2. 2011 . 3.
.................................................................................................................................2
.............................................................................................................5
.......................................................................................................................................7
...............................................................................................................................16
...................................................20
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.........................................................................................................38
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1 4. - - . , , : , . , , , . , , , , , , . , . , , , , . , , . , .
. , . , , , , . . . - , , , , , . , , . , , , . , . - . 2 5. . . .
, , , , - , , , . , 50 % , , . , . , , . , , , , . , , - . , , , ,
. , , , . , , , . , , , , , , , , . , , , , , , . , . . , , . 30 .
. , , . , . , , , . , , . , , . 3 6. , , , , , . 2 000 - , . , . ,
, , , , . , , , , . , , . , , , . . . , , . , , , , , , . , , . , ,
. , , . , , , , , , , . 4 7. 1. : , . 2. , BID. 3. , . 4. , . 5. ,
, , . 6. , . 7. . 8. , , . 9. , , . 10. , . 11. . 12. , . 13. . 14.
. 5 8. 15. , , . 16. . 17. , , . 18. , , . 19. , . 20. , , , . 21.
, . 22. , . 23. . 24. . 25. . 26. . 27. , . 28. . 6 9. . , , , , .
, , , , , , - , . , , . - , , , - . , , , , .1 , , . , . , . - , ,
. , , , . , , , . . , , . 1 , / (2011 .) . 7 10. 1: , . (2000)
(2011) (2014 *) 49,4 % 28,1 % 17,4 % 5,1 % 42,5 % 31,5 % 16,1 %
10,2 % 39,8 % 32,3 % 15,7 % 12,2 % , 2000, 2011 2014 : , / (2011) .
Verdict Research (2011), (2010) . * . . Woolworths. , - , - ( , ),
, . , , Woolworths , , , . : 2000 2009 15 000; 10 000;2 ;3 2 , /
(2011 .) . 8 11. , 10 %;4 , . , 565 , 2001 2006 , 99,5 % . , .5 , ,
21 . , , , . : , . , . , , . , , . - 10 % , , 2003 2010 , .6 500 %
.7 3 , / (2011 .) . 4 , / (2011 .) . 5 (2006). (2006) . Schoenborn
A (2011) : ? ResPublica. 6 , / (2011 .) 7 , / (2011 .) . 9 12. 2: :
, / (2011) . Colliers International. 400 500 , , , , . , , Arcadia
Group, , .8 3: 2015 40 . : Verdict Research (2011) 8
www.bbc.co.uk/news/mobile/business-15867924 10 13. , , . , 9 , , 15
%- . ; . 21- . , Westfield, , , 21- . Selfridges. , , , , . . . , .
. 30 %, 14 %.10 . 4: 2001 , , 2001-2011 . : , / (2011) . Verdict
Research (2011) . 9 (2011 .) 2020: . 10 , / (2011 .) 11 14. . , ,
50 - .11 , , - , . 2008 , 1950- : 40 000 45 000 1950- 10 000 2000 .
25 000 1950 8 000 2000 , 10 000 2 000.12 , 97 % - , 8000 .13 - , ,
, . , , , . .14 . Sainsburys .15 100 Tesco .16 10 , - 2011 , 50
Morrisons.17 11 (2011 .) 12 (2008 .) - 13 . (2011 .) : ? ResPublica
14 , / (2011 .) 15 . , 17 2011 . J Sainsbury .
http://www.stockopedia.co.uk/content/j-sainsbury-now-the-seventh-largest-uk-clothing-retailer-by-
volume-56629/ 16 Verdict (2011) , 2011 . 17 Verdict (2011) - , 2011
. 12 15. 5: 2001 35 %, , 2001-2011 . : , / (2011) . Verdict
Research (2011) , , , , . , , , - , , , - . , , , - . GP
Newcastle-Under-Lyme Sainsburys , Sainsburys. 2011 Sainsburys .18 -
, , . - , , . , , , , . 18 http://www.j-sainsbury.co.uk, - 7 2011
13 16. , , . . . , , , , , , , .19 , , . , , . , , - . , . , 1960-
, , . . , , , , , , , , . , . , , - , , ... (1961 .) , , , , , .
