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App的幕後功臣 – 談談API設計基本原則�
KKBOX/MOPCON/KSDG� ericpi�
關於我 – 畢瑄易 (ericpi)�
• KKBOX COO Room Manager • Kaohsiung Software Developer Group (KSDG) organizer
• Mobile/Open/Platform CONference (MOPCON) co-founder & 2012/2013/2014 staff
• Code For Kaohsiung (CfK) Staff
這兩天開發者都在評論…�
很多人提到該購票網站一次把頁面噴出來的做法…�
明明現代 Web / App 都大量在搞不同資訊分段拿的伎倆�
API是在幹什麼的?�
3G/4G/WiFi� Internet�
IDC/Cloud Server�
3rd Party Service�
API是在幹什麼的?�
App/Web�
Internet�
Your Service�
3rd Party Service�
API
API是在幹什麼的?�
App/Web�
Internet�
Your Service�
3rd Party Service:� Facebook, Twitter…blah�
網路是很危險地�
3G/4G/WiFi� Internet�
IDC/Cloud Server�
3rd Party Service�
[行前說明]�
RFC 2616�
RFC 2616� Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1�
如果不遵循標準, 你跟 IE6 有什麼不一樣?!�
已退休, 可以不 要再捅我了嗎?
十之八九 App 都會用 Web API�
十之八九 App 都會用 Web API� • stateless protocol� • scalability� • availability�
RFC7230 � HTTP/1.1: Message Syntax and Routing - low-level message parsing and connection management
RFC7231 � HTTP/1.1: Semantics and Content - methods, status codes and headers
RFC7232
� HTTP/1.1: Conditional Requests - e.g., If-Modified-Since
RFC7233 � HTTP/1.1: Range Requests - getting partial content
RFC7234 � HTTP/1.1: Caching - browser and intermediary caches
RFC7235 � HTTP/1.1: Authentication - a framework for HTTP authentication�
正題開始, 先來看個小例子�
GET http://you-app-backend.com/login?subscriber_id=123456789�
GET http://you-app-backend.com/login?user=ericpi-demo&pass=qwert12345�
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=qwert12345�
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=fmq+2n+9RbtROzrcRFhWXA==�
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=fmq+2n+9RbtROzrcRFhWXA==�
DES ECB 雙向 加解密演算法
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=iloVeyOYO�
難道我喜歡瑤瑤 也要告訴你嗎?
別說這個, 你聽過...�
別說這個, 你聽過...� hash 嗎?�
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=327bc4e22b649d47c4546a3ec93f376b�
那試試看MD5好了?
哭哭…�
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=0992d82e56834fc7f9647d1783772144�
那試試看兩倍 MD5!!!
兩倍哭哭…�
POST http://you-app-backend.com/login user=ericpi-demo&pass=137245b801f93aada36b442a5b5bae556799aa9f�
聽說 SHA1 比較厲害!!!
哭哭三次不用錢…�
用 Google 就可以黑… 是要逼死誰…�
HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)�
HMAC-MD5 HMAC-SHA1�
光講到這邊, Play/iTunes Store 上的 App 已經倒滿地...�
但今天不是 TDOH 聚會啊啊啊…�
API 設計最主要需要管理�
• 資料� • 流程�
請善用工具釐清設計思路�
API Design 有很多參考資料/書�
• Vinay Sahni - Best Practices for Designing a Pragmatic RESTful API� – http://goo.gl/OTNGdW�
• Apigee eBook� – http://goo.gl/S9wA7F�
�
API Design 有很多參考資料/書�
• 3scale eBook� – http://goo.gl/oEdwCv�
• Build Apis You Won`t Hate� – http://goo.gl/5aaLbZ�
• Coimotion Hack & Go� – http://goo.gl/o9zRzK�
那今天就借用各家的重點�
Vinay Sahni: Key requirements for the API�
• It should use web standards where they make sense�
• It should be friendly to the developer and be explorable via a browser address bar�
• It should be simple, intuitive and consistent to make adoption not only easy but pleasant�
• It should provide enough flexibility to power majority of the Enchant UI�
• It should be efficient, while maintaining balance with the other requirements�
簡單說�
• 長得正� • 要對阿宅友善� • 互動性與彈性好� • 可維護性佳�
跟找女朋友 條件差不多
簡單條列設計原則�
• Restful API� • 獨立的 API 域名 & 相關 redirect� • 合理的endpoint結構(&命名)� • 納入版本控制� • 資訊過濾、排序、限制、分頁等基本參數�
簡單條列設計原則�
• 尋求標準上的解法� – 請愛用 JSON or XML� – HTTP protocol� – 請愛用 https� – OAuth2�
• 例外與錯誤要講清楚� – HTTP status code�
• Github 403 Forbidden => 404 Not Found� – Error response�
• 把資源類內容也納入API�
THANKS� 官方網站� http://mopcon.org/� � 粉絲群� http://fb.me/mopcon�
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