b99507016

b99507025

b99507032

Welding Cap

Printed Circuit Board Motor

Power Cable

Img source: Luvata, Nitrode®

Swedish company, World's largest producer of powdered metals.

Glidcop, first use in commerce:1973

Ref. Höganäs AB, SCM Metal Products, Inc . Glidcop product info

• What is DSC ? – Mechanism & microstructures.

– Properties

• Processing

• Current & Future

• Summary

Properties

Micro-structures

Processing

Applications

Printed Circuit Board

Welding Cap

Motor

Power Cable

Img source: Luvata, Nitrogen®

• Strengthening Mechanisms

– Solid solution strengthening

– Strain Hardening

– Grain size refinement

– Precipitation hardening

– Dispersion strengthening

– Phase transformation Comparison of copper cladding and extruded Glidcop (33x; longitudinal)

Al2O3

Ref. DeGarmo’s Materials and Processes in Manufacturing

ASTM/UNS Number

Al2O3

Content wt%

Melting point ℃

Density g/cm3

Electrical Conductivity %IACS

Tensile Strength MPa

Oxygen Free Copper C10200 0 1083 8.94 101 400

Glidcop Al-15 C15715 0.28 1083 8.90 92 483

Glidcop Al-25 C15725 0.46 1083 8.86 87 524

Glidcop Al-60 C15760 1.12 1083 8.81 78 627

Ref. Glidcop product info, Kuen-Shyang Hwang, 粉末冶金學,2008

• Mechanical Alloying

– Cu + Al2O3

– Cu + Al + internal oxidation – Cu + Cu2O + Al + internal oxidation

• Pre-alloyed Powder

– Cu-Al pre-alloyed powder + internal oxidation

®

Mechanical Alloying

Cu vessel

Cu-Al alloy

1. Cu-Al alloy is atomized to produce fine alloy powders

2. Encapsulated.

Cu billet

3. Sealed.

Cu billet

4. Heated up 925 under oxidizing atmosphere to selectively oxdize Al in-situ.

6. Glidcop with Cu cladding !

extrusion

5. Extruded to get full density, can be further CW into desired size.

• Other dispersion particles

– Nb, Mo, Cr2Nb

• finer powders

– Using NPs can obtain higher strength.

– finer grains enhanced GB strengthening.

• Other processing

Ref. D.S. Zhou, D.L. Zhang, C. Kong, P. Munroe, Factors controlling the tensile properties of ultrafine structured Cu–5vol%Al2O3 nanocomposite prepared by high energy mechanical milling and powder compact extrusion, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volume 584, 1 November 2013, Pages 67-72, ISSN 0921-5093, Groza, J. R., and J. C. Gibeling. "Principles of particle selection for dispersion-strengthened copper." Materials Science and Engineering: A 171.1 (1993): 115-125.

• DS copper is mainly used in places where needed high T strength and good conductivity, such as welding cap and PCB.

• Strength will increase with the amount of dispersion particles, while conductivity will decrease with it.

• Al2O3 is the most used dispersion particle since 1973, which is known for GlidCop® , made by Höganäs AB.

• 1. SCM Metal Products, Inc . Glidcop product info

• 2. DeGarmo, Materials and Processes in Manufacturing

• 3. Kuen-Shyang Hwang, 粉末冶金學,2008

• 4.D.S. Zhou, D.L. Zhang, C. Kong, P. Munroe, Factors controlling the tensile properties of ultrafine structured Cu–5vol%Al2O3 nanocomposite prepared by high energy mechanical milling and powder compact extrusion, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volume 584, 1 November 2013, Pages 67-72, ISSN 0921-5093,

• 5.Groza, J. R., and J. C. Gibeling. "Principles of particle selection for dispersion-strengthened copper." Materials Science and Engineering: A 171.1 (1993): 115-125.