cGt j8fkflnsf cGt lhNnfsf 3gf jtL +u DaGw
ljtf xg]
lgodLt oftfoft rf ePsf 8s+u hf]l8g] zfvf 8sx
= 8s kjfwfaf6 k|ToIf nfe kfpg kg] M kjfwf ljsfaf6 clwstd nfe lngsf nflu
8s lawf kUg] If]qdf tTsfn f]hufL cfo cfhgdf a9fjf lbgSg] s[lif tyf kzkIfL
-s[lif kz ljsf dTo ljsf_ tyf u s[lif -n3 pBf]u pBd Jojfo_ DaGwL
cflys tyf fdflhs ljsfsf lqmofsnfkx pQm If]qdf g s]lGb|t -sGG6laquo]6_ uL Ps
If]qn] csf] If]qsf] ljsfdf klkstf sfod xg] uL ~rfng ugkg]5
= 8sdf nufgL ubf 6laquoofs vf]Ng] sfonfO sd k|fyldstf lbO ex]sf 8sxnfO afx|
dlxgf oftfoft rf ug 8ssf] t pGgltsf fy 8s +rgf knndashkn]f lgdf0fdf
k|fyldstf lbg] gutlo eGbf j9L j8ftlo j8ftlo eGbf j9L jtL tlo
8sdf j9L nfut xeflutf h6fpg]
8s DalGw cGo 0flgltx
jf8tLo 8sxnfO k|fyldsLs0f uL nfut xeflutf a9fpg]
j8f tLo of]hgf 5gf6 ubf Gogtd = nfvsf] dfq 5gf+6 ul sfofGjog tkm
zjft ulg] 5
62 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgoldt oftfoft ~rfng xFb cfPsf sRrL 8sxsf] tpGgtL tyf sfnf]kq] uL
blgs oftfoft ~rfngdf xhtf Nofpg]
lgdf0f If]qdf jftfj0fdqL xlt k|ljlwnfO k|jwg ug]
cGo +3 +yf d]tsf] xof]udf kn kn]f tyf fF3x lgdf0f tyf ddt ug]
gusf ljz]if cfof]hgfnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf fvL sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfjZos kg] gofF 6laquoofsx jif leq vf]nL Sg]
sf]nf]Ghf]3f6df kSsL kn lgdf0f uL fd]5fk lhNnfsf] kjL If]qnfO lGwnL f]nvDa
tyf cf]vn9ordfufnfO 8s oftfoft ~hfn hf]8g]
j8f g+ (ampsf] gsf]zL gbL lsgfdf k|t dfqfdf jfnjf vfgL b]lvPsf]n] gusf]
cfDbfgL tyf f]hufL lhgfsf lu6Lafnjf pBf]u yfkgf ug 8s ljtf ug]
8s lgdf0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf +l3o sf cGo +3 +yfxsf] nufgL leqofpg]
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= ( led]gyfg af6 dlg3f6 xb sf]nf]~hf] 3f6 fF36f xb
nsbf]efg uf]ug]8fF8fF b]pfnL u0f]]z6f efnvf]k fd]5fk Ddsf] 8snfO
gutLo rqmky lgdf0f ug] k|b]z sfFu cgf]w d]t uL sfofDe ulg] 5
kiknfn kfs b]lv sf]nf]~hf]3f6 Ddsf] 8snfO gusf] ufasf] of]hgfsf] kdf
sfofGJfog ulg] 5 o b]lv afx]s cGo 8sx gutLo j8ftdf +rfng
xg]5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lgdf0ffwLg ejg DkGg ug sfofno ejg gePsf j8fxdf
sfofno ejg lgdf0f ug lgdf0f sfo DkGg xg afFsL j8f sfofnosf] lgdf0f sfo
DkGg ug cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsf leqsf 8s ljsfsfnflu 8s uof]hgf tof ul nfu ulg]
5
guafLxnfO oftfoft cfjfudg xhtfsf nflu lgDg yfgxdf df]6]jn kn
lgdf0f ug k|b]z sf +u cgf]w ulg]5
kmnf6] vf]nf j8f g++= $
kmGb|L vf]nf j8f g++= $
km]d]6f lnvvf]nf j8f g++= $
63 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
rlsof3f6 gsf]zL j8f g+=
ftf6fxf gsf]zL j8f g+= (
ljtf6f gsf]lz j8f g+= amp
guafLxnfO cfjfudg xhtfsfnflu gu a ~rfngdf Nofpg] gLlt cjnDag
ulg]5
fd]5fk ahfdf Jojlyt akfssf] lgdf0f ub cGo j8fxdf klg akfs +efJotf
cWoog uL sfofGjog ulg] 5
$===ejg atL tyf zxL ljsf kglgdf0f
s= f]r
lIft tyf Jojlyt atL ljsf uL a gfulsnfO lIft cfjfsf] kxFr a9fpg]
v= k|dv nIo
PsLs[t u|fdL0f atL ljsfsf] cfwf tof ug]
fd]5fk ahfnfO Plss[t ahf Aofjyfkg
Plss[t atL ljsfsf] tyf kjfwfsf] cfwf tof ug]
u= p2]Zo
esDkaf6 Ifltu|t +rgfsf] lbuf] lIft of]hgfa4 iquestkdf oyfzL3| lgdf0f uL
kLl8t JolQm tyf dbfosf] hghLjgnfO sDtLdf klg k|sf]kkjsf] cjyfdf kgyfkgf
ug]
of]hgfj4 zxL tyf u|fdL0f kjfwf ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
cglr amp df pNn]lvt Plss[t jtL ljsfsf] cjwf0f cgf sfos|d cl3 a9fpg]
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg
Ps gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO dWogh ub aeligfli6laquoo e -pkof]u gLlt
)^(AElig sf cfwfdf eldnfO ljefhg ug] uL e -pkof]u gSf tof uL tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq ejg lgdf0f cgdlt k|bfg ug] ljz]if1xsf]
+nUgtfdf hf]lvdoQm If]qsf] klxrfg uL ejg lgdf0f ug k|ltaGw nufpg lkmflz
ug]
64 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o gukflnsfsf] cfGtls cfo clt g sd ePsf]n] cfo|f]tdf a[l4 ugsf] nflu
fd]5fk ahfdf lkordf sDKn]S lgdf0f ug cfjZos Jojyf ulg] 5
zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu gu ljsf sf]ifx +usf] xof]u xsfodf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
gu leq $amp) j6f 5lP x]sf atLx 5goL atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg
xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6 cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL
sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug]
JojlytxLs0fsfnflu pkoQmyfgsf] klxrfguLhUuf PsLs0f cfof]hgf
~rfng ulg]5
clt cfjZos ]jf k|bfg ugkg] +yfut ejgnfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lgdf0f ug]
PsLs[t jtL lgdf0fsf] jftfj0f agfpb ahf s]Gb|x Jojyfkg ub nhfg]
fdbflos ejg lgdf0fsf nflu cGo +3yfsf] ah]6nfO k|fyldstf lbg]
efuf]lns kdf ljs6 tyf ljktsf] pRr hf]lvdoQm yfgdf jf]jf ePsf
3kljfnfO yfgLo txsf] xof]u xsfodf Plss[t atLdf yfgfGt0f xg
k|f]Tfxg ug]
kjfwf ljtfdf jftfj0fdqL k|ljlwnfO k|fyldstf lbg]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
e+u]L b]vL efnvf]k ahf Ddsf] If]q lnO Plss[t zxLsf] u of]hgf lgdf0f ug]
5lP x]sf atLxnfO 8s sf]l8f] +u ldnfg xg] uL pknAw euf]n e agf6
cgf k|To]s j8fdf b]vL j6f Dd xg] uL sfL gLlh fem]bfLdf Plss[t
jtL ljsfsf sfoxsf] k|jwg ug] zxL ljsf tyf ejg lgdf0f ljefu +usf]
xsfosf f] sf] cjwf0f kq tyf 8L=kL=cf=ug k|tfj ug]
sDtLdf j8ftdf j6f xf6 ahf yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
sDtLdf j6f PsLs[t gdgf atL lgdf0f eO af]af xg]5
esDk k|efljt a 3x kgyflkt xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fd]5fk ahfdf Aofjlyt akfs tyf xf6 ahf yn lgdf0f
gdgf jtL tyf Plss[t jhf ljsf
65 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Aofjlyt ahfL s0fsf] nflu kjfwf lgdf0f kglgdf0f -fjhlgs zfrfno lgdf0f
9n gfnf Jojyfkg- 8s tyf ahf If]q u|Lg kfs Jojyfkg JojyLt kz jBzfnf
lgdf0f
Ps 6f]n Ps fdbflosdivideljkt cfjf u[x
ahf Jojyfkg ldlt u7g tyf klrfng
$=== lFrfO
s= f]r
Dk0f s[lifof]Uo elddf afx| dlxgf lFrfO ljwf kyenofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
lFrfO uof]hgf tof eO of]hgf cjlwdf lFrfO kUg afFsL lFrfOof]Uo eldsf]
sDtLdf k|ltzt nIo xfln ug]
u= p2]Zo
ll~rt If]q j[l4 ugsf fy hn|f]tsf] axp2]ZoLo pkof]udf hf]8 lbg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
l+rfO ljwfdf a[l4 uL lFrfO Jojyfkg k|0ffnLb[9 ug]
kSsL snf] cfof]hgfnfO fgf l+rfO tyf gusf] xof]udf ~rfng ug]
gudf ljt[t l+rfO of]hgf tof uL Jojlyt kdf l+rfOsf] Jojyf ldnfpg]
ordf = k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
fd]5fk g=kf=leqsf Uuml v]lt of]Uo hldgdf l+rfO ljwf pknAw xg]5
guleqsf] Vvf If]qxdf -ht xb]gL3f6 ft6f ljtf6f wg]3f6 Ifltjg]
dGnL3f6 b]pfnLj]L 3fuj]Lxf8]6ff3F6fj]lf sdn6f_ lnKfm6 lrfO ljtf
xg]5
vfB Iff clej[l4sf nflu gsf]zL lnv kmnf6]vf]nf htf 7nf l+rfO
cfof]hgfxsf] sdfG8 Plofleq 3g s[lif sfos|d ~rfng xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
7nf l+rfO sfoqmd
fgf l+rfO sfoqmd
l+rfO hnfwf Jojyfkg sfoqmd
66 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$==$ phf tyf ljBt
s= f]r
a 3wLdf ljBt ]jf kofpg]
yfgLo hnljBt ljsfaf6 ljBtdf cfTdlgetf xfln ug]
v= k|dv nIo
3]n k|of]hgsf] ljBt ]jf a 3wLdf kofOSg]
u= p2]Zo
3foL tyf pTkfbg k|of]hgsf nflu ljBt ljtf ug]
hnljBt ljsfdfkmt ljBt cfklt tyf ljQLo kFhL cfhg ug]
n lgoldt ljBt cfkltsf nflu jslNks phf k|j4g ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
wflPsf] rnf] k|of]unfO k|f]Tfxg uL wjfF xLt j8f 3f]if0ff ug kxn ug]
anfO cfwlgs tyf gljs0fgLo phfdf kxFr kyenofpg a DefJo ynxdf
hnljBt fo phf jfof] phf Pj+ cGo gljs0fgLo phfsf] k|ljwLnfO k|f]Tfxg
uLg]5
gukflnsfleqsf jtLxdf lIft ljwt ]jf pknAw ufpg]
ljBt k|f0f nfOgsf] gfordfuf] tfaf6 xg] hf]lvd tyf b36gfaf6 aRg fljs a
jf8 tyf 3wL nfeflGjt xg] uL sfnf] tf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
cfufdL jifleq gusf a 3df ljBt ]jf kUg]5
sDtLdf j6f hnljBt cfof]hgf z xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
ljBt ljtf sfoqmd
jslNks phf k|j4g sfoqmd
hnljBt klof]hgf
$== oftfoft
s= f]r
afx|df oftfoft rf x]g 8s tf]GgtL ug] oftfoft rf ug]
67 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
gLlh If]q oftfoft AofjzfoLx +u xsfo uL sd vlrnf] ekbf] lIft
k|ltkwL oftfoft k|0ffnLsf] lglZrttf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
oftfoft ]jfnfO afx|df rNg Sg] kxFrof]Uo lIft jne Jojlyt
jftfj0fdqL agfpg]
u= p2]Zo
oftfoft Jojyfkg k|0ffnLdf wf uL jfwf0fsf] cfjfudg tyf 9jfgLnfO
kxFrof]Uo lIft Jojlyt agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
8sxsf] tf]GgtL9n gfnf Aofjyfkgoftfoft rf ]jf k|jfxsf] nflu gLlh
If]qnfO k|ltkwfTds kdf klrfng
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
oftfoft ljsf uof]hgf lgdf0f eO nfu xg]5
gukflnsfsf a j8faf6 bdsfd tyf fhwfgL hfg] oftfoft ljwf kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
oftfoft kjfwf ljsf
oftfoft k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
gua ]jf
$=$ jg jftfj0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
$=$= jgtyf e +If0f
s= f]r
3g tyf ljljwtfoQm jg|f]t ljlzi6Ls[t hljs ljljwtf d[4 hnfwf pBdzLntfoQm
jg If]q lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jg jgklt h8La6L jGohGt hljs ljljwtf hnfwfsf] dlrt +If0f +j4g
JojfoLs0f bkof]uaringff f]hufL] lhgf tyf hLljsf]kfhgdf wf uL kfllyltsLo
k|0ffnLaLr Gtng sfod ug]
68 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
u= p2]Zo
lbuf] jg Jojyfkgaringff jg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj jg kbfjfsf] pTkfbg j[l4 ug]
hljs ljljwtf |f]tsf] +If0f nufot jftfj0fLo ]jfaf6 k|fKt xg] nfe j[l4 ub
Gofof]lrt ljt0f lglZrt ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
fli6laquoo jg gLlt )amp n] cfTdfy u]sf] aeligPs 3 ndash Ps v Ps ufpF ndash Ps jg Ps
gu ndash cg]s pBfgAElig sf] cjwf0ffnfO cgz0f ug]
lghL jg pBdnfO k|f]Tfxg ug]
k|fs[lts kdf hl8a6L +If0f tyf k|jwg ug]
lghL jg tyf afL sfGnfsf] vsf sf7 cf]f kfnfO nLs[t ug]
hnjfo k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu yfgLo cgej tyf kDkfx k|j4g ug]
+If0f ugkg] ljz]if If]qx klxrfg uL +If0f tyf Jojyfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
a fdbflos jg dxxsf] sfo of]hgf gljs0f ePsf] xg]5
lghL jg dxx ljtf xg]5
j1flgs jg Jojyfkgsf] gdgfIf]q ljsf xg]5
jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBd ljsf eO cfocfhg f]hufL lhgf ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdbflos jg ljsf sfoqmd
lghL tyf s[lif jg ljsf sfoqmd
+lIft tyf wflds jg Jojyfkg sfoqmd
jg pBd k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$= =hljs ljljwtf +If0f
s= f]r sfos|d
yfg] ljp ljhgsf] hu]gf+If0f k|jwgxfjfkfgL cgfsf ljljGg hftsf kmnkmnv
h8La6L af]6 ljjfxsf] +If0f dfkmt d[4Ldf of]hbfg
v= k|dv nIo
hljs ljljwtf-vf uL s[ifL hljs ljljwtf_ +If0fsf nflu yflgo hftsf ljp
ljggxsf] +If0f ug] kDkfut jfnLx-sf]bf]sfugf]hg]nf]_xsf] +If0f ug]yflgo
69 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hfnsf ndashsfs|f]kmLnfsf_kmnkmnsf ljp hu]gf ug] f] sf] of]hgf sfos|d agfO
ljp as yfkgf ug] ug]
u= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
g]kfn kIf ePsf hljs ljljwtf dxfGwLsf k|fjwfgxsf] cgz0f
hljs ljljwtf 0fgLlt tyf sfoof]hgf )$ndash)) sf] cgz0f
hnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf k|sf]k GogLs0fsf nflu hn kge0f If]q a9fpg]
hljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo cgsngnfO yfgLo cgsng of]hgfdf dfj]z ufpg]
3= k|dv gtLhf
yflgo hftsf cGgafnLbnxgt]nxgkmnkmn afnLsf hftxsf] lrs0fljp as
yfkgf
gutLo hnjfo kljtg cgsng of]hgf tof xg]5
ordf= k|dv sfoqmdx
s[lif hljs ljljwtfsf] r]tLs0flrs0f+sng+u|x+If0f k|j4g sfoqmd
$=$=$=e tyf hnfwf +If0f
s= f]r
hnsf] nflu hnfwf If]qxsf] j1flgs Jojyfkg uL Vvf If]q Aofjyfkg tyf
e+If0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
eagf]6sf] cfwfdf sDtLdf j6f dVo hnfwf tyf j6f pkhnfwf If]q ljefhg
uL gusf] e+If0f sfo Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL dxfg
If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng
ug]
hf]lvdoQm klxf]xsf] k|fyldlss0f uL lgoGq0f sfoqmd nfu ug]
jftfj0f dqL v]tL k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
yf]kf l+rfO jifft tyf en kfgL Jojyfkg ug]
70 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vf]nfvf]NLxdf kfgL kge0f 8ofd lgdf0f uL cfocfhg of]hgfdf pkof]u ug]
hnfwf If]qsf] cfkfsf aflGbfnfO +ul7t uL hnfwf +If0fdf klrfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
hnfwf +If0fsf] dfWodaf6 hnjg tyf s[lifIf]qsf] ljsf
klxf] hf]vLd If]qx klxrfg uL t6aGw tyf jfof] OGhLlgoordf ljkb hf]lvd gSzf+sg
(Hazard Zoning) dbfodf cfwflt kj rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf Jojyfkg ePsf]
xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnsf] nflu hnfwf Aofjyfkg
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village)
lbuf] e eJojyfkg sfos|d
$=$= hnjfo cgsng
s= f]r
hnjfo cgsnLt ufpF (Climate smart village) lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jftfj0fdqL hnjfo kljtgFu cgslnt xg] ljsf k4ltx yflkt ug]
u= p2]Zo
dfgjLo lqmofsnfk ljsf k|lqmofnfO hnjfo kljtg cgslnt ufpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
cglr df pNNf]v eP adf]lhd VVff If]q Aofjyfkg ug +If0f kf]vLkfgL
dxfg If]q +If0fvf]nf vx]xdf xlt k]6Lsf lgdf0fsf sfox k|fyldstfsf fy
+rfng ug]
Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of wfg hg]nf]
hgkmfkcbjfa]f_ ug]
afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_ ug]
kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO cflb k|j4g ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0fTds gtLhf
k|fs[lts |f]t +If0fDaGwL a f]sfjfnfxsf] of]hgfdf hnjfo cgsn tyf
k|sf]k GogLs0f of]hgf dfj]z ePsf] xg]5
71 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ldf If]qsf] btf tyf lrs0f ePsf] xg]5
hnr nf]kf]Gdv jgktL tyf hLjhGtsf] lrs0f +If0f xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hnjfo cgsng sfoqmd
fli6laquooyflgo cgsng of]hgf cgk dbfo tlo cgsng of]hg ndashsfkf_ agfO
nfu ug]
$=$=^ k|sf]k lgoGq0f tyf ljkb Jojyfkg
s= f]r
avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbx klxrfg Jojyfkg uL hgwg tyf Dkbfsf] +If0f
ug]
v= k|dv nIo
hf]lvdsf sfs Defljt yfgx lgoGq0f ljlw klxrfg eO nfu xg]5
u= p2]Zo
gfulsxnfO avfn] hf]lvd tyf ljkbaf6 hf]ufO lIft hLjg ofkgsf] kxFr
a9fpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
8s lgdf0fljtf ubf atL ljsf xL of]hgf tyf ejg lgdf0fDjGwL cfwfet
lgdf0f dfkb08 )amp nfu ug]
hf]lvd +j]bglzn e-pkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
klxf] glhssf atLxdf ljz]if tstfsf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
dbfodf cfwflt ljkb hf]lvd Golgs0f dbfo u7g sfoof]hgf lgdf0f
klrfng ljkb Aofjyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ug]
k|efljt If]qxsf] klxrfg f]sfjfnfx aLr hfgsfL tyf yflgo ljkb Jojyfkg
+oGq lgdf0f klrfng ug]
cGt gusf] xsfodf af0f oGq ~rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv kldf0ffTds gtLhf
hf]lvd +j]bglzn endashpkof]u gSzf (Risk Sensitive Land Use Map) tof uL
sfofGjogdf Nofpg]
72 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
+j]bglzn If]qdf Iff +rgf lgdf0f lIft ynsf] klxrfg tyf gSzf+sg xg]5
hn tyf dfd lkmN8 s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng xg]5
ljkb Jojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] cgz0f ePsf] xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
hf]lvd GogLs0f tyf kjtofL sfoqmd
p4f tyf kgyfkgf sfoqmd
PDjn] tyf jf0foGq ]jf
kjfwf sfoqmd
$= Gofo zfg tyf +++yfut ljsf
$== sfofno hgzlSt tyf ]jf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
ljwfoSt sfofno Ifd hgzlStdfkmt gu k|zfgnfO hgdqL k|ltkwL
agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
gu k|zfg ~rfngsf nflu baGbLcgfsf] k0f hgzlSt Jojyfkg ug]
]jf sfofnox PsLs[t ejgaf6 k|bfg ug] uL Jojyfkg ug]
u= p2]Zo
k0f Ifd hgzlStsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf ]jfx n k|efjsfL kdf k|bfg