(Riots Victims and Community Panel) , - 19 , . . . (2002 .) : LM3.
14 17. , .20 , , , . , . . , , , , , . , - , . , , , . , , . - , .
, , , , . , , . , . . , , , , , , . . , , , . , . , , , . , . . , ,
, , . , . . , , , . 20 (2011 .) 5 : 2011 . 15 18. . , . , , , , , ,
. , , , , , . , , . . , , , , , . , , , . . , , - , , . , . , . . 5
400 , , , .21 , . . , . , , , , 22 , , . 21 , / (2011) 22 (Urban
Pollinators) (2011 .) 21- : . 16 19. , . , , , - , , . , . . . . ,
. , , , . . , , , . , . . . . . , - , . (2010 .) , 21- , , . , , ,
. (2011 .) 17 20. . , , , . , 18 21. 19 22. : 1. : , . 2. , BID. 3.
, . 4. , . 5. , , , . , , , , , , . , , . : , . , . . , , , : , , ,
. . , , , , , , . 20 23. , Turner Contemporary , , . , , , , , . .
, , , , . , . . , - . . . , , . , , , , . , . . 21- . , , . , , . ,
, , . , , , , , , . , , . 21 24. 1. , , , . . . , . , , . . . , , .
, , , , , , , , . . , . , , . , . - , , , . , , . , . , . 22 25. .
, , , . , , , , . , ( , , , , , ). , . , , . , , . , , . , , , . ,
. , , . , . , , , , . , , , . 23 26. , . , . , , . , , , , , . , ,
. , , . , , . : 1 000 2 . , , 1 000 2 . : , , , , / , , , . - . 24
27. 2. BID , , : (BID), , . BID , , . BID. 100 BID, , , . , BID 66
. .23 . , BID , , . , , , , . , , . , , , , . BID , , , , . , BID
BID. BID . BID - , , , . . , BID , 23 Nationwide (2010). 25 28.
(Localism Act). , , BID , , , . BID ( . 25 ). 3. , , , , . BID, , ,
, . , , . , , ( (Crossrail Act)). : New West End Company BID, - .
2000 New West End Company . 2005 New West End Company BID, 600 , ,
- , - - . BID , , . New West End Company . - . , , . - . New West
End Company - , 200 , 7,6 . . www.newwestend.com 26 29. , , . , , ,
. . . . , , , , , , - . . , , , , , . , . , - , - , . , , , , , , ,
; . , , , . . , , , . , , . ... , , TESCO ( , ), Marks &
Spencer ( ), Morrisons ( ). , , . Market Alliance 27 30. 4. , , - .
, . ? , , . , , , . , . , , , , , . 28 31. 5. , , , . , . , . , , ,
, ? , , , , . , , , . 29 32. , , 2001 , Space Makers Agency. , , ,
, . , , , . , . , . , , , . , , , , . , , . , Hitchin Markets
Limited, . , , . Tavistock Real Cheese Fair . 40 , , , , . , , , .
, . 30 33. 6. , . 7. . 8. , , . 9. , , . 10. , . 11. . 12. , . 13.
. , . , , . . . , , , , , 31 34. . , , , , , . , . , , , , . , , .
, , , , . , - , . 6. , , , , , . (Hardship Fund) ( , ), , .24 , , .
. . , . 24 (2011 .), 2011 . 32 35. 7. , , .25 , , . , , , , . , . ,
, , . , , , . 12 , . 8. , , , , ( ) . , , , , . ( ), , . , , , . 25
(Localism Act) , . 33 36. , . , , . . , , 21- . , , , . . , , , , ,
, . , , , . , - ( ) , , . , , , . , , , . , . , , , . 9. , , , , .
, . Free After Three 15:00 , . . 34 37. : (pay on foot) . . , , , .
