System Biology Team Project Chemicals- Tryptophan 組員： 林瑋耿, 吳東耘, 許博凱,...

System Biology

Team ProjectChemicals- Tryptophan

組員：林瑋耿 , 吳東耘 , 許博凱 , 彭

嘉冠

System Biology

Tryptophan

• Molecular formula– C11H12N2O2

• Molecular weight– 204.23

• Isoelectric point– pH 5.89

• CAS number– 73-22-3

Functional group : indole

System Biology

Where to get it ?

• Tryptophan was available in health food– Banana, milk, fish, and etc.

…

System Biology

What are its usage ?

• Tryptophan is effective sleep aid.

• It shows considerable promise as an antidepressant.

• Other promising indications include reduce some emotional disorders.– Impulsive, violent, and etc. disorders

System Biology

Cont.

• 人類必需胺基酸之一種 ( 無法自行合成 )• 合成 serotonin 的原料 , 是神經傳導物質之一種 ,

能抑制食慾產生飽足感• 合成 melatonin 的原料 , 能幫助睡眠 , 安定心情 ,

增強免疫力 , 常被用來調整時差• Serotonin 和 melatonin 的量會隨著日夜而波動 ,

推測與生理時鐘的調節有關• 維生素 B3 ( 菸鹼酸 , niacin) 的原料 , 作為輔脢

(coenzyme) 幫助代謝作用進行• 植物生長激素 IAA (auxin) 的原料

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System Biology

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NAD+ & NADH

2e- + 2H+

System Biology

Tryptophan Biosynthesis

System Biology

Inhibited by L-tyrosine

Inhibited by L-tryptophan

Inhibited byL-phenyalanine

1

2

5

3

4

6

7

1- Phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase [EC:2.5.1.54]2- 3-dehydroquinate synthase [EC:4.2.3.4]3- 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase (3-dehydroquinase) [EC:4.2.1.10] Enolase [EC:4.2.1.11]4- shikimate 5-dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.25]5- shikimate kinase II (SKII) [EC:2.7.1.71]6- 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase [EC:2.5.1.19]7- chorismate synthase [EC:4.2.3.5]

System Biology

Inhibited by L-tryptophan

8 & 9- anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase / anthranilate synthase component II [EC:2.4.2.18, 4.1.3.27]10 & 11- indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (IGPS) / N-(5'-phospho-ribosyl)anthranilate isomerase (PRAI) [EC:4.1.1.48, 5.3.1.24]12- tryptophan synthase [EC:4.2.1.20]

8

9

11

10

12

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System Biology

Tryptophan operon in E.coli

trpD + trpE = enzyme 8 & 9

trpC = enzyme 10 & 11

trpA + trpB = enzyme 12

Control the 5 reactions from chorismate to tryptophan !!

System Biology

Trp operon mechanism

System Biology

References

• KEGG: http://www.genome.jp/kegg/

• EcoCyc: http://www.ecocyc.com/

• free encyclopedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

System Biology

The End