INDUSTRI SAWIT INDONESIA

-

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Era Pre-Industri 1990 2015 2018Konsentrasi CO2 180 353 399 407

pp

mv

Sumber : J.G.J. Olivier, K.M. Schure and J.A.H.W. Peters, 2018

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

China UnitedStates

EuropeanUnion

India RussianFederation

GtC

O2

eq

Energi 68% Pertanian 11%

Industri 7% Lainnya* 14%

Sumber : IEA, 2016

Indikator Hutan Tropis Kebun Sawit

Asimilasi kotor (ton CO2/ha/tahun) 163.5 161.0

Total respirasi (ton CO2/ha/tahun) 121.1 96.5

Asimilasi neto (ton CO2/ha/tahun) 42.4 64.5

Produksi oksigen/O2 (ton O2/ha/tahun) 7.09 18.70

Indeks luas daun 7.3 5.6

Efisiensi fotosintesis (%) 1.73 3.18

Efisiensi konversi radiasi (g/mj) 0.86 1.68

Total biomas di area (ton/ha) 431 100

Incremental biomas (ton/ha/tahun) 5.8 8.3

Produktivitas bahan kering (ton/ha/tahun) 25.7 36.5

Sumber: Henson (1999)

Produksi Minyak Sawit 55 juta ton

Potensi Biomas Sawit (BK) 268 juta ton per tahun

Potensi Biolistrik dari Tandan Kosong 1173 MW

Potensi Biogas dari POME 5.7 Milyar M3 atau 931 MW biolistrik

Sumber : data diolah PASPI

Sumber : USDA 2021

-

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

juta

MT

Indonesia Malaysia Row

15%

55%

30%

1980 58% 26%

16%

2020

Indonesia raja minyak sawit dunia

-

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2018

Juta

To

n C

PO

juta

hek

tar

Rakyat Negara Swasta Produksi CPO

Sumber : Statistik Kelapa Sawit

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

juta

hek

tar

Sumber : Statistik Kelapa Sawit

-

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Series1 3.81 3.61 3.58 4.04 3.97 4.50 4.23 4.80 5.19 5.24 4.58 4.04

Juta

to

n

Sumber : GAPKI

Tahun 2020

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

900

950

1,000

1,050

1,100

1,150

Jan

-15

Ap

r

Jul

Oct

Jan

-16

Ap

r

Jul

Oct

Jan

-17

Ap

r

Jul

Oct

Jan

-18

Ap

r

Jul

Oct

Jan

-19

Ap

r

Jul

Oct

Jan

-20

Ap

r

Jul

Oct

USD

/MT

Palm Oil Soybean Oil Rapeseed Oil Sunflower Oil

Sumber : World Bank

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

Palm Oil Rapeseed Sunflower Soybean

4.30

0.70 0.52 0.45

ton

/ha

Sumber : Oil World

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

1,104

1,300

3,000

2,400 2,300

900

1,300

3,000

1,300

Evap

otr

ansp

iras

i (m

m/t

ahu

n)

Kebutuhan Air Kelapa Sawit Lebih Rendah dari Tanaman Hutan

Sumber : Coster, C. 1938. Superficial Run-off and Erosion In Java. Tevtona 31 : 613-728 Sumber : Sumber : Mekonnen M. M and A.Y. Hoekstra (2010)

Perbandingan Kebutuhan Air Tanaman

61,205

19,928

13,747

4,028 3,366 2,926 2,687 2,270 2,144 1,674 1,097

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10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

m3

/to

n

INDIKATOR Palm Oil (PO) Soybean Oil (SBO) Rapeseed Oil (RSO)

Emissions to soil/water:

Residu Nitrogen (Kg/ton minyak nabati) 5 32 10

Residu Phosphate (Kg/ton minyak nabati) 2 23 13

Residu Pesticides/herbicides (Kg/ton minyak nabati) 0.4 23 9

Sumber : FAO (2013) Biofuels And The Sustainability Challange

Penyerapan neto CO2

Kelapa Sawit 64.5 ton CO2/ha/tahun

Soybean 6.3 ton CO2/ha/tahun

Rapeseed 11 ton CO2/ha/ tahun

Sunflower 8 ton CO2/ha/tahun

Produksi Oksigen

Kelapa Sawit 18.7 ton O2/Ha/tahun

Soybean 2 ton O2/Ha/tahun

Rapeseed 3 ton O2/Ha/tahun

Sunflower 3 ton O2/ Ha/tahun

UNGGUL - 8

Perkembangan sertifikasi ISPO di Indonesia

Sumber : sekretariat ISPO Sumber : RSPO

Negara Produsen Minyak Sawit Berkelanjutan Tersertifikasi

-

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Luas (hektar) CPO (ton)Brazil (0.8%)

Costa Rica (1.2%)

Combodia (0.4%)

Colombia (1.9)

Ecuador (0.2%)

Gabon (0.6%)

Ghana (0.4%)

Guatemala (1.9%)

Honduras (1.0%)

Indonesia (55.9%)Cote d'lvoire (0.4%)

Madagascar (0.0%)

Malaysia (29.8%)

Papua New Guinea (5.0%)

Soloman Island (0.3%)

Thailand (0.2%)