ug]
gfulsxsf] f]r ugff emfj tyf j8f sfofnosf rgfx k|zfgnfO xh
k|fKt xg] Jojyf ldnfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f sfofnoxsf] ejg lgdf0f ubf PsLs[t ]jf k|jfx ug] uL lgdf0f ug]
gusf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnLsf] k0f kdf klkfngfcgud0f tyf dNofdegg ug]
sdrfL k|zfgnfO kofKt Ifd k|efjsfL agfpg f+u7lgs +rgf cgfsf]
sdrfL cfklt ug ljz]if of]hgf agfO nfu ug]
sdrfLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf tyf j[lQ ljsfdf ljz]if of]hgfx nfu ug]
73 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hgk|ltlglwnfO ljifout sfo ljefhg uL lhDd]jfL tf]Sg] f] sf] Ifdtf ljsfsf
nflu tflnd k|lzIf0f e|d0f nufotsf cjx k|bfg ug]
ugff]Gg] clwsfLsf] Jojyf ug]
lglZrt ljlw ljsf uL fjhlgs ]jfsf] Gti6L dfkg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gusf] ljifout ldlt tyf zfvfx k|efjsfL kdf ~rfng ePsf] xg]5
cfufdL jifleqkflnsf tyf a jf8 sfofnoxsf] ejg Jojyfkg eOSg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
sdrfL Jojyfkg
]jf Jojyfkg
sfofno Jojyfkg
Ifdtf ljsf sfoqmd
txut DaGw tyf dGjo
$== rgf k|ljlw tyf k|zfsLo zfg
s= f]r
cfwlgs rgf k|ljlwlxtsf] k|zfsLo zfg ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
zfgsf rsxdf cfwflt k|zfsLo zfg k|0ffnL ljsf ug]
u= p2]Zo
fjhlgs k|zfgnfO jR5 kl0ffddvL hjfkmb]xL kfbzL agfO fjhlgs
]jfk|jfx ljsf k|lqmofnfO k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
k|fljlwsxn]sf] ug] n=O=xdf rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]
gu k|f]kmfonnfO aflifs kdf cBfalws ug]
sDtLdf jflifs kdf ]jfsf] u0ft dfkg ug]
Ifdtf ljsf tyf cledlvs0f tflnd lbOg]5
ldlt tyf zfvfxnfO Ifd k|ltkwL agfpg]
74 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
l8lh6n k|zflgs ]jf ~rfng xg]5
gu k|f]kmfOn jflifs cWofjlws xg]5
lgoldt tyf rfdfls rgf k|jfxsf] +oGq lqmofzLn xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
rgf tyf k|ljlw ljtf
k|zflgs Jojyfkg
$===fhj klrfng tyf ljQLo Jojyfkg
s= f]r
cfGtls cfodfkmt cflys cfTdlgetf j[l4 ug]
ljQLo JojyfkgnfO lgod+ut kfbzL k|efjsfL Gtlnt agfpg]
v= k|dv nIo
cfGtls fhjsf] |f]t 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] clGtd jifDd sDtLdf k|ltzt
kofpg]
u= p2]Zo
gusf] cfGtls |f]t j[l4 uL cflys cfTdlgtf a9fpg]
ljQLo hf]lvdx 36fO k|efjsfL ]jf k|bfg ug]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
yfgLo fhj j[l4sf nflu PsLs[t s k|0ffnLnfO k|j4g ug]
ssf] bfof ljtf ug]
bL3sfnLg cfo|f]t xg] gofF Defjgfxdf nufgL ug]
k|efjsfL ljQLo Jojyfg gLlt tyf k|If]k0f of]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
ljt[t fhj of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
ljQLo Jojyfkg of]hgf tof eO sfofGjog xg]5
75 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fhj klrfng sfoqmd
ljQLo Jojyfkg sfoqmd
$==$ kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
s= f]r
kfbzL hjfab]xL hgljZjfL gukflnsf ljsf ug]
v= k|dv nIo
jflifs n]vfhf]vfdf gukflnsfn] kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf rsxsf] pTs[i6 t
xfln u]sf] xg]5
u= p2]Zo
pTs[i6 ]jfdfkmt gukflnsfnfO Ifd hgpQbfoL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
j8f tyf ljifout sfofno x]s of]hgfxsf] fjhlgs gjfO tyf fjhlgs
klIf0f clgjfo kdf ug] ufpg] fy 7nf cfof]hgfxsf] rgf af]8 fVg]
jflifs of]hgfxsf] lgoldt ldIff rfdfls kdf ug]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw ldIff bf]|f] rfyf] jifdf ug]
0flglts of]hgfsf] clGtd dNofordfsg kfFrf jifdf ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]un] k|b]z tyf yfgLo txaLr fhZjsf] afF8kmf8 ug]
cfwf cgf -hg+Vof tyf hgf+lvs ljj0f If]qkmn dfgj ljsf rsf+s vrsf]
cfjZostf fhZj +sngdf u]sf] k|of kjfwf ljsf ljz]if cjyf cflb _ ah]6
ljlgof]hg ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
sfoljlwn] lgwf0f u]cgfsf] nIodf fjhlgs gfO fjhlgs kLIf0f tyf
lgoldt cgudg DkGg xg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fjhgLs gjfO tyf fdfhLs klIf0f
of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf k|ltj]bg
n]vfkLIf0f
Gti7L dfkg
76 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$== Gofo tyf Iff
s= f]r
gfuls jtGqtf ljlwsf] zfg dfgj clwsfsf] +If0fdfkmt zfGt lIft
dfh lgdf0f ug]
v= k|dv nIo
gudf zflGt Jojyf sfod fVg]
u= p2]Zo
gukflnsfn] Dkfbg ug] Goflos k|0ffnLnfO j1flgs Pjd ]jfu|fxLdqL agpg]
gukflnsfsf] Iff Jojyf k|efjsfL agfpg]
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
Gofo Dkfbg k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL agfpg sfggLkfdzbftfsf] Jojyf ug]
Goflos ldltsf] sfobIftf clej[l4 ug cWoogcgGwfg tflndx j[l4 ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
gudf cfPsf d4fx l56f] 5ltf] Goflos k|0ffnLcgf Dkfbg xg]5g
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
Goflos ldltsf] Ifdtf ljsf
Gofo Dkfbg Jojyfkg
gu Iff k|0ffnL Jojyfkg
$==^ fdbflos tyf usfL +yf Jojyfkg
s= f]r
fdbflos tyf usfL +yf klrfngdfkmt cflysndashfdflhs iquestkfGt0fdf
of]ubfg kofpg]
v= k|dv nIo
fdbflos uxsf] |f]tdfkmt cflys d[l4sf gdgf sfoqmdx ~rfng ug]
u= p2]Zo
fdbflos tyf usfL +yfxnfO fdflhs r]tLs0f tyf cflys d[l4
k|flKtsf nflu klrfng ug]
yfgLo dxsf] sf]ifnfO PsLs[t uL lbuf] Jojyfkg ug]
uxsf] k|efjsfL klrfng ug]
77 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= 0fgLlt tyf sfogLlt
gusf] cfjlws nIodf 3fp kUg]uL +yfsf] bL3sfnLg of]hgf agfpg k|]lt ug]
avfn] +yfnfO cfkmgf] ljifout If]qdf ljlzi6 klxrfg bIftf clej[l4 ug]
uLaL lgjf0f sf]ifdfkmt ~rflnt 3DtLsf]ifnfO cfo cfhgdf ~rfng ug]
uLj+u ljZf]Zj sfoqmdnfO cGo uLjL lgjf0fsf sfoqmd+u dGjo ul rd
uLjL ePsf kljfdf sfoqmd +rfng ug]
uLjL lgjf0f sf]if u|fld0f jfnDag sf]if ojf jf]fhuf sf]ifxaf6 +rflnt
cgbfg C0fsf] sfoqmdx dGjofTds kdf +rfng ug]
ordf= k|dv gtLhf
p2]Zosfoqmd bIftfsf] cfwfdf PsJbf k|0ffnLdfkmt ux klrfng xg]5g
ljlzli7s[t ]jfdfkmt u If]qsf] nufgL kfbzL k|efjsfL gtLhfdvL aGg]5
nlIft ju tyf dbfosf] zlQms0f dnk|jfxLs0fdf ljz]if xof]u kUg]5
r= k|dv sfoqmdx
fdflhs +yf Jojyfkg
u fem]bfL
78 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M ljQLo Jojyfkg
= sfggL cfwf
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgsf] wff ( cgf yfgLo txn] cfkmgf] clwsf If]qsf] cflys clwsf
DaGwL ljifodf sfgg agfpg] aflifs ah]6 agfpg] lg0fo ug] gLlt tyf of]hgf agfpg]
Tosf] sfofGjog ug] DaGwdf +awflgs Aojyf u]sf] 5 yfgLo sf ~rfg P]g
)amp$ sf] bkmf $ n] gusf] cfkmgf] clwsfIf]qsf] ljifodf yfgLotsf] ljsfsf] nflu
cfjlws jflifs 0fgLltut ljifo If]qut dWosfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg ljsf of]hgf agfO
nfu ugkg] Aojyf d]t u]sf] 5 +ljwfgsf] pQm Aofjyf yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g
cgf fd]5fk gusf] nflu jif] 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjog ug lgDg sfggL cfwfx
lnOPsf] 5M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg DaGwL P]g )amp$
fli6laquoo k|fs[lts gtf]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g )amp$
+3Lo cflys sfoljlw P]g )amp
ljsf xfotf gLlt )amp
fjhlgs vlb P]g )^
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 -dWodsfnLg vr +rgf d]t_ thdfDaGwL
dfubzg )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$ tyf fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )amp
= gtf]t cgdfgsf If]qx
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp sf] bkmf ^) n] fhZj gtf]tsf] af8kmf8 xg] Aofjyf u]sf]
5 cGt sfL ljQ Aojyfkg P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b $ bkmf () adf]lhd
o fd]5fk gunfO k|fKt xgSg] cflys gtf]tx lgDg tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5M
79 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf $M gunfO k|fKt xg] ah]6sf] |f]t tyf zLifsxsf] ljj0f
l=g= gtf]t zLifsx
g]kfn sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
k|b]z sf ljQLo dflgs0f zt ljz]if dks cgbfg
fhj afF8kmfF8 dNo clea[lb s cfGtls pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] cGtzNssf]
sd k|fs[lts |f]tsf] f]oN6L afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt sd
$ cfGtls cfDbfgL PsLs[t DklQ s 3 axfn s Jojfo s ]jf zNs
bt u s cflb
cGt yfgLo
tx nufgL
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg s]Grsaquo lgdf0f ah]6 cflb
^ jb]lzs |f]t g]kfn sfaf6 jLs[lt k|fKt sfoqmdsf sdx
amp hgxeflutf ljsf lgdf0fdf pkef]Qmfaf6 Iacutelnt sd
cfGtls C0f cfof]usf] dfkb08 adf]lhd jb]zL ljQLo +yfaf6 lnPsf]
C0f
= j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwf
ljut kfFr aifotfsf] sn ah]6sf] cfsf+u yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg xg] ah]6sf] c+z
lgGt a[l4 ex]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu cgdflgt cfo tyf Aofo
tof ugsf nflu ljut kfFr aifdf ePsf] sn ah]6sf] a9f]QL tyf sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo
txdf ePsf] ah]6sf] c+zdf ePsf] a9f]QLnfO cfwf dfgL xfn ljlgof]lht ah]6 tyf vrdf
b ) k|ltzt a[l4 uL cgdfg ulPsf] 5 j[l4b cgdfgsf] cfwfsf nflu ljut kfFr
aifsf] sn ah]6 tyf yflgo txdf ljlgof]hg ePsf] c+zsf] tngfTds ljj0f lgDg tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5M
s= sn fli6 laquoo ah]6sf] j[l4 b
tflnsf M ah]6 jflifs j[l4bsf] cfwf
cf=j= sn fli6laquoo ah]6
nfvdf
kl5Nnf] cf=j=df ePsf] a[l4
nfvdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 5172 07172 6181 1009 19 207273 8195 2014 33 207374 10489 2295 28 207475 12790 2301 22 207576 13152 362 3 cfift a[l$ 17
80 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= sn ah]6dWo] yfgLo txsf] ah]6df j[l4 b
cf=j= yfgLo txsf] c+z
k|ltztdf a[l4 k|ltzt
207071 9 07172 93 03 207273 943 013 207374 1113 17 207475 176 647 207576 yflgo txdf dfq 1483 03
=$ gukflnsfsf] sn cfjlws cfDbfgL cgdfg
dflysf j[l4b cgdfg fd]5fk gusf] nflu ut cf=j= )ampamp$ tyf )amp$amp
df o gunfO k|fKt ah]6 d]tsf] cgdfgsf] cfwf cfufdL jifsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr
k|If]k0f ulPsf] 5 cfo k|If]k0f ubf vb ljsf sfodf nufgL ug pkof]u xg Sg] ah]6
tyf sfoqmdsf] lzifsxnfO dfq dfa]z ulPsf] 5 gusf] sdrfL Aofjyfkgtna eQf
h]i7 gfuls eQf htf fHosf clgsfo bfloTjsf sdx hL cfp5 ToL g vr xg]
xbf odf dfa]z ulPsf] 5g oy ah]6 sfoqmd k|If]k0f ubf ljlQo dfgLs0f cgbfg
zzt cgbfg -+l3o tyf k|fb]lzs_ nfO cfosf] k|dv |f]tdfgLPsf] 5 eg] cfGtls cfDbfgL
tyf fhZj af8kmf8sf] cfonfO gusf] rfn tyf k|zflgs vr xg] dfgL k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 f] sf] cfwfdf gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )(divide)) Ddsf] sn cfDbfgL
ah]6 = amp(= nfv -tLg ca P3f sf]8 pgfgcL nfv c7tL xhf_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 of] sd +l3o k|b]zn] fljsdf lbb cfPsf] zzt ljlQo dfgLs0f tyf fhZj
af8kmf8af6 k|fKt xg Sg] cgdflgt ah]6 afx]ssf] yk gku ah]6 xf] osf nflu yk bft[
lgsfo ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfoqmd k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf
klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] htf pkfox cjnDag ug] 5
osf] ljt[t ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf ^M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws cfDbfgL ah]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
ljlQo fdfGoLs0f
cgbfg
2319 255036 280539 308593 339453
zt cgbfg 1616 177775 195553 215108 236619
cFfGtLs cfDbfgL 80 8805 9685 10654 11719
fhZj jfF8kmfF8 4 425 468 515 566
uLj+u ljz]Zj
sfoqmd
13 1416 1557 1713 1884
81 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vr lzifs cf=j=)ampamp^
hDdf jh]6
cf=j=
)amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j=
)ampampdivide)amp
cf=j=
)ampdivide)amp(
cf=j=
)amp(divide))
PnhLl8LkL 17 1917 2109 232 2552
8s jf]8 7 825 907 998 1098
ko6g jf]8 5 55 605 666 732
kn x]fn 1 066 073 08 088
fgf lrfO 63 6881 7569 8325 9158
h]i7 gfuls lbjf
]]jf tyf f sf
983 108088 118897 130787 143865
fljs adf]lhd
k|fKtxg Sg] ah]6
533568 561784 617962 679758 747734
0fgLlts of]hgf
adf]lhd cfaZos kg]
ah]t
603509 1040481
5 9371515
7218795
7691425
gku ah]6 69941 478698 319190 42122 21409
gku ah]6 kf ug]
gtf]t gLlt
ljz]if sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +3df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf
xsfL +yf klrfng ug] k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo
a9fpg]
= gukflnsfsf] If]qut cfjlws vr cgdfg
gusf] cfjlws If]qut ljsfsf sfoqmdxnfO dVo $ j6f zLifsxdf ljefhg
ulPsf] 5 pSt zLifsxsf nflu gukflnsfsf] cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^ b]lv )amp(divide))
Ddsf] sn cgdflgt vr = $)amp nfv -rf ca ft sf]8 afO nfv_ k|If]k0f ulPsf]
5 cfDbfgL vrsf] tngfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] If]qut sfoqmd ~rfngsf nflu cgdflgt
cfDbfgLeGbf sn sd = (^ nfv ndashlqofgAa] sf]8 t]x| nfv 5lQ xhf_ cku b]lvG5
jflifs cftdf pSt sd b f9] c7f sf]8 cku b]lvG5 pSt cku sdljz]if
sf]ifsf] nflu k|b]z +df sfos|d k]z ug] gLlhIf]q tyf xsfL +yf klrfng ug]
k|fs[lts gtf]taf6 cfGtls cfo a9fpg] sfL ah]6afx]s +yfut xof]u tyf lghL
nufgLaf6 klt xgSg] uL ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5 hsf] nufgL sn vrsf] k|ltzt
x]sf] 5 oafx]s gun] cGo xof]ubftf tyf fem]bfL df]8]n ljsf ug]5
82 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ of]hgfxsf] k|fyldsL s0fsf cfwf
yffgLo sf +rfng Pg )amp$ sf] bkmf $ jdf]lhd lgDg cfwfxdf j8f
tyf jtL jf6 cfPsf ofhgfZsf] k|fdyldlsLs0f ulPsf] 5
cflys ljsf ulaL lgjf0fdf k|To]If of]ubfg kyenofpg]
pTkfbgdns l56f] k|ltkmn lbg] -7nf cfof]hgfxsf] xsdf al9df jif leq
DkGg xg]_
fhj klrfngdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf zfgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
yfgLo gtf]t fwgdf cfwflt eO hgxeflutff clea[l4 ug]
nlEumls dfhgtf fdflhs dfj]zLs0fsf] clej[l4 xg]
lbuf] ljsf jftfj0f +If0f ljkb Jojyfkgdf of]ubfg kyenofpg]
dbfonfO ljkb tyf hnjfo kljtg pTyfglzn (Resilience) agfpg]
yfg ljz]ifsf] +s[lt klxrfg k|j4g ug]
yfgLo txn] cfjZos b]v]sf cGo ljifox
83 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf ampM fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cfjlws If]qut ah]6sf] If]qut vr cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
ljifo If]q
cflys jifx jh]6 |f]t cgdfg - nfvdf_
07576 07677 07778 07879 07980 hDdf gu k|b]z 3 ljifout
sfofn yf lghL If]q
dividehgxeflutf hDdf k|ltzt
=s[lif xsfL
tyf eld
Aofjyf
3810 13945 14299 6704 5859 44617 18989 2555 00 3734 19338 44617 1096
=pBf]uko6gj
g tyf
jftfj0f
4840 11905 13730 7505 6930 44910 20365 13158 3850 12263 9925 44910 1103
=fdflhs If]q 32268 38993 30498 17178 41568 160505 84981 45842 10242 4045 13711 160505 394
$= eflts
kjfwf
ljsf
18445 36373 33725 37078 21745 147365 79975 29463 00 23142 14785 147365 362
= +yfut
ljsf
tyf zfg
988 2833 1463 3723 813 9825 7244 1417 869 148 148 9825 24
sn hDdf 60351 104048 93715 72188 76914 407221 211554 92434 14961 43332 57907 407221 1000
k|ltzt 148 256 230 177 189 1000 520 227 37 106 142 1000
84 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf M fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] dVo sfoqmd sfotflnsf jh]6 cgdfg -ah]6 = nfvdf_
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
s edL Aofjyfs[lif tyf
xsfL If]q
1 s[lif 1967 763715 4564 3779 2648 205969 10298 0 0 0 10298 205969 506
2 kzkfng 1172 5527 5245 2715 256 1722 5166 0 0 3444 861 1722 423
3 xsfL tyf ljQ 3 33 27 13 36 112 56 0 0 28 28 112 028
4 edL Jojyfkg 4 22 27 3 29 85 55 14 0 1 15 85 021
5 vfgL 60 23 395 5 0 483 2415 2415 0 0 0 483 119
s pkIf]qsf] If]q hDdf 381 139447 142992 67045 5859 4462 1899 256 0 373 1934 4462 1095 v pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f dGqfno
1
6 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo 24 301 194 85 85 689 3445 221 0 1723 17225 689 169
7 ko6g 290 604 643 367 535 2439 12195 839 385 6098 60975 2439 599
8 jg Jojyfkg 68 905 47 62 12 280 69875 0 0 1957 13975 280 069
9 hljs ljljwtf tyf
jGohGt +If0f
