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CE 436: Traffic Engineering
Topic 1: Introduction
Prof. Saad AlGadhi
CE 436 –Traffic Engineering
King Saud University
email: salgadhi@ksu.edu.sa
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Preliminaries
Prof. Saad AlGadhi
Office: 2A 67
Email: salgadhi@ksu.edu.sa
Office Hours: M, W, 1-3 PM
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Prerequisite/Grading/TextbookPrerequisite: CE 430_Transportation Systems
Grading:
Attendance/Quizzes 10 %
Homework 15%
Project 15 %
Mid-term Exam 20 %
Final Exam 40 %
Textbook: Roess, R.P., Prassas, E.S., and McShane, W. R., “Traffic Engineering”, Fourth Edition, Prentice-Hall, 2011.
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Course Description and Objectives
Introduction to fundamentals of traffic engineering, including data collection, analysis, and design. Traffic engineering studies, traffic control devices, capacity and level of service analysis of freeways and urban streets. Design of isolated intersection and coordinated traffic signal control systems.
The objective of this course is to introduce students to traffic engineering fundamentals for highways and freeways. Emphasis is on the safe and efficient operations of roadway intersections.
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Course Outcomes
By the end of this course, students should be able to: Obtain an understanding of the fundamentals of traffic
engineering
Learn quantitative techniques for solving basic traffic engineering problems
Apply the principles of traffic engineering to evaluate, analyze, and design timing plans for signalized intersections
Demonstrate the capability to write a technical report and communicate the results of their solution approach to other engineering professionals
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Transportation Engineering
Definition from the Institute of Transportation
Engineering (ITE):
“Transportation engineering is the application of
technology and scientific principles to the planning,
functional design, operation, and management of
facilities for any mode of transportation in order to
provide for the safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient,
economical, and environmentally compatible
movement of people and goods.”
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What is Traffic Engineering?
Definition from the Institute of Traffic
Engineering (ITE):
“The phase of transportation engineering
that deals with the planning, geometric
design and traffic operations of roads,
streets, and highways, their networks,
terminals, abutting lands and relationship
with other modes of transportation”
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Traffic Engineering Objectives
Primary Objective Safety
Other Objectives Speed
Comfort
Convenience
Economy
Environmental Compatability
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Transportation System Functions
1. Safety vs. Efficiency
2. Mobility vs. Accessibility
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Elements of Traffic Engineering
1. Traffic Studies and Characteristics
2. Performance Evaluation
3. Facility Design
4. Traffic Control
5. Traffic Operations
6. Transportation System Management
7. Intelligent Transportation Systems
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Traffic Engineering History
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Challenges
A. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
B. Serving Growing Urban Traffic Demand
C. Development Impacts
D. Growth Management
E. Regional Economic Development
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Traffic Engineering
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Facilities
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Collection Reduction Analysis
1.Studies and Data Collection
“JAMAR” Type Field Analyzers.
2. Geometric Design
AutoCAD, Integraph
3. Capacity
HCS, Simulation Models such as Paramics, Vissim, Aimsun2, SimTraffic, etc.
4. Control, Operation and Management
T7F, PASSER, SYNCHRO, etc.
TOOLBOX
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Concept of Vehicles versus Persons Movement
1 lane of freeway carries 2200 pcph
1 lane of a street arterial carries 800 pcph
Auto occupancy of 1.1 pass/vehicle
3 lane freeway may carry up to 7260 pass/hour
1 bus lane handles 100 buses/hour
3 bus lanes may carry up to 3(50)(100)= 15,000 pass/hour
Light rail transit capacity = 20,000 pass/hour
Heavy rail transit headway @ 2 minutes
HRT capacity can be 30(2,000) = 60,000 pass/hour
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Travel Demand (1)
Trip Generation:
How many trips will be generated by a particular site and when will they occur?
• Facilities rates (ITE Trip Generation Handbook by Sq. ft. and # of employees)
• Household (Proxy variables, e.g. income, HH size, # of vehicles)
Regression Analysis
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Travel Demand (2)
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Travel Demand (3)
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Travel Demand (4)
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Performance Measure
Purpose:
1. Assess Existing Conditions
2. Evaluate Alternative Improvements
3. Quantify Associate Costs and Benefits
Level of Service (LOS): A - F
Determination of Highway Capacity
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Measure of Effectiveness (MOEs)
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Measure of Effectiveness (MOEs)
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Temporal Distribution of Trips
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Traffic Engineering Options
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Transportation System Management
(TSM)
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Transportation Demand Management
(TDM)
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Emerging Issues and Trends
Intelligent Transportation System(ITS)
“ITS collect, store, process and distribute information relating to the movement of people and goods. Examples include systems for traffic management, public transportation management, emergency management, traveler information, advanced vehicle control and safety, commercial vehicle operations, electronic payment and railroad grade crossing safety.”
---US DOT’s ITS Joint Program Office
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What is ITS?
ITS involves the
application of advanced
technology to enhance
safety, provide services to
travelers, and assist
transportation system
operators in implementing
suitable traffic
management strategies.
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What is ITS?
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ITS Solutions Include:
Transportation Management
Traffic Operations Centers
Communications
Incident Management
Public Transportation
Traveler Information
Enhanced Safety (e.g. Saher)
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Reading Materials
Textbook Chapter 1, pp. 11-25
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