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“Arm Based Node to Node Position Communicator”
ByPraveen Kumar Sheri
Page 2
LOGO CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
COMPONENTS USED
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ARM7 TDMI LPC2148
GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)
GPS MODULE
GPS Data Transmission
POWER ADAPTER
ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
KEYBOARD DIAGRAM
FEATURES, ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATION
CONCLUSION
FUTURE SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
Page 3
LOGO INTRODUCTION
This project deals with the design of two similar hand held devices, which can receive and transmit its GPS co-ordinates to its counterpart, it also displays them on a LCD display and a keypad is also used which gives the devices a luxury to communicate using text based messages. The transmission and reception between the devices is done using ZIGBEE transceivers, an ARM processor is used as a central device for all the interfaces and processing.
Page 4
LOGO
This project mainly used to update the positions(latitude and longitude) of Node or system and its location that sends location information to the requested another Node.
Also it displays the Date and Time of Node.
Page 5
LOGO COMPONENTS USED
ARM7 TDMI LPC2148 board
2 GPS receivers
Power adapter
2 ZIGBEE transceivers
Alphanumeric keypad
16x2 LCD Display
Page 6
LOGO SOFTWARE REQUIRED
Philips Flash Utility
Kiel v.3 compiler
Page 7
LOGO BLOCK DIAGRAM
Controller
GPS
ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER
Keypad
Display device
Power supply unit
Page 8
LOGO ARM7 TDMI LPC2148
The LPC21418 microcontrollers are based on a 32
bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation
and embedded trace support, that combines the
microcontroller with embedded high speed flash
memory ranging from 32 KB to 512 KB. A 128-bit
wide memory interface and unique accelerator
architecture enable 32-bit code execution at the
maximum clock rate.
Page 9
LOGO LPC2148 Applications
Industrial control Medical systems Access control Point-of-sale Communication gateway Embedded soft modem General purpose applications
Page 10
LOGO GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based
global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that provides
reliable location and time information in all weather
and at all times and anywhere on or near the Earth
when and where there is an unobstructed line of sight to
four or more GPS satellites.
Page 11
LOGO GPS Principle
Page 12
LOGO Major Components of a GPS Receiver
Antenna with pre-amplifier RF section with signal identification and signal
processing Micro-processor for receiver control, data sampling
and data processing oscillator Power supply User interface, command and display panel Memory, data storage
Page 13
LOGO GPS MODULE
Page 14
LOGO GPS Data Transmission
(1) Asynchronous Serial Data Transfer
(2) Baud Rate: 4,800 bit/sec
(3) Data Bit: 8 bit (D7=0) Non Parity
(4) Stop Bit: 1 bit
(5) LSB First Transmission
Page 15
LOGO GPS Receiver Output Data Format
$GPRMC , hhmmss , f, ddmm,mm,a,dddmm.mm,a,xxx.x,xxx., xxxxxx,,*hh<CR><LF> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1: UTC (Hour, Minute, Second)
2: Data status A: Valid, V: Invalid
3, 4: Latitude (degree, minute), N/S (the datum specified by user)
5, 6: Longitude (degree, minute), E/W (the datum specified by user)
7: Speed (knots)
8: Forward Direction (degree)
9: UTC day, month, year
Page 16
LOGO POWER ADAPTER
Power supply circuit consist of transformer
connected to a bridge rectifier which is then
passed to the LM7805 regulator through a filter
and then sent to the LM317 regulator
Page 17
LOGO ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER
ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh
networking standard. First, the low cost allows the
technology to be widely deployed in wireless control and
monitoring applications. Second, the low power-usage
allows longer life with smaller batteries. Third, the mesh
networking provides high reliability and more extensive
range.
Page 18
LOGO ZIGBEE V/s BLUETOOTH and IEEE 802.11
Page 19
LOGO ZIGBEE CC2500RF Module
Page 20
LOGO ZIGBEE Features
Supports Multiple Baud rates ( 9600 )
Works on ISM band (2.4 GHz)
No complex wireless connection software or
intimate knowledge of RF is required to connect
our serial devices.
Designed to be as easy to use as cables.
No external Antenna required.
Plug and play device.
Works on 5 DC supply.
Page 21
LOGO ZIGBEE Applications
Wireless Sensor Network.
