Шпольский Э.В. Атомная Физика. Том 1. Введение в Атомную Физику (2-е Издание, 1949)

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nOIl1gteManoLeMa n epe-B lIueRshy nOCJIeB onenshynepeaashy aapan-TpDI TpUI noae PllARH

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

OrHOCUTeJIL-Han BeJIUIHshyaa elUHunLl

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

CyMMa qUCJIO06paTHLIx

BpelgtleH ena-naleHUIl HUn

II nOllLeMa 1 1 aapana

1--)+1 nU E plusmn nr

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

OTHOCUTenshyHall BenaIDshyaa ellHHHnwshy

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

) Cpenuee t y = 11880 rne tg-BpeMH nanenaa B IlOJIe CHJIbi TFl1lteCTll

16 3JJERTPOH zr-o 3APR)J H MACCA [ra I

IJIaCHO (26) 113MeHeHHe BeJIllqllUhl aapana rrpll nepeaapanne )]OmKlIO

6hlTb nponopnaonansno paaHOCTll crcopocrefi VE - vE ECJIll ara paaaocrr OKameTCH ~eJIhlM RpaTHhlM O)]HOH II TOH me nenasansr TO

MomHO yTBepm)]aTb ITO llaMeHeHlIe aapana npOllCXO)]l1T He uenpeshyPhlBHO a ROHeqHhlM11 rrop~llHMII lJeTBepThlH 11 rrHThlH CTOJI6~hl

Ta6JIll~hl rroaaasraaror ITO 8TO llMeeT MeCTO aa caMOM neae C TOIshy

HOCTblO)]O HeCIWJIbRllX eAl1H11~ B rrHTOM aaaxe aapH)] llaMeHHeTCH

ua 6 7 1 e)]l1Hll~ rrpllqeM caua enaamra nepeaapanna (UHThlH CTOJI6e~ Ta6JIll~hl) llMeeT nOCTaTOqHO nocroarr aoe aaaxeaae

ltDopMyJIa (25) rroxaausaer ITO a6COJIIOTHaH Be1JllqllHa aapana RarrJIII )]OmIltHa 6hlTb rrporropnaoaansna CYMMe Vg + VE (IlleCTOH

cToJI6e~ Ta6JIll~hl)

ECJIll 8Tll CYMMhl oxaxryrca HPaTHhlMll O)]HOn II TOM me BeJIHshy

qIlHe TO 8TO oanauaer ITO aapan crcnansmaerca 11a nacnpernsrx enaann Ce)]bMOn 11 BOCbMon CTOJI6~hl noaaasmaior ITO 11 8TO

llMeeT MeCTO B )]enCTBHTeJIbHOCTll HaROHe~ llacpaBHeHllH rrHToro

II socsuoro CTOJJ6IWB Bll)]HO ITO enaaana nepeaapanrca H e)]IIHH~a aapana Mem)]y co6oii COBrra)]aIOT onars-raxa C TOqHOCTblO )]0 Heshy

CIWJIbH11X e)]HHH~ B I1I1TOM aaaae TaRHM 06paaOM ananaa Ta6JlHQhl

)~aeT rrOJIIIOe 11 nenocpencraenaoe )]ORaaaTeJIbCTBO nncxperuoii rrpHpO)]hl 8JIeRTpHqeCKOrO aapsna - aTOMllCTllRH 8JIeRTpHqeCRHX

RBJIeHHM

)JJIH ToqHOrO OIlpe)]8JIeHllH a6COJIIOTHOM BeJIllqllHhl aapana 8JJeRTpOHa B qHCJla nonynennrae npll I10MO~H ltlOpMyJIhl (2[)) H806xo)]HMO BHeCTll cy~ecTBeHHYIO nonpaBRY B caMOM fteJIe

ORaaaJIOCb ITO ecna onpe)]eJIHTb aapan KaneJIeR paaJIllltJHoro

panayca TO npa yxeusnrenaa I10CJIe)]HerO snasane rrOJIyqalOTCH

llOCTOHHHhle aaassaaa e HO )]JIH OltJeHb MaJIeHbRHX RalleJIeK e 6hlCTpO noapacraer C YMeHbIlIeHlleM panayca TaRllM 06paaOM

BhlXO)]HT ITO aapH)] 8JIeRTpOHa He HMeeT llOCTOHHHoro aaaseaaa a MomeT aanacerr OT paaxepos xarrensxa

MHJIJIlm8H 06bHCHHJI 8TOT HBHO aecoofip aansni peayJIbTaT TeM

ITO aaROH CTORca HeJIb3H npHMeHHTb R )]BllmeHlllO OltJeUb MaJIeHbshy

RHX RarreJIeR )JenCTBHTeJIbHO aaHOH CTORca BhlBO)]HTCH B rrpe)]

llOJIOmeHHH ITO )]BHmy~eecH TeJIO HMeeT ltlopMy nrapa H ITO

cpena B KOTOpOH rrpOHCXO)]HT )]BHmeHHe - aerrpepsmaa Ilocnonshyuoe upemroaoaeenae aaaenoxro He onpasmasaerca xorna npa

l~BHmeHHH B raae paaxepsr RaneJIbRH CTaHOBHTcH cpaBHHMhlMH

CO Cpe)]HeH )]JIlIHOH CBo6o)]HOrO nYTH raaonsrx MOJIeRyJI TaRHM o6pashy

u 6aOM OTHOIlleHHe Ii cpenaea )]JIHHhI CBO O)]HOrO I1yTH R panaycy

xanna MomeT CJIymHTb xparepnen npllMeBHMOCTII HJIH HenplIMe-

BllMOCTll aaxoua CTORca eCJIll 8TO oruornenae MaJIO ( ~ 1) TO aaROH CTORca upaxenarr MOiKBO B npOTllBOnOJIOmHOM CJIyqaeshy

aaROH CTORca HerrpllMeHHM

I a] nPAHTMQECHOE OCymECTBJIEHI1E OnbITA MI1JIJIHH8HA 17

IJJISI roro lJTo6hI YlJecTJ orcrynzreaaa OT 3aHOHa Croxca PJISI

OlJeHIgt MaJIeHIgtRHX xanenex 6LIJIO upennoateao nOJIIgt30BaTIgtCSI BMeCTO (21) CJIepyIOIllHM HCnpaBJIeUHLIM BLIpaiKeHHeM PJISI CTOHCOshy

BOH CHJILI 6ljaV gF _ (31)-

1+ A-a

me A - aexoropaa nOCTOSlHHaSl RaR BHPUO aTO BLIpaiKeHHe

nocrpoeao TaH lJTO npH A- -+0 OHO nepexonar B fJOpMyJIya Croxca (21) IIpH nosroma aroii HCnpaBJIeHUOM fJ0PMYJILI MLI nOJIyshylJaeM AJISI a6COJIIOTHOH BeJIHlJHlihI aapana BMeCTO (25) cnerryiontee BLIpaiKeHHe

9 V2middott Ij 312VI2

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

llTo6LI HaHTH a6COJIIOTHyIO BeJIHlJHHY aapana no aTOM fJopMyJIe aano 3UaTIgt nocToHHHyIO A Onaarco MHJIJIHHaU noxaaan RaHHM ofipaacxr MO~HUO uaMTH HCTHHHyIO BeJIHlJHllY aapana He npafieran R onpeAeJIeHHIO )TOM nocronaaofi

113 conOCTaBJIeUUSl fJOpMyJl (25) H (31) JIerRO HaHTH oraomeshyHHe BeJIHlJHHLI eo R aapSlAY BLIlJHCJIeHUOMY 6ea nonpanna

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

Ho nnaaa caotiozraor-o npo6era A o6paTHO nponopnaonansaa naBneIIlIIO raaa p n03ToMY

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

IAe B - uexoropaa HOBaSl nOCTOHHuaSl ECJIH HaMeUSlTIgt naanenae p H AnSI Ramporo auaseaaa nanneshy

HHH BLIlJHCnHTIgt RamYIllYIOcSI nenaxany aapana e (6ea nonpaaxa eZ13TO COrJlaCHO fJopMyne (33) MeiKAY H 1 pa poniKUa HMeTIgt

MeCTO nnueMuaSl aaBHCHMOCTIgt Hpn aTOM TaR HaR lJneu Blpa B fJopMyne (33) arpaer ponlgt

ManoM nonpanrca TO B HalJeCTBe panayca xannn a MOiKHO B3HTIgt BenHlJnHY BLIlJHCJlHeMYIO no ueacnpaanenaoii fJopMyJIe CTOHca CM fJ0PMYJlY (23)] B caMOM AeJIe HOHCTaUTa B cor-nacuo HaMeshypeUHHM MHJlJIHHlHa panaa

~B = 0000617 l

2 a B mnOJlbctt T I ~ r ~ i ~i~

ilild~ll bull 11l ~------

18 3JIEHTPOH sr-o 3APHD n MACCA [r-a I

eCJIn p naMepeHO B CUHTnMeTpax pTyTHoro cToJI6a n a-B caHTn-MeTpax

Pnc 3 rne oca opnnaar

sect I

aa OCM aficnacc OTJIOmeHIlI aHaIeHlIH 1fppoundl a aa e2

a bull 108 uoreaaraaaer ITO rpefiyeuan qgtopMyshyJIOM (33) JIMHeiiHaH aashyBnCIlMOCTb cyurecrnyer B geMcTBnTeJIbHOcTM IToshynaraa B qgtopMyJIe (33) 1fp =0 MJIM a = co T e nepexona R npenensuoshyMy CJIylfaIO xorna aaROH CTORca gOJlmeH 6IlITb cnpaaertnaa (paguyc sashyCTM~bI 6eCROHetIHO BeJIMR no cpasnenmo CO cpenshyHeii gJInHOM cBo6ogHorO

zoo f 300 liDO pOD nYTH) HaiigeM e2a = e~a pa arnr e =eo TaRHM o6pashy

Pac 3 aOM gJIH aaxoamenaa nCTMHHoro aHaIeHHH aashy

pana BJIeRTpOHa eo gocTaTOtIHO BRCTpanOJIIlpOBaTb npHMYIO go nepe-CeleHMH ee C OCbIO opnanar

Ha middotpMC 4 npaaenema tIeTbIpe cnocorioa PJIH tIaCTII~ paaJIMtIHOII B noanyxe I I - xansns-Rn MaCJIa B sozropone I I 1- RaneJIbRM pTyTM B sosztyxe IV -TIaCTn~1iI

lIIeJIJIaRa B soanyxe Bee IeTbIpe npmnre nepeceshyRaI9T OCb opnauar B 00- ~

HOH TOIRe aapHo BJIeR- ~70

TpOHa He aaBMCMT HM OT npaponsr tIaCTM~ HH OT IIPMPOgliI raaa oRpymashyiomero IaCTMI(bI

OnbITbI MHJIJIMRBHa HMeIOT 60JIblIIOe npIIH~Mshynaansuoe anaseaae TaR RaR OHM C nOJIHoii OIeshyBlIgHOCTbIO pORaaIiIBaIOT aTOMIICTMIeCHYIO npnposhy

npmnae nocrpoeaaue TaRIIM me

npapojrsr I - RaneJIbRM MaCJIa

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

~y BJIeRTpllleCROrO aapana IIo aenasaero BpeMeHM raxace H a6COJIIOTHOe aaaaenae aapHg8~J BJIeRTpOHa e = 4770 10-10 CGSE nOJJyIeHHOe 11M CIlITaJIOCb Ha1l60JIee t TOIHbIM COBepmeHHO Heshyomnp8HHO onaaxo BbIHCHMJIOCb ITO ltlTO ananeane copepmllT cncrashy

sect 4] uBIUREHIIE aJIEHTPOH B aJIEHTPllIECHOM 11 MArHllT IIOJIRX 19

MaTHIecRyIO rrorpemaocrr A HMeHHO ROCBeHHoe HO speassraaiiao TOIHOe oupenerreuae e npn nosrouta a6COJIIOTHhIX asxepeuaii nJIIlHhI BOJInhI peHTreHoBcRHX nyleil (sectsect 38 - 39) naJIO BeJIlllfHHY 3JIeMeHshyrapaoro 3JIeRTpHIeCROrO aapana 3aMeTHO OTJIHIalOmYIOCH OT HailshyneHHoil MHJIJIHR3HOM IToCJIe uexoroprax nonCROB n nacnyccaa 6hIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO xro npHHHTaH nM BeIHIIIHa RO3fgtfgtnnneHTa