0 13 1 1 0 15 75 0 0 6 15 15 004
10 e tyf hnfwf +If0f 52 72 391 55 5 575 230 115 0 115 115 575 141
11 +lIFft If]qsf] 31 56 81 133 50 351 1064 957 0 957 532 351 086
85 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
12 hnjfo kljtg cgsng 9 52 11 475 6 126 502 251 0 251 251 126 031
13 jg pBdlzntf 10 2 5 - - 17 9 20 - 7 2 17 004
pBf]uko6gjg tyf
jftfj0f pkIf]q hDdf
484 11905 1373 7505 693 4491 2036 1316 385 1226 992 4491 11028
fdflhs ljsf-
lzIffjfYokmfOdlx
nfojfgtd tyf f]huf
14
lzIff 10916 8335 4765 1285 1415 2672 18701 46753 0 1336 0 2672 656
15 efiff snf flxTo
+s[lt k|j4g
49 168 78 87 48 430 215 0 0 1075 1075 430 106
16 jfYo 5836 5491 3556 1526 736 1715 13716 3429 0 0 0 1715 421
17 f]hufL 5 65 6 0 0 76 38 30 0 2 38 76 019
18
n+lus dfgtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]Ls0f
2106 1257 1412 847 1052 667 46718 13348 0 0 6674 667 164
19 hg +Vof Jojyfkg 4 4 23 2 2 35 175 0 0 875 875 35 009
20
v]nsb 285 3015 1225 1305 1605 744 4461 0 0 1487 1487 744 183
86 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
21 f]uufL ab]lzs
f]hufL
2 10 37 2 0 51 51 0 0 0 0 51 013
22 ljz]if If]q -
dzfg3f6u7L_Jojyfkg
2 8 8 2 1 21 13 - 4 - 4 21 005
23 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO 1206 17105 1782 11185 3624 9441 38893 35704 1020 4 9573 9441 2318
24
kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg 445 124 20 10 1 200 1197 399 0 0 399 200 049
fdflhs If]qsf] hDdf 3227 38993 30498 17178 4157 16051 8498 4584 1024 405 1371 16051 3941
eflts kjfwf ljsf
25 8s tyf kn 549 209125 8905 111775 43245 5081 33026 12702 0 0 5081 5081 1248
26 ejg atL tyf ahf
ljsf
1275 280 310 1803 215 2736 82065 82065 0 1094 0 2736 672
27 ~rf 144 36 105 15 7 307 921 0 0 2149 0 307 075
28
jhf Jojyfkg 10 362 260 125 150 907 6349 1814 0 907 0 907 223
29
ljBt tyf phf 926 145 130 120 920 2241 8964 0 0 8964 4482 2241 550
30 l+rfO 78 543 1362 527 450 2960 22003 270 0 18 4717 2960 727
31 hnpTkGg k|sf]k 10 180 315 0 0 505 505 404 0 0 505 505 124
87 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=
+= dn ljifout If]q
jh]6 dividejif -= nfvdf_ jh]6 gtf]t -= nfvdf_
Kltzt
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp^
cf=j= )amp^divide)ampamp
cf=j= )ampampdivide)amp
cf=j= )ampdivide)amp(
cf=j= )amp(divide))
hDdf
gu
k|b]z
+3
nfOg PhGL tyf
+3 +Vyf
lghL
hDdf
eflts kjfwf ljsf
hDdf
1845 363725 33725 37078 2174 14736 7997 2946 0 2314 1478 14736 36
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg
32 ljkb Jojyfkg sn
hDdf
16 38 15 0 5 74 296 148 0 148 148 74 018
33 jf0f oGq PDan]G ]jf
hDdf
0 40 0 0 0 40 0 40 0 0 0 40 010
34
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg hDdf
828 2053 1313 3723 763 869 6948 8685 8685 0 0 869 213
+yfut ljsf tyf
zfg sn hDdf
988 2833 1463 3723 813 983 724 142 87 15 15 983 2
sn cgdflgt ah]6 6035 10405 9372 7219 7691 40722 21155 9243 1496 4333 5791 40722 100
jflifs ah]6 nfut
xeflutf k|tfa
1482 2555 2301 1773 1889 10000 5195 2270 367 1064 1422 10000
88 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
=^ ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfng
ljQLo Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 klrfngnfO k|efjsfL agfpg gun] lgDg k|lqmofx
ckgfpg] 5 M
s= P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] klkfng
lgDg P]g lgod tyf sfoljlwxsf] cfwfdf ljQLo k|0ffnLnfO Jojyfkg ug]5 M
g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$
cGt sfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
gukflnsfsf] jflifs gLlt tyf ah]6
jflifs ljsf sfoqmd tyf ah]6 thdfDaGwL dfubzg )amp$
yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fjhlgs vLb P]g )^
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] fjhlgs vLb lgodfjnL )amp
gukflnsf sfo~rfng lgb]lzsf )amp
v= n]vf Jojyfkg tyf ah]6 cgudg
sfggn] tf]s] adf]lhd 0fgLlts of]hgfn] klsNkgf u] adf]lhdsf] ljQLo
Jojyfkgsf nflu gun] cfjZos sdrfL Jojyfkg ljQLo Jojyfkg gLlt tyf +oGq
ljBtLo k|ljlwnufotsf k|0ffnLx Jojyfkg ug]5
u= kfblztf hjfab]lxtf
cflys kfblztf hjfab]lxtfsf nflu gusf of]hgf k|ult tyf cgudg
k|ltj]bgx j]efO6df fVg] hgugffx lng hjfa lbg lsg] lsldsf PlKns]gsf]
kxFr ljtf ug] jflifs k|sfzg ug] ldl8of cgudg ufpg] tyf cfd~rf +jfb
sfoqmdx fVg] of]hgfx nfu sfofGjog ug]5
89 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo ^M n+lus dfgtf tyf fdflhs dfj]zLs0f
^= fd]5fk gudf n==f= sf] cjyf
g]kfndf fdflhs jl~rtLs0fsf] sf0f jiffb]lv hfthflt hghflt lnEuml ckfEumltf
pd] tyf wdsf cfwfdf lje]baf6 ljsfdf cjf]w klux]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] Gbedf
fdflhs jl~rtLs0fdf k]sf dxxiquestdf dVotM dlxnf blnt cflbjfL hghflt f]x| jif
dlgsf afnaflnsfxiquest ) jif dflysf Ho]i7 gfuls ckfEumltf ePsf JolQmxiquest tyf efuf]lns
iquestkn] bud If]qd a]sf hgtfx xg +ljwfgn] lbPsf] dflns xs sfofGjogsf nflu
+ljwfgsf] wff -_ adf]lhd a k|sfsf dlxnf lx+fnfO sfggL bfofdf Nofpg]
kLl8tnfO Ifltklt lbg] wff -_ adf]lhd dlxnfnfO lzIff jfYo f]hufL fdflhs
Iffdf ljz]if clwsf lglZrt ug] ljifox of]hgfsf] lgdf0fsf] vfsfdf fvL 5nkmn
ufOPsf] lyof] g]kfn kIf x]sf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD)
lbuf]lasfsf nIosf rsxnfO of]hgf lgdf0fsf] cfwfsf] kdf lnOPsf] eg] j8f tyf
atLaf6 cfPsf of]hgfxnfO 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] efu $ ah]6 tyf sfos|d v08df a[t[t
kdf flvPsf] 5
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Gbedf gudf ampamp 3wLdWo] blnt 3 cflbjfL
hghflt $)( hdWo] klg nf]kf]Gdv xfo $ 3wL LdfGts[t dfemL dbfosf] ^
3wL x]sf] 5 To uL dlxnf 3dnL ePsf] 3wL ^) dlxnfsf] hg+Vof =)(
k|ltzt x]sf] 5 b]vL $ jif pd] dxsf] dlxnf fIftf (( k|ltzt b]lvP klg
jif dflysf pd] dxsf dlxnfx ^=$) dfq fIf b]lvg lrGtfhgs 5 zsf sIffxdf
fd|f] glthf cfP klg pRr lzIffdf kifsf] tngfdf dlxnfxsf] kxr lgs Gog b]lvG5 of]
cjyfnfO dWogh uL gusf] 0fgLlts of]hgfn] ltgsf cfjZoStfnfO Daf]wg
clwsfnfO lglZrt ug a ljifout If]qdf xeflutfsf] nflu dfg cjsf] lhgf ug]
0fgLlt tyf sfoqmd dfj]z u]sf]] 5
^= k|dv sfos|dx
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ sf] klR5]b n] ufpF tyf gukflnsfxsf] sfd
sQJo clwsf klR5]b ^ sf] of]hgf thdf tyf sfofGjogn] n+lus dtf tyf fdflhs
dfj]zLs0fdvL lhDd]jfL of]hgf k|lqmofaf] ki6 Jojyf u]sf] 5 of]hgf thdf ubf
yfgLo ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfno yfgLo lgsfoxiquest yfgLo lgsfosf]
g]t[Tjdf cfof]hgf xg] xeflutfdns of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf xefuL xg] ljsf
fem]bfxiquestsf]] ah]6 thdf sfonfO yk nlEumls pQbfoL agfpg] p2]Zosf fy nlEumls pQbfoL
ah]6 yfgLos0f 0fgLlt )amp sfofGjogdf cfPsf] 5 0fgLltn] lglZrt cjlwsf nflu
cfjZos kg] sn ah]6sf] cgdfg cfosf] cfwfsf] vf]hL ljleGg zLifsxiquestdf ulg] ljlgof]hg
vr vrsf] clen]v n]vfhf]vf nufotsf Dk0f kIfdf nlEumls dfgtfsf] nIonfO s]Gb|df
90 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
fv] p2]Zodns 9+un] of]hgfa4iquestkdf nlEumls ljZn]if0flxt cflys |f]tsf] lglZrttf
pknlAwsf] dtfdns ljt0f pkof]u xg]uL ulg] ah]6 thdf k|lqmofnfO lglZrt u]sf]
5 j8f tyf jtLaf6 cfPsf a[t[t ah]6 tyf sfos|dx zf+z lgDg adf]lhd x]sf] 5 M
afnaflnsfM
j8f afn ~hfn u7g ~rfng zlIfs fdfu|L ljt0f
nlIft ju sfoqmdM
dxdivide~hfn u7g divide kgu7g dlxnf pBd btf gu tLo dlxnf ~hfn u7g
lb3sfnLg of]hgf lgdf0f jtL tLo dlxnf ~hfn ~rfng tyf Jojyfkgdu|
dlxnf ljsf f]r tofLsf nflu gu tLo dlxnf Dd]ng cfof]hgf
j8f tLo rgf tyf ~rf s]Gb| yfkgf ~rfng gu tLo jflifs h]08
cl86
+oQm nfnkhfsf] ljt0fdf j[l4
fdflhs g]t[Tj ljsf tflnd nf]s]jf tflnd
dlxnf jf]huf lhgf sfoqmd dlxnf f]hufdf k|f]Tfxg
Psn dlxnf +hfn u7g Psn dlxnf cfocfhg sfoqmd
dlxnf cleofgsdL g]t[Tj ljsf tyf fdflhs klrfng sfozfnf
j8f tLo dlxnf jfYo lzlj cfof]hgf
lszf]L jfn r]tLs0fsf nflu lszf]L ~hfn klrfng
hf]lvddf k]sf cQm a]jfl] dlxnfxnfO +If0fsf nflu gu tLo ]km xfp
cfslds sf]if klrfng
dgf]kfdz s]Gb| ~rfng
ckfEuml dqL sfoqmdM
ckfEumlxsf] nflu cfocfhg xof]u sfoqmd
blnt nlIft sfoqmdM
kDkfut k]zfdf cfwlgsLs0f lzIffdf hfu0f uL ljBfno kxFr sfoqmd
ljBfno 5f8g] bdf Golgs0f blnt dlxnf nf]s ]jf cfof]u sIff
h]i7 gfulsM
lbjf +If0f tyf rgf s]Gb| h]i7 gfuls Ddfg sfoqmd h]i7 gfuls +If0f
r]tLs0f sfoqmd
91 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hghftL nlIftM
hghftLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
4G4lkl8t nlIft M
4G4 lkl8t lrs0f tyf zxLb kljf Ddfg sfoqmd kfljfls zlQms0f
^= dfgtf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf If]q sfofGjog 0fgLltx
fli6 laquoo cGtfli6 laquoo cjwf0ff gLlt tyf sfggxsf] cfwfdf gukflnsfn] to u]sf]
ljsf gLlt cflys P]g tyf ah]6 ljlgof]hg lgodfjnLsf] cfwfdf n+lus dtf tyf
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f DaGwL lgDg sfogLltx to u]sf] 5M
s= of]hgf lgdf0fsf r0f
of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlEumls +j]bgzLntf tyf dfj]zLs0fsf jfnnfO cGtlglxt femf
jfn (cross cutting issues) sf] kdf cjnDag uL f]xL cfwfdf of]hgf agfpg]
of]hgf lgdf0f k|s[ofdf cGtfli6laquoo lGw Demftf - dlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf
lje]b pGdng ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf(BPFA) afn
clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw
(CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf nIo sfofGjog sfos|dnfO dfa]z ulg]5g
dfj]zLs0fnfO lg0fo k|ls|of sfofGjog kl0ffdsf]] du| txdf lglZrt ug]
sfL usfL fdbflos lghL +yfsf] ljsf sfoqmddf n==f==cjwf0ff
dfj]z ufpFb nhfg] of]hgf k|lqmofdf nlIot jusf] cyk0f xeflutf a9fpg]
of]hgfsfofGjog kl0ffdsf] lylt olsg ug n==f= clen]v 9fFrf ckgfpg]
v= sfofGjog r0f
sfL usfL fdbflos tyf lghL +yfxdf yfgLo +rgfsf] cfwfdf
+u7g k|0ffnLdf botf sdrfL g]t[Tjsf] kdf dfj]z Ifdtf ljsf ufpg]
yfgLo cjyfsf] cfwfdf fjhlgs cjxdf xlnot sf]6f lgwf0f ug]
nlIot jusf] +If0f zlSts0fDaGwL 7f] k|efjsfL sfoqmdx sfofGjog ug]
n==f==DaGwL ah]6nfO lbuf] kl0ffddvL agfpg]
u= kl0ffd r0f
n==f==k|efjsfltf dfkgsf nflu sDtLdf jflifs kdf n==f==kLIf0f ug]
n==f==kLIf0f gtLhfsf] cfwfdf fufdL jifsf] of]hgfdf qmdzM wf ub nhfg]
gLlt tyf sfoqmd to ug]
92 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
klR5]b amp M ]jf k|jfx +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
amp==]jf k|jfx tyf +yfut ljsf
yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ jdf]lhd ]jf k|jfx ljsfsf] sfonfO Jojlyt
kdf hgtfsf] 3bnf]df g yfgLo sfsf] cgelt lbg gofF Jojyf cgf sfod ePsf
j8f sfofnoxsf nflu efuf]lns If]q cgksf ( j6 5sectf 56 j8f sfofno ejgxsf]
Aojyf uL sfo~rfng ulPsf] 5 g]kfn sfn] jLs[t u]sf] yfgLo txsf] cGtld
Fu7g +rgf bjGbL t]lh cgf a j8f sfofnodf lghfdlt tkmsf yfoL
sdrfLxnfO lrjsf] lhDd]jfL k|bfg ul ]jf k|jfx Aojlyt ug k|oft 5 eg] j8f
sfosfnosf] jLs[t cGtld baGbL cgf k|To]s j8fsf nflu divide hgf a OlGhlgo
sfdf egf u]sf] 5 g]kfn sfn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 adf]lhd fdflhs Iff eQfnfO
j+ls+u k4lt 36gf btfnfO cgnfOg k4lt dfkmt ug] sfonfO nfu ulg]5 lgjflrt
hgk|ltlglwaf6 sfoDkfbg ubf xh n Jojlyt Psktf sfod xg sf] egL
+ljwfgsf] efjgf ordf3Lo dfldnf tyf yfgLo ljsf dGqfnoaf6 hfL ePsf] sfosfL
cfb]z tyfdGqfnoaf6 do dodf ePsf klkqsf lgb]zg g]kfn sfsf] sfo
ljt[lts0f k|ltj]bgnfO dWogh uL ( j6 j8f sfofnoxdf sDKo6 g]6 kfj
Aofsckmsf] Aojyf uL j j8f guaLr rgf k|ljwaf6 hf]l8g] 5 gu tyf j8faf6
k|bfg ulg] ]jf]jf k|fKt ug] ljlw lhDd]jf AolQm s]t tf]sL gfuls j8f kq hfL uL
]jf k|jfx ulPsf] 5 gusf] gfuls j8f kq gu jtut ljj0f efu sf] cglr
df flvPsf] 5 To uL ]jf k|jfxnfO nLs[t ug g]kfnsf] +ljwfg g]kfnsf] +ljwfg
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] yflgo txnfO k|bg u]sf clwsfxsf] sfofGjogsf
nflu gun] tklzn adf]lhdsf P]glgodfjnLlgb]lzsf lgdf0f uL nfu u]sf] 5
P]gx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] ljlgof]hg P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsf k|zfsLo sfoljlw -lgoldt ug]_ P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf]lzIff P]g )amp
93 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
lgodfjnLx
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoDkfbg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] lg0fo jf cfb]z clwsfkqsf] k|df0fLs0f -sfoljlw_
lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] sfoljefhg lgodfjnL )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsf gusfokflnsfsf] gu k|xL lgodfjnL )amp
sfoljlw
yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$
fd]5fk gu sfokflnsfsf] a7s ~rfng DalGw sfolalw )amp$
fd]5fk gukflnsfsf kbflwsfLxsf] cfrf+lxtf )amp$
amp= gukflnsfsf] +u7g ]jf k|jfx tyf bfrfltf
fy jLs[t Fu7g +rgf adf]lhd sfokflnsfdf ljifout sfofnoxaf6 xtfGt0f eO
cfpg] sfd lxtsf] hgzlQmnfO dWogh uL xfn lldt zfvfxaf6 sfo ~rfng e
x]sf]df lgDg adf]lhdsf] zfvf tyf pkzfvf u7g uL ~rfngdf NofOg] 5 tTsfn k|To]s
zfvfsf] zfvfut sfolhDd]afL To zfvfdf xg] sdrfLxsf] sfo ljj0f -TOR_
agfO gusfokflnsf af6 ljs[t ufO nfu ulg] f] sf] lgodLt cgud0fsf fy
dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf dNof+sg xg] 5 k|fKt glthfsf cfwfdf sdrfLxnfO
k|rlnt lgod sfgg cgf b08Lt jf ks[t ulg] 5 zfg bfrf dLtAofoLtf
k|efjsfL ]jf k|jfxsf nflu gukflnsf leqsf] sdrfLxsf] 566 cfrf +lxtf agfO nfu
ug] 5
94 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
95 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
o 0fgLlts of]hgfdf pNn]lvt nIo p4]Zo xfln ug gukflnsfsf] PSnf] k|ofn]
dfq +ej xbg g t of] of]hgf gu PSnsf] xf] of] of]hgf gugujfL sdrfL gusf
ze]R5sal4lhjLlzIff k|]dLdfh]jLsnfsfkqsffdflhs +3 +yfgfuls dfh
ckfordfu nufot a ju If]qlnordfu dbfosf] xf] oy o of]hgfnfO fys tNofpgdf
klg Dk0f gfuls dbfosf] plQs eldsf xg] ePsf]n] o cWofodf guleqsf ljleGg
ljifo If]qsf ljsfsf f]sfjfnfxsf] klxrfg tyf plgxn] lgjfx ug Sg] +efljt
edLsfsf] klxrfg ug] k|of ulPsf] 5 tf ls ef]lnsf lbgdf plgx+u xsfo dGjo
xeflutf h6fpg lsof]
+l3o +rgf cgf u7g ePsf tLg txsf sfxsf] k|zflgs sfo If]q
ljefhgIf]qflwsf tyf f+u7flgs +rgfx lgdf0f xg] s|ddf g x]sf] 5 oy o of]hgf
sfofGjogsf nflu sfjZos kg] gtf]t fwg h6fpg gu leqsf f]sfafnfxsf fy
k|b]ztsf DalGwt dGqfnocfof]hgf tyf +l3o txsf dGqfnocfof]hgf klof]hgfx+u
Dks dGjo xsfo ulg] 5 odf gu leq ljutdf sfot lgsfoxsf] cfwfdf
+efAo fem]bfxsf] +l5Kt lr k|tt ulPsf] ePtf klg +efAo yk f]sfafnfxsf]
vf]hL uL o lrdf yk uL cBfjlws uLg] 5 odf k|If]lkt jh]6 tyf sfos|dsf] nflu
k|b]zsf] cflys dfldnf tyf of]hgf dGqfnodf ljz]if kxndGjo xsfo ulg] 5
amp== s[lif vfB Iff xsfL
s[lif kz]jf vfB Iff xsfL ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL lgsfo
ljsf fem]bf u gfuls dfh gLlh If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt
+3divide+yfx ltgn] v]Ng Sg] ck]lIft eldsf efuf]lns sfo If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf]
5 s[lif edL tyf xsfL If]qsf] sfoxdf ahf gt[ordfvnfpGgt ljp ljhgk|wfgdGqL s[lif
cfwlgsLs0ffli6laquootsf] s[lif rgf tyf ~rfahf k|jwgsf sfo +3Lo sfofnoxaf6
xg]k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfwlgsLs0fsf] Ans tyf kfs]6 ljsf sfos|dx tyf k|b]ztsf]
kmfd s]Gb|xaLp cfktL tyf lgodg DaGwL sfox k|b]ztlo sfofnoxaf6 xg] ePsf]n]
sfoIf]q cgf +l3o tyf k|fb]lzs sfofnox+u klg xsfo dGjo uL sfo ulg]
5
96 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsfsf] ljZn]if0f
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 s[lif 1fg s]Gb| s[lif If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
2 kz cktfn]jf s]Gb| kz If]q ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsfj8f sfofnox gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 l+rfO l8lehg l+rfO ljsf -7nfdividedemfnf_ gu eL
5
gu k|fljlws zfvf kjfwf
ljsf tyf jftfj0f
Aofjyfkg zfvf fgf l+rfO lgdf0f tyf Jojyfkg gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno s[lif tyf kz ljsf xof]u gu eL
7
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
gusf] ljkb Aofjyfkg
zfvf eld Jojyfkg tyf +If0f gueL
8 lh===dlxnfjfnjflnsf