Wireless Device Control.
Wireless Data Transfer.
Wireless Energy Metering
Home Automation
Page 22
LOGO LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
A liquid crystal display is a thin, flat electronic visual display
that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals
(LCs). LCs does not emit light directly.
In liquid crystal displays (LCDs) of liquid crystal technology
is the most common applications. An advanced VGA
computer screen from the pervasive wrist watch and pocket
calculator, this type of display has evolved into an important
and ambidextrous interface.
Page 23
LOGO ALPHA-NUMERIC LCD DISPLAY
Fig ALCD display
Page 24
LOGO KEYBOARD
Typically one port pin is required to read a
digital input into the controller. When there is a
lot of digital input that has to be read, it is not
feasible to allocate one pin for each of them. This
is when a matrix keypad arrangement is used to
reduce the pin count.
Page 25
LOGO KEYBOARD DIAGRAM
Page 26
LOGO Internal Keyboard architecture
Page 27
LOGO Matrix Keypad Interface Logic
Step 1:
The first step involved in interfacing the matrix keypad is to write all
logic 0’s to the rows and all logic 1’s to the columns. In the image,
black line symbolizes logic 0 and red line symbolizes logic 1.For now
let us assume that, the circled key is pressed and see how the key press
can be detected by a software routine.
Step 2:
Now the software has to scan the pins connected to columns of the
keypad. If it detects a logic 0 in any one of the columns, then a key
press was made in that column. This is because the event of the switch
press shorts the C2 line with R2. Hence C2 is driven low.
Page 28
LOGO
Step 3:
Once the column corresponding to the key pressed is located, the next thing
that the software has to do is to start writing logic 1’s to the rows
sequentially (one after the other) and check if C2 become high. The logic is
that if a button in that row was pressed, then the value written to that row
will be reflected in determined column (C2) as they are short circuited.
Step 4:
The procedure is followed till C2 goes high with logic high is written to a
row. In this case, a logic high to the second row will be reflected in the
second column.
We already know the key press happened at column 2. Now we have
detected that the key is in row 2. So, the position of the key in the matrix is
(2,2)
Page 29
LOGO FEATURES
Low Cost for Implementation.
Compact and simple such that it avoids the more
space requirements.
Implementing in the Vehicle is easier.
GPS Based Location Tracking.
Page 30
LOGO LIMITATION
In some places where there is no provision of GSM
network it is difficult for communication
Page 31
LOGO CONCLUSION
Using GPS exact location(latitude and longitude) of the
system(Node), we can easily find location of the group
members.
This can save the many lives from severe accident.
Page 32
LOGO FUTURE SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS
Automatic Sending Message for Missed Calls: If the user knows that he is
going to receive a call but due to some obvious reason he may not be able
to answer the call so he can save a text message written for a that person
informing the reason for not answering the call.
Automatic Sending Message for Reminders: The user sets certain
reminders for meetings, birthdays, anniversaries etc. his / her text
messages stored for these events are sent automatically and the user gets
notification regarding the sent messages.
The Location track module can be extended to secure tracking for blind
people.
Page 33
LOGO
Using accelerator feature of android that sense motion when coupled
with our module, we can develop accident detection system.
A medical reminder system can be developed with reminder sending
module, so that old aged people can get regular reminders for their
medicines.
Text Message Feature can be substituted with voice mail feature.
This system can be used in bus automation system.
Page 34
LOGO REFERENCES
• Farahani Shashin, ZigBee wireless networks and Transceivers. Amsterdam,
USA: Newnes publications, 2008.
• Maryam Alnuaimi, Mohamed Boulmalf, Farag Sallabi and Abderrahmane
Lakas Khaled Shuaid, "Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4:
Experimental and simulation Results," Journal of Communications, vol. 2, pp.
29-37, June 2007.
• http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6003963&tag=1
• http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4068791&tag=1
• Ziad A. Osman, Mazen Jrab, Souleiman Midani, Rached N. Zantout (May
2003), ‗Implementation of a System for Offline Tracking using
GPS‘ ,Mediterranean Microwave Symposium, Ain Shams University,
Cairo,Egypt, pp. 203-207
• http://www.digi.com/support/eservice/login.jsp
THANKYOU
THANKYOU
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