. , . , . , , . , . , . . , , . - , . , . , , - . . , . 10. , , , ,
, , . . , , , . . , . - , 35 38. . , . , , , , . , . , , , , . , ,
, , , . . , - , , . , . 11. . , . , , . , , . , , , , , . , . , , .
, . 36 39. , . , , . , , . Whitehall High Street Strategy Group.
12. , , , , . , / D2 ( ) ; . , . 13- , , , . , . , . . - , . , , -
. , , , . 13. , , , . , , , . . , , , . , . 37 40. 14. . 15. , , .
16. . 17. , , . , , , . , . , . . , , . , . , , . , . - : Tesco,
Asda, Sainsburys Morrisons. . , 14 % , 6 % 2001 .26 . , . , , , , ,
. , 26 , / (2011) 38 41. , , . , . . , ( ) , . , , , , , . , , . ,
, , , . , , . 14. , National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). , .
, NPPF , , , , , . , . , , . , , , . NPPF . , . , ; NPPF . , . , .
: , . 39 42. 15. , , , , , . , 2008 146 , . . . , . , . , . , , . ,
. , , . , . : , . , . , . 40 43. 16. , , , . , , , , , , . , , , ,
. . , , , , , - . , ( , , , ) . , , ? , . 17. , , . , , . , , . , ,
. 41 44. : 2010 12,4 . 4 % . 62 % , ; 27 % ; 11 % . (2011 .) : 42
45. 18. , , . 19. , . 20. , , , . 21. , . 22. , . 23. . , , . , , .
, , , . , , , . 43 46. 6: , , 15 % : : , / (2011) . Experian,
Oxford Economics/PMA Colliers International. : Colliers
International ( 2011 , ). , , , .27 . , , . , , , . 27 (Urban
Pollinators) (2011 .) 21- : . . 44 47. 18. , , . , , . ( . ), . , ,
, , . 2007 , ( ) ( ). : 10 ; , ; ( ). , , . , .
www.leasingbusinesspremises.co.uk , , . , , 15 , . 45 48. , , , . ,
. , , . , , . , . , , , , . , , . , , , . 19. , , . , , . , . . . .
, . , . , . , , , , . , , ? , , , ? ? , , . 46 49. . , - , ? , . ,
, - , ? 20. , , , , , , . , , . ( (Localism Act)) , . , , . , . , ,
, . 21. , , . , . 47 50. 22. , , , . , , . , . , . , . , , , , , .
23. , , . , . , , . . . , ( . . 51 ). , . , , , . 48 51. 24. . 25.
. 26. . 27. , . , . . . . , . . , . , . , , . , . , - . , , - . , ,
- . , . , , . 49 52. , , , . , . , , . . , , , . , , , . 24. , , ,
. , . , , . , (Neighbourhood Planning Front Runners Programme), 125
, (Plain English Guide to the Localism Act).28 , , , , . 25. , , ,
, . , , . , (Neighbourhood Planning Front Runner), , , . , . 28
www.communities.gov.uk/publications/localgovernment/localismplainenglishupdate
50 53. . : , E5 , . , , , : , , , , , , , , , , , . , , . (Urban
Pollinators) (2011 .) 21- : . 26. , , , , . , , , . , . , . , - , ,
, . 51 54. , , , , . , , . . (2011 .) : ? ResPublica , . , , . , ,
. , , , . , , , . : , , . , , , , . , , , . , , . , , : 106 , , . ,
800 000 , 106, . - . 52 55. , . , , 5 000 000 . , , . . , . 12 300
( 18 000 ) . , , . , 2011 , . , ? 27. , , , , . . , , , , , . . , ,
, 400 . , . 53 56. , 29 , , , . , , . , . . , . , 30 , . , . . . ,
, , . , , . - , . 29 . (2011 .) : ? ResPublica 30
www.meanwhile.org.uk 54 57. Coventry Artspace Coventry City Arcade
, . , , - . . . , , , . www.coventry-artspace.co.uk Brixton Village
Spacemakers 20 , Brixton Village. , . Spacemakers , , , . , , .
www.emptyshopsnetwork.com 55 58. , , . , , , , , . - . , . , , , .