tyf dfh sNof0f zfvf
s[lif+u DalGwt dlxnf cfo cfhg
lk ljsf gu eL
9 xsfL zfvf pBf]u tyf
Aofzzfo k|jwg pkzfvf s[lifeIf]qdf xsfLtf k|j4g gu eL
10 l+rfO dxf+3 l+rfO Jojyfkg tyf kjL gu eL
11 u=== (CSS CHURDEP
RBPW TSS) nufot
cfo cfhg kjfwf lasf fdflhs
klrfngab]lzs f]hufL gueL
12 kxfl8 dsjfnL cgGwfg ljh a[l4dividek|ljlw xtfGt0f
13 n3 pBd ljsf sfoqmd cfocfhgdividen3pBdL [hgf gueL
14 hgf ljsf +3
hgf pTkfbg k|j4g tyf ahf
Jojyfkg gueL
15 s[lif xsflx s[lif pTkfbg k|j4g ahf Jojyfkg gueL
16 LIBIRD vfB Iff cfo cfhg hljs ljljwtf
+If0f
17 lk|]8
tsfL ljp pTkfbg tyf tfhf tsfL
pTkfbg
amp== pBf]u jfl0fHo ko6g tyf Fs[lt
o ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL tyf lqmo u gfuls
dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx +efAo ljsf
fem]bfxtyf ltgLxsf] If]qut tyf efuf]lns sfo If]qnlIft ju tflnsfdf
k|tt ulPsf] 5 pBf]uxiquestnfO cfjZos kg] kjfwf Jojyf ug gLlt lgdf0f
97 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ug yfgLo |f]t Pjd Lksf] pkof]u uL n3 3]n fgf demfnf
tyf 7nf pBf]usf] yfkgf ~rfng ug nufgLdqL jftfj0f lhgf ug tyf
u0ftoQm Pjd k|ltkwfTds cfBf]lus jtsf] lgoftnfO a9fjf lbg] sfoxsf
nflu +3 tyf k|b]ztlo3]n tyf fgf pBf]u ljsf ldltx +u dGjo
xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] gSzfIacuteg
s|= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 gu pBf]u tyf Aofjzfo
k|jwg zfvf
n3 tyf 3]n pBf]u k|j4g ljsf
tyf k|b]ztlo lgsfox +u xsfo
dGjo
gu eL
2 gukflnsfj8f sfofno pBd k|j4g xhLs0f cgudg gu eL
3 gu s[lif ]jf s]Gb|s[lif 1fg
s]Gb| s[lif pBdL k|j4g gu eL
4 dlxnfjfnjflnsf tyf dfh
sNof0f pkzfvf dlxnf pBdL k|j4g gu eL
5 kz cktfn s]Gb| kz pBdL k|j4g gu eL
6 l8lehg jg sfofno jg pBdL k|j4g gu eL
7 pBf]u jfl0fHo +3 pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo k|j4g ahfLs0f gu eL
8 MEDEP MEDPAsfos|d
klof]hgf n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
9 gu n3 pBdL +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf k|j4g
ahfLs gu eL
10 pBd ljsf ]jf +3 n3 pBdL [hgf tyf ljsf gu eL
11 g]kfn 3]n tyf fgf pBf]u
dxf3 pBdL k|j4g tyf kjL gu eL
12 gu lzIff zfvf lk ljsf f]hufL [hgf gu eL
13 fdbflos jg dfxf+3 jghGo pBf]u k|j4g kjL gu eL
14 j8f sfofno lk ljsf
j8f If]q
16 b[li6ljlxgxsf] ultlzn
dfh b[li6ljlxgsf] lk ljsf gu eL
17 ckf+u r]tgf s]Gb| ckf+usf] lk ljsf gu eL
18 F-Skill lk f]hufL k|j4g gu eL
19 x]Ne]6f lk ljsf f]hufL k|j4g gueL
98 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jfYo tyf hg+Vof
gusf] 0flglts of]hgf lgdf0f eljio pGdv5nkmn ljZn]if0fsf] k|s[of d]t
ePsfn] ljleGg f]sf jfnfx plgxn] gusf] jfYo If]qdf lgjfx ug Sg] eldsf
d]t o ljifout If]q leq pNn]v ulPsf] 5 jfYo tyf hg+Vof ljifout If]qsf nIo
tyf ljsf lqmofsnfkx +rfngsf nflu gudf x]sf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] ljZn]ifo
o of]hgf lgdf0fsf] qmddf ulPsf] 5 k|ToIf jf kf]Ifkdf jfYo If]qdf f]sf fVg]
ljleGg f]sfsf lgsfox ltgsf] eldsf ljZn]if0f ul sfoIf]qxsf] ljZn]if0f ulPsf]
5 sfoIf]q ljefhg cgf vf]k cfifwL pks0f cktfn tyf k|of]uzfnf DalGw
dfkb08 jfYo ljdf dxfdfL k|sf]k lgo+q0f nufotsf ljifodf +3Lo lgsfo vf]k cfifwL
pks0fsf] ~rfng nufotsf] ljifodf k|fb]lzs txsf lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
gukflnsfsf]
hgjfYo k|jwg
pkzfvf
gu tlo lglt sfoqmd kflt cgudg
dNof+sg dGjo ah]6 tyf |ft ljt0f
gu sf a
j8fx
gu lzIff zfvf
jfYo lzIff sfoqmddf dGjo jo+ ]js
klrfng rgf tyf +rf lszf] lszf]L lzIff
vf]k sfoqmd ljleGg lbj dgfpg xsfo
gu sf a
j8fx
Dflxnf tyf
jfnjflnsf zfvf
ljleGg tflnd tyf hgr]tgf sfoqmd +rfng
lszf] lszf] s]lGb|t sfoqmd dbfo klrfng
nlu+s dfgtfsf If]qdf r]tgf lIft dft[Tj
tyf k|hgg jfYo sfoqmd
gu sf a
j8fx
$
gu tlo cfdf
dx
j+]ljsfx
+hfn
kfljfls r]tgf sfoqmd cfdf r]tgf
sfoqmd uejlt kljf r]tgf sfoqmd uejlt
tyf Ts]L cfdfxsf] nflu k|f]Tfxg -ef]6f] 6f]kL
sfoqmd_ lgoldt a7s ljleGg lbj dgfpg] 8s
gf6s tyf fdflhs r]tgf sfoqmd nlu+s
kljf ksf 3]n lx+f lj4 cleofg
gu sf a
j8fx
jfYo +yf
Jojyfkg
ldltx
yfgLo tdf jfYo of]hgf thdf cfjZostf
klxrfg tyf |f]t vf]hL sfoqmd Jojyfkgdf
xof]u hgzlQm klrfng tyf cfjZostf cgf
yfgLo tdf lgolQm eflts kjfwf lgdf0fdf x
gu sf a
j8fx
99 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
^ fhglts bnx
ljleGg lglt thdf gudf jfYo If]qsf
cfjZost klxrfg of]hgf k|fyldlss0f of]hgf
thdf cgudg ]jfsf] u0ftemfj tyf
cfjZos yfgLo |f]t klrfng
gu sf a
j8fx
amp g]kfn ]8qm k|sf]k Jojyfkgsf If]qdf xof]u kofpg]
k|fylds pk tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
gu sf a
j8fx
u sfL
+yfx (TSS
CSS Bajra Samaj
Churdep)
dx klrfng fdflhs r]tgf tyf cfwfet
]jfxsf] kxr a[l4df xlhs0f ug]
amp==$ lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf
lzIff v]nsb tyf ojf ljsfsf If]qdf If]qdf gu leq sfot +3divide+yf
~hfnxsf] ljj0f sfoIf]q thf eldsfsf] af] tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 k|b]ztxaf6
k|jfx xg] lzIffsf] nflu vfBfGgAofjzflos lzIff tyf tyf k|ljlw tflnd nufotsf
sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]zsf] fdflhs ljsf dGqfno tyf pRr lzIff ljBfno lzIff DalGw
lgodgkf7os|d ljsfklIffsf] dfgs tyf dfkb08 nufotsf ljifoxdf +l3o
lgsfoxdf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=$ f]sfjfnf ljZn]if0f
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
lzIff ljsf tyf
dGjo OsfO
middotyfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gu lzIff zfvf
lzIff ojf tyf v]nsb
zfvf
middotof]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
u0ftlo lzIff
middotsfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middottYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
middotdGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
cGo ljifut zfvf dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
100 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
$
ljifout ldlt tyf
+3 +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
middotgtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfng gu eL
lghL If]q
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL cgudg dNof+sg
k|fljlws lzIff k|j4gsf] nflu nufgL
u0ftLo lzIff
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
^
gu lhNnf v]nsb
ljsf ldlt
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
v]nsb ljsf k|j4g
gtf]t fwgsf] vf]hL
k|lzIfs tyf v]nf8L lgdf0f gu eL
amp gu k|zfg zfvf
dGjo xsfo xhLs0f
]jfsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
lzIffsf nflu yfgLo zfg Jojyfkg gu eL
ljBfno Sofkx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
u0ftLotf ]jfsf] k|TofetL tyf nufgL
bIf u0ftLo hgzlQm pTkfbg gu eL
(
u=== afn Sna
tyf +hfnx
afn xs lxtsf nflu cleofg tyf nufgL
fdflhs klrfng
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
) fhgLlts bnx
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
gfuls dfh ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf gu eL
+rf dfWodx
u0ftLo lzIffsf nflu ~rf cleofg
gfulsxdf lzIff DaGwL rgf +k|]if0f gu eL
ljBfno Jojyfkg
ldltx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
zlIfs Jojyfkg
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg gu eL
$ k]zfut +3 +yfx
k|fljlws lzIffdf hf]8
cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
eflts If]q tyf ljBfno fdfu|Ldf nufgL
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
ljBfyL +u7x dGjo xsfo fem]bfL gu eL
101 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm== f]sfjfnfsf] g fd eldsf sfoIf]q
ljBfyL xslxtsf nflu cleofg
^ fdbflos +yfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
fdflhs klrfgn
cfndashcfkmgf] sfo
If]qdf
amp dlxnf +hfnx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
dfgj ljsf yfgLo ljsfdf xof]u gu eL
amp===vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO
vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO ljifout If]qdf o gudf sfot sfL u lghL If]q
]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yfx tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bf tyf
klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft ju If]q tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
+l3o txsf of]hgfsf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO dGqfno tyf k|fb]lzs txsf of]hgfsf
nflu eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfnodf dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp= f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
1 vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8lehg vfg]kfgL lgdf0f ddt +ef gu eL
2
gusf] kjfwf ljsf k|fljlws
zfvf kjfwf ljsf tyf dGjo gu eL
3 gukflnsf gtf]t Jojyfkg tyf dGjo gu eL
4 dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf zfvf
vfg]kfgL+u DalGwt dlxnf jfYo
wf gueL
5
u===(TSS CDS CSS
CHURDEP RBPW BAJRA
Samaj_ nufot
dfudf cfwfLt vfg]kfgL kmfO
sfoqmd gu eL
6 vVvf If]q vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf vfg]kfgL cfklt ug]
7 uljL lgsf0f sf]if vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO sfoqmd gu eL
amp==^ dlxnf afnjflnsf tyf nlIft ju
yflgo tsf dlxnf ljsf sfos|d ~rfngdlxnf lj4 xg] a lsldsf lje]b pGdng
ug] dxflGw (CEDAW) a]Olh+u 3f]if0ff tyf sfoof]hgf (BPFA) afn clwsf DaGwL
dxflGw (CRC) ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf DaGwL dxflGw (CRPD) lbuf]lasfsf
nIo sfofGjog ug] jfndf +efAo f]sfjfnfxsf] lr lgDgfgf x]sf 5g of] lrdf
do dodf cBfjlws ulg] 5
102 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
tflnsf amp=^ f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=d gfd eldsf sfoIf]q
= dlxnf tyf anaflnsf zfvf
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm -a9fpg]_ ug]
Dks dGjo- h]i7 gfulsckfEuml_
afn Sna u7g btf GalGw sfo ug] gu eL
= lzIff zfvf
afn Sna u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4 gu eL
= gukflnsf
f]sfjfnf lgsfo +u dGjo ul sfd
ug]
lglt tyf lgb]lzsfxsfsfofGjfog gu eL
$=
u = = x CSS RBPW
CHURDEP) nlIftju DalGwt sfo qmd +rfng ug
^= ckfEuml r]tgf ]jf s]Garing
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQm-af8g]_ ug]
amp=
aringli6laxLgxsf nflu
ultlzndfh nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
]tf] ufF-afnaflnsf_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
(
]as g]kfn -dlxnfanaflnsf
ckfEuml_ nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
)= gu afnsNof0f ldlt
afnsNa u7gafndqL lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf
hf]8 tyf kxFrdf cle a[l4
=
g]kfn fliaringo blnt dfh jsfnt
sNofg +3
lk5l8sf] jusf] -dlxnf_ cflys fdflhs
sfggL kdf zQmug]
= OG]s g]kfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
= h]i7 gfuls +If0f dGr
blnt dlxnf afnaflnsf ckfEuml hghftL
h]i7 gfuLs
$= fxff cfgtfd nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
= cflbafL hghflt dfxf+3 nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
^= P8ef]s]zL kmf]d nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
amp dlxnf xsfL +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
Psn dlxnfxsf] +yf nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
( gu dlxnf +hfn nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug]
) lj lasf sf
nlIftju DalGwt sfoqmd +rfng ug
3fpg]
103 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==amp oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f
gu leq oftfoft ljBt +~rf tyf fjhlgs lgdf0f ljifout If]qdf sfot sfL
u lghL If]q tyf +efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf]] ljj0f tklndf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o
tsf kjfwf ljsfsf nflu eflts kjfwf tyf oftfoft dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dsf nflu
k|b]zsf] eflts kjfwf ljsf dGqfno tyf DalGwt cfof]hgfx+u dGjo xsfo ulg]
5
tflnsf g+= amp=amp f]sfjfnfsf] ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf
nlIft ju
=
gukflnsf kjfwf
ljsf zfvf gtf]t klrfng tyf ljsf dGjo gueL
= l8lehg 8s gtf]t klrfng tyf sfofGjog gueL
= j8f sfonox
ufpFtLo ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t
klrfng DalGwt j8f
$=
gulyt fhgLlts
bnx dGjo ljsf] jftfj0f lgdftf gueL
= gukflnsf gu ljsf dGjo tyf gtf]t klrfng dGynL fd]5fk
^=
ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx dNof+sg cgudg gueL
amp= u dxf+3 usf] Ifdtf ljsf gueL
= kqfsf dxf+3 hgr]tgf jfxs cgudgstf gueL
(= g]kfn ljBt k|flws0f
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns gu eL
) DRSP
8s ljsf tyf tf]Gglt gtf]t
Jojyfkg gueL
n3 hn ljBt sDkgL
tyf pkef]Qmfx nufgL stf tyf cgudgstf gu eL
n3 tyf fgf hnljBt
cfof]hgf
ljBt ljsf dGjostf tyf gtf]t
klrfns
DefJotfsf]
cfwfdf
104 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp== jg endash+If0f tyf jftfj0f
jg e ndash+If0f tyf jftfjf0f ljifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL
ux|sfL gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf tyf
+efAo ljsf fem]bfxsf] ljj0f tflnsfdf k|tt ulPsf] 5 +l3o sfos|dsf nflu jg
tyf jftfj0f dGqfnok|fb]lzs sfos|dxsf nflu k|b]z pBf]uko6gjg tyf jftfj0f
dGqfno+u dGjo xsfo ulg] 5
tflnsf amp== f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsfdividesfdsf] k|s[lt sfoIf]qdividenlIft ju
gukflnsf
dGjo tyf kjfwf lgdf0f ubf
sn nufgLsf] Uuml sd jftfj0f
+If0fsf] nflu 56ofO jftfj0f
+If0fsf sfox ug] ufpg]
gu eL
l8lehg jg sfofno
fdbflos jg salnolt jg
fli6laquoo jg jg +If0f
Aojyfkg gusf] du| hljs
ljljwtf +If0f jftfj0f +If0f
jggtf]tsf] bkof]u lgodg
gu eL
endash+If0f tyf hnfwf
Aofjykg sfofno
k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f eldsf]
pTkfbg +If0f kjfwf +If0f
dx klrfng zlQms0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt hnfwf If]q
lhNnf eL
gu kz ]jf s]Gb| salnolt jg -afv|f lat0f
3fF ljsf
gufsf salnolt jg
sfoqmd nfu ePsf )
j8fsf salnotL jg
dxsf box
guf s[lif ]jf s]Gb| dn Aojyfkg ffolgs dn
Golgs0f s[lifndashjg gu eL
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
zfvf wflPsf] rnf]
kmk kmnfL h8jf d]n
lahnLsf]6 lxdu+uf j8fx
fdbflos jg pkef]Qmf
dxfF3
dx r]lts0f kfdz hnjfo
klj guf eL
u===(CSSCHURDEP
RBPW) 8fn]3fF ljsfs[lif jg guf eL
105 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==( ljkb Jojyfkg
lakb Aojyfkg laifout If]qdf fd]5fk gudf sfot tyf lqmo sfL u
gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf ~hfnsx
ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfoIf]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf amp=( f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf] gfd eldsf sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju
= gfuls tyf dbfo
nlIft ju lakbaf6 lIft xg rgfvf] xg] gueLsf aflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
dGjo xsfo cgudg tyf dNofFsg
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
gueL
= j8f sfonox tyf
gukflnsf
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu sf]if lgdf0f
lakb Aojyfkgsf] nflu dGjo
xsfo
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$ hn pTkGg k|sf]k gbL lsgffdf t6jGwg ug] sfo gu eL
endashtyf hnfwf
Aofjyfkg sfofno
klxf]lgoGq0f t6aGwg e ndashIfo lgoGq0f
kjfwfxsf] +If0f
k|fyldstf k|fKt
hnfwf If]q gu eL
^ g]kfn ]8qm
f]fO6L
fxt Kofs]h tofL tyf lat0f lakb
Aojyfkg +jGwL k|fljlws hfgsfL
k|bfg
guf eL
amp gu k|xL zfvf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng gu eL
( g]kfnL ]gf p2f sfodf hgzlQ klrfng guf eL
) o Pg l8=kL= dfgljo p4f s]lGb|t sfoqmd guf eL
pBf]u afl0fHo +3 fxftsf] nflu vfB fdu|L cflb
xof]u gu eL
gu k|zfg zfvf p4f sfodf k|xL k|zfg klrfng
fxft sd lat0f gu eL
$ hgjfYo zfvf
dxfdfL f]u lgs]sf] cjyfdf
dfxfdfL f]u lgoGq0f tyf jfYof
pkrf ]jf -= nfvsf] sf]if x]sf]
cfjZostf cgf yk xg Sg] _
gu eL
l8lehg jg
hnjfo kljtgsf cxsf]
Golgs0f tyf cgsng sfoqmd -
axf]sfjfnf jg sfo d]t_
gu eL
^ ux| yfx
r]tgf cWoog cjnf]sg cWoog
ljZn]if0f tflnd tyf kgyfkgf
xof]u
gu eL
106 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp==) +yfut ljsf tyf zfg
+yfut tyf Ifdtf ljsf zfg ljifo If]qdf o gudf sfot tyf lqmo
