Modals verb

MODAL VERBSChicken Group

Lê Huỳnh Thúy HằngTrương Thị Mỹ TrangNguyễn Thị Linh Huệ

Nguyễn Minh ThưBùi Thị Hào

Phạm Thị Diệu ThiệnHuỳnh Lương Phương Thảo

Vũ Thị Diễm HươngĐặng Thị Hương Giang

MODAL VERBS

I. DEFINITION

II. STRUCTURE

III. USAGE

I. DEFINITION

MODAL VERBS

Applicants must answer the question

honestly (obligation)

A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality-that is likelihood, ability, permission, obligation,...

Two of my friends can play guitar (ability)

MODAL VERBSI. DEFINITION

Modal verbs are part of the verbal phrase. They give more information about the function of the main verb that they govern.

They must get there before 7 o’clock.

It may rain

tomorrow.

MODAL VERBS

LIST OF MODAL VERBS

I. DEFINITION

Can

CouldMay

Might

Will

Would

ShallShould

Ought to

Must

II. STRUCTURE

MODAL VERBS

•Affirmative S + modal + infinitive. She should stay.

•Negative S + modal(n’t) + infinitive. She shouldn’t stay.

•Interrogative (Wh)modal + S + infinitive? Why should she stay?

MODAL VERBS

II. STRUCTURE a. Modal verbs do not add –s or –es to the third person singular.

He can swim. He cans swim.

MODAL VERBS

II. STRUCTURE The formation of conjugations using the modal auxiliaries can be summarized as follows:

• Simple S + modal + bare infinitive I could work He could work It could work They could work

• PerfectPerfect S + modal + have + past participle I could have worked He could have worked It could have worked They could have worked

• ContinuousS + modal + be + present participle I could be working He could be working It could be working They could be working

• Perfect continuousS + modal + have been + present participle I could have been working He could have been working It could have been working They could have been working

MODAL VERBS

II. STRUCTURE

b. Modal verbs don’t need auxiliaries to form negative and question.

Exp : She should stay. She doesn’t should stay. → She shouldn’t stay.

→ Why should she stay?Why does she stay?

c. Modal verbs don’t have infinitives or –ing forms

Exp: canning to might

MODAL VERBSIII. USAGE

CAN Use Example

Ability / Possibility They can control their own budgets.

Inability / Impossibility We can’t fix it.

Asking for permission Can I smoke here?

Request Can you help me?

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGECOULD

Use Example

Asking for permission Could I borrow your dictionary?

Request Could you say it again more slowly?

Suggestion We could try to fix it ourselves.

Future possibility I think we could have another Gulf War.

Future wish I wish Jane could meet me next week. Ability in the past He gave up his old job so he could

work for us.

*** The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991) was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized Coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGEMAY

Use Example

Asking for permission May I have another cup of coffee?

Future possibility China may become a major economic power.

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGEMIGHT

Use Example

Present possibility We'd better phone tomorrow, they might be eating their dinner now.

Future possibility They might give us a 10% discount.

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGEMUST

Use Example

Necessity / Obligation We must say good-bye now.

Logical conclusion You must be mad if you think I’m going to lend you any more money.

Prohibition They mustn’t disrupt the work more than necessary.

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGEOUGHT TO

Use Example

Saying what’s right or correct( give advance, recommendation) We ought to employ a professional writer.

MODAL VERBSIII. USAGE

SHALL(More common in the

Uk than the US) Use Example

Offer Shall I help you with your luggage?

Suggestion Shall we say 2.30 then?

Asking what to do Shall I do that or will you?

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGESHOULD

Use Example

Saying what’s right or correct( give advance, recommendation) We should sort out this problem at once.

Recommending action I think we should check everything again.

Uncertain prediction Profits should increase next year.

MODAL VERBSIII. USAGE

WILL Use Example

Instant decisions I can’t see any taxis so I’ll walk

Conditional sentences If I have money, I’ll buy it.

Offer I'll do that for you if you like.

Promise I’ll get back to you first thing on Monday

Certain prediction Profits will increase next year.

MODAL VERBS

III. USAGEWOULD

Use Example

Asking for permission Would you mind if I brought a colleague with me?

Request Would you mind waiting a moment?

Making arrangements "Would three o`clock suit you?" –

"That’d be fine." Invitation Would you like to play golf this Friday?

Preferences "Would you prefer tea or coffee?" – "I’d like tea please."

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THE ENDThanks for your attention