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Mekanika Batuan(Pendahuluan)
Oleh :Irvani
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
SKS, Penilaian & Kehadiran :
Banyaknya SKS = 2 SKS (Teori) & 1 SKS (Praktikum)
Penilaian :- Absensi 10%- Tugas 20%- Teori (UTS & UAS) 70%
Kehadiran min. 80% dari 14x perkualiahan
Kuliah lapangan (Situasional)
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
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Referensi : Goodman, R.E. 1989. Introduction to Rock Mechanics. 2nd Edition. John Wiley &
Sons., Canada. De Vallejo, L.I.G. And Ferrer, M. 2011. Geological Engineering. Taylor & Francis
Group, London, UK. Hudson, J.A. and Harrison, J.P. 1997. Engineering Rock Mechanics : An Introduction
to The Principles. Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford. Hudson, J.A. and Harrison, J.P. 2000. Engineering Rock Mechanics : Illustrative
Worked Examples. Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford. Hoek, E. 2007. Practical Rock Engineering. Notes, Evert Hoek Consulting Engineer
Inc., Canada. http://www.rockscience.com. Giani, G.P. 1992. Rock Slope Stability Analysis. A.A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam,
Netherlands. Bieniawski, Z.T. 1989. Engineering Rock Mass Classification. Mining and Mineral
Resources Research Institute. Pennsylvania State University. Bell, F.G. 2007. Engineering Geology. 2nd Edition. Elsevier Ltd., Burlington, USA. Singh, B. and Goel, R.K., and Hudson, J.A. 2006. Tunneling in weak rocks. Imperial
College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London, UK. Singh, B., Goel, R.K. 2011. Engineering Rock Mass Classification: Tunneling,
Foundation, and Landslides. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier Inc., USA. Wyllie, D.C. 1999. Foundations on Rock. 2nd Edition, E & FN Spon, London. Wyllie, D.C. and Mah, C.W. 2004. Rock Slope Engineering. Civil and Mining
Engineering, 4th Edition, Spon Press, New York. Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A., 1987. Glossary Geology. 3th Edition. American
Geological Institute Elexandria, Virginia. DLL.
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Pokok Bahasan :I Pendahuluan (P.1)
II Klasifikasi & Sifat Indeks Batuan (P.2-4)a. Batuan & Perilaku Batuanb. Diskontinuitasc. Sifat Indeks & Mekanik Batuan
III Stress & Strain (5)
IV Kekuatan, Deformability & Kriteria Runtuhan Batuan(P.6-7)a. Kekuatan Batuan & Deformabilityb. Kriteria Mohr-Coulomb & Hoek-Brown.
V Klasifikasi Massa Batuan (P.8-10)
VI Aplikasi Mekanika Batuan pada Lereng (P.11-12)
VII Aplikasi Mekanika Batuan pada Terowongan (P.13-14)
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
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DefinisiMekanika Batuan ??- Rock mechanics deals with the properties of
rock and the special methodology required for design of rock-related components of engineering schemes (Goodman, 1989).
- Rock mechanics includes the study, in theory and practice, of the properties and mechanical behaviour of rock materials in response to the forces acting on them within their physical environment (De Vallejo & Ferrer, 2011).
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
.... Mekanika Batuan ??- Rock mechanics is the theoretical and applied science of the physical behavior of rocks, representing a branch of mechanics cocerned with the response of rock to the force fields of its physical environment (NAS-NRC, 1966 dalam Bates & Jackson, 1987).
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
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Ruang Lingkup Mekanika BatuanSasaran mekanika batuan adalah aplikasinya pada
pemecahan persoalan2 geoteknik, antara lain :1 Menyelenggarakan pendidikan2.Mengembangkan cara pengambilan percontoh
batuan3. Mengembangkan peralatan uji batuan yang baik
dan metode standar pengujian4. Mengumpulkan dan mengklasifikasikan informasi
batuan dan sifat fisiknya.5. Dll
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Rai (1988)
Aktivitas Manusia pada Batuan (Aplikasi)
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Rai (1988)
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During the filling of the Vajont reservoir the toe of the slope on Mount Toc was submerged and this precipitated a slide. The mound of debris from the slide is visiblein the central part of the photograph. The very rapid descent of the slide material displaced the water in the reservoir causing a 100 m high wave to overtop the dam wall.
The remains of the town of Longarone after the flood caused by the overtopping of the Vajont dam as a result of the Mount Toc failure. More than 2000 persons were killed in this flood.
The town of Longarone, located downstream of the Vajontdam, before the Mount Toc failure in October 1963.
Hoek (2007) Practical Rock Engineering
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Contoh aplikasi
A wedge failure controlled by intersecting structural features in the rock massforming the bench of an open pit mine.
Hoek (2007) Practical Rock Engineering
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Contoh aplikasi
6
Skematika massa batuan (Palmstorm, 1995 dengan modifikasi)
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Massa Batuan ???
Mito, .......
Massa Batuan ???
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
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Sifat Massa Batuan 1. Heterogen : Pada Mineralogi, ukuran dan bentuk
partikel, void, dll.2. Diskontinu : crack, joint, fault, fissure.3. Anisotrope :
Catatan : Karena sifat batuan yang heterogen, diskontinu dan isotrope, maka dalampenghitungan matematis disumsikan batuanekivalen memiliki sifat homogen, kontinu danisotrope
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
Terima Kasih
Universitas Bangka Belitung Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan
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Process of Rock Formation Rock Classification : Types of Rock depending upon :
Mechanism of rock formation (cooling process of magma, sedimentation, or metamorphism).
Engineering Properties : Index properties (identity of rock, typical conditions of rock): density, unit
weight, porosity, K, w, Gs Mechanical Properties (response to stress) : stress, strain (deformation)
Failure criteria, mechanism Shear strength measurement (strength = stress at failure) Rock Mass Classification & Rock Discontinuities
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