sfL u gfuls dfh lghL If]q ]jf k|bfos tyf dbfodf cfwflt +3divide+yf
~rfnsx ljsf fem]bf tyf klof]hgfsf] ljj0f efuf]lns sfo If]q tyf nlIft
ju If]q tnlndf k|tt ulPsf] 5
tflnsf g+= amp=) f]sfjfnf tyf eldsf ljZn]if0f
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
= gfuls tyf
dbfo nlIft ju ljsf Jojyfkgdf lqmo xeflutf
gu eLsf
jflGbf
= gukflnsf
yfgLo gLlt lgb]lzsf thdf wf
of]hgf thdf tyf dLIff
+rgfut kldfhg
sfoqmd cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
gtf]t fwg klrfng nufgL
fdflhs klrfngdf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
gueL
= j8f zfvfx
fdflhs klrfng
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cBfjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
DalGwt j8f
gukflnsf
$= gulyt
fhgLlts bnx
gfuls klrfng DnUgtf lglZrttf
yfgLo gLlt +rgfdf wf
zfg jsfnt
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dLIff
dGjo jftfj0f lgdf0f
gueL
=
gulyt ljifout
zfvf tyf ]jf
s]Gb|x
]jf tyf ljwf k|jfx
]jf ~rfng tyf Jojyfkg
tYofIacuteLo cfwf tof tyf cWofjlws
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
gu eL tyf
guafL
107 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
^=
gusf] k|zfg
zfvf tyf cGo
zfvfx
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL
]jf tyf jtsf] u0ftLotf cgudg
yfgLo zfgJojyfkg
gueL
amp= gusf] k|fljlws
zfvf
lgdf0f Jojyfkgk|fljlws xof]uxhLs0f
]jf Jojyfkg
gLlt tyf +rgf lgdf0f wf
= ljleGg ldlt tyf
pkldltx
+yfut tyf gLltut cfwf xof]u
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL ljsf
of]hgf thdf cgudg tyf dNofIacuteg
zfgcEof
gueL
( ljleGg ux
zfg DaGwL cWoog cgGwfg kjL
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4
sfodfxlhs0f
+yfut tyf gLltut wf
dGjo xsfo fem]bfL k|jwg
tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
+hfn ljsf gLltut jsfnt kjL
gueL
)
cn zfg gu
dGjo ldlt
tyf cn zfg
Sna
zfg DaGwL cfhf thdf xlhs0f
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4 +aGwL
xlhs0f
fjhlgs ]jf ljwf af] fjhlgs gjfO
tyf jxz
fjhlgs jxz tflnd tyf Ifdtf ljsf
zfg +aGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL gLltut jsfnt kjL
zfg DaGwL cGtlqmof
zfg yfgLo jfoQ zfg P]g lgod tyf
lgb]lzsf DaGwL tfln
gueL
g]kfn fli6laquoo blnt
sNof0f +3
clwsfdvL cjwf0ff af] axz kjL
gLlt +rgfut kljtgsf nflu gfuls
jxz
gueL
108 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
qm=+= f]sfjfnfsf]
gfd eldsf
sfoIf]q tyf
nlIft ju
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
kfGt0fLo fdflhs klrfng
fdbflos jg
pkef]Qmf dxf+3 -
gu gu t_
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
fdbflos zfg
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf gfuls clwsf zfg
+aGwL jsfnt kjL
yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj af] xlhs0f
fdflhs klrfng zlQms0f
gueL
cfbLafL hghftL
dxf+3
fdflhs dfj]zLs0f dfgkflts
k|ltlglwTj +aGwL axz kjL
gLltdivide+rgf kljtgsf nflu gfuls jxz
clwsfdvL ljsf cjwf0ff axz kjL
k|fs[lts gtf]tdf dbfosf] clwsfsf nflu
jxz kjL
gueL
$ kqsf dxf+3
tyf d]l8of
yfgLo zfg DaGwL ~rf cleofg
lk|06 tyf ]l8of] sfoqmd thdf k|f0f
yfgLo zfgsf] kfblztf pQbfloTj
clea[l4 sfoqmd +rfng
gfulsxdf rgf +k|]if0f
gueL
amp=$ zfg tyf kfblztf
zfg fHosf] cjostf hgtfsf] rfxgf k|zfgsf] nIf gfuls dfhsf] Ph]G8f
xf] oy gun] clwsfsf] dlrt k|of]uIfd lgikIf pTkfbgzLn ldtAooL 5ltf]
hgdvL pQbfoL k|zfg +oGq jgfP sfo ug] 5 osf] nflu gfuls dfh d]tsf]
xeflutf ufOg] 5 zfg sfod ug] jfndf gusf] lgDg dNo dfGotf xg]5M
s= glts dNo dfGotfdf cfwflt yfgLo sf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
zfgsf] k|Tofelt
kfbzL xeflutfdns hjfkmb]xL fjhlgs k|zfg
sfggsf] zfg cflys cgzfg tyf e|i6frfdQm k|zfg
l56f] 5ltf] tyf sd vlrnf] 9+uaf6 jfwf0fdf ]jf k|jfx
]jf k|bfosaf6 lglZrt ekbf] ]jf k|jfx
109 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
v= e|i6frfdf zGo xgzLntf
pRr gltstfdf cfwflt kfbzL zfg Jojyf cjnDag uL e|i6rf GogLs0f
3fp kyenofpg]
cglrt sfo tyf e|i6frf xg glbg lgf]wfTds pkrffTds bj pkfo cjnDag
u= cfrf+lxtf lgdf0f kfngf
cn zfgsf] cfwfet dfGotfsf] cfTdft
fjhlgs gLlh Jojxf
sfgg gagfO lg0fo ug gxg]
kbLo pQbfloTjsf] lgjfx
cflys kIf -ljb]zL j+sdf vftf k]ZsL bfgbGtJo pkxf_
lg0fo -sfd stJodf xtIf]k kljfsf boFu DalGwt lg0fo_
lgolQm -ljz]if1 ]jfsf] Nnfxsf sfoIf]qut t_
DklQ ljj0f
3= clwsfdf cfwflt k4tL
fdflhs klrfng -gfuls +hfn +oGq klrfng
cn dNo dfGotf +sfsf] ljsf k|jwg
]jf k|jfx k|efjsfltf DaGwdf cGtlqmof 5nkmn dNof+sg
ordf= k|lta4 k|zflgs +oGq k|zflgs t6ytf
fhgLlts g]t[Tj sdrfL aLr sfdsf] ki6 Ldf lgwf0f xg] uL sfggL
Jojyf ug] k|ltlglw tyf sdrfLn] f] cgf sfoDkfbg ug] -sfolefhg
sfoDkfbg P]g_
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg cgudg ksf b08
lgjflrt hgk|ltlglw sdrfL k|zfg aLr ljZjfsf] aftfj0f gt[hgf
k|ltj4 k|zfg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|zfgdf glts dNo dfGotf Goflos jsfnt
5= P]g gLlt lgodsf] kfngf gfuls Daw k[i7kf]if0f
gfuls k[i7kf]if0f j]If0f +lIfKt dt+u|x
fdflhs kLIf0f fjhlgs kLIf0f fjhlgs gjfO
110 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= kfblztf
gun] ~rfng u]sf sfd sfojfxL hg dIf zlrt ug ty ]jf k|jfxsf]
u0ftgfuls Gtli6 aemg gfuls tyf yfgLo lgsfox aLrsf] lgGt cGtlqmof
axz ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] fdbflos tyf fjhlgs klIf0f yfgLo
lgsfo tyf fjhlgs lgsfon] lgjfx u]sf] fdflhs lhDd]jfLsf] n]vfhf]vf sfodf
xof]u kyenofpg fdflhs klIf0f tyf fjhlgs gjfO htf kflztfsf cfhfxsf]
dlrt pkof]u ulg] 5 pQm sfoljlwdf dofgsn kldfhg d]t uL pQbfloTj
clea[l4 DaGwL sfoqmd ~rfng ubf t]gtf] kIfsf] cgudg tyf xlhs0f d]tnfO
cfTdft ulg] 5 yfgLo zfg pQbfloTj clea[l4sf nflu yfgLo zfg tyf
pQbfoL +oGq dfkmt gfuls dfh +yfx d]taf6 yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr
kgfjnf]sg gfuls Gti6L j]If0f ~rflnt cfof]hgf tyf sfoqmdxsf] dbfodf
cfwflt cgudg sfo ulg] 5g
111 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cWofo M of]hgf cgudg dNof+sg tyf clen]v Jojyfkg
= of]hgf k|lqmof
+3 k|b]z yfgLo txn] tof u]sf gLlt sfos|d tyf of]hgfxsf] cltlSt of]
0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjogsf nflu of]hgf sfofGjog cgudg tyf dNof+sg
clen]v k|0ffnL lsfO k|lqmofnfO o v08df Jojyf ulPsf] 5 oL Jojyfx +3Lo
tyf k|fb]lzs P]glgodx gukflnsfn] to u]sf] gLltP]g tyf lgodfjnLxsf] cfwfdf
sfofGjog xg]5
gusf] jflifs of]hgf k|lqmofnfO yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$n] dfubzg ug]5 pSt dfubzgleq xL lgDgcgf of]hgf thdf xg]5M
s= of]hgf 5gf6sf tx
+3 +yf txM +3 +yfsf of]hgfx +sng ug]
jtL txM atLtsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
j8f txM j8f txsf] of]hgf +sng ug]
gu sfokflnsf txM gutLo of]hgfx 5gf6 ug]
guef txM sfokflnsfn] k]z u]sf of]hgfxsf] clGtd 5gf6 ug]
ljleGg txdf of]hgf 5gf6 ubf lbUbzgn] tf]s]sf] k|fyldstfsf cfwfx +3 k|b]z
tyf yfgLo txaLr tfnd]n ldnfpgkg] ljifodf Wofg lbOg]5
v= of]hgf thdf ldltx
ljifout ldltM ljifout of]hgfx tof ug]
yfgLo fhj kfdz ldltM fhj of]hgfsf nflu kfdz lbg]
|f]t cgdfg tyf ah]6 Ldf lgwf0f ldltM cfo|f]t cgdfg uL ljlgof]hg sd
lgwf0f ug]
ah]6 tyf sfoqmd thdf ldltM ljt[t sfoqmd tyf ah]6 tof ug]
u= ah]6 tofL tyf clVtofL r0f
ah]6sf] kjtofLM kfif dfGtleq
+3af6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M kmfug dfGtleq
k|b]zaf6 ah]6 Ldf k|fKt ug]M rt dfGtleq
sfokflnsfdf jflifs ah]6 tyf sfoqmd dofbf k]zM cf ut]leq
ufpFdivideguefdf k]zM cf ) ut]leq
112 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
ufpFdivideguefaf6 clGtd jLs[ltM cf dfGtleq
ah]6 k|sfzgM fpg ut]leq
cWoIfdividek|dvn] k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tnfO ah]6sf] vr ug] clVtofL k|bfg ug]M
efaf6 kflt ePsf] amp lbgleq
k|dv k|zfsLo clws[tn] DalGwt ljefuzfvf tyf j8fnfO sfofGjogsf] clVtofL
lbg]M cfkmn] clVtofL kfPsf] lbgleq
3= jflifs of]hgfdf 0fgLlts of]hgf dfj]z ug] k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf 0fgLlts of]hgfn] to u]sf nIo p2]Zo 0fgLlt tyf
j8fut jflifs sfoqmdxnfO dfj]z ugkg]5 oL k|tfj ulPsf of]hgfx x]s txut
of]hgf thdf k|lqmofdf k|tt ugkg]5 dnet p2]Zo nIo gtLhf 0fgLlt tyf
sfogLltxdf vf c gkg] uL yfgLo lqmofsnfkxdf cflrTotflxt fdfGo x]km]
ug lsg]5 oL of]hgf agfpFbf a f]sfjfnfxnfO hfgsfLxeflutf xdltsf]
cfwfdf tof ugkg]5 oL k|lqmofx a7ssf] ]s8af6 kli6 ugkg]5
= sfofGjog k|lqmof
s= sfofGjog of]hgf
jflifs of]hgf tof ubf sfokflnsf a7sdf sfofGjog of]hgfsf] dVo ljifox
dfj]z ulg]5 sfofGjog of]hgfdf sfoqmd ah]6 fem]bf nfeu|fxL lhDd]jfL dVo
gtLhf dotflnsf pNn]v xg]5 f] sf] cfwfdf DalGwt sfofGjog lgsfon] ljt[t
sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
v=sfofGjog +oGq
ljz]if of]hgfafx]s cNksfnLg tyf bL3sfnLg of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu yfoL k|s[ltsf]
lgDg +rgfn] of]hgf sfofGjog ug]5M
gutLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldltM hgk|ltlglw tyf k|dv sdrfL lDdlnt
ldlt
gutLo of]hgf sfofGjog ldltM ljifout dxfzfvfzfvfsf k|dvxsf] ldlt
ljifout ldltM hgk|ltglwxsf] gutLo ljifout ldlt
j8ftLo of]hgf tyf cgudg ldlt
ljifolj1 tyf kfdz ldlt
u= sfofGjog ljlw
dflysf] +oGqn] of]hgf sfofGjognfO Jojlyt ug lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ug]5M
113 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfoof]hgf ljt[tLs0fM sfoqmdah]6 sfoljlw do lhDd]jfL gtLhfxsf] ljt[t
ljj0f
nfut Ol6d]6 tyf l8hfOg tofL jLs[lt
vlb ljlw 5gf]6
of]hgf k]z Demftf sfofb]z
sfofGjog cgudg tyf klj]If0f
k|ltj]bg tyf dNof+sg
of]hgf kmkmfs
= cgudg tyf dNof+sg k|lqmof
jflifs of]hgf cgudgsf nflu yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgf tyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg
)amp$tf]s]afx]s jflifs tyf cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efjsfL cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf nflu
lgDg ljlwx cjnDag ulg]5M
s= cgudg tyf dNof+sgsf r0fx
of]hgf r0f M o r0fsf 0fgLlts of]hgf tyf cfjlws sfoqmdsf rLx jflifs
of]hgfleq s]slt dfj]z eP eGg] kIf olsg ulg]5
sfofGjog r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] ult cgudg (Track monitoring)
rfdfls kdf ulg]5 odf dVotofM of]hgfxsf] k|ult ck]lIft gtLhf cfjlws
nIo k|flKtlt pGdv eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
sfoDkGg r0f M o r0fdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljlw ah]6 doleq tf]lsPsf]
gtLhf xfln eP gePsf] olsg ulg]5
k|efj dNof+sg r0f M 0fgLlts of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf fv]sf ufj cfof]hgfdWo]sf
ljifout yfgut nfeu|fxL ah]6cgf s]xL of]hgfxsf] k|efj dNof+sg ulg]5
o cGtut sfoqmdn] hLjgt wfdf NofPsf] kljtgaf] n]vfhf]vf ulg]5
v= cgudg tyf dNof+sg ljlw
1 sfokflnsfdf PsLs[t sfofGjog sfoof]hgf k]z u]sf] lbgleq cgudg tyf
klj]If0f ldltn] cfˆgf] jflifs cgudg sfoof]hgf agfO sfofGjog ug]5
2 gukflnsfn] ) sf]8 a9L nfutsf of]hgfsf] of]hgf DkGg ePsf] jifleq t]|f]
kIfaf6 k|efj dNofIacuteg ufpg]5
3 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] k|efj yfxf kfpgof]hgfn] nIf fv]sf nfeu|fxLx nfeflGjt eP
gePsf] PsLg ug cfufdL of]hgf thdfsf] nflu k[i7kf]if0f lngof]hgf thdf
114 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sfofGjog ljlwdf cfjZos kldfhg ug axf]sfjfnf lgsfoxsf] xeflutfdf
f9] bO jifkl5 k|efj dNofIacutegsf] Aojyf ug]5 otf k|efj dNofIacutegsf] glthf
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf k|tt uL f]sfjfnfxsf] hfgsfLsf] nflu fjhlgs d]t
ug] 5
4 cgudg tyf klj]If0f ldltn] u]sf] sfdsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfdf k]z uL
sfokflnsfsf] a7sdf 5nkmn ug]5
5 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] afxo cgud0f tyf dNof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
gusfokflnsfn] gutdf Ps jklIfo cgud0f tyf dNof+sg ldlt u7g uL
f] sf] sfoljlw tf]lslbg] 5 pQm ldltn] cw jflifs kdf cgud0f uL dLIff tyf
jflifs kdf dNof+sg uL k|ltj]bglxt k[i7kf]if0f lbg]5
6 of] of]hgfsf] cfGtls k|of]hgsf] nflu yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ cgk
guj8f tyf pkef]Qm dxxsf] txdf cgudg ldlt u7g xg]5 pQm ldltn]
of] gfuls dbfocfd pkef]Qmf fhlglt bnljifo ljz]if1 d]tsf] xsfodf
cgud0f ug] 5 gutlo cgud0f ldltn] of]hgfxsf] cgud0fsf cnfjf cgdfg
ulPsf] gtf]t fwgxsf] klrfng nIo cgk eP gePsf] of]hgfsf] sfofGjog
0fgLlts of]hgf dtfljs eP gePsf] cgud0f uL Pj+ cfof]hgf sfofGjogdf b]lvg]
afwf Jojwfg jf c8rg dfwfgsf nflu pkfoxsf] d]t emfj lbg] 5
7 j8ftsf] of]hgfsf] cgud0f j8ftLo cgud0f ldltn] ug]gutlo of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutLo cgd0f ldltn] ug] tyf nfv eGbf eGbf dflysf] of]hgfsf]
cgud0f gutlo cgud0f ldltn] ug] j8ftdf ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgud0f
j8ftlo cgud0fsf cnfjf gutlo cgud0f ldltn] f] dWo] sDtLdf k|ltzt
of]hgf ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]udf jtGq 5gf6 ljlwaf6 5gf6 uL cgud0f
ug] +lIfKt k|ltj]bg d]t tof uL a7sdf k[i7kf]if0fsf] nflu k]z ug] gu
k|dvn] ToL ulPsf] cgud0f dWo] kgL sDtLdf k|ltzt jtGq kdf 5gf6 uL
jtGq ljifout k|fljlws d]tsf] xof]u lnO cgud0f tyf dNof+sg uL cfufdL
jifsf] cgud0f tyf dNof+sg gLlt tyf sfos|d to ug] k|of]uhgsf] axklIfo dLIff
ug]5
8 oL ulg] ldIffaf6 guaf6 k|jfx ulPsf] ]jfnfO k|efjsfL eP gePsf]gusf
ljleGg zfvfljifout ldltj8f sfofnoxaf6 Dkflbt xg] sfox aLr xsfo
eP gePsf] ljifodf olsg uL dfls4dflsrfdfls jflifs kdf DalGwt
kbflwsfL jf lgsfonfO k[i7kf]if0f lbg] guaf6 lbOg] b08hfo tyf ksf
sdrfLsf] sfoDkfbg dNof+sgsf] cfwfaGg]5
9 cgud0f tyf dNof+EumlgnfO+ gtf]t fwg sdrfLsf] Aojyf lxt 566 zfvfsf] Aofjy
ug]5
115 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
10 ljifout If]qut tyf sfdsf] k|s[lt cgf cgudgsf] cfwfdfkb08 tyf rsx
lgwf0f ug]5
11 0fgLlts of]hgf sfofGjogsf nflu nufgL tyf fwgsf] k|jfx dlrt 9+un] ePsf]
5 5g sfotflnsfcgf lqmofsnfkxiquestsf] sfofGjog eO nlIft k|ltkmn k|fKt xg]
lbzftkm lqmofln ePsf] 5 5g egL glthfdns cgud0f tyf dNof+sg k4ltaf6
rfdfls tyf jflifs lgoldt ldIffsf cnfjf ljleGg f]sfjfnfxsf] xeflutfdf
jifsf] sDtLdf k6s 0flglts of]hgf sfofGjogsf] jflifs ldIff ulg]5
12 jflifs kdf ljleGg txdf ulg] cfGtls cgud0f ldlt tyf Tosf] lhDd]jfL
yflgo sf ~rfng P]g )amp$ n] lgwf0f u]cgf xg]5
13 cgudgsf nflu lgDg ljlwx k|of]u ulg]5M
ynut cjnf]sg
f]sfjfnfxFu 5nkmn
gfuls dfhsf Fyfx klrfng
ldl8of cgudg
fjhlgs gjfO fdflhs kLIf0f tyf fjhlgs kLIf0f
a]j fO6 df]afOn PK tyf rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg
u= pkef]Stf ldltaf6 ~rflnt of]hgfxsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg
cfof]hgf klof]hgf sfoqmd tf]lsPsf] u0ft kldf0f dodf DkGg ug ufpg
pkef]Qmf ldltn] Dkfbg ug] sfosf] cgudg uL cfof]hgf klof]hgf tyf
sfoqmdsf] u0ft kldf0f lglZrt ug pkef]Qmf e]nfaf6 slDtdf Ps hgf dlxnf
lxt b]lv boLo Ps cgudg ldlt u7g ug]5
oL ul7t ldltn] lgDg sfdx ug]5MM
of]hgfsf]sfofGjgdf xhLs0f ug] tyf b]lvPsf afwf Jojwfg dof
dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos lgb]zg lbg]
of]hgfsf]sfofGjog sfotflnsf cgf sfd eP gePsf] osLg ug] gu]sf]
kfOPdf DalGwt kIfnfO r]t ufpg]
pkef]Qmf ldltn] +rfng ug] cfof]hfgf tyf sfoqmdx+u DjlGwt cGo sfo
ug]
116 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
3= k|ltj]bg k|of]u
cgudg tyf dNof+sgsfoaf6 dVotofM lgDg k|ltj]bgx tof xg]5gM
rfdfls jflifs k|ultk|ltj]bgM cfof]hgfsf] nIo k|ultsf] oyfy lylt yfxf kfpg]
cfwfettYofIacuteljj0ftyfcWofjlwskmffdM cfjlws of]hgf jflifs ljsf sfoqmd
tyf jh]6 thdfsf cjyfdf cfof]hgfsf] cWofjlws lyltsf] hfgsfL lng]
ynut cgudg k|ltj]bgxiquest M cfof]hgfsf] DaGwdf cfjZos wfsf nflu lg0fo
lng]
dNofIacutegk|ltj]bgM dNofIacutegaf6 k|fKt Nnfx tyf emfjxiquestsf] sfofGjogaf6
cfof]hgfsf] rfn cjyfdf wf ug csf] r0f thdf jf Dofb yk ugkg] cjyfsf]
hfgsfL k|fKt ug]
=$ clen]v Jojyfkg
0fgLlts of]hgfsf]] xL dfubzg nIo xflnnfO xof]uL agfpgsf nflu sfgg
tyf gLltxn] lgwf0f u]sf clen]v ljlwsf] cltlSt lgDg k|0ffnL sfofGjog ug]5M
0fgLlts of]hgfcgfsf] 8f6fj]z
cgudg tyf dNof+sg sfoljlw
rfdfls tyf jflifs k|ltj]bg
dWofjlw dNof+sg
cfjlws dNof+sg
= cgGwfg ljsf
