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Awareness Session on OHSASBS OHSAS 18001:2007
Team MR Office
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CONTENTS
1. Introduction of OHSAS
2. Requirement of OHSAS standard
Clause 1 : Scope
Clause 2 : Reference publication
Clause 3 : Terms and definitions
Clause 4 : OH&S Management System Requirements
3. Your Queries
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What is OHSAS 18001?
OHSAS 18001:2007 is an internationally recognized occupational
health and safety (OH&S) management system developed to match
the demand for a recognizable standard against which assessing
and certifying the management system.
The standard can be applied to all business and operational
activities and requires also the compliance with all applicable
regulatory framework. .
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History :
Originally developed in early 1990s as BS8800
Revised in 1999 by BSI to be more compatible with ISO
14001 Revised in 2007 adding health components
Framework for an effective OH&S-MS
17 elements designed in parallel to ISO 14001
Allows third-party certification/registration
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What it tells ??This standard does not establish OH&S performance criteria, nor
does it provide detailed specifications for the design of an OHSAS
management system but requires the organization to:
establish its own safety policy and objectives
identify hazards and risks
evaluate risks likelihood and impact
verify the compliance with applicable rules
plan and deploy suitable countermeasures to prevent injuries,illnesses and fatalities
monitor and improve performances
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Who created this standard?OHSAS 18001 has been developed by a working group lead by BSI
and several leading national standards bodies, certification bodies,
and professionals.
Can the OHSAS 18001 standard be integrated with other
management systems?
OHSAS 18001 has been developed to ensure the compatibility with
the ISO 9001 (Quality) and ISO 14001 (Environmental)
management systems standards, in order to facilitate theintegration of quality, environmental and occupational health and
safety management systems by organizations, should they wish to
do so.
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Who does the OHSAS 18001 standard apply to?
The OHSAS Standard applies to any organization that wishes to:
Support and promote good OH&S practices
Minimize safety risks in the work environment
Ensure the proper deployment of its OH&S policy and theachievement of objectives
Introduce a common language for health and safety within the
organization
Establish, deploy, monitor and improve the OH&S management
system Achieving the OH&S management system certification by a third
party certification body
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What are the benefits from implementing OHSAS 18001?
Improving awareness and control of workplace hazards and risks
Facilitating the reduction in the number and severity of work-
related accidents and illness, lost time incidents and injuries
Improving employee health and safety and people satisfaction
Leading to compliance with legal and regulatory requirements,
Reducing risks of litigations and penalties
Establishing a framework for effective risk management
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Reducing insurance premiums and other unexpected costs
related to healthcare
Improving productivity, people satisfaction and retention
Increasing ability to attract the best new talent.
Reducing operating costs - by decreasing down-time through
incidents and ill health
Reducing costs associated with legal fees and compensation
Improving the company image through independent
management system certification
BENEFITS OF OH&SMS
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How to get OHSAS 18001 certification?
The management certification process follows the following
steps:
I. Application for registration
II. Initial Certification Audit to verify the compliance withOHSAS 18001 requirement. Such audit consist of Stage 1
and Stage 2 audits
III. Certification granting by the Certification Body and
maintained by the Organization.IV. Surveillance Audit to confirm the maintenance of
compliance with the requirements
V. Re-certification audit after three years.
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OHSAS Initial Certification Process
The Initial Certification Process is similar to that of ISO 9001 or ISO 14001 and
consists of two different audits.
the purpose of this visit is to determine the organizations
readiness for a full assessment.
Stage 2- this Audit shall take place at site and aim to confirm if the
management system complies with the requirements ofOHSAS 18001 and the internal documentation.
Stage 1-
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Audit the organizations management system documentation
confirm that the OH&S management system conforms to the
requirements of the standard
confirm its implementation status confirm the scope of certification
check legislative compliance
evaluate if the internal audits and management review are being
planned and performed and that the management system
implementation is ready for Stage 2 Audit produce a report that identifies any non-compliance or potential for non-
compliance and agree a corrective action plan if required
produce an audit plan and confirm a date for the Stage 2 assessment
visit
Stage 1- The assessor will:
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Stage 2 this Audit shall take place at site and aim to confirm if the management
system complies with the requirements of OHSAS 18001 and theinternal documentation.
The Auditor shall verify:
the conformity to all requirements of the applicable management system standard or
other normative document performance monitoring, measuring, reporting and reviewing against key
performance objectives and targets (consistent with the expectations in the
applicable management system standard or other normative document)
the management system and performance as regards legal compliance
the effective implementation of the risk management approach
the operational control of the processes the internal auditing and management review
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The auditor shall
report any non-compliances or potential for non-compliance produce a surveillance plan and confirm a date for the first surveillance
visit
If the Auditor identifies any critical or major non-conformance, the organizationcannot be certified until corrective action is taken and verified.
