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CHANGES UNDER DENG XIAOPING IN AGRICULTURE
Sarah Aveline|Natalie Wong|Megan Lee|Kyle Tsang
Background InformationIn 1980 about 90% of PRC population lived in the countryside where radical reforms were a economical necessity by the end of 1970s. Greater agriculture was needed because the PRC relied on grain imports and the population was rising therefore they needed more food supply. 1977- Deng Xiaoping returned to power as the Deputy Chairman and Deputy Prime Minister of the Party
Agriculture was one of The Four Modernisations launched by Deng Xiaoping, in an aim to mark the beginning of a new Chinese Era.
What were the main Problems?Main concern- the need for China’s agriculture and industry
to improve and become modernised.
Deng’s plan- To increase the output in agriculture, resulting in him launching agriculture reforms in December 1978
Main Problem- Cooperative farms were failing to produce enough food for the Chinese population. Therefore leading China to import 13.7 millions tons of grain in 1982.
What happened- What were the Changes?The plots belonging to the peasants was increased in size
● Families were given responsibility for cultivating areas of land in their commune during the Responsibility System in 1978
● Contracts were signed with the promise to produce a fixed
value of food for sale to the state as well as selling any
leftovers at the market in order to gain profit
● The third plenum of the 11th central committee authorised reforms in rural areas
Local village markets, which had been prohibited since the 1960s were necessary, meaning farmers could grow
crops from profit, rather than only to fulfil government production and sell their produce to local markets
The CCP had become less hostile to at least limited capitalism to address certain economic crisis
Result of the Changes● 1983- China had 44,000 markets where food could be sold
privately by farmers● Income of agriculture workers tripled between 1977 and
1983 ● 1984- China’s grain harvest reached 400 millions tons- an
improvement in output● Improved standards of living after 1976, including- quantity
and quality of available food, incomes rising, household consumption rising, education expanded, vaccinations for children, water supplies and healthcare (medication)
Improvement of outputImprovement in the standard of livingLong term leases
Quiz - True or False
The Four Modernisations was launched by
Zhou Enlai
FALSE: It was launched by Deng Xiaoping
The Responsibility System was a system giving
families responsibility for cultivating areas of land in
their commune
TRUE
Plots belonging to the Peasants were decreased
in size so more farms could be created
FALSE: The plots belonging to the peasants was increased in
size
Farmers were now able to grow crops for profit
TRUE
During the result of the reform, the income of agriculture workers
decreased
FALSE: The income actually tripled between 1977 and
1983
Overall, China’s grain harvest reached 400
million tons which was an improvement in output
TRUE
After the reform, there was an improvement in quantity and quality of food, medical care, and
education was expanded
TRUE
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