(발제) Understanding My Data, Myself Supporting Self-Reflection with Ubicomp Technologies...

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Understanding My Data, MyselfSupporting Self-Reflectionwith Ubicomp Technologies

Mingi Pyo2011.12.08.UX Lab.

Ian Li, Anind Dey, Jodi ForlizziCarnegie Mellon Univ.

Proceeding of 13th international conference on Ubiquitous computing(2011.09.17-21)

Keyword

Personal Informatics ToolsSelf-Reflection

fitbitPedometer

DanaFemale

Where she is activeor not

Issues

Know how to collect a lot of informationvs. Answer how to reflect on information

Number of steps Web history

Sleep Quality Food consumption

Blood level Expenditures

Location Weight

Electricity Usage Driving habits

Purpose

1. What kinds of questions do people ask about their data?2. When do people ask these questions?

Ultimately, to design personal information tools that effectively assist self-reflection

Findings

1. What kinds of questions do people ask about their data?

2. When do people ask these questions?

6 Kinds of Questions

2 Phases, and transition between phases

Recruitment & Participants

Advertised on: Craiglist, Study Recruitment site, Quantified Self Blog http://quantifiedself.com

15 Participants (P1 - P15) 91 people expressed interest

Participants who

:currently using a personal information tools:used tool for more than a month

Types of data collected

Financial expenditures (3 participants)Sleep (3)Weight (2)Blood glucose level (2)Exercise (1)Productivity (1), web history (1)Books read (1), general life events (1)

Procedure

1-hour interviews in the lab or on SkypeObserved using their personal information tools

Asked how they reflected on their data: what were they looking for?: what questions did they ask?: how did they answer their questions?: what problems did they encounter?

Finding 1.

6 Kind of Questions

Status History

Goals Discrepancy

Context Factors

Finding 1-1

StatusWhat is my current status?

P7 looked at her fitbit pedometer several times a day to check her physical activity level

Finding 1-2

HistoryWhat happened in the past?

P5 looked at her spending history to check if she was reducing her expenditures

Finding 1-3

GoalWhat goals should I purse?

P9 tracked what she ate and her physical activity level to find the cause of her leg cramps, so she can avoid certain foods or not do certain exercises

Finding 1-4

DiscrepancyHow does my behavior compare to my goals?

P11 compared her current food consumption with the goal she had set for herself

Finding 1-5

ContextWhat other things happened during a particular point in time?

P3 who has diabetes measured her blood sugar level, and kept in mind the food she ate and her physical activity

Finding 1-6

FactorsWhat influences my behavior over a long period of time?

P2 tracked many types of data over time to control her weight: exercise,what she ate and total calories

Finding 2.

2 Phases

MaintenancePhase

DiscoveryPhase

Finding 2-1

Maintenance Phase

1. Already know how different factors affect their behavior,

Just want to know what their current status is

2. Already identify their goals, Only concerned with whether to meet the goal

Finding 2-1

Maintenance PhaseMost important kinds of questions

Status History

Goals DiscrepancyContext Factors

Finding 2-1

Maintenance PhaseMost important kinds of questions

Status History

Goals DiscrepancyContext Factors

Collecting data is easier because fewer types of data are collected

Tools could provide Alerts and Suggestions

Finding 2-2

Discovery Phase

1. Try to figure out What their goals are

2. Collect several types of data, find out what factors affect their behavior

Finding 2-2

Discovery PhaseMost important kinds of questions

Status HistoryGoals Discrepancy

Context Factors

Finding 2-2

Maintenance PhaseMost important kinds of questions

Status HistoryGoals Discrepancy

Context Factors

Help users collect data over a long period of time

Help users select the goals that they should pursue

Finding 2-3

Transitions between 2 Phases

MaintenancePhase

DiscoveryPhase

Finding 2-3

Maintenance -> Discovery

P7 who has recurrent insomnia tracks her sleep using fitbit

Maintenance

When insomnia returns, she records the factors that may be causing the problem

Discovery

Finding 2-3

Discovery -> Maintenance

P6 initially tracked his blood sugar level,food consumption, and mood

Discovery

Eventually, he transitioned into just collecting his blood sugar levelbecause he felt like he had control of his diabetes

Maintenance

Finding 2-3

Transition problems

P9 tracked multiple data to figure out what causes her leg cramps when sleeps

Discovery

But she still doesn’t know the causes,so she continue to collect data about her sleep and possible causes

?

Lesson Learned

1. Supporting the maintenance phase

Alert the user when they are not meeting their goal

Assist the user when they don't meet their goal

Lesson Learned

2. Supporting the discovery phase

Collect data anytime, anywhere, and often

Support different kinds of collection tool

Data should be presented together

Reduce the upfront cost of data collection

Lesson Learned

3. Supporting transition between phases

Identify which phase the user is in

Help users transition from Discovery to Maintenance quickly

Continuous data collection throughout the phase

Understanding My Data, MyselfWhat is my big picture?What is my final goal?Who am I?...

End of document

Appendix

Multiple types of data gathering

For example, P7, who collected the widest variety of data, used Daytum and your.flowingdata to track television shows and movies that she watched, restaurants she dined at, and places she visited. She recorded her eating habits with DailyBurn. Because of periods of insomnia, she used Fitbit to record her sleep patterns and physical activity levels. She also complemented her sleep tracking by taking notes about the quality of her sleep in YawnLog.