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Definitions
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Part of an organizations management system used to develop and
implement its OH&S policy and manage its OH&S risks
Introduction to OH&S
Management System.
Conditions and factors that affect, or could affect, the health and
safety of employees or other workers (including temporary workers
and contractor personnel), visitors, or any other person in the
workplace
Occupational health and safety (OH&S)
OH&S Management System
workplace
any physical location in which work related activities are performed under the control
of the organization
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Riskcombination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event orexposure(s) and the severity of injury orill health (3.8) that can be
caused by the event or exposure(s)
Hazardsource, situation, or act with a potential for harm in terms of human
injury orill health (3.8), or a combination of these
identifiable, adverse physical or mental condition arising from and/or
made worse by a work activity and/or work-related situation
Ill Health
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Sources of Risks
Products Materials and their properties
Work processes andprocedures
Equipment
Personnel
Workplace and location
Natural environment, climaticconditions
External / interested parties
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Risk assessment
Process of evaluating the risk(s) (3.21) arising from a hazard(s),
taking into account the adequacy of any existing controls, anddeciding whether or not the risk(s) is acceptable
Acceptable riskRisk that has been reduced to a level that can be tolerated by the
organization having regard to its legal obligations and its own
OH&S policy
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Incident
work-related event(s) in which an injury or ill health (regardless of severity) or
fatality occurred, or could have occurred
NOTE 1 An accident is an incident which has given rise to injury, ill
health or fatality.
NOTE 2 An incident where no injury, ill health, or fatality occurs may
also be referred to as a near-miss, near-hit, close call or dangerous
occurrence.
Interested partyperson or group, inside or outside the workplace, concerned with or affected by the
OH&S performance of an organization.
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Requirements in OHSAS Standards
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PDCA Approach
This OHSAS Standard is based on the methodology known as
Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA).
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Clause 1 Scope
This OHSAS Standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to:
establish an OH&S management system
implement, maintain and continually improve an OH&S management system
assure itself of its conformance with its O&HS policy
demonstrate such conformance to others
seek certification by an external organization make a self-determination and declaration of conformance
Note :- This OHSAS Standard is intended to address occupational health and safety,and is not intended to address other health and safety areas such as employee
wellbeing/wellness programmes, product safety, property damage or environmental
impacts.
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Clause 2 Reference Publications
OHSAS 18002,Occupational health and safety managementsystemsGuidelines for the implementation of OHSAS
18001
International Labour
Organization:2001,
Guidelines on Occupational
Health and Safety Management Systems
(OSH-MS)
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Clause 3 Terms and Definitions
Discussed in previous session
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Clause 4 OH&SMS requirements
4.1 General requirements
The organization shall define and document the scope
of its OH&S management system.
The organization shall establish, document, implement,
maintain and continually improve an OH&S management
system
Scope
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4.2 OH&S policy
Appropriate to Risks
Commit to Prevention of Injury and ill Health and ContinualImprovement
Commit to Comply with Legislation
Documented, Implemented, Maintained
Communicated
Available to Interested Parties
Periodic Review
Provides the framework for setting and reviewing OH&S objectives;
Environment Occupational Health & Safety Policy
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Environment, Occupational Health & Safety Policy
We at PVPL are committed for prevention of pollution, injury and occupational
ill Health of all employees and other individuals in our premises.
We all are focused to continually-
Reduce
Risk of accidents and health hazards
Adverse impacts of all our products and processes on
Environment, Health & Safety
Consumption & Wastages of natural resources and energy
Enhance
Awareness of environmental, health and safety requirements
Process efficiency and resources utilization
Adoption to environment and healthy friendly technologies & processes
Ensure
Compliance to all applicable legal and other requirements
to which we subscribe
Objectives and targets for continual improvement Environment, Health,
& Safety performance are set, monitored and reviewed
Appropriately training is given to all individuals enter in our premises
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Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determining
Controls
Legal & Other Requirements
Objectives and Programme(s)
4.3 Planning
Planning Phase
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developing a methodology for hazard identification and riskassessment,
identifying hazards,
estimating the associated risks, taking into account the adequacy
of any existing controls
determining whether these risks are acceptable, and
determining the appropriate risk controls, where these are
found to be necessary
Planning Phase
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4.3.1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and determining controls
Planning Phase
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Determining the need for controls
If new or improved controls are required, their selection should be determined
by the principle of the hierarchy of controls,
a) elimination;
b) substitution;
c) engineering controls;
d) signage/warnings and/or administrative controls;
e) personal protective equipment.