BHyTpeHHerO TpeHHH soan yxa YJ = 18226 10-7 cnnIIIHOM MaJIa PHn OlfeHb TOlHhIX onpenenennii 3Toil BeJIHInHhI BhInOJIHeHHLIX B nOCJIelIHHe roma (1936 - 1940) naJI nJIH II ee BO ncex cnysaax lfnCJIO 3HalfHTenhHO npeBhIIIIaIOUee TO ROTOpOe npHHHTO MllJIJII1R3shy

HOM Cpennee H3 3THX HOBhIX onperreneuaii panaoe YJ = 183210-7

naer BeJIHlfllHy e = 4805 10-1 0 CGSE ITo nOBOiJy HaH60JIee TOlHOH BeJIHlfHHhI e CM nazree sect 39

Y rr pam H e H MR 1 ~aHYIO pa3IIOCTh nOTeHIwaJIOB rryncrro BaJIOmMTh aa IIJIaCTMlIHM HOHAeHca ropa paCCTORHlle MemAY HOTOpblMM panao 5 MM

AJIR roro lJTOObl ypanaouecarr Ma~JIfIHYIO HaneJIhHY HecyII(yIO aapan paBHbllt 5 3apHAaM aneurporra Macca HanJlII paana 311910-13 2 (OTlleT 192 V)

2 BbIlHCJIMTb CHOpOCTh lIa-~eHIIR HallJlII MaCJla nJIOTHOCTbIO 098 C paAIIshyyCOM 10-4 CU B B03]1yxe npa ilaBJleIIIIH 70 CM HOStPlPMIJMBHT eny rpeaaero TpeHIIR noanyxa 00001832 (UTBBT 00117 cMfce~)

3 Paaaocrs llOTeHIJlIaJIOlJ B 315 V npanomeanan H IIJIaCTMHHaM HOHAeHshycaropa OTCTORII(ClM rra 1 CM 3aCTaflJlRBT 3apRmeHHyIO xarrmo Mashycna nneranca nncpx co CHOpOCTbIO 10 lleJleHMti D 10 cex (50 AeJleHlIll=1 MM) CHOpOCTio nanenaa nOA )lellCTBIIBM CMm] TRmeCTM-10 ABJleHMll J) 100 Cell Hoscj)(llIIUIIBUT BHy rpennero TpeHMH nonnyxa 0 000 18 llJloTHOCTb HallJIM 09 JaBJIeUMB B03]1yxa 76 CM CHOJlbHO SJleHTpOHoB HBceT xarma (OTBeT OiJIIH)

sect 4 ))BHmeHHe 1JIeampTpOHR B meRTpHIeCROM B MarHHTHOM noaax

Hapany C eapanoa OCHOBHOH ROHcTaHToH xapaxrepaayiomen 3JIeHTpOH HBJIHeTCH ero Macca BTa Macca OleHb MaJIa ITO caenyer XOTH 6hI lI3 roro ITO nplI Ha6JIIOneHHHX B xonnencarope MlIJIJIlIWlHa norepa nrra npaofipereuae HeCROJIbHHX meHTpOHOB npa nepeaapanne He ORa3hIBaeT aasrernoro BJIHHHHH na CROpOCTb nanenaa 1aCTHnhI XOTH no fgtopMyJIe (22) CROpOCTb panaouepaoro nanenaa nporropnnoshyHaJIbHa Macce HaJIHlfHe HHepTHOH MaCChI y 1JIeHTpOlla CHa3hIBaeTshyCH onnaxo B rex cnyxaax Horna 1JIeHTpoHy COo6maeTCH ycxopeshyHHe non neHCTBHeM aneierpa-recxoro HJIH MarHHTHoro nOJIH IIO3TOMY nee MeTonhI onpenencaaa MaCChI 3JIeHTpOHa OCHOBaHhI na H3YlfeHHH ero nBHmeHHH B 3JIeHTpHIeCHHX H MarHHTHhIX nOJIHX H lIaIIIa 6JIHshymaHIIIaH aanaxa 3aHJIIOIaeTCH B TOM 1To6hI paCCMOTpeTb BJIHHHHe roro H npyroro nozren na nBHmeHHe 3JIOHTpOlla

RaH H3BeCTIIO) CHJIa nellCTBYIOmaH CO CTOpOHhI 3JIeHTpOMarshynarnoro nOJIH aa 1aCTHI~y lIecymyIO aapan e (TaH Ha3hIBaeMaH

) CM narrpaaep 11 E TaM M OCHOBM reop aa lliIeflTpUlJeCTBa CTp 210 IocTeXH3iJaT 1949

20 3JIERTPOH ErO 3APHIJ If MACCA rll I

cana JIopeHIJa) nupaaraerca ltlOpMyJIOtI

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

3)]eCb nepaua qneH rrpe)]CTaBJIHeT CHJIY )]eHcTByIOIIJYIO co CTOpOUbI 3neRTpUqeCROrO rrOJIH BTOpOH-CO CTOpOHbI MarHHTHoro) Ilpenshynoaaraerca qTO aapan e supaarea B meRTpOCTaTUqeCHotI CHCTeMe e)]HlUlIJ llaJIbHeHmHe paccymnenaa MbI rrpOU3Be)]8M )]JIH rrOJIOmHshyTeJIbHO 3apHmeHHoH qaCTUIlbI O)]HaRO OHH rrpHMeHHMbI H R )]BHiIeHHIO OTpHIlaTeJIbHO aapameaasrx qaCTHIl Hano TOJIbRO rrOMHHTb xorna peqb H)]8T 06 3JIeRTpOHe qTO OH aecor OTpHIlaTeJIbHbIH aapan H narrpashyBJIeHHe ero OTRJIOHeHHH ncerrta 6y)]eT rrpoTHBOrrOJIOmHO nanpaaneshyHHIO OTRJIOHeHHH rrOJIOmHTeJIbHO 3apHmeHHoH qaCTHIlbI

COrJIaCHO BTOpOMy aarcony HbIOToHa CHJIa F panaa npoaanene-

HHIO MaCCbI m na ycxopeuae v

F=mv (41) IIpHpaBHHBaH npaaue qaCTH (41) H (41) uonyvaex

bull e mv= eg+~[vX] (42)

Paccuorpaa reneps OT)]eJIhHO )]enCTBHe 3JIeRTpqeCROrO U MarshyHHTHoro nozreji ITOJIaraH B (42) 6 = 0 rrOJIyqaeM

bull e mv = c [vX] (43)

OqeHb qaCTO npa paccaorpeaan pBHmeHHH aapana B MarHHTshyHOM none rrOJlh3YIOTCH 3JIeRTpOshyMarBHTHon CI1CTCMOH e)]HHI1Il Torshyna (43) rrpHHI1MaeT BI1)]

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

bull e v=-[vX] (44)m

TaR RaR CHJIa )]encTByIOIIJaH co CTOpOHbI MarUHTHoro nOJIH mapashyPlIC 5 maeTCH BeITOpHbIM rrpOH3BepeHHeM

TO Tpl1~BeRTopa F v X 06pa3YIOT npaaoaaaronymcacrexy (pHC 5) Bexropaoe ypanaeune (44) SRBHBaJIeHTHO CJIe)]YIOIIJflM TpeM

CRaJIHpHbIM ypaBHeHHHM

dt = ~(ViI(J8-vzjJ]y) )I

dv y e 1 (44)lit = m (VY6 x-Vx3f6z) I

~ = ~ (vfl8 y - VY 276 x ) J ) B paJIbHeHllIeM MbI 6YAeM lIHOIpa Ha3IJBaTb ClIJIOH Jlopenaa uTopoi

qJIeH centOpMyJIhI (41) CBlI3aHHIJH C MaIHlITHIJM nOJIeM

sect 4] IIBIIlliEHIIE 8JIEHTPOHA 13 3JIEHTPWIECHOM II MArHIIT IIOJIHXj 21

Harerpaponanae )TOM CllCTeMbI ypanaennii B 60JIbIIHIHCTBe CJIyIaeB npelWTaBJIHeT C060I1 TPYAHylO MaTeMaTllIecHyIO aanasy Pemenne ee AJIH pana CJIyIaeB 6bIJIO AallO C A BoryCJIaBCHllM MbI paCCMOTpl1M IIpocTeiIwllH CJlyIaH YCJIOBllH xoroporo OAHaIW OTBeqaIOT 06bIIlIOH nOCTaHOBHe arafioparopusrx axcnepaaeuron II He 6YAeM aaUllMaTbCH BbIIllCJleUlleM rpaexropna a HaiiA8M JIllWh BeJIllqUHY OTHJIOHeHllH nafaJIJIeJIbHOrO nysua aapmHeHHbIX IaCTI1~

B MarHllTHOM nOJJe I1peAnOJlOiHllM ITO B MOMeHT t = 0 CHOpOCTh qaCTHI~bI HanpaBJIelia no OCH x T C ITO npH t=O Vz=V Vy = V z = O OTHOCIITeJIbHO MarHllTHoro rrOJIH MbI nOJIOllillM ITO OHO nOCTOHllHO BO BpeMeHll HarrpaBJIe-HO no OCII y HO Bo06~e ronopa ueonuo- Z

pOAHO T e MomeT 6bITh aanacaao HaK X=X (z) Taxaa 06paaOM d18 x= 216z= 0 818 y = 2Jf) (x) =ftJ JJonycTllM IJTO none AeHcTByeT na nporazaenan 0 A = X

(pac 6) II IJTO aa paccrormaa OB = L noofime ronopa He paBHOM OA noxeshy ~~If 10 r ~aeTCH qJJIyopeCnllpYIO~llH axpan na HOTOpOM rrpOH3BOAllTCH llaMepeHlle 01shyHJIOHeHllH TaH HaH nOJIe Ha BceM nposhy PRC 6 Ilonoamrenrno aashyTHllieHllll HanpaBJIeHO rro OCII y TO COshy paaceiraas IaCTRla B Mal shy

HHTHOM noneCTaBJIHIO~aH CllJIbI Fu = e (vzftJx - vz J8z) panna HyJIIO H ABllmeHlle rrpollcxoAllT B rrJlOCHOCTll XZ I10CHOJIhHy Hac mrrepecyer OTHJIOHeHlle sacrnnra a He ee rpaerrropaa MbI BOCrrOJIbayeMcH TOJIhHO TpeTbllM aa ypasshyHeHllM (44) ECJIll OTHJIOHeHlle MaJIO TO C TOqHOCTbIO AO aerrashyIJllH nroporo nopanxa MaJIOCTll MOIHHO aa BceM nporamenaa nynl

rrOJIOllillTh v = V = dt AellCTBJITeJIhHOx

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

I1HTepeCYIO~ee Hac rperre JI3 ypaaaenaii (44) OIJeBHlJHO AaeT

d2z e d xdt2=mdtdiJ8 (45)

Tal HaH BTOpOH IJIeH crrpDBa paBeH HyJIIO d d dx

JJaJIee npaamraa BO BHllMaHlle ITO dt = dX dt MLI MOlHeM

uepenacan (45) B BllAe

dX) d x e dx rJJ(Jsd(dzs t ([i=mdt-

dxIIpOJIaBOAH coxpamaaae II aaMeHllB CHOBa dt IJepea I) nOJIyqJIM

~ (dZ) _s rJJ(Jd-e dx -mv bull

22 8JIEHTPOH aro 3APR)J M MACl~A [rHo I

I1HTepeCYIO~ee HaC OTKJIOHeHlIe Z MLl Han)]eM OTCIO)]a nnyxparshyUhIM HHTerpHpOBaHlIeM nepBoe HHTerpHpOBaHHe B npenenax QTdeg )]0 x llaeT

~~ - Q8 draquodx mv)

Bropoe aarerpapoaanae OT HyJIH )]0 1 (paccroaaas OT aaxana nOJIH )]0 axpaaa) )]aeT

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

BhInOJIHIIM aarerpaposaaae no qaCTHM nonaraa U = ~ $0 dx o

H dv = dx nonysaa I I I

z=v l ~ $Odx - ~ XQ8dx =v ~ Q8(l-x)dx (46) o 0 O

B aTon ~opMyneuHTerpan

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

ecrs OqeBII)]HO nOCTOHHHaH npatiopa TaK RaJ( ero BeJIlIqIlHa 8aBHCHT TOJIbRO OT HanpHmeHHOCTH nona Q8 (x) ero npOTHmeHIiH x H paCCTOHHHH 1 OT MeCTa BXO)]a aJIeKTpOHOB )]0 aapaaa nOJIb3YHCh 0603HaqeHHeM (47) HaXO)]UM

z=A~ (48)mv

B qaCTHOCTH eCJIH nOJIe O)]HOPOAHO (fIJ = const) H npocrapaerca OT x=O )]0 x=a a B HHTepBaJIe OT x=a )]0 x=l Q8=O T0