, - , . , , , . . , . - . , . - , . , . , , , , , . . . , : , . 56
59. , , , . , , , , , , . , , , . . , - . . , . , , , , , . . , . ,
, . , . , : , , ; . , , , , , . , , . . , , , , , . , , . . , , , -
, . ! 57 60. 28. , , , . , , . , , , - . , , . . , , . , . , . . ,
. , , . , , , , . , . , , . 58 61. 28. , , . , , , . , . . , . , .
, . , . . , , , : . , , , . , . . : , , , , , , , , , . : . , , , .
- , , , . , 59 62. . , . , , . , . : , . , . ? : , , , , , . . - .
, , , , . , : , . , , , , - . ? ? Wi-Fi , , . ? - : , , , , . , .
Swapshop: , , , Ebay. , . , , . 60 63. , : , , ? , . , , , . : . ?
. ? 2011 . 61 64. , , . , , , . , , , . 2 000 , maryportas.com , .
. , . , Urban Pollinators, . , BRC, BPF, BCSC, ATCM ACS. , , , BITC
. , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , , . , Yellowdoor, , , , . , . , ,
, , , , ! 62 65. , , : 25 (25 Ten Boutique); (Abraxus Cookware);
(Action for Market Towns); (ActSmart) (Association of Cycle
Traders); (Age UK); (All-Party Parliamentary Group for Town
Centres); (Alliance Boots); ; (Appletree Cosmetics); (Arts Council
England); (Asda); (Association of Chartered Certified Accountants);
(Association of Business Crime Partnerships); (Association of
Convenience Stores); (Association of Licensed Multiple Retailers);
(Association of Town Centre Managers); (Aviva Investors);
(Barnitts); ; ; ; (Better Archway Forum); (Bettys); (Bircham Dyson
Bell); ; (Blackbird); (Black Country Consortium); (Bognor Regis
Civic Society); ; ; ; (British Beer and Pub Association); (British
Business Improvement Districts); ; (British Council for Shopping
Centres); (British Design Partnership); (British Hospitality
Association); (British Independent Retailers Association); (British
Land); (British Parking Association); (British Property
Federation); (British Retail Consortium); (Browns) ; (Buckhurst
Hill Town Centre Partnership); (Business in Action); (Business in
the Community); - (Business Link); C2zero; (Caia Parliament
Community Council); (Cambridge County Council) / (City Centre
Management); (Camelot); (Campaign to Protect Rural England);
(Campaign for Real Ale); ; (Capital and Regional); (Capital
Shopping Centres); (CB Richard Ellis); (Centre for Cities);
(Charlie's Guide); ; 63 66. ; ; ; (Civic Voice); (Claygate Against
Metered Parking, CLAMP); (Coffee & Co); ; (Confederation of
British Industry); (Connect); ; - (Conservatives Parliamentary
Enterprise Group); (Co-operative Estates); (Co-operative Group);
(Co- operatives UK); ; (Cotton Accountants); (County House Retail
Ltd.); CSC; ; (Culture Led Urban Revitalisation); (Curiosity
Bookshop), ; (Cycle Traders Association); . . (D H Ardern Chartered
Surveyors); (Da Vinci Properties); (DEMOS); , ; ; CABE (Design
Council CABE); - DISS (DISS Business Forum); ; (Dransfield
Properties); DTZ; (East Greenwich Trade Association); (East
Planning and Regeneration Team); (Eating and Drinking Out Forum); ;
(Empty Shops Network); (Enternships); (Enterprising Communities); ;
(Eurotech); (Experian); ; (Fat Face); (Federation of Small
Businesses); (Foley Consulting); (Furniture Boudoir); (Future
Foundation); (Future Labs); ( ); ; (Grosvenor Estates); .