Planning Phase
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Procedure of HIRA shall take into account
a) routine and non-routine activities;
b) activities of all persons having access to the workplace (including
contractors and visitors);c) human behavior, capabilities and other human factors;
d) identified hazards originating outside the workplace capable of
adversely affecting the health and safety of persons under the
control of the organization within the workplace;
Planning Phase
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e) hazards created in the vicinity of the workplace by work-
related activities under the control of the organization.
f) infrastructure, equipment and materials at the workplace,
whether provided by the organization or others;
g) changes or proposed changes in the organization, its
activities, or materials;
h) modifications to the OH&S management system, includingtemporary changes, and their impacts on operations,
processes, and activities;
Planning Phase
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i) any applicable legal obligations relating to risk assessment andimplementation of necessary controls
j) the design of work areas, processes, installations,
machinery/equipment, operating procedures and work organization,
including their adaptation to human capabilities.
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The organizations methodology for hazard identification and risk
assessment shall:
a) be defined with respect to its scope, nature and timing to ensure it is
proactive rather than reactive; and
b) provide for the identification, prioritization and documentation of risks,
and the application of controls, as appropriate.
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4.3.2 Legal and other requirementsThe procedure(s) for identifying and accessing legal requirements
must be implemented
All legal and other requirements must be taken into account when
establishing, implementing and maintaining the OH&S
Management System
The organization shall keep this information up-to-date.
Relevant information on legal and other requirements should be
communicated to all people working under the control of the
organization not just employees and interested parties
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Examples of legal requirements legislation, including statutes, regulations and codes of practice,
decrees and directives,
orders issued by regulators,
permits, licenses or other forms of authorization,
judgments of courts or administrative tribunals,
treaties, conventions, protocols.
Examples of other requirements contractual conditions,
agreements with employees,
agreements with interested parties, agreements with health authorities,
non-regulatory guidelines,
voluntary principles, best practices or codes of practice, charters,
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4.3.3 Objectives and programme(s)
a) Objective to be defined at relevant functions and levels within the
organization.
b) Objectives should be S.M.A.R.T.
Planning Phase
Examples of types of objectives can include:
1. objectives to increase or reduce something that specify a numerical figure
(e.g. to reduce handling incidents by 20%),
2. objectives to introduce controls or eliminate hazards (e.g. for noisereduction in a workshop),
3. objectives to introduce less hazardous materials in specific products,
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a) designation of responsibility and authority for achieving objectives at relevant
functions and levels of the organization; and
b) the means and time-frame by which the objectives are to be achieved.
The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a programme(s) for
achieving its objectives.
Programme(s)
The programme (its like an action plan) should address the following
requirements as a minimum to be consider
Planning Phase
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OH&S Planning
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DO - Phase
DO Ph
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DO Phase
4.4 Implementation and operation
4.4.1 Establishing resource, roles, responsibility, accountability and
authority
4.4.2 Competence, training and awareness4.4.3 Communication, participation and consultation
4.4.3.1 Establishing OH&S communication procedures
4.4.3.2 Establishing Participation and consultation procedures
4.3.4 Documentation for OH&S management system
4.4.5 Control of documents4.4.6 Operational control
4.4.7 Emergency preparedness and response
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4.4.1 Resources, roles, responsibility, accountability and
authority
- Top management commitment
- Ensuring the availability of resources
- Defining roles, allocating responsibility and accountability
- Appointment of Management Representative.
- MR should ensure OH&SMS is established, implemented and maintained.
- Reporting the performance of OH&SMS to top management, for review.
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4.4.2 Competence, training and awareness
Personnel shall be competent to perform tasks that may impact on
OH&S in the workplace. Competence shall be defined in terms of
appropriate education, training and/or experience.
Requirement for training needs to be identified and theeffectiveness of the training or action taken to be evaluated.
Associated records to be retained.
Training take into account differing levels of:
Responsibility
Ability
Literacy
Risk
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4.4.3 Communication, participation and consultation
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4.4.3.1 Communication
Communicate internally at various levels and functions of org.
Communicate with contractors and other visitors.
Review, document and respond to relevant communication
from external interested party.
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4.4.3.2 Participation and consultation
Participation of workers in hazard identification/risk assessments
Involve them in the development & review of OH&S policies and
objectives
Appropriate involvement in incident investigation.
Consulted where there are changes that affect their OH&S.
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4.4.4 DocumentationDocumentation shall include :
a) The OH&S policy and objectives;
b) Scope of OH&SMS
c) description of the main elements of the OH&S management
system and their interaction, and reference to related documents;
d) documents, including records, required by this OHSAS Standard;
and
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4.4.5 Control of Documents Approval of documents prior to issue
Review and update as necessary and reapprove
Ensure the changes and current revision status are identified.
Ensure the relevant documents are available at point of use
Ensure document remain legible and readily identifiable.
Ensure external origin documents are identified and their
distribution is controlled.