A=a (l - -i-) $8

HaKOHeu eCJIH oxpaa pacnozroarea BnJIOTHyIO y ROHua nomoshyCOB MarHHTa TO 1= a H

B O)]HOPO)]HOM nOJIe HanpaBJIeHHOM nepneH)]HKyJIHpHO R CROshypOCTH JIerKO HanTH H TpaeRTopHIO qaCTHULl B caMOM neae TaR RaK CHJIa Jlopenna acerna nepneH)]HKyJIHpna R V TO OHa MeHHeT TOJIhKO aanpaaaeaae CKOpOCTH HO He ee BeJIUqUHY

I 4] nBHmEHHE BJIEHTPOHA B BJIEHTPHIECHOM H MArHHT nOJIfiX 23

nOBToMy BJJeHTpOH 6y)JeT nnararrca no oxpyxcaocra pa)JHYC ROTOpOH p MLI Han)J8M npapasaanaa nopennoay ClIJJY ev(jJJ nearposhy6emHoH ClIJJe HHepDMlI

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

BLIlMCJJlIM reneps OTRJJOHeHlIe aapaaceaaoii laCTMDLI B nonepesshyHOM BJJeRTpOCTaTHleCROM none nYCTb nonpeacaexy CROpOCTIgt laCTlIDLI B MOMeHT BXO)Ja ee B npOCTpaHCTBO Mem)Jy nJJaCTlIHaMH xoanencaropa 6y)JeT aanpasneaa no z OClI z a nOJJe xonaencaropa-e-uanpaa-JIeHO no OCB Z Bce OCTaJIbHLIe YCJIO-BHa MLI coxpaaaex npemHHMH (pacZ)

1-+-1 middot1TaR RaR X=O TO (42) naer mv=eG

~ IlpHlIMaH 130 BHlIMaHlIe ITO ~ z = t= ~ y = 0 ~ = ~ noaysaea CJIellYIOshy

mae TpH CRaJIHpHLIX ypaBHeHHH 71+++

dJx dJy d2z mdt2 =0 =0 m dt2 =e~

-xshym dt2 PIIC 7 llOJIOlRIITeJIhHO aapashylReHHalI lJaCTIIIJ8 IJ anearposhy

)JJIH MaJILIX OTRJIOHeHHH RaR CTaTIIlJeCKOM nOJIe

II paasme MOiRHO np1I6lJHmCHHO noshy dx

JIOmHTb ITO nee BpeMH V- dt H )JJIH BLIllICJIeHIIH OTRJIOHeHHa

BOCnOJJbaOBaTbCH TOJlbRO TpeTbHM ypanneaaea

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

2zd (dZ) d (dZ dX) dx

dt2 = de de = dx dX dt dt = V dx 2

IILI MOIHeM nep enacarr ypanaeaae (410) B BB)Je

d 2z __e_~ dx2-mvmiddot

I1HTerplIpya )JBa paaa COBepmeHHO TaR me RaR H paasme HaXO)JHM

Z = v 2 ~ dx ~ ~dx = va 5(l- x) lldx o 0 0

24 I 8JIEHTPOH ErO 3APRD 11 MACCA [III

lIJIH 060aHaQalI ~ (l- X) ~dx=BJ(npHQeM B HaH H pauee BBe~eHshyo

Hall nOCTOlIHHalI A 6ylJeT nocTolIHHOH npafiopa) HMeeM

z=~B (411)mv B qaCTUOCTII eCJlH ~JIIIHa nJIaCTlIH nonneacaropa panna b II

nOJIe O)HOPO~HO (~ = const) TO nenocpencraeaaoe IIHTerplIpOBaHlIe

IIJlH npa l=b

sect 5 3HeBTpoH B npoAoHbHOM 9HeRTpOCTSTUqeCBOM nOHe

Paccaorpau aaaonen ~BlIlReHlIe SJIeHTpOHa B SJleHTpOCTaTIIshy

qeCHOM nOJIe COBnaAaIOIIJeM C aanpaaneaaea mmmemm TIYCTb STO

6y~eT aanpaaneaae OCII x Toraa ~z=~ ~Y=~2==middot0 CHaJIlIpUOe

ypasueaae pBlImeUlIlI

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dx llttLl nepenanrea aaxeaaa dt sepea v B BH)]e

dv m dt =e~ (51)

dv 1 d (v2)YMHOlRHM 06e qaCTH (51) ua v H aaxesas qTO v ([i=2([t nOJIyqllM

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

ECJIB 0603UaqHTb nOTeUIJHaJl SJIeHTplIqeCHOrO nOJIlI xepea ep TO d-p

~ = ~z= -IX TIOSTOMy

d~ dx d~ ~v = - dx dt = - Cit

II (52) npRUHMaeT BR)]

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

dt T)= - e dt RHO dt -2- + eltp =0

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

18j BHCIIEPMMEHTAJIhHhIE MEFOIJhI OIlPEIJEJI YzJEJIbH 3APRIJA 2amp

yenpaBHeHlIe (53) asrpaxcaer 3aHOH coxpaaenaa aaepraa TaH

Hawecp ecrr nOTeHlJHaJIhHaJI 3HeprHJI aapJIIJ8 e B TOqHe nOJIH C

nOTeHulIaJIOM cp ECJIlI aapJIIJ uepexemaerca 113 TOqHH C nOTeHlJHashy

JIOM CPI B TOqHY C nOTeHlJHaJIOM CPa 11 CPI - ltPa = V TO mv~ mv~ ( ) V-2- - -2- = e ltPI - CPa == e

TIPll VI = 0 llMeeM 2=eV

06L1qHO pa3HOCTb nOTeHlJlIaJIOB 113MepJIeTCH B BOJIbTaX B TaHOlrl

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

B aTOMBOH lflIl3HHe aaepraro oxeas qaCTO BLipamaIOT B 9JIeHTpOHshy

BOJIbTax 1 eV ecrr Ta 3HeprHH HOTOpyIO npaoriperaer 9JIeHTpOH

npofieraa yCHOpJIIOIlJyro pa3HOCTb nOTeHlJHaJIOB B 1 V D3 (54) nOJIyqaeM

8lmiddot10-I Omiddot1

1 9JleHTpOH-BOJIbT = 300 = 16010-19 apr

8HeprIlJI B 1 eV paCCqIlTaBHaJI aa N =60231023 (1 MOJIb) 3JIeRTshy

pOHOB panaa

1 9JIeHTpOH-BOJlbT bullMOab-I = 9641011 epe-MOab- 1 =

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

= 2304 llllaamiddotMoAb-1 bull

ECJIIil 113BeCTHa aaepraa 9JIeHTpOBdB asrpaseeaaaa B 3JIeHTpOBshy

BOJIbTaX TO CHOpOCTb V B eMcell MOMHO HenOCpeIJCTBeHBO BLIshy

1JIilCJIIilTb lila (54) ev -shy

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

sect 6 3RcnepUMeBTalJILBLIe MeTOALI onpeAeJIeBBJI YAeJILBOrO aapans

B OCHOBe 3HCnepHMeHTaJIbHLIX MeTOIJOB onpeIJeJIeHHJI elm nescar

peaymrarra HCCJIeIJOBaHHJI IJBHmeHlIJI 3JIeHTpOHa B 3JIeHTpHqeCHHJ

H MarHHTHLIX nOJIJIX BLinOJIHeHHOro HaMH B npeIJIIIecTByIOIIJHX

uBYX naparpa-pax

Heofixonaxo OIJHaHO HMeTb B BHIJy qTO HaH B cnyxae 3JIeHTpllshy

qeCHOrO TaH H B cay-rae MarHHTHoro nOJIJI OTHJIOHeHHe B nouepesshy

HOM nOJIe aaBHCHT He TOJIbHO OT elm HO H OT v MarHHTHoe OTHJIOshy

HeHHe onpeIJeJIJIeTCJI llaRTopOM elmo a 9JIeRTpHqeCRoe-llaRTopOM

elmo IIO3ToMyonLiT C OTHJIOHeHH8M B RalWM-JIH60 OIJHOM nOJIamp

eme He IJaeT B03MomHOCTll BaiTH elm

26 3JIEHTPOH ero 3APHA II MACCA l rJI I

B nepnsrx patiorax (MoTonIJm Am TOMcoHa) 06LIIHO rrOCJIonOBashy

TOJIbHO lf3MepflJIH OTRJIOHeHlfe B TOM H npyroM nonax H lf3 nBYX ypasshy

u eunii (48) H (411) cpaay BLIlIlfCJIHJIH elm H v Il pn 810M rrYlIIUI

anem-pouoa OCY~OCTBJIHJIHCb B BlfnO HaTonHbIX JIylIeii B rpyfiuax ~ C pa3pomellHLIMH raaana (naBJIeHHO nopanxa HOCKOJIbKlfX COTLIX

MM Hg) Pa3BHTHo TOXHlfIUI rrOJIylIoHHH BaKyyMa aa nOCJIenHHe

nOCHTHJIOTnH noason aer npOH3BonHTb 3TH lf3MepOlIlfH B 60JIee onpeshy

nOJIeUHbIX H JIylIlIIO KOHTpOJIHpyOMLIX yCJIOBHHX Ha pHC 8 npenshy

crannena cxejaa COBpeMOHHoro upnfiopa nJIH onpenezrenaa elm H v no MeTOny TOMCOHa HaKaJIHBaeMbIlI KaTOn K nOMo~eHHbIHB rpyfiny

OTKalIaHHYIO 110 npenezra nonycKaeMoro cOBpeMeHHoH TexHHKoH

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

PIIC 8 Cxeua MeTOJa onpeneaenan YJeJIbHOro sapana no OTImOHemiIO TpIFleCIWM If MarHIiTHOM nOJIllX

BaKyyMa HBJIffeTCH 06HJIbHbIM HCTOlIHHKOM 9JIeKTpOHOB 8TH 9JIOKshy

TpOHbI yCKOpHlOTCH 6aTapeH B 1 nOJIOmHTeJIbHbIH nOJIIOC KOTOpOlI npashy

coenHHeH K MelaJIJIHIJeCKOH nJIaCTlIHKe (auony) A B noHTpe KOTOpOH

HMeeTCH OTBopcTHe 8JIeHTpOHLI rrponrenmao IJOpe3 9TO oraepcrne

qBHraHcb npflMOJIHHeHHO na1OT aa CTeHKe Tpy6IUI S nOKpbITOH

qlJIyopeC~HpYIO~HMBemeCTBOM CBOTJIOe nHTHbImKO F pacnoaoaeeashy

aoe npOTHB 01BepCTHH B aaone A Ha nYTH Momqy A H F 9JIeKshy

TpOHbI npoxortar Memqy nJIaCTHHRaMH xonnencaropa CD R KOTOpblM

MOiKeT 6b1Tb npUJIOmeHO nanpnzaeuae OT 6aTapOH B ECJIH BRJIIOshy

lIHTb 6aTape1O B 2 TO nysox 3JIeHTpOHOB OTKJIOHHOTCH 3JIeKTpHshy

lIeCKHM nOJIeM B03HHKalO~HM Me1lqy nJIaCTHHKaMH H nHTHLIIIlKO

nepexemaercn B nOJIOmeHHe F C03naBaH Momny IIJIaCTHHKaMH xoanencaropa CD TaKme H OqHOshy

porraoe MarHHTHoe nOJIe nepnerrmraynnpnoe K nJIOCKOCTH lIepTema

(Ha pHCyHK8 nOKa3aHO TOIJKaMlf) MomHO BbI3BaTb OTKJIOHeHlfe

nHTHblIIIKa B lOM mo HJIH B 06paTHoM HanpaBJIOHIUI ECJIH H3Me~

pHTb 06a OTKnOHeHHH TO npH nOMOmH ypaaaenaii (48) H (411) M01KHO BbIlIHCJIHTb elm H v U paKTHlIecKH YA06Hee npocro KOMneHCHshy

posarr MarHlITHblM nOJIOM nepBOHaIJanbHOO 3JIeKTpOCTa THQeCKOe OTshy

KJIOHeHHe B 9TOM cnysae He06xoqHMble H3MopeHHH CBOqHTCH K TOlIshy

sect 7] METO)] )]BYX ROH)]EHCATOPOB 1-7

HOMy orrpenenemno HarrpHiR8HHOCTeii ofioax rrOJIOll-meRTpHlIeCROrO 1I MarHlI1HOIO