ljsf sfo lgGt k|ult kldfhgsf] k|lqmof xf] ljsf ofqfdf lsfO wf
lgGt k|lqmof xf] Todf klg xfn yflkt gukflnsf gu ljsfsf] ofqfdf k|flDes
r0fd 5 jflifs cfjlws tyf cGo ljifout cNksfnLg bL3sfnLg of]hgfx a lsfO
klis0fs k|lqmofdf 5g o cydf gun] cfkmgf x]s ultljlwxnfO Ps cgGwfgsf]
kdf k|of]u ljZn]if0f ub Toaf6 cfPsf lsfOxnfO clen]v ug] ltgnfO cfufdL
r0fsf] of]hgfdf dfj]z ug] uL jflifs k|ltj]bgdf lsfO tyf wfsf lkmflaf] 566
cWofo dfj]z ug]5 x]s gofF jifdf cl3Nnf] jifsf] lsfO sL k|of]u ulPsf] lyof]
oaf6 s] pknlAw eof] eGg] ljifo dfj]z xg]5 0fgLlts of]hgfsf] dWofjlw cfjlws
dNof+sg r0fdf cgej lsfOxsf] 566 v08 tof xg]5 hg gukflnsfnufot a
ljsf f]sfjfnfxnfO pkof]uL aGg Sg]5
lsfO +Zn]if0fsf] cfwfdf 0fgLlts of]hgfsf kldf0ffTds nIo sfoqmd tyf
0fgLltx dnet dddf x]km] gkg] uL jflifs efn] +zf]wg ug Sg]5 t otf]
+zf]wgsf] kldf0f k6snfO Lldt ulg]5
117 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL
f]hufL tyf cfocfhgsf If]qut kdf nflu DefJo If]qx
s[lif tyf jg kbfjfdf cfwflt pBf]uM
kmnkmn v]tLdividekmnkmn k|zf]wg vfB k|zf]wg kzkfng kz k|hgg kzk+IfL kfng
k|hgg bw pBf]u svfkfngdividerNnf sf9g] Jojfo dTokfngdivideef pTkfbg skmL
v]tLdivideskmL k|zf]wg tsfL aLplahg pTkfbg tsfL v]tLdividetsfL k|zf]wg xlt u[x
yfkgf ~rfng dfLkfng -dx pTkfbg k|zf]wg k|hgg_ gL Jojfo u]8fu8L
ordfsng s]Gb| gub]jfnLsf] Jojflos v]tL tyf k|zf]wg cn+rL cbjf a]f t]nxg ot
dnfjfnL u]8fu8L cflb_afF v]tL afFhGo pTkfbgx
kDkfuttyfcGo 3]n pBf]ux
s[lif cfhf lgdf0f kmnfdaf6 ag]sf xtlgldt ef+8f jtg tyf 3foL k|of]usf
rSs rn]L vsL x+lof s6f] sf]bfnf] htf kDkfutcfhfx pTkfbg 9fsf agfO xft]
tfg v66] tfg sk8f jflkEuml kDkfut k|ljlwaf6 ulg] EumlfO 5kfO lnfO tofL
kf]zfsafx]s agfO pmg klZdgf kf]zfs Hofnkn tfdf lkQn 9nf6 sf+ g
rf+bLaf6 xtlgldt u uxgf jt jfF rf]of aflaof] cNnf] cflb k|fs[lts ]zfdf kDkfut
+s[lt jfhfufhf snfbzfpg] ljleGg k|sfsf xtsnfsf jt
phfdns pBf]u M jfof] UofF tyf cGo |f]taf6 phf kbf ug] pBf]u
vfgLhGo pBf]u wft tyf cwft vlgh M pTvgg k|zf]wg 9ordfuflusectL jfnjf f]8f pBf]u
ko6g pBf]u M u|fdL0f ko6g tyfkof ko6g (Eco-tourism) f+s[lts wflds ef
Dd]ngtyf v]nsbko6g Cultural Religious Conference and Sports Tourism ko6s cfjf
xf]6]n lhf]6]i6fF 6laquofe]n Ph]GL 6 ck|]6 6li6 ufO8 lxlnEuml ]G6
fxlsko6g (Adventure Tourism) kffUnfOl8Euml jf6 yenofkml6Euml (Water Rafting) fOlSnordf
s SnfOljordf canf]sg =dgf]~hg kfs lgdf0f tyf ~rfng Mountain Flight ~rfng
rgftyf ~rf k|ljlwpBf]u M 6]Sgf]nf]hLkfs cfO l6 kfs km6j]o ljsf sDKo6 tyf
DalGwt ]jfx tYofIacutek|zf]wg fOj Sofk]m l8lh6n DoflkEuml OG6g]6 ]jf 6]lnkmf]g tyf
]nn 6]lnkmf]g ]jfx df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]g 6]lnlehg k|f0f -of6]nfO6 tyf s]an 6]lnlehg
k|f0f_ ]jf Pkm=Pd= ]l8of] k|f0f ]jf
]jfpBf]u M Jo6L kfn lgdf0f eOs]sf kjfwfxsf] ~rfng -ef ejg vfg]kfgL
OGwghGo UofF cfklt uf]bfd3 tyf e08f0f kf]6 sDKn]s sDKn]S l8kf] zlIfs tyf
k|fljlws kfdz ]jfx f+s[lts tyf dgf]~hgfTds Jojfo lgdf0f fjhlgs kljxg
Jojfo kmf]6f]u|fkmL zLt e08f ~rfng jfolEuml lkml6Euml ddt kmf]xf] dnf ordfsng tyf
kmfO vfBfGg s6fgL lkfgL k]nfgL KoflsEuml sk8f Kofs]lhEuml slo 8laquofOlSnlgEuml
Iff ]jf k|bfg lj1fkg dfrf Dk|]if0f ]jf 8sd]G6laquoL 6]nLlkmNd pTkfbg tyf k|f0f
jfOn 6]li6Euml ]jf Health Club lkpg] kfgL 9jfgL ]jf Jojfo Dj4g ]jf -Business incubation service_ Jofkfls sDKn]S ~rfng jb]lzs f]huf ]jf
118 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL MVvf u|t If]q Jojyfkg -dTyfglzntf_ sf nflu lnOg] gLlt tyf sfoqmdx
fljs lhNnf ljsf ldltsf] k|lta]bg tyf gt]i7) sf] k|ltj]bgsf cgf gusf
dWo] j8f g= afx]s ^ j6f j8fxnfO Vvfu|t If]qdf fv]sf 5g o gusf] j8f
g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu blIf0fL df]x8f x]sf] a9L Vvf x]g] ub5 eg] pQpQ
kjL df]x8fxdf eg] tnfgfTds kdf blIf0fL efusf] eGbf lrofg xg] efules kdf kgL
kfgL e08f0f ug Sg] e efu x]sf] b]lvG5
k|fs[lts sf0f
fd]5fkgusf] blIf0f tkm kj klZrd kmlnP dxfeft kjt gt[ordfvnf x]sf] on]
ubf k5f8L k66L x]sf fd]5fk gusf] gsf]zL s5f8sf If]q a[li65fofdf kl Vvf xg]
ub5 gusf] j8f g= ^amp ( sf] clwsf+z efu otf] a[i6L 5fofdf xg] df]x8fsf]
lxfjn] klg clwsf+z Vvf xg] blIf0fL df]x8fdf 5g efules lxfjn] d]t o If]qdf
dVot n]6 lkmnfO6 x]sf] lt r66fgL txxsf] 9NsfO kgL txsf] clwsf+z yfgdf
dfgfGt x]sf] sf0f kfs[lts kdf kfgL e08f0f sd xg] ub5 oy o If]q Vvf xg]
ub5
dfgljo sf0f
hdLgsf] Vvfkg dflgn] ug] e pkof]u efules bj sfsf] +of]hgn] xG5 htf]
xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To dndf jifftdf k]sf]
kfgL hdLgdf f]lP df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf]
xG5 dndf cfpg] kfgL jifft sf] kfgL df6f]df f]lP df6f]leq s absf] kdf x]
cGtgtj0fsf] kdf au] dndf cfPsf[ xG5 cGtgtj0fsf] s|ddf leqL efusf] r66fgL txdf
hDDff eP elP lgsfaf6 aflx lgsG5 kfgL dnsf] dfyLaf6 8s vlgPdf oL bj
jftfj0f lju|g S5 dn S5 df6f]nfO dfWood agfP dndf kfgL cfPpg] s|ddf lardf
af6f] hfbf kfgL k|f0f xg] dfWood 665 cyft egf kfgLsf] gzf 665 eg] r66fgL tx
ePdf 8f]h nfPdf ylsP kfgL e08f0f If]q vNalnG5 o k|s[ofnfO tn lrqdf d]t
b]vfOPsf] 5 ty sltko yfgdf 8s vg]sf] Ps bO jifd 8ssf] tnlt kfgLsf dn
dfq xg 8ssf] bfofafof Nnf fnsf af]6x d]t Sg yfn]sf 5g htf] ljtf nfg]
8ssf] d8]vf]nf dflysf] efudf klg b]Vg lsG5
119 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
c M
vVvfv8]L kfgLsf dn Sg] sf0f fd]5fk
gujfLsf] blgsLfdflhs cflys hLjg cToGt
si6s xb u x]sf] 5 eg] kfgLsf] cefj s sf0f
cfGtls afx|o afO fO u]sf] kfOPsf] 5
gu leq fgf 7nf ^) j6f kfgLsf dxfgxaf6
vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfx ~rfng e x]sf] 5 eg]
fljssf] vfg]kfgL tyf kmfO l8eLhg sfofno
d+ynLaf6 s|dfut kfdf 5ltjg]
ldGtL6fuf]n]vf]nf lnkm6lgdnf36f ahf lnv
lnkm6fd]5fk lnkm6 afljofvs vf=kf= cf]vvf]nf
vf=kf=lxdu+uf vf=kf=cf=ljfnLvf]nf lnkm6ldv]t sfsL6f]n8f8fufp sljnf
efnvf]kvf]kfgL NNf] sflQs] vf=kf=cf= ~rfngdf x]sf 5g ut )amp$ fnsf] rq
dlxgfdf o=Pg=8L=kL=sf] xof]u tyf fljs e tyf hnfwf +If0f ljefusf] xhLs0fdf
ulPsf] cWoog cgf gusf] j8f g b]pfnLdf dfq amp) j6f sjf tyf kfgLsf] dxfg
x]sf] df j6f sLs]sf] j6f dfq rfn x]sf] cjyfdf x]sf] b]lvof] eg] f36fdf
sjf kfgL dn $ uL j6f dn x]sf] df ) j6f sjf $ j6f dn lss]sf]
j6f sjf dfq h]gt]g rlnx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 xfn Dd x]=df kDkfut snf]af6 l+rfO
ePsf] e pkof]u gSfaf6 b]lvPsf] 5g eg] l+rfO e x]sf] yfgdf kgL vf]nfsf] kfgL s]
clwsf+z yfg l+rfO ljwf ud]sf 5g k|t kfgLsf] cefjdf gof lrfO of]hgfxdf
agfpg lsPsf] 5g
vVvf If]qdf xh hLjg ofkg tyf a9bf] hnjfo kljtgsf gsffTds k|efj
Golgs0fsf nflu dfgLsf] blgs 3 Aofjxfljsf lgdf0f e pkof]u nufotsf ljleGg
s[ofsnfkxdf kfgL kmff] xg] +ro ug]df6fdf lrofg hf]ufpg] nufotsf ljleGg pkfox
ckgfpg clgjfo e s]sf]n] n] vVvf If]qdf kfgL gtf]t tyf hnfwf Aofjyfkgsf nflu
lgDg sfox ulg] 5g Vf If]qsf] AofjyfkgkfgLsf] dn +If0fsf sfonfO
s[lifkzkfng8se pkof]u of]hgfjtL ljsf ljtf nufotsf ljljw If]qdf
axcfofdLs jfn-s| sl6ordf jfn_sf] kdf lnO eldut hnnfO kge0f ug] gLlt0fgLlt
tyf sfos|dx k|fyldstfsf fy +rfng ulg] 5osf] ah]6 tyf sfos|dx j8fut ah]6
tyf sfos|ddf e tyf hnfwf +If0f sfosdhnjfo kljtg cgsng tyf vfg]kfgL tyf
9n lgsfs[lif tyf kzkfng8s nufotsf] ljifo If]qdf dfa]z ulPsf] 5vfg]kfgL tyf
kkmfO ljifo If]qnfO pRRf k|fyldstfdf fvL sn ah]6sf] jh]6 o If]qdf k|tfj
ulPsf] 5
120 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kfgL gtf]t +If0fsf pkfox
dfly eg] em xfdLn] vfg] kfgLsf] dn
ljz]if efules agfj6df x]sf] xG5 To
dndf jifftdf k]sf] kfgL hdLgdf f]lP
df6f]sf] Dksdf x] cGtgtj0fsf] kdf
dlxgf nufP au] cfPsf] xG5kfgLsf] dn
Sg] gSg] sf kfgLsf] dn eGbf dflysf
kfgLsf] hnfwf -Watershed) If]q
efules hnfwf I]fq -Springshed_ If]qsf]
e pkof]uhdLgsf] 9sfjeue tyf ljsf
lgdf0f nufotsf sfxdf e k5
hnfwf If]q eGgfn] kfgL9nf] If]q xf] eg]
efules hnfwf If]q eGgfn] leqL r66fgL
9nf]sf]-r66fgn] ag]sf] f]nL htf]
efu_If]q xf] hdf cGtgtj0f kdf au]
eP cfPsf] kfgL f] dndf lgsG5 obL
hnfwf If]qdf kfgL f]lg] lsldsf]
hdLg 5 eg] jifftsf] kfgL hdLgdf
f]lP eleut hne08f elP-
RechargeeP_ kfgLsf] dnsf] kdf
knfp5 obL hnfwf If]q gfordfuf]afemf]
x]df8s jf cGo eflts sfn] kfgLsf]
gzf 6SofPdf df6f]df kfgL f]lg
kfpbgjifftdf k]sf] kfgL en kfgLsf] kdf au] hfG5 cgL kxf8df vVvf xG5 tn a]Ldf
af9L klxf] cfp5 oy vVvf v8]L
Golgs0fsf fy kfgLsf] dnxsf] +If0f
ug lgDg sfox ulg] 5g
kKkfut kfgLsf] dnsf] kfgL9nf] -
+ej eP Dd ljz]if k|fljlwssf]
xof]udf efules kfgL 9nf] d]t_
lgwf0f uL lgwf0f ePsf] kfgL
9nf] If]qdf jifftsf] kfgL a9L eGbf
j9L f]Lg] k|jGw ldnfpg hdLg
cgf ljleGg sfox ug] htf] M
121 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afL ePdf
afLsf] leQf leQfdf lkm6 ulxf] lkm6 rf8f snf] vGg] afLsf] kf6f]df lgs]sf
9ordfufxn] f] snf] k] dfyL df6f]n] kg] tfsL jfnL kgL nfpg xf] jif] kfgL kgL
f]lof]ToL agfPsf] snf]df kfgL f]lP lrofg ag] ePsf]n] leQfdf nxf hfg] uL
af]8LldL htf nx]afnL nufO kmfObf lng lsG5 afLsf] 8Ln8Lndf 3f] sf]if] hftsf]
8fn]3fsf] xf agfpg]uf] w] rf8f ePdf df]RRf ]vf kg] uL aLr aLrdf dL6
sf]if] 3f tyf 8fn]3fsf] xf-x]h f]_ agfpg]
jga6ofg ePdf
jg jf a6ofgsf] aLr aLrdf )) dL6sf]
kmsdf dflysf] ht snf] agfPdf f] snf] tNNff]
efudf lrofg xg] ePsf] n] snfsf] cf8df
8fn]3fsf a]gfxaxpkof]uL ljjfxpGgt 3fx
nufO kfObf lng] snf] jL aLrdf 7fp 7fpdf kfgL
f]g] fgf fgf kf]vL lrfh kL6x agfpg] snf]sf]
dv of t vf]nf vf]NL jf 7nf kf]vLxdf hf]8]
lgsf ldnfpg]
vf]NL ulN5 ePdf
vf]NL uN5L ePdf uN5L s6fg uxLfO a9g gbLg
tyf kfgL f]fpg uN5Lsf] cfsf cgf
9+ufafaf]6ljjf jf Uofljogsf] r]s 8ofd agfP
ulN5sf] Nfx ljjfsf] xf agfpg]
8sx nfg k]df jf agfO s]sf] ePdf
8snfg k]df dnsf] dfly gkfg] 8f]h kgL
gnufpg] 8s agfO s]sf] ePdfaf6f]df en kfgL
lgsfsf] snf] clgjfo agfpg] snf]sf] kfgL vf]nf
vf]NLdf lgsf uL ldNbf] 7fpxdf cyfoL kdf
kfgL d]t c8Lg] uL r]s 8ofd agfO af]6 ljjf
nufO hdLgdf a9L eGbf a9L kfgL f]fpg] fljsdf
vf]nf vf]NLdf k|fs[lts kfgLsf] axfj htf] lyof] Tot
uL lIft +rgf agfO kfgL f]lg dBt kUg] uL r]s 8ofdx agfO aUg lbg]
122 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if sfox ug]
ht M osf fy kDkfut
kf]vLxsf] +If0f ug]
k]sf kf]vL kgTyfg ug]
ufp3sf] af6f]df aUg]
ennfO +sng ug] kf]vL
agfO j9L kfgL cfpbf
vf]nf vf]NLdf lIft
lgsf agfpg] vf]NLdf
aUg] kfgL cfjZostf
cgf v]tafLdf
v]tafLsf] a9L kfgL
lIft lgsf rflxbf
vf]NL hfg] uL v]t afLsf]
lzfgdf snf] kf]vLx
agfpg]dWod lefnf afL - b]vL 8Lu|L Ddsf nfO_ Dej eP Dd ux|x
wf ug]geP ljrdf ljjfsf] x]h f] agfpg] gfordfuf] If]qa6og If]qdf pkof]uL
ljafxsf] a[Ifff]k0f ug]a[Iff]fk0f ubf cw rGb|fsf cfsfdf = b]vL dL sf]
cfvL e htf] jif] kfgL +sng ug] bgf] agfO Tosf] dgLaf6 ljjf f]Kg] ljjfx
jifsf] $ lkm6sf] xs]sf] ljjf dfq f]Kg] xlt If]qsf] sfod fVg] hdLgnfO afSn
3f kft nufO n] nuf nufP em 9fs] fVg] v]tL ubf dlNrordf ug]v]tLjfL +If0f
ug]
123 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ~rfng ubf M vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgfdf kfOk 6+sL wffdfq xf]Og
kfgLsf] dn dxfg +If0fsf] sfo klg dfa]z ug]
jg Aofjyfkg ubf
kfgL dxfgsf] hnfwf If]qdf NNffsf]
Psn k|hftL jg ePsf rf8fkft] ldgtLt jgsf]
kdf s|lds kdf kfGt0f ug 8Llehg jg
sfofno +u dGjo ug]fdbflos jg eP sfo
of]hgfdf df]z uL of]hgf agfpg] gu
8Llehg jgsf] xsfodf sfo ug]
VVff If]qdf s[lifdf cgsngsf lgDg pkfox
ckgfpg]
bull hdLg cf]lznf] fVg hnfwf +If0fsf ljz]if
sfoxdf dfly pNn]vLt sfox ug]
bull vf]nf vf]NLdf jif en kfgL +sng kf]vL agfO l+rfO ug]
bull l+rfO xg gSg] kfvf] afLxdf Vvf vKg] afnLxsf] hft klxrfg tyf k|jwg -3of
wfg hg]nf]sfugf[]ltn lrgL- hg_kmfkcbjfa]fuxt kfs]6 If]qsf] kdf ljsf
ug]
bull afnL ljljlws0f -s[lif kzkfng dnfafnL sGbdn kmnkmn_
bull fdbflos lap a+ssf] yfkgf
bull kfgL kmff] l+rfO k|ljlw yf]kf l+rfO h7]nf] l+rfO
bull af]f v]tL dRr ]vfdf v]tL -Contour Trench Farming)
bull dlNr+u -5fkf] v]tL_
bull +If0f v]tLkftL
kzkfngsf cgsngsf pkfox
bull kfgL lskmfotL kzkfng -e+Lsf] 66f afvf|kfng_awjfkfngaf+emf] hUufdf 3f+
Jojyfkgvs Jojyfkg
hljs ljljwtf
bull 89]nf] lgoGq0f kfgf sjf kf]vL tfnxsf] btf tyf lrs0f
124 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt sfos|d xsfosf If]qx
kfgL dxfg +If0fhnfwf +If0f DalGw hgdbfo hgk|ltlglw vf uL dn
aLklsf dbfodf hgr]tgf clej[bL ug] tflnd uf]i7Le|d0fx ug]k|rf k|f fdu|L
pTkfbg ljt0f ug]]8Lof] 6]lnlehgdf k|f ug]
Plss[t hnfwf +If0fsf Kofs]h sfos|dx +rfng ug]
kfgL dxfgxsf] hnfwf If]q +If0f
+If0f a[Ifff]k0f
+If0f kf]vL lrfh kL6 lgdf0f
ux|f wfx]h f] lgdf0f
kfgL f]fpg] snf] gfnfx lgdf0f
ulN5 klxf] pkrfr]s 8ofdx lgdf0f
v]tLafL +If0fdlNrordf tyf kfgL kmff] k|ljwL yf]kf l+rfO
cfsfz] kfgL +sng kf]vL tyf 5tsf] kfgL +sngsf] 3nf
cGt kflnsf xsfodf vfg]kfgLsf] of]hgf ljtf
125 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M ko6g k|jwgsf Kofs]hx
fd]5fk gunfO] P]ltxflsf+s[ltswfdLs fhglts ko6gsf] kdf ljsf ug]
cj x]sf] 5 osf fy k|fs[lts kdf klg fd]5fk ahf jlklsf] If]q lztn
xfjfkfgLsf] sf0f ghLssf] zx tyf ahf s]Gb|xaf6 cfGtls ko6sx k|t cfpg]
+efjg x]sf] 5 fd]5fk gusf] ljleGg If]qdf x]sf ko6lso cfsif0fxnfO Kofs]hsf] kdf
s|lds kdf ljsf ljtf ug] uL xfnnfO lgDg Kofs]hx k|tfj ulPsf] 5
= fs[lts P]ltxflsM guL fd]5fk e+u]L
ko6lso cfsif0fx
NofordfNofordf led]g dlGb
j8f g+ ( df x]sf] ledf]gyfg o If]qsf] rlrt dlGb xf] oxf fd]5fk dfq xf]Og
jLkLsf lhNnfx sf6df08f d]taf6 khf ug cfpg] ub5g of] dlGb slj jif
kfgf] ePsf]n] kftflTjs dxTjsf] dflgG5xfn oxf kftflTjs ljefuaf6 cgGwfg d]t e
x]sf] 5 Tot j8f g+ sf] s]jn]Zj dlGb g]kfnsf] wfdLs Dkbf lrdf lrs[t x]sf]
5
P]ltxfls lsNnf ltNs]yfg 8ulzordf8f8f
fd]5fk d+ynL gusf] ldfdf kg] ltNs]yfg u9L xb 8ulzordf8f8f Pltxfls yn
xf] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufpg g $ fndf l+wnL u9Ldf tTsflng Oi6 O08Lof
sDkgL+u g]kfnn] ljtfkjs n8] n8fO hLt] g]kfnsf] jflwgtf hf]ufPsf lyPf] a]nf
cl3Nnf] lsNNff l+wnL u9L kl5Nnf] lsNnf ltNs]yfg b]vL 8ulzordf 8f8f Ddsf] u9L lyof]
cl3NNff] u9Ldf c+u|]hnfO 5]Sg gs] oxL kl5Nnf] u9Ldf 5]Sg] tofL lyof] of] lsNnf
ljof]4f cdlzordf yfkfsf] cfkmg xftn] gfk] agfPsf] Oltxf pgsf 5f]f4ff 0fled yfkf4ff
lnlvt dfyj v08sfAodf pNn]lvt 5
uordfufnfn kiknfn k|lti7fgcWoofg s]Gb|
fd]5fknfO fli6laquootdf klxrfg lbnfpg] fli6laquoo AolQmTjx uordfufnfn kiknfn
s[i0fnfndWo] lxb uordfufnfn tyf g]kfn sDolgi6 kf6Lsf g]tf kiknfnsf] hGd oxL
gukflnsfsf] j8f g+= eFu]Ldf ePsf] lyof] eg] rlrt dskjsf cleoGtf s[i0fnfnsf] hGd
l5d]sL dGynL gukflnsfsf] s7hf]df ePsf] lyof] on] fd]5fk lhNnfnfO tLg nfnsf]
lhNnfsf] gfdn] d]t kllrt 5 oy g]kfnsf bO fli6laquoo AolQmTj uordfufnfn kiknfnsf]
hGdyn e+u]L P]ltxfls Dkbfyn xf] xfn oxfF kiknfn kfssf] gfdaf6 kfs lgdf0f sfo
sfL taf6 eO x]sf] 5 onfO yk k|jwg ug Tofxf dfSafbsf] ktsfno yfkgf
tyf k|jrg s]Gb| vf]n fhglts ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
126 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfno
g]kfndf x]sf] nfkf]Gdv dbfo xfo hftLsf] +s[lt +u|xfnodug]jftdfordf
+s[ltsf] k|jwg ub ko6g k|jwg ug lsG5
klxnf] jfo phfsf] klIf0f xfjf dLn
g]kfnsf] Oltxfdf jeGbf klxn] fd]5fkdf g xfjf ldnsf] lgdf0f ePsf] lyof] f]
a]nfdf lgdLt xfjf ldn s]xL k|fljlws sf0f kl5 lju|LPtf klg xfjfaf6 phf lgsfNg] pkfosf]
zqwf fd]5fkn] u]sf] lyof] cfhsf] phf +s6sf] dodf Tof] a]nfsf] f]r l4fGt cfh
ef]nL koGt pkof]uL xg] 5
s[ofsnfkM
b[Aofjnf]sgMufL z+s lxdgt+vnfdxfeft kjtdfnf
kbofqf M fd]5fke+u]LKNffl6s kf]vL8ulzordf 8f8f xb ltNs]]yfg u9L fd]5fk Nofordf
Nofordf led]g yfg ltNs]]yfg u9L 8ulzordf 8f8f KNffl6s kf]vLeu]L fd]5fk
cWoogMu+ufnfn kikfnfn cWoog s]Gb|xfo +u|xfnotfdfordf +s[lt
ltyf6gMled]g bzg lgzfg eujtL kzklt dlGb
= fd]5fksf] hgfefnvf]k cf]v|]gL ufOuf
ko6lso cfsifx
tffv] kf]vLefnvf]k Eo 6fjefnvf]k ahfcf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6fhgf aurftfdfordf
efiff +s[lt
s[ofsnfk
b[Aofjnf]sg M tffv] ag]sf] kf]vLefnvf]k 8f8f haf6 ufLz+s lxdgt[ordfvnf b]vL
dxfeft kjtdfnf x]g lsG5
kbofqf M fd]5fk tffv] kf]vL efnvf]k Eo6fj cf]v|]gL cf]v|]gL s6Gh] ufO6f hgf
aurf
hgf aurf e|d0fcWoogcgGwfg
hgf ufplsquocfkm l6k] vfpdfp rfv] cnfO gL af]nfp
