View
14
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 1
2006 Magurele
Laseri de mare putere si laseri cu raze X la FAIR
D. Ursescu, Thomas Kühl, C. Bischoff, D. Zimmer, V. Bagnoud, D. Javorkova, O. Rosmej, GSI, GermanyK. Cassou, S. Kazamias, A. Klisnick, D. Ros, Universite Paris Sud / LIXAM
B. Zielbauer, K. Janulewicz, P. Nickles, MBI, GermanyJ. Dunn, P. Neumayer, LLNL, USA
G. Pert, York University, UK
T. Stoehlker, GSI, DarmstadtD. Schneider, J. McDonald, LBLN
R. Schuch , U. Stockholm, Sweden
M. Tomaselli, TU Darmstadt, GermanyS. Fritzsche, U. Kassel, Germany
si echipa PHELIX
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 2
2006 Magurele
Cuprins
• Context: laseri la FAIR
• Motivatie pentru dezvoltarea de XRL la GSI
• Rezultate experimentale XRL
• Tendinte actuale: plasma shaping
• Proiecte: Spre lungimi de unda mai scurte
• Experimente cu EBIT
• Progres in calculele teoretice
• Concluzie
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 3
2006 Magurele
Context: laseri la FAIR
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 4
2006 Magurele
FAIR, the International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
GSI actual
future
GSI
SIS-100/300
SIS-18
Stored Particle Atomic Physics Collaboration
Radiative Properties of Warm Dense Matter
High Energy Density Matter Generated by Heavy Ion Beams
Ions in ultra-high fields, X-ray spectroscopy of radioactive nuclei
Equation of State Laboratory Astro-science
Thompson Scattering Spectroscopy
PHELIXWDM
SPARC
heavy ions: ~80kJ in 70 ns
Context
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 5
2006 Magurele
Motivatie pentru XRL (x-ray lasers)
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 6
2006 Magurele
Lithium-like Ions: very precise calculations
100
200
300
50 60 70 80 90
nuclear charge Z
tran
sitio
n en
ergy
/eV
4
6
8
10
wav
elen
gth
/nm
2S1/2 – 2P1/2
2s
2p
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 7
2006 Magurele
Tuning via Doppler-shift
• wavelength tuning by fine variation of velocity
ββλλ
+−′=
11c
v=β λ
• Excitation probability sufficient due to
interaction length
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 8
2006 Magurele
XRL la PHELIX
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 9
2006 Magurele
PHELIX laser building
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 10
2006 Magurele
Generation of gain by collisional excitation in Ni-like systems
Ni-like fundamental level3d10
3d94d
3d94p
Co-like fundamental level
fast radiativedecay
lasingtransition
electroncollisionalexcitation
Y.V. Afanas‘ev and V.N. Shlyaptsev, Sov. J. Quant. El. 19, 1606 (1989)P.V. Nickles et al., PRL 78, 2748 (1997)
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 11
2006 Magurele
Experimental set-up
KeV sensitive pinhole camera Zr target
Microscope
Cross-slit camerafor visible range
Grating
Slit
Spec
trog
raph
XUV CCD
Spherical mirror
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 12
2006 Magurele
Direct measurement of 2D effects on the plasma temperature
Experiments at LULI in Paris:Ag XRL beam profile
GRIP Zr XRL: keV emission
Inte
nsity
Main pulse
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 13
2006 Magurele
Gain saturation is easily reached
72° incidence angle
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 14
2006 Magurele
Lateral view of KeV plasma emission, magnification 8-27
Mo XRL in LLC, Sweden
S. Kazamias, K.Cassou, D. Ros, F. Plé, G. Jamelot, A. Klisnick, O. Lundh, F. Lindau, A. Persson, C. G. Wahlström,S. de Rossi, D. Joyeux, B. Zielbauer, D. Ursescu, T. Kühl; A 10 Hz, 3 µJ transient X-ray laser pumped in grazing incidence geometry; Accepted in Optics Letters (2006)
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 15
2006 Magurele
Tendinte actuale: plasma shaping- pulsuri multiple- controlul depozitiei de energie in plasma(IB)- controlul unghiului sub care pulsurile lovesc tinta- controlul depozitiei de energie de-a lungul liniei focale- controlul proprietatilor tintei (densitate, forma...)
