Sports Materials , Baseball SIS5

AL-BairaqScience in Sports 5th Cycle

BaseballAl-Shaymaa_Einstein

1-latifa Al-Dosari

2-Aldana Al-Mohammed

3 -Nouf Al-lbuainain

4-Alhanouf Al-Shammeri

Outline• Introduction• Activity 1: : Exploring Ball Design

and Materials • Activity 2:Measuring the Rebound of

Sports Ball• Activity 3:Investigating Energy

Absorption of Materials • Activity 4: Comparing Rolling

Friction on Different Surfaces • Product Idea: Making a Baseball

IntroductionThere are too many sports and different materiel to make the sports equipment. Each material serve a purpose.In AL-Bairaq workshop different sports materials were studied to design our own baseball

Activity 1: Exploring Ball design and Materials Objective

To show that sports equipment are designed to meet the requirements of a specific sport and that the materials used in the equipment's construction help it meet those requirements

Procedure A softball was cut in half and the layering

of the materials was examined

Results Data

ConclusionWe discovered that different materials are

needed to create a softball

Ball Materials made of

Reason

Softball Cowhide Durability with withstand frequent hits

cork Centralized weight

Activity 2:Measuring the Rebound of Sports Ball Objectives:

To understand that the materials in a ball affects how high it bounces

Procedure:Two balls were dropped from 1

meter height on the same surface to measure the rebound height and compare. Also the COR was calculated

Coefficient of Restitution COR Is a ratio that indicates how high the ball will

bounce back after a drop. It is a ratio between 0 and 1

The higher the COR the higher that ball will bounce back

Results

Conclusion الخل

Conclusion:Racket ball has higher COR which is expected for this kind of balls indicated by it high rebound

Type of ball

Drop height (cm)

Rebound height(cm)

COR Average COR

Racket ball 100 30 0.53 0.5430 0.5331 0.55

Golf ball 100 15 0.39 0.3815 0.3914 0.37

Activity 3:Investigating Energy Absorption of Materials Objectives:

To observe that surface may absorb energy by temporarily or permanently deforming of changing shape

Procedure:One golf balls was dropped on

two different surface to observe the effect of surface on the rebound of the ball

Data Recording Deformation of Surface

Average COR

COR Rebound height (cm)

Drop Height (cm)

Surface Type

Yes 0.67 0.67 45 100 Oak0.67 450.66 44

No 0.71 0.70 50 100 Poplar0.70 500.71 51

Conclusion:Oak wood appears to have higher absorption of energy of energy since the surface was a little deformed compared to poplar wood. Also, its observed that the rebound on poplar wood is higher

Activity 4: Comparing Rolling Friction on Different Surfaces Objectives:

Distinguish between the friction of two surfaces and compare the rolling ability of a racket ball

Procedure:A racket ball was pushed down two

surfaces and the distance crossed was measured to observe the effect of friction

Data RecordingAverage distance cm

Distance ball rolled cm

Ramp height cm

Description of surface

43 46 4 Synthetic grass4043

95.3 95 4 Foam9496

Conclusion Friction affects the rolling ability of balls since

some of its energy is lost Grass causes more friction that foam since it’s

a rougher surface The distance crossed on the foam surface is

more than the distance crosses on artificial grass

Product Idea: Making a Baseball

Baseball is a bat-and game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding

ObjectivesTo design a new baseball from creative materials that has similar specifications to the original ball

Trail 1: Failed Materials made of: 1. Rubber band2. Tissues and paper3. Tennis ball 4. Glue Testing:1. Rebound

2. Diameter 7.1 cm3. Weight 130 g

Rebound1

Rebound 2

Rebound 3

Average

55 54 54 54.3

Trail 2: Successful Materials made of: 1. Rubber band2. Tissues and paper3. Glue4. Wool5. Cotton6. Rubber ball “small” Testing:1. Rebound

2. Diameter 7.4 cm3. Weight 149 g

Rebound1

Rebound 2

Rebound 3

Average

61 63 62

AcknowledgmentI would like to thank my teammates who worked hard in this project, Qatar University and Eng. Ruba. Also, I would like to thank the sponsors UNESCO, Qatar National Commission, Ras Gas and Shell.