= fd]5fksf] kjL4flxdu+uf f36f
ko6lso cfsifgMM
aeGbf kfgf] kmnfd] kn kjL 9f]sf f36f ahf
f36f ahfd em08 ) jif cl3sf] f0ffsflng kn x]sf] 5 hn] fF36f ahfsf]
af6f] eP cf]vN9+uf vf]6f+u ef]hk +vjfef f]nvDj d]tnfO hf]8Yof] olxn] klg
127 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
f36faf6 cf]vn9ordfuf f]nsf ljleGg yfgdf oaf6f] eP cfphfp ub5 o7fpaf6
gdb]Zjdf ltyf6g hfg] cfpg] klg ub5 f36f kfgf] ahf s]Gb| xf] oxf g]jf
af|x0fIf]qLdu nufot ljleGg dbfoxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 lxdu+uf gfdn] lrgLg] lnv
gbLsf] lsgfdf cjlyt of] jhfdf eStkdf xg] hlt Dk0f fs[lts kjx ht ufOhfqf
lxn]hfqf nfv]hfqf l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf
htf kjx dgfOG5
udfyfsf] aslNks kbdfu
afDtL hfg] dfunfO dWokxf8L lnv sf]l8sf] af6f]df hf]8g s] kf]snL emgf
Pe]i6 a] SofDk f]n Nn]L hfg] a]sNkLs kbdfu aGg] b]lvG5
lxdu+uf gbL ko6g +s[lt Dkbf
lnvvf]nfsf] nfO lxdfn u+uf lxdfnaf6 cfpg] u+uf gbL egL kljq gbLsf] kdf khf
ulG5lxdu+uf gbLn] jgfPsf] 7fp7fpsf kmf6x s[lif pTkfbg dfq xg hnofqfsf] +u+u
s[lif kofj0fsf] nflu klg dxTjk0f 5glnv gbL jLkl jg] du gjf dfemL nufotsf]
efiff e]if eiff hfqf d]nf gfrxsf] +If0f k|jwg ug s] onfO ko6lso +s[lt
Dkbfsf] kdf ljsf ug lsG5twfL dfu gfr o If]qsf] k|rlnt gfr xf] lnv vf]nf
If]qsf lrfO xg] kmfF6xdf Aoafflos v]tL df5fkfng cfFk lnrL s6x dnf htf
atxsf] pTkfbg ul fd]5fk gukflnsfnfO wgL agfpg lsg]5
$= hghftL +sfRofs rf3] uf]Ndf6f
fd]5fk gusf] j8f g+ ^ df tfdfordfdu g]jf gjfdfemL htf yL yLsf
hghftLxsf] af]jf x]sf] 5 oL dbfosf] cfkmgf] efiff+s[lt kDkfx 5g tfdfordf
]nf] cgL 8Dkmgfrdu dbfosf] twfL gfrg]jfxsf] dfgLb]pL] enf]ehg lstg
l3Gtf+u l3l ll6gvM las]6 bzkasf a]nf df]xgL ltxfdf Dxkhf o If]qsf k|dv +s[lt
xg dfemL dbfosf] sf]zL khfgtf4sdgjfsf] dfgL df +s[lts Dkbfx xg bz
ltxf afx]s wfGo k0f] hfqfafnfrtbzL d]nfafv] k0f] k|dv rf8kjx xg oL f+s[lts
DkbfnfO d]6] +If0f k|jwg ug s] o If]qdf f+s[lts cfBf]lus ko6g k|jwg ug
lsG5
= b]pfnL ynxLuf]7ufp sDtLdf Ps rf]6L x]g hfp
kfkjsfndf f36f xb fnfd]5fkd+ynL tyf fd]5fksf] pQL e efudf hfg]
dnuf8f] b]pfnL kg] ePsf]n] af ag] a6jfxn] wfdLs cfyfsf fy b]jL b]]pfnL agfO
khfug] 7fp b]pfnL 8f8f cgL fd]5fk gusf] jf]RRf lzv ynxL 8f8f uf]7ufp
uf]7kfgLsf] lrf] lztn xfjf kfgL cuflgs pTkfbgbwcfnsf] pTkfbgn] fd]5fkg gusf]
pQL If]qdf ko6g k|jwg ug] cj lbnfPsf] 5 ynxL 8f8f fd]5fkd+ynL lnv tfdsf]zL
uf=kf=sf] +udyn x]sf]n] +oQm kdf ko6g k|jwg of]hgf d]t agfpg lsg] 5
128 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL $M fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvfsf]] f]r kq )amp
s klrofTds v08
= sfofnosf] gfdM fd]5fk gukflnsf lzIff zfvf
= sfoIf]qM fd]5fk gukflnsf eL
-fljssf uf]7ufpF b]pfnL Ff36f lxdu+uf fdk cf]v|]gL sfhf] tyf fd]5fk
ufljsf a j8fx xfn gukflnsfsf Dk0f j8fx_
= k|bfg ug] ]jfM
dfu kmffd +sng 5fgljg lkmfl lgsff
lgsff t -kf7okts 5fqj[lQ cflb_
lgsff lgMzt - dnGb assg ===cflb_
tYofFs +sng
|f]ts]Gb|df k| c a7s +~rfng
fdflhs kLIf0f kmffd +sng dli6ut tof k|tt
cgudg lgLIf0f klj]If0f
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
kLIff kmn k|dfl0ft
e]nf a7sdf xefuL
EMIS DalGwt sfoxM ljt0f +sng ljZn]if0f Tofkg
lzIfsxsf] sf d DalGwt sfox
eflts lgdf0f DalGwt lkmfl
sfL tyf u sfL +3 +yf +u dGjo xhLs0f
kLIff cgudg l=p= ljZn]if0f k|If]k0f
sf lzIfs 5gf]6df koj]If0f dGjo xhLs0f
clVtof bkof]usf d2f dfldnfxdf ynut 5fgljg fo lxt k|ltj]bg
v_ of]hgf v08
jtdfg lyltsf] ljin]if0f
kxFrdf a[l4 kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwf ljtf
lzIfs tflnd
rgf tyf +rf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u
c+u|]hL efiffsf] df]x
129 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
o cl3sf sfdsf an kIf
kxFrdf j[l4 -5fqfblntldfGts[t_
eflts ljwfdf a9f]QL
lsfO pknlAwdf j[l4
sIff b]lv sIff Dd clgjfo kdf yk c+u|]hL efiffsf] yfngL
lxdu+uf df lj fF36fdf k|fljlws wf tkmsf] ljBno ~rfng x]sf]
hgzlQm
ufLz+s df lj |f]ts]Gb| fd]5fk
lxdu+uf df lj |f]ts]Gb| fF36f
k|fljlws lzIffno
SofDk
|f]tJolQm +Vof
slj $)) lzIfs 6fkm -=sf=sdrfL lzIfs_
$ gLlt tyf sfos|d
eflts ljwf ljtf
u0ft clej[l4
ljBfno aflx x]sf afnaflnsf xnfO ljBfnodf leqofpg] l6sfpg]
k|fljlws lzIffsf] ljtf
ljutsf k|dv pknlAw
dodf lzIfsxsf]fy sdrfLxsf] lgsff
eflts Joyfdf wf
lsfO pknlwdf j[l4
tYofFs cBfjlws
egfb tx kfug] b a9g
bf]xf]yenofpg] b 5f8g] b 36g
ljBfno wf of]hgf lgdf0f cWofjlws
fF36f |f]ts]Gb|df k|fljlws lzIffnosf] yfkgf
130 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
^= ugkg] sfd cj rgfltxM
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
c+u|]hL dfWod lzIfs ljBfyLdf
df]x
lzIfs tflndkf=k=zlIfs fdfu|L
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
|f]ts]Gb|_
tYofFs
Jojyfkg -
ljBfno_
tYofFsnfO
Jojlyt ug
lsg]
|f]ts]Gb|M
Nofk6ksDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6Jojyfkg
ljBfnoMsDKo6lk|G6k|f]h]S6
n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
amp hgf n]vfkfn
amp hgf k| c
n] tflnd kfpFg]
ljBfnosf] n]Vff Jojlyt xg] fy
cflys kfblztf
$ ljBfno
ufEg]sIff
36fpg] aGb
ug]
cgTkfbs If]qsf]
vr s6ftL
f]sfjfnfxsf] cGti6L
sDKo6
DalGwt
tflnd
a k| c
lzIfsxn] kfpg]
clen]vx Jojlyt fVg]
^ ufLz+s df lj
df k|fljlws
lzIff
ljBfyLxn]
k|fljlws 1fg
xfln ug]
cgdlt ~rfng Jojyfkg
amp bjGbL ldnfg Gofof]lrt ljt0f f]sfjfnfxdf cGti6L lgoldt ug
sl7gfO
Gog
bjGbLxg]nfO
cgbfg
l=p=df j[l4 Gog bjGbLn] k7gkf7gdf afwf
( pTs[i6 l p
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf pTs[i6
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
ksf
cflys dof
) Gog l p
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
P O O kLIffdf
sIff sf]
kLIffdf Gog
glthf Nofpg]
cf]6f ljBfnonfO
wf ug xof]u
cflys dof
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
a ljBfnosf
k|c |f]tJolQm
nufotsf] dx
gdgf ljBfno
uO osf]
cg0f ug]
cflys Jojyfkg
131 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
s|+ ljifo
If]q dVo jfn cjx rgfltx slkmot
ljBfnodf
xlofnL
x]s ljBfno
xlofnL oQm xg]
OR5fzlQmsf] sdL
ljBfno 3]fjf ljBfno ejg
jftfj0f lIft
xg]
cflys Jojyfkg
$ |f]ts]Gb|
b[l9s0f
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojlyt xg]
]jf k|jfxdf
sl7gfO gxg]
cflys dof
cleefjs lzIff cleefjs lzlIft
xg]
cleefjsf] rff] sdL cflys dof
ljz]if1sf] cefj
^ dx klj]If0f ljBfnosf]
jftljstf 1ft
Jojyfkgdf sl7gfO
amp sfofno
Jojyfkg
Jojlyt lzIff
zfvf xg] ]jf
u|fxLn] dod
]jf kfpg]
cflys efltsk|zflgs hgzlQm
amp= bL3sflng f]r
lzlIft Da[4 fd]5fk gukflnsf
k|fljlws lzIff oQm uflz+s df lj
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f |f]ts]Gb|
hgzlQm oQm eflts kn] klk0f lzIff zfvf
cTofwlgs ljwf DkGg xlofnL oQm ljBfnox
nIo
cfufdL jif leq lsfO pknlAw amp) k|ltzt kofpg]
ufLz+s df lj nfO k|fljlws lzIffnosf] kdf ljsf ug]
132 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
( ljifout If]q rsx
s|+ k|tfljt
sfos|d
jtdfg
cjyf
jifsf] k|Ifk0fdf
cfwflt rsx
rs ki6ofOsf
cfwf
hf]lvd kIfx slkmot
k|fljlws lzIff kzlj1fgdf
Psdfq
ljBfno
fF36df
x]sf]
fd]5fkdf
gePsf]
uflz+s df lj df s[lif
lj1fgsf] ljBfno yfkgf
lzIfs
JojyfkgsIff
Jojyfkgk|of]uzfnf
Jojyfkg
hgzlQmsf]
cefjcflys
cefj
c+u|]hL dfWodsf]
lsfO
g]kfnL
dfWodaf6
cWofkg
ePsf]
amp k|ltzt ljBfnoxdf
c+u|]hL dfWodaf6 lsfO
xg]
ljBfnosf] lsfO hgzlQm z
fdu|L
OR5fzlQmsf]
cefj
gdgf ljBfno
e|d0f
gdgf
ljBfnosf]
cjnf]sg
gePsf]
j ljBfnosf k|c
ljJoxn] gdgf
ljBfnosf] e|d0f uL
cfkmgf] ljBfnosf] of]hgf
agfpg]
ljBfno gdgf
ljBfno jGg]
cflyseflts
OR5fzlQm
sfofGjog
$ cltlQm
ls|ofsnfk
~rfng
ljBfnodf
~rfg ePsf]
x]s jifdf cfwfet
tLo j8f j8fdf
dflj tLo kflnsfdf
lg0fo kltsf efuf]lns
ljs6tf
pTs[i6 lp
ePsfnfO
k|f]Tfxg cgbfg
cf]6f
ljBfnoxnfO
gePsf] pTs[i6 ljBfnoxg
k|ltkwf xg] fy lsfO
pknlAw a9g]
l p
^ ICTtflnd gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
sDKo6
hgzlQm gxg
amp n]vf Jojyfkg
tflnd
gePsf] tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm
tof xg] n]vf
Jojlyt xg]
xflhL ljBfnosf]
ultljlwdf kljtg
x]s
ljBfnodf
tflnd k|fKt
hgzlQm gxg
|f]ts]Gb|
Jojyfkg
gePsf] Nofk6kafOsk|f]h]S6
sfofno xof]uL
ljwf DkGg
Jojlyt |f]ts]Gb|
cflys cjyf
( bjGbL ldnfg gePsf] ljBfno ufEg] cfjZos
7fpFdf yKg]sIff 36fpg]
jGb ug]
bjGbL ldnfgsf
lg0fo sfofGjog
) dx klj]If0f gePsf] ljBfnosf] jftljstf
1ft
clen]v Jojxf
kljtg
efuf]lns
sl7gfO
Gog bjGbL
ePsfnfO
cgbfg
gePsf] Gog bjGbL ePsfnfO
cgbfg lbg]
lzIfs lgolQm bjGbLsf]
cefj
gdgf
ljBfnonfO
k|f]Tfxg
gePsf] gdgf cf]6f
ljBfnonfO k|f]Tfxg
k|ltj]bg
133 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL M fd]5fk gu gu jfYo zfvfsf] f]rkq
g]kfnsf] +ljwfgn] k|To]s gfulsnfO fHojf6 cfwfet jfYo ]jf lgzNs k|fKt
ug] Pj+ jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFrnfO gfulssf] dflns xssf] kdf k|Tofet u]sf] 5
k|t]sgfulsnfO jy agfpg fd]5fkgukflnsfn] jfYo If]qdf nufgL clej[l4 ug] Pj+
u0ftLo jne jfYo ]jfdf dfg kxFr yflkt ub jsf] jy hLjg k|Tofet ul
lbuf] ljsf lglZrt ugkg] sfggL bfloTjnfO kf ug] gLlt lnOPsf] 5fy dlxnfxsf]
k|hgg clwsf yk b[9 uL ]jfsf] kxFr tyf pkef]udf j[l4 Nofpgsf] nflu ljleGg gLlt
tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag ulg] 5
s= pkrffTds ]jf tyf kjfwf wfsf] f]r kq M
= fd]5fk gu cktfnM Ps jif]
s= l8lh6n PS] cN6ffp08 OlhL d]l8sn Nofjf]]6L $ 306f ]jf xg] ul
aGbf]at ug]
v= of] aif a]8 cktfnsf nflu ljs[lt lng]
u= cfpbf] cflys aif leq Odh]GL lhlog ]Sgsf] Aoayf ug]
3= of] aif hgf cgdL gnfO Odh]GL cA6]l6ssf] lel8of] PS]sf] tflnd lbg]
ordf of] aif b]lv 8]G6nsf] ]jf rf ug]
r= x]s j8fxdf lrlsTs lxtsf] 6f]nLn] sDtLdf aifdf Ps k6s bfFt cfFvf qLf]u
kf7]3sf] dvsf] SofG tg SofGsf] ls|lg+u ]jf pknAw ufpg]
5= cfpbf] aif b]lv Ps hgf hLkL Pg]iy]lof cli6]06 cf]6L gsf] Aoayf ug]
= f3F6f x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] cktfn
s cfpbf] aif b]lv a]8sf] cktfn ljs[lt lng] PS] Nofjf]]6L OlhL ]jfsf]
Aoayf ug]
v= hgf d]l8sn 8fS6sf] balGb fVg] Ps hgf 8fS6nfO o aif b]lv cfnf]kfnf]
sfhdf v6fpg] cfjZostf cgf sdrfLxsf] Aoayf ug]
= af]n+uaf]nu x]Nykf]i6 a]8sf] k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|
s= cfpbf] aif leq af]nu+ af]n+udf Ps lrlsTs lxtgxsf] Aoayf u] a]8sf]
k|fylds jfYo s]Gb|sf] yfkgf ug]
v= a x]Nykf]i6xdf fdfGo Nofjf]]6L fdfGo )) PdPdsf] PS] ]jf pknAw
ufpg] dlxgfdf Ps k6s lrlsTsxsf] ]jf pknAw ufpg]
134 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$=k|ltsffTds ]jfM
= cktfnx lxt Dk0f gusf] kmf]xf]sf] Aoayfkg a1flgs 9+un] sfjg pThg
gul ug x]Nys]o kmfp08]zgsf] PSkl6hsf] pkof]u ul of]hgf thdf ug]
= x]s laBfno SofDkdf Ps gsf] Aoayf ug] cfwfet laBfnox pRr
dfWolds SofDkxdf lszf]Lxsf nflu gxfpg] yfg dfn fag Kof8x
lgzNs lat0f ug]
=k|flalws lzIff
= fd]5fk lhNnf tyf l5d]sL lGwnL lhNnfxsf] cktfnxsf] pkof]u ul glu cgdL
cx]j sn]hxsf] yfkgf ug]
^= sfoof]hgf tyf cfjZos fwg |f]t
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
s= jfYo ]jf kjfwfdf yk ug]
=
cktfn t
f]GgtL -
xfnsf]
cktfnnfO_
Emergency operatin
Digital X-ray
laz]if1
lrlsTssf]
Aojyf
=
cktfn yf
kgf
fF36fdf - zofDdsf]_ hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf fd]5fk
cktfnsf] xfnsf]
X-ray ddt
uL fF36fdf
k7fpg]
sf0f M Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
=
k|fylds jf
Yo
s]Gb| yfkgf
lxdu+ufdf hUuf ejgsf]
Aojyf sf0f M eljiosf] Aofkfls
s]Gb| 8ssf] ljwf -lnv
sl8f] lgdf0f xb_ cf]vn9EumlfnfO d]t ]jf kUg]
v=jfYo ]jf ljtf
= laz]if1
3DtL jf
Yo ]jf
j8f g+=
j8f g+= $ ^ -k|To]s jfYo +yfdf lbg
x]s dlxgf_
8fS6 hgf
Nof=6]= hgf Nofj fdu|L lel8of] PS ] cfifwL
)))dfls -b=
e|=eQf_ )))))
))))
= gu cfFvf
lSnlgs
yfkgf
guleq j6f 3 sf]7f Aojyf ltnu+uf cfvf
cktfnFu dGjo
= bGt ]jf
ljtf fF36f fd]5fk cktfn df
x]g] uL 8]G6n xfOh]lg6 -
sf lgolQm_ )))))
135 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
k|tfljt
sfoqmdx k|tfljt lqmofsnfkx cfjZos hgzlQm
fwg |f]t cgdflgt sd
$= Training X-ray -14days
USG- 1 months
Dental - 1 month
Eye -6 months
HAAHW
DrNurse
HAAHWAN
M
HAAHWAN
M
))) ^)))) ^)))) ))))
= kmf]xf] dnf
Aojyfkg -
ahf If]qdf_
j8f g+= f36f j8f g+= ^ Rofs j8f g+= amp efnvf]k
HECAF Fu x
sfo ug] -
kmf]xf] k|zf]wg
k|ljlw leqofpg]_
tTsfnnfO kmf]xf] +sng
ug] sG6]gsf] Aojyf ug]
^= k|]if0f
k|0ffnLnfO Ao
jlyt
agfpg]
EPIFPMNHTBLEPROS
YMALARIA
sfot
sdrfLnfO k|f]Tf
xg sfoqmd -
aflifs kdf
pTs[i7
sdrfLnfO ks[
t ug]_
)))))dividendash
amp=
dlxgfjfL jf
Yo
Aojyfkg
k|To]s ljBfnodf mensperiod sf] a]nfdf gxfpgsf] nflu
lszf]Lsf] nflu 5sect afyd lgMzNs Kof8 lat0f
j8f cWoIf
yfgLo jfYo
+yf k|dv
j8f sfofno ljBfno
yfgLo
gfkmfdns +3+yfsf] fem]bf
Ldf
v= du| ]jf wfsf nflu 0flgltx
= u0ftLo jfYo ]jfdf jsf] xh kxr xg]uL k|efjsfL ]jf pknAw ufOg] 5
= kf]if0foQm vfg]sfsf] jf]df r]tgf a9fpb kf]if0f sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
gjhftlzz d[Tob lzz d[Tob dft[d[Tob jfnd[TobxnfO 36fO cfift cfo j9fOg]5
$= jfYo kjfwf cfiflw tyf pks0fsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ulg]5
= jfYo If]qdf sfL xsfL tyf usfL If]qsf] dGjo Pj+ xsfonfO a9fOg]5
^= jfYo ]jfsf cfofdx k|ltsffTds ]jf k|jwgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jf
kgyfkgfTds kfdz ]jfx d]tsf jfYosf sfoqmdx agfOg]5
amp= yfgLo tdf pknAw xg] hl8jl6xsf] Jojyfkg pkof]u ub cfoj]b lrlsTf
k|0ffnLnfO yk k|efjsfL ufOg]5
= gg] f]usf] k|sf]ksf] Golgs0f nflu jfYo k|jwgfTds ]jfdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOg]5 fy
osf] nflu lgbfgfTds ]jf pkrffTds ]jfnfO ljtf ulg]5
136 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
afn jfYo DjlGw gLltx
= k0fvf]k lglZrttf j8f tyf g=kf=sf] cjyfnfO sfod ub x]s j8fxdf vf]ksf]
cjyfsf] x]s jif ldIff ulg]5 fy g=kf= vf]k lbj dgfO k0f vf]ksf] cjyfnfO
x]sjif lglZrt x]sf] 3f]if0ff ulg]5
= vf]k sfoqmdnfO yk Jojlyt jgfpgsf] nflu vf]ksf] Id of]hgf thdf sfonfO
lgGttf lbOg]5
= vf]k s]GrsaquoxnfO Jojlyt tyf lgdf0f ulg]5 qmd vf]k s]Grsaquo ejg lgdf0f ulg]5
$= sf]N8r]g Jojyfkgsf] nflu rflxg] fdfu|L tyf yfgJOk ojyfkg ulg]5
= uejlt dlxnfnfO x]s k6s ue hf+r ug jfYo +yfdf hf+bf Kofs]6 cfof]l8g oQm
gg ljt0f ulg]5
^= kf]if0f lzIff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL agfOg]5
amp= jfYo +yfdf jfYo lzIff sg flvg]5 kf]ifLnf vfg]sfsf] k|bzg ug] yfgLo
tsf kf]ifLnf vfg]sfxsf] pkef]u j[l4 ufpg cfjZos lzIff kfdz lbOg] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
= kf+r jif dlgsf jRrfxsf] pkrf Jojyf sfoqmdnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg]
5 fy o sfoqmnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5clg o sfoqmdnfO Jojlyt jgfpg krf
xhf Ps nfv lhjg hn tyf df]SLlng lbsf nflu ljlgof]hg ulPsf] 5
kljf jfYo sfoqmd
= jifdf Ps k6s +3 tyf k|b]z jfYo lgsfo+u dGjo uL yfoL jGWofs0f lzlj
+rfng ulg]5
= gj ljjfxLt bDkltxsf] klxrfg uL cfjZos fwg 5gf6sf] nflu kfdz k|bfg ulg]5
= Dk0f jfYo +yfxdf j6f fwg l8kf] lkN s08d IUCD ODknfG6 xsf]
]jf k|bfg ug cfjZos kxn ulg] 5
$= ]jfu|fxL dqL k=lg= ]jf k|bfg ulg]5
=cfdf Iff sfoqmdnfO yk k|efjsfL jgfpg oftfoft vrsf] ljt0f k|0ffnLnfO rt
agfOg]5
^= k0f uejlt hf+r P+j k0f +yfut Ts]L htf cleofgnfO nfu ulg] 5osf nflu
d=jf=j= jfYosdL tyf hgk|ltlgwLx klrfng ulg]5 o cleofgsf] +of]hs pk-
k|dvnfO jgfOg] 5
137 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
amp= uf=kf= g=kf= tdf Pp6f k|lt sjf 3sf] yfkgf uL To cjlwdf Ts]L Ps
hgf sjfsf] vfgf vrsf] f]wegf ulg] 5 ojf6 Ts]L xg cufj lbgkg] kj tyf
pQ k|lt ]jfnfO k|bfg ug tyf ]jf pkef]u j9fpg d2t kUg]5
= OR5ffOPsf] ue lIft tyf jy ue eGg] dn gffsf fy x]s uenfO kljfdf tyf
dfhdf pTjsf] kdf yflkt ufpg fdflhs klrfng ulg]5
(= cfslds k|lt ]jfnfO Jojlyt tyf yk lhDj]jf agfpg jlyordf ]G6xdf yk pkrf
cfjZos k]df jf k|]z0f ugk]df nfUg] PDjn]G vr o g=kf= jf6 |f]w egf ulg]5 -
)))) b xhf Dd_
= PMTCT sfoqmdnfO lgGttf lbOg]5
= jfYo cfdf dxnfO b[9Ls0f ug] sfoqmdx flvg] 5
f]u lgoGq0f sfoqmd
dofgsn cfOkg] f]uxsf] f]syfd ug tyf fdgf ug cfjZos tofL
ulg]5dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu k|ltsfL of]hgf agfO nfu ulg]5