IIpellMylQeCTBO lICIIOJIhaOBaHHH nycrornux Tpy60R 1I ropaxax Ra1ogoB rrepeg CTapblMlI Me1ogaMlI rge lIaMOpeHlIH IIpollaBogllJIllCh Hag xaronasraa JIYlIaMlI D paapeaeenaoa raae COCTOllT B TOM lITO B nycrorusrx rpyrixax Mbl lIMeeM BoaMomHOCTh ynpaanarr CHOpOCTblO SJIeHTpOHOB B rpyfinax C paapemeHHbIM raaon 1I XOJIOgHblM Ha1OshygOM SJIeHTpOHbl oCBo60mgaI01cH non BJIlIHHlIeM 60M6a pnaponxa uarona rrOJIOmllTeJIhHblMlIlIoHaMH H CHOpOCTh lIX aaUHCHT 01 CJIOmHblX yCJIOBHit pacrrpegeJIeHlIH rrOTeHDlIaJIa B paapeaceaaoa raae HanposhyTlIB B nycrorusrx rpyfiaax npa HarpeBaHlIlI xarona SJIeR1pOHbl BblgeshyJIHIOTCH COlleHh MaJIblMlI CHOpOCTHMlIlI yCHOpHIOTCH 1l0JIeM6aTa pea B2 TaRHM ofipaaosr 06a nponecca -BblgeJIeHlIe SJIeHTpOHoD 1I lIX yCHOshypeHlIo-He aaBHCHT gpyr OT gpyra 1I 06a OHlI rronnaiorca ROHTpOJIIO sRcllepllMeHTaTopa

laH CHaaaHO nsmre naaansnsre CHOpOCTlI SJIeHTpOHOB oCB060shymgaeMblx as ropaxero rcarona MaJIbl Hanpaxep eCJIH xaronoa CJIyshymllT BOJIhqgtpaMOBaH cnapans narperaa go 2400deg K TO ncero JIlIlIIh 01deg10 SJIeHTpOHoB 06JIagaIOT aaeprnea npeaocxonamea 142 SJIeRshyTpOH-BOJIbTa II 00001 -sHeprlleit npenocxonamea 285 SJIeHTpOHshyBOJIhTa ECJIH noaroxy ycxoprnomee none He CJIlIlIIHOM cJIa60 TO MomHO CllllTaTh C llOCTa1olIHoit TOllHOCThIO lITO HaqaJIhHaH CHOshypOCTh ocnofiozanaeasrx SJIeRTpOHOB panna nyJIIO IIYCTh paaaocrs rrOTeHDlIaJIOB Memlly RaTOllOM 1I aaonou (aanpaaep MeilllY K II A na pac 8) panna V BOJIhT Torna oHOHlIaTeJIhHYIO CROpOCTh SJIeRTpOshyHOB Mbl HaXOllHM na ypanaeaaa

mv2 eV [lt54)2=300middot

IIOS1OMy aaaa V Mbl yare aaaea H CHOpOC1h SJIeRTpoHoB 810 OCBOshy60mllaeT Hac 01 He06xollHMOCTlI lICrrOJIhaOBa1h 1I anexrpasecaoe 1I MarHH1Hoe OTHJIOHeHlIH llJIH HaXOmllOHlIH elm 1I v )JOCTaTOllHO BOCrrOJIhaOBaThCH JI1I60 SJIeHTplllleCHlIM JI1I60 MarHlITHblM 1l0JIeM nropoe ypanaeuae ncerna naer qgtopMyJIa (54)

B CJIegYIOlQlIX napar-patpax Mbl IIpllBegeM aa 60JIhlIIOrO nncna COBpeMeHHblX MeTogoB onpenerrenan ynensaoro aapana nna Ha1l60JIee xapanrepnux B nepnoa rrpaaeaaerca SJIeRTplllIeCHoe 1l0JIe BO BTOshypOM-MarHlITHoe

sect 7 Onpeneaenae y)leJIbijOrO sapana meKTpoHa no MeTo)ly gByX ROH)leHCaTOpoB

OgHlIM aa casnax roxmrx COBpeMeHHblX MeTOllOB onpeneneaaa OTHOIIIOHlIH elm HDJIHeTCH MeTog llBYX ROHgeHcaTopOB 8JIeHTpOHbl OT HHTlI HaRaJIa F (pac 9) yCROpHIOTCH rrOJIeM Memlly naronou F H aaonox A Ilpoana lIepea OTDepCTHe B aaone A 1I gHaqgtparMy Ds

28 SJIEHTPOH ErO 3APHn M MACCA [rJl I

nyuox =meKTpOHOB nonanaer B nepmaa KOHIeHCaTOp K 1 na KOshy

TOPbIH HaHJIaIbIBaeTCfI rrepexenaaa paaHOCTb nOTeHllI1aJIOB OT BbIshy

COHOlJaCTOTHOrO reneparopa B IIOI BJIIIflHIIeM 3TOrO rrepeneashy

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

= PRe 9 Cxejaa xerona onpeneaenaa y~eJIbHOrO aapana npa nOMOJDH ~BYX

nonnencaropon

noro nona nepIlOII11eCKII I1aMeHfleTCfI HanpaBJIeHIIe nysxa II BOshy

otime ronopa nysox aanepzsanaerca 3KpaHOM P2 TOJIbKO re 3JIeKshy

TpOHLI xoropue npOJIeTaIOT xepea HOHIeHCaTOp K 1 B MOMeHT

HOrIa KpIlBafi nOTeHllI1aJIa

npOXOII1T lJepea HyJIb (pIIC

10) OHaabIBaIOTCfI cnocotiaushy

MIl npoara xepea MaJIOe OT-

t Be pCTIIe D2 B axpane P2 bull

8TII BJIeHTpOHLI nOnaIaIOT

aareu B HOUIeUCaTOp K 2

npIlCOeII1UeHUbIll H TOMy me reaeparopy ITO II K 1 BCJIeI-

CTBIIe lJero nona B o6oIlx

HOUIeUCaTOpax acerna HaXOIflTCfI B OII1UaHOBOll epaae TaHIIM o6pashy

aOM IBa paaa B renenae HamIOrO nepaona B HOHIeHCaTOp K 2 nonanashy

IOT BJIeHTpOHbI II OTHJIOUflIOTCfI B 60JIbmell I1JIII MeHbmeit CTeneHII

nnepx I1JIII BUlla B aaBIICIIMOCTII OT epaabI reaeparopa B MOMeHT nposhy

XomIeHIIfI BJIeHTpOUOB xepea HOHIeUCaTOp K 2 bull HeTpYIHO y6eII1TbCfI

B TOM ITO I1MeeTCfI TOJIbHO IBa CIIMMeTpIllHbIX HUnpaBJIeHIIfI B HOTOshy

pux MoryT OTHJIOUIITbCfI ltmeHTpOHLl npn npOXOmIeHHII lJepea BTOT

BTOpOit HOUIeHCaTOp K 2 bull ECJIH aanpmsep npouearyrox BpeMeUH

Heo6xoIHMb1ll BJIeHTpoHy 1To6bI nponererr OT HOUIeHCaTOpa K 1

JJO ROHJJeHcaTopa K2 panen t = OA (pac 10) TO BO BTOpOM ROHshy

nencarope K2 OJJHH BJIeHTpOHbI sacraayr nOTeHIJI1aJI AB = +VI

PIIC 10

bull 8] METOP agtORYCHPOBRH npOpOJIbHbIM MArHHTHblM nOJIEM 29

a ApyrHe - 1I0TOHQRaJI A I H= -VI II03TOMY aa qlJIyopecIJlIpyIOshylIeM axpaae S 1I0JIBJITCJI ABa CHMMeTpRlIHO paCIIOJIOmeHlnJX llJITBR

Bapsapya CROpOCTh 8JIeRTpOHOB R3MeBeHReM YCKOpJIIOmerO 110shyTeHlJRaJIa MomBO A06RThCJI roro lIT06u apexa tl CAeJIaJIOCh paOUhIM 1I0JIyllepHOAY reaeparopa T12 lIJIR noofime nT12 Ilpa aTOM yCJIODlIH 8JIeRTpOBhl IIpOJIeTJIT H nropoa ROBAeBcaTOp 6e3 OTRJIOBeBlIlI II ABa 1I1ITHa aa qlJIyopeCQllpYlOlIJeM axpaae COJIhIOTCJI B OAHO ECJIlI pacshyCTOJIHUe MemAY K 1 H K 2 paBHO l a lIaCTOTa reaeparopa f TO CROpOCTIgt

TaKUX aJIeRTpOHOB 6YAeT v = T2l = 2lf lIJIH soofime

v= 2 = 2lf bull (71) nrl n

C APyroH CTOpOHLI eV _mv2

(54)-2-

rna V - ycaopmomaa 1I0TeHQIIRJI IIpIIJIOmeBHhlH MemAY FHA 113 (71) II (54) 1I0JIyqaeM

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

Bonsmoe IIpeIIMYlQeCTBO MeTOAa ABYX aoaneacaropos COCTOIIT B TOM lITO OB JIBJIJIerCJI csoero pona laquoHyJIeBhlM) MeTOAoM II He lpe6yeT HHItaHltX H3MepeHHH O~RJlOHeHHlI 061gt11180 CBH3aBHLlX c TPYAHO yCTpaHHMhlMII omn6RaMII BeJIHlIHHa YAeJIbHOrO 3apJIAa nOJIYlIeHHall TaKIIM cnocotiou 1I0CJIe BHeceHIIlI ncex nonpasox pasaa

~=(17590 plusmn 00015)107 CSMmiddot e-1II)m

sect 8 OnpeAeneHHe YAeJIbHOrO aapHA4 9JIeBTpOHa no MeToAY 41oB~cHpoBBH npOAOJIbHLIM MarHHTHLIM nOJIeM

)JpyroH TOlIHhlH MeTO~ OllpeAeJIeHHJI elm CBJI3aH C IIplIMeshyHeHHeM IIP0)lOJIbHOrO MarHIITHoro 1I0JIH

PaccMoTpIIM rrpezsne acero AeHcTBIIe MarHIITHoro 1I0JIa ua pacshyXOAH~IIHClI IIY1l0R aJIeRTpOHOB BhlxoAa~IIH II3 OAHOii TOlIKH (oraepcrae AHalfgtlarMIJ) CHJIa AeHcTBYIOmall aa aJIeKTpOH co cropoasr MRrHHTBoro 1I0JIlI panna (npennoaaraerca ITO e nsrpashymeHOB aJIeKTpOMarHIITHIJX eAIIHIInax)

F=e [vXJ

$) B COOTBeTCTBHH C HCTOpgleCRH YCTaHoBHBlIIetlcR npaxraxoa MbI lIb1pamaeM YjIenbHblH eapan 8JIeHTpOHa elm B onaaanax CGSMe-1 Tor~a RaR aapan 8JIeRTpOHa e 06b11HO aupaseaerca B enaaauax CGSE B Tex cnylaRX KOrjla 06e BenHIHHbI e Hem BXOjlRT B qopMynax B RaRHx-llH6Yjl lwM6HHa~HRx BMfilCTO elm CJIMyeT nacars e[mo

30 aJIEHTPOH ero 3APRD lI MACCA [rJI I

ECJUI anercrpoa JIeTHT non yrJIOM IX He paBHIiIM 0 HJIH 90deg R UanpaBJIeUHlO MarHHTUIiIX CHJJOBIiIX JIHHlIiI TO erO_CRopOCTh MomHO paaaoarars ua nne ROMnOHeHTIiI nponomnyio Vz H nonepequylO Vp

VZ=VCOSIX vp=vsinlX (81)

Paccaorpasr BJIHHHHe srarnaracro nOJIH aa HamJJylO aa lTIIX IWMnOHeHT OTneJIhHO Ha lJIeRTpOH JIeTHIIJHH nepneanaxynapno -R nOJIlO co CROpOCTblO v p neHcTByeT CHJIa F = evpcffJ TaR

n r~ bull

orrpenenenna yneasaoro aapana e rrouorm-io npozromshyaoro xraraaraoro nOJIlI

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

RaR CIIJIa F p seane nepneananyaspaa H VPl TO BJIeRTpOH onamer ORpymHOCTb panHYC ROTOpOH MIiI HaiineM npapanaas F p IJeHTpO-OeiRHOH CHJIe HHepIJHH

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

BpeMH t aeofixonmroe nJIH roro qTOOIiI lJIeHTpOB orracan nOJIHYro oxpyamocrs oyneT