Control of obsolete documents
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Document and Data Control
In the right placeRight information is available:
At the right timeIn the right revision
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4.4.6 Operational Control
Identify operations and activities where risk requires further control
Plan these to ensure that
documented procedures are developed
operating criteria specify key steps and requirements
procedures addressing risks related to contractor goods and services establish design procedures to reduce/eliminate source of risks
The organization must determine those operations and activities that are
associated with the identified hazards where the implementation of controls are
necessary to manage OH&S risk(s)
Includes the need for controls related to contractors and other visitors to the
workplace Includes the need for the management of change
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Consideration to establish and Implement OCP
OH&S policy and objectives,
results of hazard identification, risk assessment, evaluation of existing controls
and determination of new controls,
management of change processes,
internal specifications (e.g. for materials, equipment, facilities layout),
information on existing operating procedures, legal and other requirements to which the organization subscribes (see 4.3.2),
product supply chain controls related to purchased goods, equipment and
services,
feedback from participation and consultation (see 4.4.3),
the nature of, and extent to which, tasks are to be performed by
contractors and other external personnel, access to the workplace by visitors, delivery personnel, service contractors, etc.
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Operational
Control
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4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness & Response
Emergency response procedures to address
identifying potential for incidents and emergencies
preventing and mitigating resultant illnesses and injuries
responding to incidents and emergencies when they occur.
In planning its emergency response the organization has to take into account
the needs of relevant interested parties e.g. emergency services and neighbor.
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Emergency Preparedness & Response
Check Phase
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4.5 Checking
4.5.1 Performance Measurement and monitoring
4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance
4.5.3 Incident investigation, non conformity, corrective action and
preventive action
4.5.3.1 Incident investigation
4.5.3.2 Non conformity, corrective action and preventive action
4.5.4 Control of records
4.5.5 Internal Audit
Check Phase
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4.5.1Performance Measurement &Monitoring
1. Monitoring the achievement of objectives
2. Quantitative and qualitative measures
3. Proactive and reactive methods
4. Records to facilitate corrective and preventive actions
5. Calibration of monitoring equipment
6. The procedure(s) for monitoring and measuring OH&S performance
should now cover monitoring the effectiveness of controls for health as
well as safety.
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Quantitative & Qualitative
Direct Quantitative Measures
number of lost work days following an injury
decibel levels of noise in a work area
Indirect Qualitative Measures
review of inspection logs
observation of a task interviews
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Proactive & Reactive Measures
Proactive monitoring of compliance
routine basis, independent of any event
monitoring may be required by regulations daily equipment checks
periodic review of hot-work permits
Reactive monitoring of accidents or incidents
in response to an event or trigger accident investigation
monitoring in response to a complaint
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4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance
A new clause split into two sub-clauses
4.5.2.1 This is a new clause and covers the requirement for organizations to
establish, implement and maintain a procedure for periodically evaluatingcompliance with applicable legal requirements and to keep records of the
results of these periodic evaluations.
4.5.2.2 The organization must also evaluate compliance with other
requirements to which it subscribes and keep records.
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4.5.3 Incident investigation, nonconformity,
corrective action and preventive action
Formerly Accidents, incidents, nonconformance's, corrective and preventive action.
Split into 2 sub-clauses 4.5.3.1 (Incident Investigation) & 4.5.3.2 (Nonconformity,
corrective action & preventive action)
4.5.3.1 Investigations must be performed in a timely manner, documented and maintained 4.5.3.2 Procedure now includes reviewing the effectiveness of corrective action and risk
assessment for new/changed controls
Handle, investigate, mitigate
Accidents
Incidents
non-conformances
Corrective and preventive actions
Review action plans through risk assessment process
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4.5.3 Incident investigation, nonconformity, corrective action and preventive action
Handle = immediate action
Notification
emergency response
recordkeeping to facilitate investigation Investigation process
team and procedures
root cause analysis
People are involved human elements
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4.5.3 Incident investigation, nonconformity,
corrective action and preventive action
Correct immediate problem
Mitigate consequences
Eliminate or control root cause
Prevent recurrence
Review action plans through risk assessment
process
Communicate results and monitor
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4.5.4 Control of records
Identification, maintenance, and disposition
Records must be:
Legible
Identifiable
traceable to the activities involved
easily retrievable protected from damage, deterioration, or loss
held for specified and documented retention times
Formerly Records and records management
Section is more concise than the 1999 Specification but includes all the main
principles.
Records required to demonstrate conformity to requirements of the OH&S management
system and OHSAS 18001 Standard. Procedure(s) required for identification, storage,protection,retrieval,retention anddisposal of records
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4.5.6 Management Review
Clause now includes a 9 point checklist of the input and a 4 point list of
outputs from MR
Inputs include
results of internal audits and evaluations of compliance with legalrequirements, participation and consultation, communication/complaints
OH&S performance, objectives, incident investigations,
corrective/preventive action
New requirement that relevant outputs from management review must be
made available for communication and consultation
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Management Review
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