Hebrew Notes

Ms. Susan M. Pojer

Hebrew KingdomHebrew Kingdom• Nomadic Herders from MesopotamiaNomadic Herders from Mesopotamia

– Settled in Palestine (modern day Israel)Settled in Palestine (modern day Israel)• Also called CanaanAlso called Canaan

– Monotheistic – belief in one God Monotheistic – belief in one God » 11stst to believe in one all powerful God to believe in one all powerful God

– JusticeJustice» Good vs. Evil/right and wrong (especially in Good vs. Evil/right and wrong (especially in

God’s eyesGod’s eyes» Rise of Judaism – Became one of the major Rise of Judaism – Became one of the major

religions of the worldreligions of the world

Abraham’s GenealogyAbraham’s Genealogy

ABRAHAMABRAHAM SARAHSARAHHAGARHAGAR

IsaacIsaac

EsauEsauJacobJacob

12 Tribes of Israel

12 Tribes of Israel

Ishmael

Ishmael

12 Arabian Tribes

12 Arabian Tribes

Abraham’s Journey from UrAbraham’s Journey from Ur

Canaan The “Promised Land”Canaan The “Promised Land”

Abraham’s JourneysAbraham’s Journeys

Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People

Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People

The TorahThe Torah

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

Ancient PalestineAncient Palestine

EXODUSEXODUS• FamineFamine

– Hebrews left Canaan because they were Hebrews left Canaan because they were starvingstarving• Went To EgyptWent To Egypt

• Became enslaved by EgyptiansBecame enslaved by Egyptians– Story of Moses – raised by Egyptian Story of Moses – raised by Egyptian

PharaohPharaoh– Moses learns he is Hebrew – Frees Moses learns he is Hebrew – Frees

people and leads them back to Canaan people and leads them back to Canaan (Promise Land/Israel/Palestine)(Promise Land/Israel/Palestine)

» Called ExodusCalled Exodus

Land of Goshen, EgyptLand of Goshen, Egypt

MosesMoses

“Prince of Egypt”

“Prince of Egypt”

“Shepherd of His People”

“Shepherd of His People”

The ExodusThe Exodus

Route of the ExodusRoute of the Exodus

Moses and the 10 Commandments

Moses and the 10 Commandments

A new “covenant”

with Yahweh (God)

Keeps societies stable

A new “covenant”

with Yahweh (God)

Keeps societies stable

Mount SinaiMount Sinai

St. Catherine’s Monastery

at Mount Sinai

St. Catherine’s Monastery

at Mount Sinai

Hebrew CivilizationHebrew Civilization• Hebrews developed an advanced Hebrews developed an advanced

civilizationcivilization

• Hebrew Tribes united under King Hebrew Tribes united under King SaulSaul

• Continued under King DavidContinued under King David– Saw their greatest strength and Saw their greatest strength and

prosperityprosperity

King David’s EmpireKing David’s Empire

Solomon’s

Kingdom

Solomon’s

Kingdom1. Beautified Jerusalem2. Built Temple of Solomon3. After Solomon’s death the kingdom weakened

Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan

King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan

The First TempleThe First Temple

Inside the Temple Tabernacle

Inside the Temple Tabernacle

The Arcof the

Covenant

The Arcof the

Covenant

The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today

The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today

Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Kingdoms of

Judah

&

Israel

Kingdoms of

Judah

&

Israel

Israelites in CaptivityIsraelites in Captivity

Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near

East

Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near

East

The Great Library at Alexandria.

Egypt

The Great Library at Alexandria.

Egypt

Jerusalem: Studying the Torah

Jerusalem: Studying the Torah

AfterAfter• Israel became part of the Roman Israel became part of the Roman

EmpireEmpire

• Romans destroyed Jerusalem and Romans destroyed Jerusalem and scattered the Jews throughout the worldscattered the Jews throughout the world

• Jews did not return until 1948 (after Jews did not return until 1948 (after WWII)WWII)

Herod the Great’s Kingdom

Herod the Great’s Kingdom