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

OlmaIiIBaeTCH CJIenOBaTeJIhHO qTO t He aaBHCHT OT panayca p TaRHM ofipasox eCJIH npenCTaBHTh ceoe HeCROJIhRO lJIeRTpOHOB onHOBpeMeHHO BIiIXOnRIIJIIX aa OnHOH TOqRH C paaJIHqHIiIMII CHOpOshyCTRMH Vp nepnennHRyJIRpUIiIMIImiddot R $8 TO see 9TH lJIeRTpOHIiI onacas oxpyaraocra pa3JIHQHOrO pannyca onHOBpeMeHHO aepnyrshyH B HCXOnHylO TOQRy tho nORa3aHO na pHC 11 cnpana rue H30opam8HIiI npOeRIJHH nyTeH lJIeRTpOHOB oOJIanaroIIJHX pa3JIIIQshyHIiIMH COCTaBJIRroJIJHMH CROpOCTH vp aa nJIOCROCTh nepneanaxyshynapayio H aanpaaneamo MarHIITHoro nOJIR

sect 8) METOn 00HYCHPOBlUf npOJJOJIbHbIM MArHHTHbIM nOJIEM 3t

Ha npOAOJIbHYIO IWMIIOHeHTY CROPOCTII MarHIITHOe none BeshyOHa3bIBaeT BJIIIHHIIH Iloaroay sa npoaeacyrox BpeMeHB t BJleRshyrpoma np0JIBHHYTCH BAOJIb oca COJIeBOllAa coanaiomero none aa paCCTOHHBe

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

Ecaa yrOJI IX Man TO COS IX ~ 1 B (83) npBBllMaeT BllA

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

T e ace 9neITpOHbl BbIJleTaIOIIJBe H3 OTBepCTBH AllaepparMLl c oAHon 11 Ton me aOCOJIIOTHOn BeilHlJBHOn CIWpOCTll v aa npoxeshymYTOK BpeMeHB B reuenae xoroporo npoexuaa 9TllX anexshyTpOBOB aa nnOCROCTb nepIIeBAHRYJIHPBYIO R oca COJIeHOllAa onashyCLlBaIOT nonBYIO orrpyaeaocrs npOABlIraIOTCH BAonh OCB COJIeHOllAa aa OAHO II TO me paccroaaas 1 OTcIOJIa CJIeAyeT lJTO pacxoAHshyIIJHnCH nynore 9JIeRTpOHOB onaaareonoa aaepraa nOA JIenCTBHeM iIpOAOJIbHOrO MarHHTlloro noaa laquopORycBpyeTcH aa pacCTOHBBII 1

ho laquopORycHpyIOIIJee AenCTBlIe COJIeHOHAa B nemBT B OCBOBe MeTOAa npOAOJIbH()rO sraraarnoro nOJTH OJIeRTpOHLl BLlXOAHIIJBe H3 OTBepCTllH JIHalaquopparMbi S (pBC 11) B paaaepnyrsre npeABapHshyTeJlbBO B paCXOAHIIJHnCH nynon nepeMeHHLlM 9JIeRTpHQeCRHM nOJIeM ~ nOIJaAaIOT BHYTPb coaeaoana IlOAOHpaH COOTBeTcTByIOshyWyIO BeJIBlJHBY BanpHiKeHHOCTH nOJIH J1fJ MomBO AOOBTbCH Toro lJTOOLl nylJOR 9neRTpOBOB laquopORycHpOBaJICH RaR pa3 y IJpOTBBOnoshyJIOmHOrO ABaljiparMe ROB~a COJIeHOBAa rne nOMeIIJeB laquopnyopec~B- pYIOWHn 9RpaB 3HaH aeofixorrasroe AJIH aroro nOJIe MomBO ceiixac me BLllJBCJlBTb elm AenCTBBTemBO H3 (84) naXOABM

l e v= 2--J1fJ

IIOACTaBnHH 9TO aupaaceaae AJIH CROpOCTH rB ypanasaae aaepraa

mv2 =eV (54

jrerno nonYlJHM - _ 81t2V

(85m - Q7(2l2

Pesyasrar nocnennax (1939 1) [H3MepeHHH BbinOJIHeBHLlX 9TliIM MeTOAOM TaROB

(17586 plusmn O0023)middot107CGSMmiddote-1 bull

3JIERTFOH zr-o 3APflD H MaCCA [rn I

HaH60JIee TOlHOe anaseuae YAe~hHoro sapana B~eRTpOHa nonysenaoe B peayasrare RpHTHleCROH oneuxa HaMepeHHH BblnOJIshy

HeHHblX pa3JIHlHblMH MeTOAaMH ecrs

~=(17592 plusmn 00005)10 CGSMmiddote- Ibull (86)m

CpaBHHM reneps Maccy 3JIeRTpOHa C sraccoa sonoponaoro aTOMa

)JJIH aroro HyiRHO npenene scero HanTH BeJIHlHHy elmlaquo T e OTHomeHHe aapana 9JIeRTpOHa R Macce aTOMa sonopona Jlerrco sanerr- lTO BTO nOCJIeAHee oruomeaao paBHO ornomeamo qHCJIa ltDapa)]eH F R aroxaoay secy soaopona HI IJenshy

CTBHTeJIhHO TaR RaR F = Ne (N - nOCTOHHHalI Aaoranpo)

1I HI = NmH TO HFl = z lIa HaH60JIee TOlHLIX HaMepeHUR F U HI mH

-~=(95735 plusmn 1) CGSMmiddote-Ibull (87)ma

KOMOUHUpyR (86) II (87) HaXOAIIM

mHm=18375

IlTaR Macca 3J18RTpOHa B 18375 paaa MeHhme MaCCLI BOAOshy

poAHoro aTOMa

sect 9 (DoRycHpoBKa H MOHoxpoMaTH3aDHH rryqgOB aapaaeenmrx qaCTHIJ

PaCCMOTplIM aAeCb nonyTHo MeTOALInOJIyleHIIR nylROB laCTH~

nocToRHHOR CROpOCTII (MOHoxpoMaTII3a~HR lfmJIbTpbl CRopOCTeR)

II MeTO)]LI lJgtORyCHpOBRH nyxxon

aaparaeumax laCTII~ 3HaROMcTBO

C 9TIIMH MeTO)]aMII nOHano6HTCR p ( ~J~ HaM B )]aJIbHenmeM

CaMLIR npOCTOR lJgtIIJIbTP CROshy

pOCTeR ycrpoen TaR nyxox aapRshy8_~_ ~f~_~cc_~~-middot1 iReHHLIX laCTIIQ nponycxaorca

OAHOBpeMeHHO lepea 3JIeuroKTpIIle-

Pac 12 Cxova ltpHJIbTpa cxopocreii CRDe II MarHIITHoe nOJIR aanpaashyaapaatcnasrx qaCTIII~ JIeHHLIe neuropneH)]IIRyJIRpHO npyr

K Apyry If npIITOM TaR lTO OHH

nalOT OTKJI0HeHIIR B npOTHBOrrOJIOiRHLIX aanpasneaaax

Ha pIIC 12 MarHIITHoe nOJIe narrpaaneao nepneanaayaapao

R IIJIOCROCTn lepTeiRa n )]eRcTByeT aa rrOJIOiIHTeJILHO aapaateanyro

bull -iacrany C CnJIOR evrlllJ JIemaIqeR B rrJlOCROCTII lepTema B TOR

He rrJIOCROCTH JIeuroiRIIT II CIIJIa e~ C ROTOpOR nbRcTByeT aa aapan

i 91 ltDOHYCHPOBHA nYQHOB 3APRmEHHhlX lJACTHU 33

aneKTpllleCHOe none HOHLeHCaTOpa AB Ecnu BM6paTh HanpaBneshyaaa nonea TaH IT05M 05e CIWM 6LWll aanpaanensr B npOTUBOshyIIOJIOmHMe CTOpOHM TO peaynrrrapyromaa cana 6YLeT evrf18 - e~ IIoL BnllHHlleM aron cansr xacrana LBllmeTCR aoofime rosopa no I1pllBOn C panaycosr xpaaaamr p Ilpnpaaaasaa cuny LenCTBYIOshymyto aa 1aCTll~y ueHTp06emHon cane anepnaa nonyaaea

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

OqeBllLHO ITO 1epe3 HOHLeHCaTOp npoimyr TOnhHO re 1aCTUnLI CfWPOCTh KOTOpMX TaHOBa ITO 06e CllnM evrf18 H e~ npyr npyra fOMneHCllpYIOT B aTOM cnysae

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

qacTlluM co CHOpOCTRMll He yLOBJIeTBOpRIOmmllll COOTHomeHll1O (92) 6YAyT rrparaayrra nnacraaxaan HOHLeHCaTOpa II y)laneHLI lila nysxa llJIII BO BCRKOM CJIYlae aaneparauu )IIIalaquoJpanlOH D

s 0 Puc 13 ltIgtoRycupoDIm nonepevauu OPHOpOAHhIM

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AJIRI laquoJOHyCllpOBKIl 1aCTlIu OIeHb 1aCTO noasayiorca AencTBueM OpHOpO)lHOrO nOnepelHOrO MarHIlTHoro nOJIR

Ilycrr llCTOIHllH 1aCTllIJ JIeiKllT B S (pnc 13) II nYCTb see qaCTHULI xapaxrepaayiorca oAHon II Ton llie BeJIIfqllHOn mraquo]e qacTHJJa asmeraiomaa BepTllKaJIhHO nnepx onamsr nonYOHpymshy

mv 5HOCTh naaxerpox SA = 2 eQJt = 2p KaKaR-HIl y)lh npyraa 1aCTll~a

BblneTalOmaR non yrJIOM lX K nepaoii TeM me panaycosr onmner uyshyry xpyra KOTopaR nepecexer naamo SA B TOqHe B Jlerxo BIIshy)IeTh ITO

AB = 2p (i - cos laquo)

Ecna yrOJI lX )IOCTaTOlHO Man TO MOlliHO aocnoasaonarrca paashy_ as

JlOmeHlIeM xocanyca B creneaaoa pHn COS tx = i - 2+ bull BaRTh

S bull B IDnOJILCRHlt T I

34 ltWEHTPOH Era 3APRlJ II MACCA [rJI 1

AB = ptx2 bull

Hanpaxep ecrm p= 5 eM tx =3deg = 005 TO AB = 12510- 2 Clt

OleBlIDHO lTO see xacrauer HanpaBJIeHlIH HOTOpbIX npll BbIJIeTe na S JIeiHaT B npeaeaax yr-na tx onacan cooTBeTcTBYIOlllYIO nyr-y nepecexyr SA MeiHDy A II B TIOSTOMy eCJIlI lICTOlHlIHOM S CJIyiHlIT mens xepea HOTOpyIO npOXODHT xacrmua TO AB 6yDeT (ltlI306pashyiHeHlIeMraquo STOH merrn B BlIDe yaHoH JIlIHlIlI uonepenaoe ODHOpODshy

Hoe MarHlITHoe nOJIe )JeHCTByeT ThHlIM 06paaOM HaH nllJIlIHDpUshyxecxaa JIlIHaa

IJpyroH TlIn pllJibTpOB rroayxaamaa B nOCJIeDHee BpeMJl mapoxoe pacnpocrpaaeaae OCHOBaH aa DeHCTBlIlI paDlIaJIbHOrO

SJIeHTpllleCHOrO IIOJIH B nllJIlIHDpllleCHOll HOHDeHCaTope PaccMOTpM laCTIIny C aashypHDOM e nonanaromyro B nIlJIHHDpIlleCHlIll HOHDeHcaTOp (pac 14) OleBlIDHo lTO xashyCTIIna fieonperrarornenao nPOHDeT lepe3 ROHIeHCaTOp B TOM cnyxae eCJIlI DeHcTByIOshy

PRC 111 llOJIOiHHTeJIbHO maa aa Hee co CTOpOHbI nOJIH CIIJIa e~ aaplIiHCHHan IaCTHla H 6yDeT panna neHTpo6eiHHOH cane auepnaa paAHaJIbHOM aJIeRTpH~eshyCROM nOJIe lHJIRHJpHshy mv2

e~=-~eCRoro ROHAeHCRTopa

B nIlJIHH)IpllleCHOM HOHDeHCaTOpe noae 06JIaDaeT paDI1aJIbHOH ClIMMeTpllen II noroay

dV I~ I= dp bull

CneDOBaTeJIhHO YCJIOBIIe fiecnpenaroraennoro npOXOiHDeHlIH laCTIJshynbI lepea HOHDeHCaTOp 6Y)leT

