01 05 06 07 081550 185012 1120 13 1127 14 124 15 1211

02 05 06 07 081900 220012 1120 13 1127 14 124 15 1211

1 2

1 2 3 4 ( """""" """""" )

05 -

()() h6.62610-34 JS

1 E p ()

2 () ()

()

1 () PJ () J

()()()() g

2

cos M =JJ1(J1)-J (2J1)

E1, M0 (2J+1)=3E0, M0 (2J+1)=1

3J2J025

- -"-" F-P F-P

1 2()3 ( 546.1nm)1 F - P

2 , x0 mm x1 mm x3 mm x4 mm

D2D3D4 -d40mm f80mm

1 1191

2 1 9 e/me

02

()

() ()

13 210(1) (DC), / 200mV/500mV / 2.5ms/5ms/10ms(2)(3)

3.1-18

4 DPPH g (1) (AC) / 2mV/5mV/10mV/20mV / 1ms/2.5ms/5ms/10ms (2) (4) (B0) (3) () "50Hz"

07

() ()

() ()

() 7 8 (0.11mT)

1966Alfred Kastler19021984(Rb) 85Rb 72.15% 87Rb 27.85%

:1,,;2,,;3,,;

1 23 ()4 3

5 85Rb 87Rb

5 "" (50KHz1390KHz) 85Rb 87Rb 01 6 "" (50KHz1390KHz) 85Rb 87Rb 01

01 85Rb 87Rb ( I A)6 ,

(85Rb)(87Rb)12 [(1+2)/2]

I A N 250 r 0.2387m

08

2233 00 4 (Nd) 011

(1)

(3) (Nd) 01

5 0.6A 0

7 01 1000ms8000V400mV1 T NdT Nt 2 T SNR

T ()024681012 Nd (/s)Nt (/s) SNR

8 1 3 5 2 335