g] f]u tyf gg] f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu cfjZos sfoqmd +rfng ulg] 5 gg]
f]usf] f]syfdsf] nflu k]g Kofs]hnfO yk Jojlyt ulg]5 onfO cfjZos kg]
fdfu|Lxsf] Jojyfkg g= kf= jf6 g ulg] 5
dxfdfLsf] kj tofL tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu cf cf l6 nfO tofL cjyfdf flvg]
5 fy pQm sfonfO cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lx tofL xfntdf flvg]
5
Ifof]usf] gofF f]uL kQf nufpgsf] nflu do dodf hf]lvd yfgx klxrfg uL
klIf0f lzlj +rfng ulg]5
86 ljlwjf6 pkrffTds k2ltnfO yk k|efjsfL agfpg] 5 odf jfYo sdLsf]
lgufgLnfO a9fOg]5
hl6n k|sfsf Ifof]ux -DRSDR _nfO dod klxrfg tyf Jojyfkg sf] nflu kxn
ulg] 5
Ifof]u tyf gg] f]uxsf] dod klxrfgsf] nflu Nofj ]jfsf] yfkgf tyf ljtf
ulg] 5
Ifof]usf ljfldnfO kf]if0f eQfsf] Aojyfkg ulg] 5
si7f]usf ljfld tyf kljfsf nflu hgr]tgfdns sfoqmd NofOg]5
d=jf=j+=]= sfoqmd
= d=jf=j+=]= xnfO jfYosf Dk0f sfoqmdxdf dbfo tdf hgr]tgf kmnfpg]
sfodf yk pTk|]lt ulg] 5
138 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
= jlGrlts0fdf k]sf dbfo tyf ]jfu|fxLxsf] klxrfg ug] ]jf lgGttf ufpg] jfYo
cfdf dxnfO yk 9[l8s0f ufpg d=jf=j+=]= xnfO yk pTk|]lt ulg]5
= ]jfu|fxLsf] vf]hL ug] tyf ]jfu|fxLsf] lgGttfsf] nflu +rf ugsf] lglDt ljz]ift dft[
tyf jfnjfYo dGjosf nfuL df]afOn jfYo sfoqmd +rfnfgfy d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
+rf vr jfkt k|lt dlxgf )) sf bn] k|bfg ulg]5
$= ^) jif kf ePsf tyf cGo sf0fn] ]jf k|bfg ug sl7g ePsf d=jf=j+=]= xnfO
-Ddfg ljbfO sfoqmd flvg]5
jfYo +yfsf] kmf]xf] dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wf sfoqmd
=jfYo +yfjf6 lgsg] kmf]xf]dnfsf] plrt Jojyfkgsf nflu jfYo ]jf ljefu jfYo
dGqfnosf] lgb]lzsfsf] kfngf ulg]5
=jfYo +yfsf] kmfOnfO ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5uf=kf= g=kf= cGtutsf jfYo +yfxsf]
kmfOsf] lgoldt cgudg uL pTs[i6 kmfO ug] +yf tyf sf== xnfO ks[t
ulg] 5
=x]s jfYo +yfdf u0ft wf ldlt u7g ulg]5 u0ft wfsf sfoqmdx nfu
ulg]5
$= kmf]xf]dnf Jojyfkg tyf u0ft wfsf nflu cfjZos kg] pks0f tyf fdfu|Lxsf]
pknAwtfnfO lglZrt ulg]5
=jlyordf ]G6xdf Knf]G6f lk6 tyf kmf]xf] Jojyfkg ug vf8nxsf] lgdf0f clgjfo
ulg] 5
^= jfYo +yfxsf] ddt +ef tyf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojyfkgsf] nflu oy]6 jh]6sf] Jojyf
ulg] 5
amp= u0ftsf] jdNofIacuteg uL pkef]Qmfsf] Gti6Ldf j[l2 Nofpg] lqmofsnfk +rfng ulg] 5
jfYo kjfwf ]jfdf jJofkL kx+r j[l4 ugsf] nflu o g=kf= cGtutsf j8f jfYo
+yf +yfkgf ugsf] lglDt slDtdf $ f]kgL tt tt yfkgfdf hUufsf] Jojyfkg ulg]5
fy osf] ejg lgdf0fsf] nflu k|fKt xg] jh]6df dks jh]6sf] Jojyf d]t ulg]5
= oL x]s j8fdf jfYo +yf +yfkgf ubf klg ]jfsf] dnwfdf cfpg gs]sf
dbfonfO cfwfdt jfYo k|bfg ugsf] lglDt yflgo |f]tdf fdbflos jfYo OsfOsf]
yfkgf ulg] 5
= x]s uf=kf=g=kf= df zof sf] cktfn yfkgf ug] fli6laquoo gLlt cgf f] sf] yfkgfy
cfjZos kg] f]kgL jf hg+Vofsf] cfwfdf f] eGbf j9L sf] hUuf o jifdf
Jojyfkg ulg]5
139 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnL
jfYo Jojyfkg rgf k|0ffnLnfO k|efjsfL jgfpg lgDg gLlt tyf sfoqmdx cjnDag
ulg]5
jfYo +yfxjf6 ulg] dfls k|ltj]bg k2ltnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
d=jf=j+=] xsf] dfls ldIffnfO k|efjsfL jgfOg] 5 fy lgodfgf pTk|]0ff ulg]5
jfYo +yf k|dvxsf] dfls j7s tyf ldIffnfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
dfls cgnfOg tYofIacute k|j]i6Ls0f sf] nflu cfjZos kg] OG6g]6 ]jfnfO pknAw ufOg]
5
jfYo ]jfxsf] ]sl8ordf tyf lkf]l6ordfsf] nflu cfjZos kg] kmffd lhi6 kfOsdf nflu
oyf]lrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] lgoldt cgudg tyf kLj]If0f sfonfO lgGttf lbOg] 5
jfYo +yfxsf] tyf jfYosdLxsf] Ifdtf clej[l2 jf tflnd ugsf nflu jfYo
+yf d sf]lrordfsf] nflu DjlGwt lgsfox+u dGjo ulg] 5
]sl8ordf lkf]l6ordf sfodf +DnUg jfYo sldnfO DHIS2 sf] tflndsf] nflu k|jGw ldnfOg]
5
fdflhs Iff sfoqmd
fli6laquoo ljdf sfoqmdnfO k|f k|f uL yk k|efjsfL agfOg] 5
ljldtxsf] +Vof j[l2 ug] vfnsf dbfotdf lqmofsnfkx +rfng ulg]5 3bnf]
sfoqmd ljdf btf lzljx_
uLjLsf] klro kq k|fKt ug gs]sf ljkGg gfuLsxsf] ljdfsf] nflu uf=kf= g=kf=
sf] tkmjf6 ljldt ug] Jojyf ldnfOg]5
ljldtxsf] lgoldt gjLs0fsf] nflu k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5
jfYo lzIff Jojxf
dofgsn k|efj kfg] f]uxsf] f]syfd tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu ]l8of] kq klqsfxdf
Gb]z k|jflxt ulg]5
yfgLo tdf xg] ljz]if d]nf tyf dxf]Tjxdf jfYo lzIff k|jwg ug] lqmofsnfknfO
+rfng ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf jfYo lzIff sgsf] clgjfotf ulg] 5
lszf] lszf]Lx +u jfYosdL xsf] cGts[of lgoldt ulg]5
Dk0f jfYo +yfxnfO lszf] lszf]L dlq jgfOg] 5
dfWoflds lzIffdf k|hgg jfYo sf ljifoxsf] sIff jfYosdL jf6 ulg]5 osf
nflu jfYosdL nfO pTk|]Lt ulg]5 vfhf vr Jojyfkg ulg] 5
do dodf jfYosf ljleGg ljifoxdf 8s gf6s bf]xf]L lut jQm[Tjsnf htf
k|ltof]lutf +rfng ulg] 5
140 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
jfYosf dxTjk0f lbjx d=jf=] lbj P8 lbj ljZj jfYo lbj Ifof]u
lbj wd|kfg lj4sf] lbj nfO cjsf] kdf dgfOg] 5
lthGo kbfysf] lgodg P]g tyf lgodfjnLsf] k|efjsfL sfofGjog ulg] 5 fy
osf nflu jhf cgudgnfO lgoldt k|efjsfL ulg] 5
lgzNs cfiflw tyf e08f0f sfoqmd
cfiflw vf]k tyf jfYo DjlGw fdfu|Lxsf] e08f0fsf] nflu cTofwlgs e08f0f sIfsf]
lgdf0f sfo z ulg]5
jfYo +yfxdf tyf jlyordf ]G6xsf] cfhf pks0fsf] vLb tyf Jojyfkgsf] nflu
plrt jh]6 Jojyfkg ulg] 5
cfwfet jfYo ]jfsf nflu cfjZos kg] lgzNs cfiflwxsf] pknAwtfnfO lglZrt
ulg] 5 osf nflu +3 k|b]z tyf cGo lgsfo+u dGjo uLg]5lgzNs cfiflw sf]
nflu yk sd ljlgof]hg ulg]5
g=kf= jf8 jfYo +yfxdf cfiflw tyf cGo fdfu|Lxsf] bjfgL Jojyf ldnfOg]5
fy s]Grsaquo tyf k|b]zjf6 lhNnf dfkmt k|fKt xg cfpg] cfiflwxsf] d]t 9jfgLsf] Jojyf
ldnfOg]5
fli6laquoo ofg tyf P8 lgoGq0f sfoqmd
k|flDes hfFrdf z+sfkb b]lvPsf lafdLxiquestnfO lglZrt ulg] hfFrsf] ]jf kfOg] yfg
Dd hfgsf] nfuL oftoft vrsf] Aoayfkgsf] nflu kxn ulg] 5
PLHIV xiquestnfO pkrf s]Grsaquo -ART site_ Dd hfg oftoft vrsf] Jojyf ulg] 5
Pr=cfO=le= k|efljt aRrfxiquestsf] kf]if0f tyf lzIffsf] nfuL dfls xhf iquestkof k|bfg
ulg] lqmofsnfknfO lgGttf lbOg]5
hg+Vof gLlt
ljBdfg cflys fdflhs tyf nlEumls cdfgtfjf6 hg+Vofsf] j[l4 +rgf ljt0f tyf
jfOfO htf hg+Vof DjlGw klrsxsf] k|efjnfO dWo]gh ul gLlt to ulg]5
k|hgg b d[Tobsf] cWoog ulg]5
dft[ lzz d[Tob 36fOg]5
h]i7 gfulssf] ]vb]v pkrf fdflhs Iff tyf ojf hgzlQmsf] jb]lzs knfogsf]
plrt Jojyfkg cWofg uL yfgLo td f]hufL lhgf ulg]5
hg+Vofsf] cdfg ljt0f cfGtls jfXo jfOfOsf] c dNofIacuteg ulg]5
nlEumls cdfgtfsf] cWofg ulg]5
ljBfno tdf lszf] lszf]L fly lzIff tyf ofg lzIff sfoqmd nfu ulg]5
hg+Vof kfzjlrq -Population Profile_ tof uL hg+Vofsf cfwfdf of]hgf thdf
ulg]5
141 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cGo
vfg]kfgL dxfg zb[l9Ls0f tyf dxfgsf] +sng s]Grsaquosf] Iff uL vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft
wf ulg] 5
cfjZostf cgf dfls tyf qdfls kdf vfg]kfgLsf] u0ft wfsdf nflu vf=kf=
pkef]Qmf ldltnfO yk hjfkmb]xL jgfOg] 5
hl8jl6 k|zf]wg s]Grsaquosf] yfkgf ulg] 5fy cfoj]b ]jfnfO yk Jojlyt Pj+ ljtf
ulg] 5
jfYo If]q Ps jxcfoflds If]q ePsf] xbf x]s ljifout gLltxdf jfYosf nIox
xfln xgSg] gLltx cjnDag ulg] 5
jy 3 jy uf+p tyf jy gu htf cleofgx +rfng ulg]5
142 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ^M gusf] ljleGg xfjfkfgL euf]n cgfsf] e pkof]u f]rkq
gu leqsf] jtdfg e pkof]usf] cjyf ljZn]if0f ubf sLj k|ltzt v]tL u]sf]
hldg ^) k|ltzt jg If]q k|ltzt lekfvf k|ltzt jtL x]sf] b]lvG5 v]tL uLx]sf]
hldg dWo] = k|ltzt dWo] k|ltzt v]t k|ltzt jfL $ k|ltzt v]ltug 5f8]sf]
jfFemf] hUuf b]lvG5
s= gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]LxM
gusf] blIf0f kjL efuaf6 aUg] gsf]zL lnv gbL lsgfsf 6f a]Lx jln6f
b]pfNfL vf]nf km]d]6f kfDtLa]L ufordf6f luhg6f kmf]Gb|L bf]efg xf8]tf ljtf6f xbLgL
3f6 wg]3f6 nufotsf If]qxdf k0f kdf lrfO kofO tLg afnL nufP cGg e08fsf]
ljsf uL vfBfGg jfnLsf] gtf]t s]Gb| ljsf ug] 5 osf] nfuL jLp dn k|ljlwsf]
Jojyfkgs[lif ofGqLs0f ug tkm gun]] Wofg lbg] 5 otf If]qdf lgDg adf]lhd e pkof]u
ug k|f]Tflxt ulg] 5 M
= vfBfGgafnLMwfguxds
= tsfLafnLMnfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]sfpnL aGbfvfgL
= dnfafnL MngKofhvfgL
$= kmnkmnafnLMcDafcf6LcfklnlreOs6xv s6xPef]sf8f]
= s[lif jg afnL Msf]Ofnf]6fsLOkLnlsDahg-ltn lrgL_
^= t]nxg jfnLM tf]L
amp= dTokfng
=kzkfngMeLkfng bUwhGo kbfy
v= dWo k8f8L If]q kxf8L s5f8 blIf0fL df]x8fvVvf If]qdf
gusf] -^( x]_ k|ltzt lefnf] jfLdf jiff+u e Ifo xg] ePsf]n] v]ltjfL
+If0f ug] ljz]if k|ljlw lxt vfBfg jfnL ljz]ifuL -ds ks]6 If]q_ bnxgjfnL -u]8fu8L_
kmnkmnjfnL ndash xfjfkfgL cgf pQL df]x8fsf] cf]lnf] If]qdf hgfGtnf sfutL vkfgL
blIf0f df]x8fsf] Vvf udL If]qsf] nfuL -cfFk lnrL s6x cDjf cgf skmL_ sf] +efjgf
b]lvG5 of] If]qsf] nflu pkof]uL afnLx lgDg b]lvG5 M
= blIf0fL df]x8f vVvf If]qsf] lghL hUuf hdLgsf] nflu
vfBfGgafnL M dnLnf] 7fpdf ds kfs]6 If]q t vf] 7fpxdf kDkfut
sfug]fhg]nf] htf nf]kf]Gdv afnL hf]ufpg]
bnxg jfnL M uxtldLaf]8LxL
gub]jfnL M skflthg abfd
t]nxg jfnL M tLncfn
tsfLafnL M nfsfs]nfkmLsfs|f]vfgLcfn
dnfafnL M ngKofhvfgL
143 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
kmnkmnafnL M cfkeOs6xv s6xcf6L
s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f OkLn lsDa lf asfOgf] 6fsL sf]Ofnf] d]jf
s]f skmL v skf lk8fn tn ldn tn pv eOs6x hg g]kLo 3f
Pg lj 3f
kzkfng MpGgt afv|fkfngufO uf] kfng
hnjfo
kdfrNr cuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= pQL df]x8fsf nflu
= vfBfGgafnLMds kfs]6 If]qsf fy sf]bf]kmfk d]t
= bnxg jfnLMldLaf]8L
= t]nxg jfnL tf]LodvLo
$=gub]jfnL dnfafnL MkL8fncbjfa]fcnrL
$=tsfLafnL M xlof] fukftsfpnLaGbfdnfvfgLcfnszs]nfa]nf
=kmnkmnafnLM Gtnfhft kmnkmn-hgfsfutLlgjjfef]u6]_cfcf]vvkfgLlsjLkmn
amp= s[lif jg afnL +efAo ldgt0f M pkof]uL 8fn]3f sf]Ofnf] 6fsL fO vGo ko uhdf
OkLn lsDa 6fsL sf]Ofnf] g]kLP df]nf] e]6Le Pg lj 3f
= kdfrNrcuflgs pTkfbg ahfLs0f
= lbuf] e Aofjyfkg cuflgs pTkfbg
s[lif pTkfngnfO ljiffbL dQm fVfL cuflgs pTkfbgdf hf]8 lbOg] f] sf nflu lgDg
adf]lhdsf pkfox ckgfO lbuf] e Aofjyfkg ulg] 5
144 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
$= jg cgfsf] Aofjyfkg
jg a6ofg If]q
j6ofgIf]qnfO kzkfngsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] 3fF 8fn]3fFsf] pTkfbg If]q jgfO
kzkfng dfkmt bw dfdf cfTd lge xb cfo f]hufL j9fpg] cj x]sf] 5 3fF
r0f If]qdf 3DtL rLr0f uL kf]lifnf] hftsf 3fFxsf] pTkfbg j9fpg] cj b]lvG5
jifeLdf rq jfv h]7 htf v8]L nfUg] dlxgfxdf klg w] yf] jiff eOx]sf] b]lvPsf]n]
Vvf v8]Ljf6 jRg f] dodf k]sf] kfgL +sng bkof]u ug 3df v]tjfL jg h+un
d]tdf kfgL +sng ug] 6oFfsL kf]vL snf]x lgdf0f uL jftfj0f wf ug] +efjgf x]sf]
5 Tosf] nflu axdNoaxpkof]uL 3fv af]6 ljjfsf] a[Ifff]kg ug] ePsf] pkof]uL
jg jgktLnfO 5gf6 uL xsfpg] otf If]qdf lghL If]qsf] xefuLtf fem]bfltf kgL
a9fpg lsG5 htM
vVvfu|t If]q kgTyfg 0fgLlt cGtut jg a6ofg If]qsf] nflu tf]lsPsf hn
+If0fsf sfox ug]
kfgL k]sf] a]nf kxf8L gt[+vfnfdf lw g7f]lsof] eg] eFOdf xlof] tx 3f]afnLdf
szafljof]6fOnf]df]nf]af unfpg]
Toul pi0f pkf]i0f xfjfkflgdf xg] yflgo pGgt hftsf] aocf6LxnfO ljtf
ug]
cfsjf6 kg] kflgsf] zlStnfO lw hldgdf kg glbg aosf emFfordfn] fd|f] sfd ub5
145 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
sltko vf]NL lrofg ePsf] tNnf] yfgdf ljjg cyft ltn lrgL f]k0f u] klg
cfo cfhg ug lsG5 ltn lrgLsf] dG6f kf]lifnf] tsfL xf] sf]iff kf]ifLnf] bfgf xf]
3f kf]lifnf] xG5 eg] osf] kmn hfdf d]t cfiflwo u0f xG5
To uL cfoj]lbs cfifwLsf] k|dv agktL gLd kgL ot vf] Vvf If]qdf xG5
axdNo agktL xf] af] cdnf vo lrpL kmlg nfdkft] 6gL nufO cfifwL sf7
dfbn dfL3fsf] nfuL cfaZos jg kbfjf pTkfbg ug]
jfFemf] jfL lghL jg
guleq -)amp x]_ k|ltzt v]lt ug 5f8]sf] jfFemf] jfLdf DjGwLt hUuf wlgnfO
v]ltug nufpg] jf gug] ePdf xsfL jf JoQmLnfO ef8fdf lbg] Jojyf ldnfpg lsG5
jg If]q
TouL sn e efusf] ^) k|ltzt jg If]qn] 9fs]sf]df -^x]=_k|ltzt 3gf jg
^ k|ltzt kftnf] jg-_ ) k|ltzt j6ofg If]q -((_ k|ltzt amp x]=r0f If]q
b]lvG5 jgIf]qnfO j1flgs jg Jojyfkg uL gujfLsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 bfpf
kmlgrsf] nfuL cfjZos kg] sf7 sf] cfkltdf cfTd lge jgfpg] +efjgf x]sf] 5 3gf
jg dWo] cfwfhtf] jg If]qdf Nnfsf] jg x]sf]n] vf]6f] +sng dfkmt cfo f]hufL jgfpg
lsg] To uL ^ k|ltzt kftnf] jgnfO DjGwL lgsfosf] xsfodf 3gf jg Afgfpg]
cj x]sf] 5
kfgL dxfg If]qsf] jg
kfgL dxfg jLklsf Nnfsf] jgnfO rf]8fkft]df kfGt0f ug]
146 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
cgrL ampM PsLs[t jtL ljsf of]hgf cjwf0ff
jtL Pp6f dfgj lgldt jftfj0f xf] hxfF dflgx af a5g cflht DklQsf]
e08f0f u5g cGo hLjg lIft sfdx ub5g gusf] emG8 (ampUuml eGbf a9L eefu
kxf8L lefnf] If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 hg hl6n ultlzn efules wftn ePsfn] cToGt
cly x]sf] 5 emG8 $)Uuml hg+Vof d]6g] jtLx kxf8L eefusf] lefnf] kfvf 8fF8f
vfn kfgf au If]q kfgf klxf]xn] ykf]sf yfgxdf x]sf b]lvG5g otf w] jtLx
esDk af9L klxf]sf] b[li6n] hf]lvdk0f x]sf 5g
)amp fnsf] dxfesDkn] kofPsf] Iflt k|To]s jif af9Lklxf]n] kofpg] hgwgsf]
gf]SfgLn] d]t g]kfnsf w]hf] jtLx hf]lvddf x]sf] k|i6 xG5 a9bf] hg+Vof
cJojlyt zxLs0f cfjZos OlGhgLolordf k|lqmof ljgf ulPsf eflts kjfwfxsf]
ljtfn] jtLx cem a9L hf]lvdk0f xFb uPsf5g 5lP x]sf u|fdL0f jtL +rgfdf yfg
cgsntf cgf km]abn uL ljwf DkGg lIft d[4 dfgj jtL agfpg jtL jo+
ljsfsf] dVo fwg (Instrument) aGg cfjZos 5 ljsfsf] ljBdfg rgftL fdgf gofF
cjsf] k|of]u ug ljsf of]hgfsf] ynLo cfwf (Spatial base) xeflutfdns ljsf
k4lt ljsf lgdf0fsf pknlAw k|s[ofdf yfgLo dbfosf] jfldTj ljsf ub ljsf
lgdf0fdf vlrPsf] nufgLnfO ldtJooL Pj+ pknlAwk0f agfpg sfL ]jf k|jfxnfO
k|efjsfL agfpg tyf of]hgf tnaf6 (Planning from Bottom) ljsf leqaf6
(Development from Within) eGg] cfwlgs Pj+ j1flgs ljsf cjwf0ffnfO sfofGjog
ug PsLs[t jtL ljsf Pp6f sf]z]9Eumlf fljt xgSb5
147 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
148 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] 0fgLlts of]hgfndash)amp
Gbe fdu|L
1 g]kfnsf] +ljwfg )amp
2 lhNnf ljsf ldlt fd]5fksf] jflifs lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )amp
3 fd]5fk lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf of]hgf )^(
4 rfwf+ of]hgf fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
5 jgIf]qsf] cgudg tyf dNof+sg 0fgLlt )amp
6 cGtndashsfL ljQ Jojyfkg P]g )amp$
7 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] s[lif Jojfo k|j4g P]g )amp
8 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] Goflos ldlt -sfoljlw DaGwL_ P]g )amp$
9 fd]5fk gukflnsf] jfYo tyf kmfO ]jf P]g )amp
10 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] xsfL P]g )amp$
11 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] lzIff P]g )amp
12 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys P]g )amp$
13 fd]5fk gukflnsfsf] cflys jif )amp$)amp sf] ah]6 tyf sfoqmd
14 ufpFdividegu jtut ljj0f tofL sfoljlw )amp$
15 yfgLo txsf] jflifs of]hgftyf ah]6 thdf lbUbzg )amp$ -kldflht_
16 yfgLo sf ~rfng P]g)amp$
17 ufpFkflnsf tyf gukflnsfsf] +lIfKt klro kltsf )amp$
18 Geographical Coding of States Districts and Local units NPCCBS 2017
19 NEPAL Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018 National Planning Commission
20 A study on Foreign Aid Mobilization in Federal Nepal Dec 2017 Ministry of
Finance
21 fjhlgs vlb P]g)^
22 fjhlgs vlb lgodfjnL )^$
23 cflys jif )amp$)ampsf] ah]6 jStJo )ampM cy dGqfno
24 fhj kfdz ldltsf] k|ltj]bg)amp$M cy dGqfno
25 cGt sfL ljQLo xtfGt0f cflys jif )amp)amp^M cy dGqfno )amp
26 sfo ~rfng lgb]lzsf )ampM cy dGqfno
27 fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf DaGwdf Jojyf ug ag]sf] ljw]os )amp$
28 cflys jif )amp)amp^ sf nflu k|b]z sfaf6 yfgLo txdf xg] fjL fwg
s afF8kmfF6DaGwL lkmfl )ampM fli6 laquoo k|fs[lts |f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u
29 cflys j]If0f )amp$)ampM cy dGqfno
30 lbuf] ljsf nIo ))M fli6 laquoo of]hgf cfof]u )amp
Recommended