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

Bupaaeaa KlIHeTHleCHYIO aueprmo mv 2 lepea yCHOpSlIOlIllIH nOTeHshynMaJI mo = 2eVo H paaDeJIHH nepexeuarae B ypaaneaaa (93) IIOJIy1lUY

d 1 dV P=2Vo

IIOJIaraSl paDHYCLI BHemHeH H BHyTpeHHeR 06HJIaDOH paBHLlMH COOTBeTCTBeHHO P2 B PI no TeHnHaJI BHemHeR 06HJIaDlH - paBHLlM Vk

a anyrpeaueii - paBHLlM 0 B aarerpapya npa 3TBX yCJIOBHRX DOJIylHM

P2 Yk r~=_l (dVJ II 2V J

sect 9] IIgtOHYCHPOBHA IIyqHOB 3APRiREHHhlX QACTI1U 35

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

MLI BHlIIM TaHIiM 06paaOM ITO Ham)JOH paaHOCTH nOTeHIHashyJIOB Vk aa 06HJIa)JHax xonnencaropa COOTBeTcTByeT aaepraa 3JIeRshylpOHOB V npa HOTOpOH OHH sror-yr npoirra qepe3 HOHleHshyCaTOp

PJIIC 15 UlfJIIIHAPlIqeCRHH HOHAeHcaTop HaH qmJIbTP cxopocreii (CTpeJIshyHaMil o6OltIHaQeHLI CIIJIOBLIe JIIIHIIII lJIeHTpHqeCHOrO nOJIlI cnpana HB

rpalflllHe n-QHCJIO qaCTIIl V-IIXCHOpOCTb)

Ha pac 15 aaoripaacena CXeMa )]enCTBHH IUJIUH)]pHIeCIWrO HOHleHCaTOpa HaH llJUJIbTpa cxopocroii BH)JHO ITO eCmI qepea 1IeJIb B 1 IIocTyIIaeT nyIOH 3JIeHTpOHOB CHOpOCTU HOTOpLIX JIemaT B HHTepBaJIe v plusmn ~v TO qepea mens B 2 IIpOHlyT meHTpOHbI CO CHOshypOCTHMH JIema1IBMH B 60JIee yaHoM HHTepBaJIe v plusmn s B npasoa 1aCTH pacynxa nano rpaqlHIeCHOe ua06pameHHe pacnpeneneaaa 3JIeHTpOHoB no CHOpOCTHM )]0 ltpUJIbTpaIHH H nOCJIe aee (aamrpashyXOBaHHaH qaCTb)

HaH60JIee aaMeqaTeJIbHaH ocofenaocrs paccsrarpaaaexoro pBJIbTpa COCTOHT B TOM ITO OH 06JIalaeT cnoc06HoCTbIO pOHycHpoBaTb pacshyxOlH1IUeCH nyIHB lOa U PomaHcHHH noxaaana TeOpeTBqeCHHM paCIeTOM B nO)]TBep)]BJIH axcnepaaearansno ITO paCXO)JH1IHHCH nyIOH BLIXO~HIIHi H3 1IeJIU S BHOBb pOHycHpyeTcH onacaa

127017B IIIJIIIH~pHqeCROM xouneacarope nyr-y ~_ = (pac 16) r 2

16 aJIEHTPOH ErO 3APH~ Ii MACCA [nbull 1

TaHHM OOpaaOM pa~IIaJIbHOe 3JIeHTpUqeCHOe noae ~HJIHH~PHshyqeCHOrO xonneacaropa ~eiicTByeT na pacxonamaaca nOTOH eapashy)K~HHLIX qaCTH~ coaepmeuuo rax me HaH nonepeanoe onaopoaaoe MarHHTHoe nOJIe B aexoropsrx OTuomeHHIIX O~HaHO npasreneaae BJIeHTpIIqeCHOrO I10JIfl BMeCTO MarHIITHoro I1pe~CTaBJIlIeT npeIIMYshy

IIJeCTBa Harrpaxep npa nOMOIIJH 3HpaHOB ropasshy~O ner-re OrpaHIIqHTL aJIeHTpHqeCHOe I10JIe qeM MarHHTHoe

sect 10 3UBHCHMOCTL Macshy

eY eaesrpona OT ero eaopoera

PRC 16 ltIgtoRycllpylOmee ~eHCTBHe panaansnoshy Ilpa CHOpOCTRX aJIeHshyro BneRTpllllecKoro nona A -IlCTOqSIlK aapashymeSSbIX qaCTIll B-4Japa~eeB uanaanp Gl TpOHOB OJIHaHIIX R CROshyCa-nnacTllsbI lllnllHApllqeCROrO xoaneacaropa pOCTH csera otiaapyaorshy

SSl-meJIIl BaeTCII aaBIICIIMOCTb MacshyChI OT CHOpOCTH Ilopaoe

aacnepaaearansuoe nO~TBepE~eHHe sroro BamHeHmero ltpaRTa npaaanzreatar RayepMaHy pafiora xoroporo OLIJIa onyOJIHROBaHa B 1901 r T e erne aa qeTLIpe rona ~o nOIIBJIeHIIII TeopIIH OTHOCIIshyTeJIbHOCTH

CymHocTb ero MeTo~a COCTOIIT B TOM qTO 3JIeRTpOHbI uponycxaorshyca o~uOBpeMeHHO sepea rronepesaue 3JIeRTpIIqeCROe II MarHHTHoe nOJIa pacnOJIOmeUHLIe rrapaJIJIeJIbUO HJIH aUTHrrapaJIJIeJIbHO TaR lTO OTHJIOHeUIIa B TOM H npyrox rrO~IIX I1epIleHJV1KYJIlIpUhI~pyr

H ~pyry napaJIJIeJIbHLlH nysox meRTpOHOB OOJIa1alOIIJHX o~Hoii H Toii me CROpOCTblO rrpOXO~HT Mem~y rrJIacTBHRaMH xormeacaropa B I1pOCTpaHCTBe Mem~y ROTOphIMB BoaOYiR~eHO TaRme H MarHBTHoe nOJIe (pBC 17) Harrpasneaaa I10JIeii rrORa3aHLI na pacyaae CTpeJIshyRaMB OTRJIOHeHHe B 3JIeRTpHqeCHOM nOJIe 6y~eT uanpaaneao snpaso H paBHO nanpasrep OA= x OTRJIOHeHHe B MarHHTHOM nOJIe oy~el

aarrpaaneao asepx H paBHO aanpaxep OB =z (CJIe~yeT rrOMHHTr lTO 3JIeRTpOHLI necyr oTpH~aTeJIbHLIii aapan n03ToMY OTHJIOUeHIIlI I10JIOmHTeJIbHO sapaaceumrx qaCTH~ OLlJIII 6hl COOTB~TcTBeHHo

BJIeBO H BHHa) ltIgtopMyJILI sect 4 naror

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

rne A B B -rrOCTOaaHLJe npatiopa Bce 3JleHTpOBIiI llelOIIJHe nocroJlHuyIO CHOpOCTL 6~1T nonanazs rrocne l]poxO)KlleulIJI middotqepea

sect 10] 3ABHCIUlOCTb MACChI 8JIEHTPOHA 01 ErO CHOPOCTH 31

06a nOJIlI B fOlRy C laquopOTOnJIaCTHHHH Ilycrr reneps rry1JOH ReOAROshy

pOIJeH H COAepilHT aJIeHTpORLI BceB03MomHLIX CHopOCTeH B aTOM

cJIylae CJIeBLI aJIeHTpOnOB aa laquopOTOnJIaCTHHHe pacnonoaearca no

HeHOTopOH HpI1BOH laquopOpMy HOTOpOH Jlh( HaHAeM BCHJIIOqHB H3

(48) H (411) CHOpOCTI v z B03BeIJlI nepnoe aa HHX

B HBanpUT B pa3neJIHB

HU BTopoe IIOJIylaeM

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

ECJIH elm nOCTOlIHshy

BO II CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO

- =K = constS m TO

Z2 =Kx (102) 8JIeInpOHbI B nonepexaux aneterpaxeshyCROM II MarHIITHOM llOJIHX

II HCHOJlalI RpHBalI AoJIshy

lIma 6LITL orpeaxoa nashy

pafiozrsr TIepeHJIIOIalI meHTpHIeCHO e nOJIe TO B onay TO B npyshy

ryIO CTOpOHy npa HeH3MeHHOM aanpaansaaa MarHHTHoro nOJIlI

MLI nOJImHLI OLIJIH OLI nOJIylHTb nsa OTpe3Ha napaOOJILI pacnonoshy

ilWHHbIX TUH ITO OOmeH xacarensuoii HX B TOlHe 0 CJIymHT OCL

ZI Z (pHC 18 a) B onsrrax RaypMaHa1rBbIrrOJIHeBHLIX C TaRHM pacrronoaceuaex H C npenaparox panaa B RaqeCTBe HCshy

TOlHHHa anexrpoaon ofiaapyaoaaocr

ITO orpeaan rrpansrx nonynemnre Bplusmn -e peaymrare onsrra He aansrorca orpeashyo Omiddot HaMll napafioma Yme aTO rrORa3LIBaeT

) 1raquo ITO elm B (101) He OCTaeTClI rrOCTOlIHHbTM

PRe 18 T e ITO Macca 3aBHCllT OT CROpOCTH

Ha pHC 18 b CXeMaTllleCHH npeACTaBJIeH

BHIJ epoTorpaqJHH rronyneaaoa RaypMaHoM llHTHO BLI3BalIHoe HeOTshy

HJIOHHeMbTMH B MarBHTHOM II 8JIeHTpllleCHOM nOJIlIX y-JIylaMII panaa

pHHcHpyeT HalaJIO xoopnaaar Bnnno oznrano ITO orpeaxa HpHBLIX

He nOXOnHT AO HalaJIa HoopnllHaT HecMoTplI Ha TO ITO B nylHe

rrpncyTcTBOBaJIH 8JIeHTpOHbI CO CHOpOCTHMH MaJIO OTJIlllaIO~llMHClI

OT CHOpOCTH CBeTa BHIJHO rarose ITO HaCaTeJIbHLIe npOBeAeHHLIe

H nponOJImeHHHM OOOllX OTpe3HOB B TOlHe 0 He COBnanaIOT

C OCbIO Z HO oopa3YIOT C HeH yrOJI a OTJIHIHLIH OT HyJIH Iloaroxry z Z2 Z

- HMeeT HOBeqBOe aaaxeaae npn Z = 0 a CJIenOBa TeJIbHO - = -z = 0 x x x

TaHHe pOTorpalaquopHH n03BOJIHIOT HaHTll elm AJIH pa3JIllqRLIX CHOpOshy

aJIEHTPOH rsro 3APHlJ II MACCA rr-a I

13JleRTpOHOB RaROBa 6LI HH 6LIJIa ltpopMa CJIe~OB B caMOM

Ilene H3MepHB Roop~HHaTLI RaROH-JIH60 TOtIRH RpHBOH MomHO

middot~llBCJInTb elm B v IIpB IIOMOmH ltpOpMyJJ (48) H (411) BBH~y Toro llTO CJIe~LI IIOJIyIaeMLIe aa ltpoTOIIJIaCTHHHe ~OBOJIbHO paashyMHTH 60JIbmOH TOIHOCTH raxae H3MepeHHH ~aTb He xoryr OAHaRO

OHH K8tIeCTBeHHO IIORa3LIBaIOT BHe acaxcro COMHeHHH ITO Macca

B03paCT8eT co CROpOCTbIO HaIIpHMep RayltpMaH IIOJIyIHJI CJIe~yshy

-JOmlIe pe3YJJbTaTLI

v cMcelgt

2361010 l3tmiddot107

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

IJJIH ROJIHtIeCTBeHHOrO yCTaHOBJIeHHH sana SaBHCHMOCTB MaCCLI

OT CKOpOCTB TOqHOCTb OIILITa RayltpMaHa HeoOCTaTOqHa

B TO BpeMH xorna OH IIpOH3BOoJ21JI CBOH OnhITbI peas MOrJIa

BTTB 0 BLI60pe Memoy oByMH laquopopMyJIaMH 1) laquopOpMyJIOii A6paraMa

B OCHOBe BLIBooa ROTOpOH JIemaJJO IIpeocTaBJIeHHe 06 aJIeHTpOHe

J(8H 0 mecTRoM H HecmHMaeMOM mapaxe

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

It 2) ltpOpMyJIOH Jlopeana

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

OTBeqaIOmeii IIpeocTaBJIeHHIO 06 anexrpone cmHMaIOlIeMCH IIO

UanpaBJIeHHIO IIBHmeHHH RaR J213BeCTHO IIOCJJe~HJlH laquopopMyJIa BLlshy

-eK8eT T8Kme J21a reopaa OTHOCHTeJIbHOCTH BBHoy 60JIbIIIOU IIpHHshy

ItBnB8JILHoit BaifHOCTH peIIIeHHH sonpoca 0 TOM HaHaH aa 3THX oBYX

OpMyJI 6JIHme OTBeIaeT ~eHCTBHTeJILHOCTH aa pa60TOH RaYlaquoPMaHa

UOCJIeoOB8JI ~JInHHLIU PH~ npyrax pa60T (Byxepepa HeUMaHa H np) H B03HHKJI8 IIOJIeMHHa ITpHqHHa aroro aaRJIIOqaeTCH B HCKJIIOIII shy