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 16
2006 Magurele
Modeling main pulse absorption in plasma at different incidence angles
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 17
2006 Magurele
Local XRL signal definition
)1( −⋅= gl
c
el enns
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 18
2006 Magurele
Main-pulse 2 J, 45o incidence (pre-pulse 4 J) EHYBRID simulation starting at the begin of the main-pulse
MP incidence angle effects for Ag TCE XRL (2)
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 19
2006 Magurele
Electron density distribution dynamics
PP=60°MP=0°
PP=0°MP=0°
PP=60°MP=60°
PP=0°MP=60°
Electron density normalized to critical electron densityfor different pre-pulse and main pulse angles
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 20
2006 Magurele
Proiecte: Spre lungimi de unda mai scurte
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 21
2006 Magurele
1992: First (and only) Water Window XRL Microscopy Experiment
Figure 67. (a) Schematic diagram of the x-ray microscope showing its main components. MCPstands for micro channel plate. (b) X-ray microscope images of rat sperm nuclei (a) with no goldlabelling, (b) strained with antiprotamine 1 and gold-labelled, and (c) strained with antiprotamine2 and gold-labelled (Da Silva L B et al., 1992 Science 258 269)
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 22
2006 Magurele
Energy for pumping XRL
Sm
W
QSS
TCE
GRIP
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 23
2006 Magurele
Experimente cu EBIT
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 24
2006 Magurele
Set-Up for the Interaction of Ultra-Intense Laser Fields with Confined Charged Particle Plasmas at PHELIXGSI, Stockholm, Livermore (LLNL), Berlin (MBI), Mainz, Würzburg
Schematics of the interaction region
Set-Up in the PHELIX Lab
off-axis paraboloid
REBIT
Compact REBIT ("Refrigerator" electron beam ion trap) integrated at the PHELIX X-Ray Laser Lab
Diagnostics:pump probe experiments (UV emission)x-ray emission (Si and Ge detectors)ionization dynamics (MCP)
Preliminary hints:- trap loading was observed in the presence laser pulses 1012->14 W/cm2
- yield of laser produced ions in the presence of electron beam is significantly higher- long decay times for the ions produced in the ion trap observed in pump probe experiments
Aims:-ionization in laser fields-re-collision processes (further ionization,harmonics generation) -e- acceleration with non-adiabatic assumption-Coulomb explosion
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 25
2006 Magurele
Progres in calculele teoretice
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 26
2006 Magurele
Cluster model based on Dynamic Correlation Model (DCM)
000],[1
11
11∏∏∏
+
=
+
=
+
=
+ +∝N
ii
N
ii
N
ii aaaaH
000],[2
1'
2
1'
1
11
1
11 ∏ ∏∏∏
+
= =
++
=
++
=
+ +∝N
ii
ii
N
ii
N
ii aaaaaaH
......
01
∏=
+∝ΨN
iiN a
...000...2
1
2
1''
1
11
12,21,1 ∏ ∏∏∏
+
= =
++
=
+
=
+++ ++∝+Ψ+Ψ+Ψ∝Ψ
N
i iii
N
ii
N
iiNNNtot aaaaa
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 27
2006 Magurele
Correlated Relativistic Electron Clusters
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 28
2006 Magurele
Cluster Factorization Theory
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 29
2006 Magurele
Example of calculation
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 30
2006 Magurele
Symbolic packages under development
• Racah – S. Fritzsche et al.– 3j-6j-9j- coefficients, parentage coefficients, etc.
• Dirac – S. Fritzsche et al.– Solutions for Dirac equation with point nucleus
• Fermi – D. Ursescu et al.– Moshinski brackets, Talmi intergrals
Development environment: Maple
Available from Comp. Phys. Comm. programs databaseor from the authors
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 31
2006 Magurele
Concluzii
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 32
2006 Magurele
Concluzii
• GSI e un loc minunat (...sau va fi)• Tehnicile de plasma shaping
– sunt in stadiu incipient– sunt legate de dezvoltarea unor tehnici de modulare si control al
pulsurilor laser• Pentru obtinerea unor laseri cu raze X cu lungimi de unda
scurte este inca necesara multa munca experimentala si de modelare
• Experimentele cu EBIT sunt un prim pas spre SPARC• DCM e un model general aplicabil la electroni si nucleoni
pentru care metode computationale simbolice sunt de dorit
Petawatt High-Energy Laser for Heavy-Ion Experiments 33
2006 Magurele
Ni-Like Silver Laser at GSI
spectrograph picture
Ag XRL: 13.9 nm lasing line45° MP incidence angle
Recommended