(Guildhouse UK Ltd); GVA; (Hamby's Shoes and Giftware);
(Hammerson); , ; (Healthy Planet); ; (HMV Group); (Home Office); ,
; (House of Fraser); ( ) . (Hutchinson Whampoa (Europe) Ltd);
('Incredible Edible Todmorden'); (Infinite Asset Management),
(Trading Republic); (Insite Asset Management); ; (Institute of
Directors); - (Institute of Grocery Distribution); (Institution of
Civil Engineers); (Interactive Media in Retail Group); . (J
Sainsbury plc); (James Graven and Sons); (JD Sports); (John Lewis
Partnership); (Joseph 64 67. Rowntree Foundation); (Kids Company);
(Kingfisher plc); ; - / (KPMG/Synovate Retail think tank); (La Casa
Loco); (Land Securities); (Law Centres Federation); ; (Leonard
Cheshire Disability); (Liberty's); (Lloyds Pharmacy); (Lloyds TSB);
(Local Data Company); (Local Government Association); (Local
Shopping REIT); - - ; (London First); (London School of Economics);
M&M ( ); (Malton & Norton); (Management Consultancies
Association); ; (Margate Independent Traders); (Margate Town
Partnership); (Marine Studios CIC and HKD); (Markets Alliance);
(Marks and Spencer plc); - maryportas.com; ; (McDonalds UK);
(Meanwhile Space CIC); (Meercat Associates); . (Mica DIY Ltd); ;
(Mike's Books); (Milestone); ( ) . (Miller Research (UK) Ltd);
(Milletts); (Mitchenels); (Morrisons); (Mothercare); (Mulberry Hall
Limited); (My Card); Mydeco.com; (National Association of Citizens
Advice Bureaux); (National Association of Estate Agents); (National
Enterprise Network); (National Federation of Enterprise Agencies);
(National Federation for Meat & Food); (National Federation of
Postmasters); (National Hairdressers Federation); (National Retail
Planning Forum); (New Economics Foundation); (New Look Rotherham);
; (Ogilvy Group UK); (Oxford Institute of Retail Management);
(Paddington Waterside Partnership); (Palmer and Harvey); (Parkgate
Shopping Park); (Peacocks); ; ; (Phoenix Antiques); Popupspace.com;
(Primera Corporation); (Prince's Trust); 00 (Research 00);
(ResPublica); (Retail Markets Alliance); (Retail Trade
Association); (Rokka); ; ; (Rural Shops Alliance); - (Said Business
School); (Save Penwortham); . (S&U Plc); (Save the Children);
(SAW Action Group) ( ); 65 68. 66 (School for Creative Startups);
(Scottish Farmers Markets); (Sheffield City Region Retail Forum); ;
(Skillsmart Retail); ; (Sorrell Foundation); ; ; (Spar UK); / ;
(Springboard); (Starbucks Coffee Company); ; (Stockport Trade
Association); (Stour Community First); (Swansea BID); (Talk About
Local); . (Tesco plc); ; ; (The Buckhurst Hill Town Centre
Partnership); (The Cupcake Cafe); (The Emporium); (The Green
Brain); (The Guardian); (The Hippodrome Casino), ; (The Law
Society); (The National Retail Policy Forum); . (The Rabbit Patch
Ltd); (The Source Retail Skills Academy); (The Vincent Cottage
Company); (The Whistlestop Sweetshop); (The Work Foundation);
(Thornton Budgens); (Thorpes of Ilkeston); - (Totally Locally
(Business Forum)); - (Totting Centre); (Turner Contemporary); ,
(Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers); ; ; ; (Unlock
Democracy); . (Urban Pollinators Ltd); (Vanilla) ( ); Verdict
Research; Visit England; ; (Warwick Economics & Development);
(Waterloo Quarter); (Wedge Card); (Wells Civic Society); Which?;
(Whitehouse Consultancy); (Wigan Plus); (Wilkinson Hardware
Stores); (Wilmslow Business Group); , ; ; World Skills, , 2011 .; ;
(Yell); (Yellowdoor); (York Civic Trust); (York Conservation
Trust). 69. , 2011 . Mary Portas . www.bis.gov.uk
www.maryportas.com. , , : , , , , 1 SW1H 0ET .: 020 7215 5000 :
[email protected] .: 020 7215 5000. URN 11/1434