TeJILHOH TpyoHOCTH COOTBeTcTByIOmHX 3HCnepJ21MeHTOB H xpaane HaJIOR paaaanc B qHCJIeHHLIX peayasrarax oaBaeMLIX 06eHMH laquopopshy

-yJIaMH

Bce ynoMHHyTLle ascnepaaeararopsr HHTepnpeTHpOBaJJH CBOH

peaYJIbTaTLI B IIOJIhay laquopOpMyJILI JIopeHna-8uHIIITeHHa O~HalW 11X

_onHTLl He OhIJlH CBo60oUhI OT noapaaeeaaa BOJIee y6e~BTeJIbHLIe peayJIbTaTH6LIJIH nOJIyqeHLI rIOH JIaBaHmB H PaTHoBcRBM (1921 r)

i10 BX onHTLI 6LIJIH BhInOJIHeHhI C RaTO~HLIMH JIyqaMH B orpaaashy

~~qeBBOM HHTepB8JIe cxopocrea OT ~ = 02 no ~ = 05 I bull

I~gtII~~

10] 3ABl1Cl1MOCTh MACChI 3JIEHTPOHA OT Era CHOPOCTII 39

He OCTaH3BJIlmaHCh aa HCTOpIIII BOlIpoca MLI paCCMOTpIIM

TOILHO pe3YJIbTaTLI lIOCJIe~HIIX pafior B HOTOpLIX yqTeHLI nee B03palKeHIIH C~eJIaHHLIe rro nonony npennrecrnyiomax HCCJIe~oshy

BaHIIH B onsrrax TpIIHHepa IIAeH HOTOpLIY npaaanaezaar n JI RarrIIIIe 6LIJIa IICrrOJIb30BaHa epoHyeIIpOBHa 1JIeHTpOHOB nposhy~OJIbHLIM MarHIITlILIM rrOJIeM COJIeHOII~a (CM sect 8) Pacxo~H~IIHCH nyqdH 1JIeHTpOHoB ncnycxaeasrx pa~IIoaHTIIBHLIM nponaparox A (pHC 19) co CHOpOCTHMII no ~ = 08 or-pana- B 1 qIfBaJICH HOJIbneBOH pIIaepparMoH C MarHIIT-

Hoe none COJIeHOII~a (He nonaaaaaoro na xepshyrexce) C06IIpaJIO 1TOT nyxox B epOHyce na epOTOshy

II1IeHHe E pacrrOJIOmeHHOH rro OCH npafiopa 31IeHTpOHLI BLI6paCLIBaeMLIe pa~IIoaHTIIBHLIM

npenaparox MomHO 6LIJTO yCHOpHTb IIJIII aashyMepJIHTb 1JIeHTpIIqeCHIIM rrOJIeM B 5000 V IIpIIHJTa~LIBaeMLIM Mem~y B II D IlpII CHOshy

pOCTH 1JIeHTpOHoB ~ = 08 ROTOpOH COOTBeTshy

crnyer yCHopmoIIIHR nOTeHIJIIaJI 3405 10middot V OTHOilleHIIe mlm lIO epopMyJIe JIopeHI~ashy3HHillTeI1Ha paBHO 1666 II3MelIeHIIe yCHOpHshy

IOIIIero lIOTelIIIIIaJIa na 5000 V BLI3LIBaeT II3shy

MeHeHIIe MaCCLI scero na 006 qTO JIemIIT

aa npenenaaa rrorpenraocrea onsrra Iloaroay nozre B 5000 V 3aMeTHO ycxoprrer I1JIII TOpshy

M03IIT BJIeHTpOHLI HO rrpaHTIIqeCHII He II3Meshy

HHeT IIX MaCCLI M3 epOPMYJILI (84) CJIe~yeT qTO H3MeHelIIIe CHOpOCTII na Av CMe~aeT eposhy

~yc na At = 21t~V

e bull PRC 19 CxeMa on~a

mQJ] Hanansr - Tpaxaepa

3HaR Av II 8 II II3MepHH At no cxemoamo epOHyca na epoTOlIJIeHHe

Momao orciona BLIqIICJIIITb elm M3MepeHIIH TpIIHHepa rrOHa3aJIII qTO rrpH CHOpOCTHX anexrposhy

HOB BnJIOTh no 08 CHOpOCTII CBeTa II3MeHeHIIe MaCCLI co CHOpOCTbIO

caenyer epopMyJIe JIopeHIJa - 3HHillTeHHa C TOqHOCTbIO B 1- 2 Tor~a HaH pa3HIII~a Mem~y pe3yJIbTaTaMII ~aBaeMLIMII epopMyIaMII

A6paraMa II JIopeHIJa - 3HHillTeHHa COCTaBJIHeT npa 1TIIX yCJIOshy

BRHX OHOJIO 5 DpyroH MeTO~ onpenanenaa 3aBIICIIMOCTII MaCCLI OT CHOpOCTH

)LIJI npIIMeHeH Ilanoa II ClIHCCOM (1938 r) M~eH 1TOrO MeTopa

cOCTOIIT B CJIe~YIOrueM

Ilycrr B A (pIIC 20) pacnonomen IICTOqHIIH BJIeHTpoHoB ECJIH

UMeeTCH onaoponaoe MarHHTHoe nOJIe 8 nepneunnxynapaoe

H rrlOCHOCTII qepTema TO rueJIII 8 1 H 8 2 BLIpeJIHT H3 rryqHa f

40 aJlEHTPOH zr-o 3APRD H VACCA [rJl- I

Te aneHTpOBU CIWpOCTH KOTOpldX ynOBneTBOpHlOT yCJIOBHID

mvB =evd18 (103) f

Ile p- pannyc KpHBHaHld rpaexropaa onpenenaeuoii pacnonoaeeshyBBeM meJIen 818=83 OJIeRTpOHld npomenmae sepea IUeJIH 81

nonanaior aarex B xoanencarop C BBHny HaJIHqHH MarHHTshy

Boro nOJIH nepnennHRyJIHpHOrO R aJIeHTpHqeCRoMy 0101 ROHneHshy

carop cJIymHT lflHJIupOM (CM sect 9) ROTOpldH rrpoaaaonar 60JIee

TOqHYIO MOHOXpoMuTHaaIJHIO cnopocroa aJIeHTpoHoB B G pacnoaoshymeH Bocnp1IHHM81OIUHn npnfiop (CqeTqHR Iejirepa onacanae CM

B T II rtt XVIII) npa nOMoIUH xoropcro MOfHHO CqHTaTh ornecnasre aJIeKTpOHld npomenmae xepea nee meJIH II xonneacarop Onur

COCTOHT B TOM ITO npa naHHoH BeJIHqHHe Marshy

HHTHOro nOJIH nonfiapashy101 paaHOCTb nOTeHIJHshy

aJIOB rra nJIaCTHHR8X HORshy

neacaropa TaR 11061gt1 PIlC 20 Cxexa OUhITa Ilana H Cnacca qHCJIO 3JIeRTpOHoB peshy

rHCTpHpyeMIJX CqeTqlfshy

ROM G 6LNlO MaRCHMaJIhHhlM ECJIU rt - HanpHmeHHOCTb IIOJIH B

xonneacarope TO COrJIaCHO 1fl0pMyJIe (92) sepea Hero npoanyr TOJIhRO re aJIeRTpOHhI CROpOCTb ROTOpIJX ynoaneraopaer Tpe60shy

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

ROM6HHIIpyll aTy pOpMyJIy C (103) nOJIylaew

m = clltz

OnIJTIJ Ilaaa II Cnacca TaR me RaR H OIIIJTIJ Hamn~IJ-TpIIRRepar nOHaa3JIII ITO pacxoacneaae Memny peayJIbTUTaMII BLIqHCJIeHHIJMU

no 1fl0pMyJIe JIopeHIJa - OlfHmTeHHa He npeBOCXOlJllT 15 nJIH CHOshy

pocreii 3JIeRTpOHoB ~ = 0745 TaHIIM otipaaon B HaCTOHIIJee BpeMH MomHO CqUTaTb ITO

cflopMyJIa JIopeHIJa - 8HHIIITenHa rronynana 3KcnepBMeHTaJIbHOe nonshy

TBepmneHBe B yKaaaHHIJX npenenax TOqHOCTB II nmr yxasaaaoro

HHTepBaJIa CKopOCTeH Ha OCHOBaHBII 06IUHX cootipaxrenaii HCHO ITO

HeT HBRliRIIX npaaan COMHeBaTbCH B npaBBJIbHOCTB aTOH qgtOPMYJIIJ nJI1t

Jl106IJX CKopOCTeH CROJIb yronao 6JIBaKBX K CKOpOCTB CBeTa OnHaRO

DpBHBMaH BO BHBMaHBe BIJnalOIUyrocH BamHOCTb aTOH qgtOpMyJIbi

RaH c TeOpeTHqeCHOH TaR B C BKcnepBMeHTaJIbHOH TOqRB apenaa

(CM B oc06eHHOCTB rJIaBIJ 06 aTOMHOM anpe B 0 HOCMnqeCRBX

11) 8J1EHTPOMArHHTHAH 11A CCA 4t

nysax) 6b1JI0 6b1 meJIaTeJIbHO HMeTb ~06aBOIHOe nO~TBepm~eHJ1 ee nna OOJIee mapoxoro HHTepBaJIa CHopOCTeH H C MaKCBManbHO5

TOtJHOCTblO nocryrmoa ua COBpeMeHHOM ypoBHe 3HcnepBMeHTanbshy

HOH TeXHHHB

sect 11 3JIeRTpOMarBHTBaa lIacca

B CBHaB C peaymraraua OnbJTOB YCTaHOBHBIllBX aaBHCHMOCTh

lIaCCLl 3nBKTpOHa OT ero CKOpOCTH MLl HpaTKO HOCHeMCR sonposhyca 0 TaK Ha3LlBaeMOH 3neHTpOMarHHTHOH Macce Yme B 1881 r ~m ~m TOMCOH BLlCHaaaJI H TeOpeTHleCKH 060cHoBan rrpennonomeshyHHe 0 TOM ITO BCR Macca 3neHTpOHa - 3neHTpOMarHIITHorO nposhyacxoamenaa (ho rrpennozrouceaae 6Llno Bnocne~CTBHB nennxoa npashyUlITO H pa3BHTO B oc06eHHOCTH r A Jlopeanesr A Ilyaaaaps bull M A6paraMOM

OCHOBaHHR ~nR raxoro npennoaozseaaa COCTOlIT B cne~YlO~eM

nOHOlI~HHCR 3neKTpOH ofirranaer roznxo 3neKTpOCTaTHleCKHIl

nonex eCJIH iRe era npHBeCTH B ~BHmeHHe TO B03HHRaeT e~eshy

H MarHHTHoe none aa coananae aoroporo uyanro aarparan aeKOTO-

pylO ~06aBOIHYlO patiory 06paTHo eczm OCTaHOBHTb ~BHiRYJllHHCH 3neKTpOH TO MarHHTHoe none ~onmHO npa 3TOM HCle3HYTb Ho HCle3shy

HOBeHHe MarHHTHoro nona no aaaoay HH~yKlJIfH BLl30BeT noasneaae 3neKTpHleCKOrO ~06aBOIHOrO noaa If zrerxo BH~eTb ITO OHO 6y~eT MeTb raxoe aanpannenae ITO 6y~eT CTpeMHTbCR ycxopnrr TOpshy

MOalIIlJHHCH 3neKTpOH Bee rrpoaoxonnr TaR KaK ocaa 6Ll C 1I0JIeM

3JJeKTpOHa 6bJJIa CBHaaHa HeKOTopaH ~06aBOIHaH HHepnHH ll03TOMy

MLl HMeeM npano paccMaTpBBaTb KOJIBleCTBO ~BHmeHlR snexrpoaa RaK CyMMy ~BYX onaraesnax laquo06LlKHOBeHHororaquo BnB MeXaHBleCKoro