Nigeria (0.1%)

UNGGUL - 9

45 40

58 62

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rapeseed Biodiesel Soybean Biodiesel Sunflower Biodiesel Palm Oil Biodiesel(methane capture)

Waste CookingOil/Vegetable Oil

88

Sumber : European Commission Joint Research Centre

Mengganti solar fosil dengan biodiesel sawit menurunkan Emisi 62%

Dampak Nilai

Deforestasi Dunia Naik (Juta Ha) 17.7

Polusi Nitrogen Tanah/ Air Dunia Naik (Ribu Ton) 216.0

Polusi Posfor Tanah/ Air Dunia Naik (Ribu Ton) 168.0

Polusi Pestisida Tanah/ Air Dunia Naik (Ribu Ton) 180.8

Sumber : Data Dasar FAO; Oil World

UNGGUL - 10 Biofuel Sawit Kurangi Deforestasi dan Polutan Dunia

Dampak Deforestasi dan Polutan Dunia Jika EU Tidak Menggunakan Sawit

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Produksi 1.81 2.22 2.81 3.96 1.65 3.66 3.42 6.17 8.40 8.59

Konsumsi 0.36 0.67 1.05 1.84 0.92 3.01 2.57 3.75 6.39 8.43

Ekspor 1.45 1.55 1.76 1.63 0.33 0.48 0.19 1.80 1.32 0.03

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1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

Juta

KL

PERKEMBANGAN BIODIESEL INDONESIA

Sumber : APROBI

Sumber : statista.com

INDONESIA RAJA BIODIESEL DUNIA

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

Indonesia US Brazil Germany FranceSeries1 7.90 6.50 5.90 3.80 3.00

mili

ar li

ter

Urban

Poverty

(-)

Economic

Growth

(+)

Rural

Poverty

(-)

National

Poverty

(-)

Harga CPO

Domestik

(+)

Industri

Growth

(+)

Konsumsi

CPO (+)

Produksi

CPO (+)

Unem

ployment

(-)

BIODIESEL GROWTH

DAMPAK PENINGKATAN BIODIESEL INDONESIA

Susila dan Munadi, 2008

Singagerda, et. al 2018

PASPI, 2019

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5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

per

sen

000

KL

Konsumsi Diesel Fosil

Konsumsi Biodiesel

Persentase ketergantungan impor Diesel fosil

Sumber : Kementerian ESDM, diolah

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

USD

Mili

ar

Sumber : Sipayung 2018, Kementerian ESDM, 2021, Tjakrawan , 2021

Sumber : BPS, data diolah

Bulan Net Ekspor Migas

Tanpa B-30 Dengan B-30

Jan (1,654) (1,171)

Feb (1,310) (943)

Mar (1,242) (953)

Apr (482) (290)

Mei (279) (97)

Jun (303) (108)

Jul (543) (279)

Agu (645) (351)

Sep (773) (505)

Okt (713) (465)

Nov (568) (323)

Des (717) (463)

Jumlah (9,228) (5,548)

Juta USD'

45 40

58 62

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

RapeseedBiodiesel

SoybeanBiodiesel

SunflowerBiodiesel

Palm OilBiodiesel(methanecapture)

Waste CookingOil/Vegetable

Oil

88

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Per

sen

Pen

ghem

atan

Em

isi

Hasil Riset Internasional : Penghematan Emisi Biodiesel Sawit

Mengganti solar fosil dengan biodiesel sawit menurunkan Emisi 62%

Sumber : European Commission Joint Research Centre

-

5,000.00

10,000.00

15,000.00

20,000.00

25,000.00

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Pemanfaatan Biodiesel 592.28 952.81 1,776.50 2,782.91 4,898.42 2,430.96 7,988.86 6,828.68 9,958.12 16,985.33 22,307.10

Pen

ghem

atan

em

isi

(rib

u t

on

CO

2eq

)

Sumber : Kementerian ESDM, diolah

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Gasoline Impor 10,414 12,712 15,603 17,870 18,668 19,512 18,571 16,802 17,615 18,801 19,188

Diesel Impor 8,513 10,644 13,573 12,455 11,953 11,482 7,048 4,892 6,941 6,546 3,900

Avtur Impor 172 577 816 708 948 981 1,153 1,119 1,786 1,518 280

Konsumsi Gasoline 21,366 23,175 25,687 28,427 29,632 30,040 30,691 31,986 33,175 34,170 35,330

Konsumsi Diesel 21,366 23,175 33,458 34,222 34,071 32,706 29,211 27,494 29,263 30,994 29,233

Konsumsi Avtur 2,761 3,527 3,562 3,899 4,159 4,229 4,229 4,875 5,371 5,718 5,030

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

000

kl

Sumber : Kementerian ESDM RI

POTENSI GREEN/BIO FUEL SAWIT

CPO / PKO (Crude Palm Oil/Palm Kernel

Oil)

IPO (Industrial Palm Oil)

IPKO (Industrial Palm Kernel Oil)

Biodiesel/ FAME

Bensin Nabati

RON > 110

Diesel Nabati

CN > 80

Avtur Nabati

TB < 65C HDO + ISO

Transesterifikasi

Green LPG Perkebunan Kelapa

Sawit