ROJJHleCTBa ~BHmeHHH Pm H KOJJBleCTBa ~BBmeHHR QoycnoBneJlshy

11010 anepnaeii nona Pe

P=Pm+Pc no BTOpOMy aaaoay HblOTOHa

F= dp = dp + dpde de de bull

Ho HaMeHeHBe laquoMeXaUBleC(Wroraquo ROJJBleCTBa ~BHmeHBR d~ eCfh

npocTo mmV rne mm - laquoMeXaHBleCRalI Maccaraquo ECJJH MLl npencrashy

BBM B Pe RaR npoaanenenae mel) TO R03laquoplaquopBlJIfeHT me R 6y~eT 3neRTpOMarHBTHOH MaCCOH _

F=(mm+me)~=mv (111) r~e m = mm +me

BeJJHlBHa ~o6aBotJHoH MaCCLl me MomeT 6LlTb JJerKO BbIlHCJJeHR

UpB OUpe~eJJeHHLlX npennoaoaceaaax OTHOCHTenbHO CTpyKTypLl

aaexrpona B caaoa nene 3JJeKTpOH ~BBmY~HHcH co CROpOCTblO V

MOiRHO paccaarpanars RaR 3neRTpBleCRBiI TOR C nnOTHOCTblO tVshy

42 aJIEHTPOH Era 3APR)l If MACCA ern I

Era MarUUTHoe nOJIe B roxae P OTcToHl~eB aa paCCTORHUH r OT

l3JIeHTpOHa 6yneT n09ToMY ) rJJiJ = ev sin f bull

cr QJf)2

IIJlOTHOCTh auepraa aroro rrOJIR ecrr s~ a aaepraa B 9JIeMeHTe

06heMa dlaquo pacnonomeaaoa OROJlO TOIRH P 6yueT

QffJ2 e2v2 sin 2 11 2 dE=-s d-c= s 24 r smampdampdCfJ (112)

~c r ~

)lJIH OTLICRaHHR nOJIHOH SHeprHH CBH3aHHOB C MarHHTHLIM nonex )JOlTyCTHM caasana ITO SJIeltTpOH ecrs maparc panayca 0 H ITO

9JIeRTpHIeCTBO paBHOMepHO paenpeneaeao no ero nOBepXHOCTH

Toma nOJIe aayrpn ltlJIeKTpOHa 6yneT paBHO RyJIIO a BHe eroshy

pacnpeneaeuo CO clflepnIeCROB cHMMeTpHeH n nJIa OTLICKaHHR

DOJIHOH aaepraa MarHHTHOro rrOJIR cnenyer npoaarerpapoaars (112-no scex B03MomHLIM yraax amp n ep H no panayoy-nexropy r- OT r o ~o 00 IhaK HMeeM

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

E=S1oc2 ) 2 ~ dep ~ sin ampdamp=4f C2 ) Sin eza o

ro 0 0 0

HHTerpaJI no amp paBeH3 4

(CM sect 64) OKOHIaTeJIhHO aaxonax

ECJIH nOKOH~HHCR ltlJIeKTpOH non neHcTBHeM nexoropoii nuemshy

BeH CHJILI npanecra B nBMmeHHe co CHOpOCThIO v (MaJIOH no cpasaeshyHHIO co CKOpOCThIO CBeTa) TO pafiora ROTOpyIO npH STOM aeofixoshy

PHMO 6yneT 3aTpaTHTh nOH)JeT He TOJIbRO aa yBeJIUIeHHe RHHeshy

THleC~oli anepr-aa OT 0 no ~ mmv2 HO H na C03naHHe MarHHTHoro

DOJIR C aaepraeii (113) Pe3YJIhTaT CJIenOBaTeJIhHO 6yueT TaKoH

K8K eCJIU 6Id Macca ltlJIeRTpOHa 6LIJIa tiouaue mm IJ06aBOIHaR

Macca me orrpeneJIHTCR H3 yCJIOBHH

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

Peayznrar 9TOT HaR BHnHO H3 npemrnyntero nonysea na OClIOshy

BaHHH npennOJIOaeHHR 0 nOBepxHOCTHOM pacnpeneJIeHHH SJIeRTpHshy

) Ca aanpaaep P E e K K e p TeopHH weKTpHIeCTBa T II CTp 43 Iocrexaaga r 191t1

43 sect 11 3JIEHTPOMArHHTHAH MACCA

xecrna Ilpa npyrax npennonoareaaax nOJIyqalOTClI HeCHOJIbHO ()TJIHqHLIe peaynsraru Hanpaaep B CJIyqae nonymenaa 06beMshyHOrO pacnpeneneuaa lIO cqiepe panayca r BLIqHCJIeHHe naero

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

KaH yzae 6LIJIO caaaaao B nasane paaBHTHH 3JIeHTpoHHoil TeoshypHH nOJIyqHJIO mapoxoe npaaaanae npennoaoaeeaae 0 TOM qTO 6CR xacca 3JIeHTpOHa - 3JIeHTpOMarHHTHoro rrpoacxoameaaa T e ITO mm= 0 H me= m 8TO npennonozsenae HaH HaaaJIOCb nonshyTBepiRrtaJIOCb TeM qTO qiopMyJIa rtJIlI aaSHCHMOGTH MaCCLI OT CHOshypOCTH HailrteHHaR JIopeHIJeM aa OCHOBallHH rHnOTeaLI 0 qHCTO 3JIenTpOMarHHTHOH npapone MaCCLI

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

JJaeT peaynsrarra XOpOIIIO nO)lTBepiR)laeMLIe OnLITOM O)lHaHO lTOT apryaear B HaCTOllIIJee BpeMlI He MOiReT cxararrca y6eAHTeJIbHLIM Tan HaH Ha TeopHH OTHOCHTeJIbHOCTH CJIe)lyeT ITO ~ro6aR Macca HeaaBHCHMO OT ee npOHCXOiR)leHiIlI )lOJIiRHa aaaacers OT CHOpOCTIiI no qiopMyJIe (116) Il05ToMy aa roro qiaHTa ITO 4)opMyJIa (116) nonrnepamaerca onLITOM aaxaxax aaxmoseaaa 0 npOIiICXOil(rteHHH liaCCLI 5JIeRTpOHa cnenarr HeJIball

Ilpennorroxreaae 0 TOM ITO BClI Macca 5JIeRTpoHa 06yCJIOBJIeHa ero 5JIeRTpOMarHHTHLIM nOJIeM nOaBOJIlIeT BLIqHCJIHTb TaR uaasrsaeshyliLIit laquoHJIaccHqecRHli panaycraquo 5JIeHTpoHa lDopMyJILI (114) H (115) AalOT COOTBeTCTBeHHO )lJIlI nonepxaocraoro H 06beMBOrO pacnpeshy)leJIeHIiIH aapH)la

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e (115)r o= 1) -mca bull

06a BLIpaiRemUI MaJIO OTJIHqalOTCH rtpyr OT npyra ) IlOCROJIbRy

) HeTpyJJHO y6eJJRTbclI B TOM lTO MKHHMalIbHaH BelIKlIma epaaaycas IIOKOHmerOCH 31IeKTpOHa COBMeCTHMalI C rRIIOTeaOR 0 1KCTO 31IeKTpHIecKoM

1 e2 bullbull IIPORCXOlRJJeHHK MaCChi ecrs -2 -2 B caMOM JJeJIe HanplIlReSHOCTb 3JIeKTpOshy

mc CTaTRIeCKOrO IIOJIH TOleIHOrO aapnna eors

e ~ =72

llOJJHaH 3HeprKH uoJIH paBHa

E=~ ~2d8~ )

UJIII BhIIIIClIeHKII E lIOuyCTHM OUIITb ITO aapan paCIIOlIOlReH aa DOBepXHOCTII ciflephl panayca a Iorna BHyTpH ciflephl ~ paBHO Hymo II ~VIIl BhIIIICJIeHIIII

44 3J1EHTPOH Ero 3APR)l J( )lACeA ErJr 1

mo6J1e lIlnOTe8LI 0 CTpyRType anexrpoaa noxaeme COBepmeBBO npOB3BOJlLBH 1l0JRHO aoofime He ClJBTaTLCH C MHomHTemUDI

nopanxa f (T e OlID ) D nOlIYlJBTL ~JJH r CJJeUYIOmee

DpOCToe lIypameURe

QRclIeHHoe 3HalJeHDe r BLIlJRCJJHeMOe no ltgtOpMylIe (117) 06 lillJHO B Ha3LIBaeTCH (RnaCCHlJeCRBIol pa~DycoMraquo 3JIeRTpoBa Hait~e)l ero BenBlJOHY

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

Ilpauoro 3RcnepOMeHTaJILHOrO MeTo~a onpeneaeaaa cpanayca 3J1eRTpOHa) He cymecrayer I1MeIOTcH O~HaRO ltgtaRTLI YRa3L1BaJO- mae aa TO ITO laquoaltgtltgteRTHBHoe CelJeBDeraquo aJIeRTpOHa ofiaapyaeashyaaoxoe OM nanpaaop npB B3aBMo~eitcTBHH CO CBeTOM - nopanxa7 TaR aanpaaep reopaa pacceanaa peHTreHoBcRBX JIylJen CBOshy60~HLlIlO anearpoaaaa npBBo~BT R BhIpameHHIO ~nH altgtltgteRTBBshyBoro CelJeHBH aneurpoaa (CM sect 32)

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

Tea He ueHee npe~CTaBJIeHBe 06 aJIeRTpOHe RaR 06 meHTpHIeCHOli aapsne 3aHDMaIOmeM 061gteM panaycox nopanaa 70 HBHO HeCOCTORshyTelILHO 8TO caenyer yme D3 roro ITO CDJILI yneprsaaajomae 3TOT 3apH~ B ROHelJBOM 061gteMe He MoryT 6L1Th TOJIhRO 3JIeRTpOMarHHTshyBLIMO B caMOM ~eJIe npa OTCyTCTBDD ~pyrDx CDJI nOMHMO 3JIeRTpOshyMarHBTHhIX 3JIeRTpOH He MOl 6hI coxpaaarr CBOIO YCTOHlJHBOCTL 113aBMHoe 3JIeRTpOCTaTBlJeCROe OTTaJIRBBaHBe lJaCTeH JII06L1M otipaaox

BOJIHOH 9HeprHH noarr aarerpaposanae no r CJIe~yeT BblnOJIHHTL (HaM a eTp 42) OT a ~o 00

21 11 00 S

E = C ( dP sin l ze r t = e bull 811 ~ J ) r 2a

o 0 a CorJl8CHO Teops OHOCBTeJlLHOCTB (CM sect 61) JIlo60il 8HeprHH E COOTBeTcTByeT

lJ Macca (l nOlroMY sootime roaopn

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

~onYCM8R ITO laquoMeX8I1BIeCHaRraquo MClcca m = 0 noaysaea

a= 2mc

ea 1 ea Ecaa m =1=0 TO agt limeS HT8K 2 mca ecrt ~eHCTBBTeJILHO HHIRHHH npe-

AeJl laquopaAUlcaamp aJI6H7pOHa

i 11 aREHTPOMArHHTHAH MACCA 45

pacnpeneaeaaoro sapana B 06beMe nopanaa (10-13r~ HeaoIHyeMhIM

ltl6pa30M pOJImHO 6hIJIO 6hI II B30pBaTIraquo meRTpOH

M3 9Toro CJI~pyeT ~TO PJIH paBHOBeCHH 9JIeRTpOHa He06xopHMO

nOUyCTHTI cymecrnoaaaae npyrax CHJI RpOMe 9JIeRTpOMarHHTHhIx

A B TaROM cnyaae H Macca 9JIeRTpOHa He MomeT 6hITI ~eJIHROM ofiycnoshysneaa saepraea 9JIeRTpOMarHHTHoro nOJIH Cnenyer 3aMeTHTI Bo06~e TIO np06JIeMa npaponsr 9JIeRTpOHa eCTI O[Ha 113 TpYPHeHIllllX

H e~e nepemeaaux np06JIeM COBpeMeHHOH TeopeTH~eCROH ltpH3HRH

Aony~eHHe xoaesaoro panayca 9JIeRTpOHa He MomeT 6hITI cornashycouano C Tpe60BaHIIHMH reopan OTHOCHTeJIIHOCTH a npencraanenae o TOQeqHOM 9JIeRTpOHe BepeT R ppyrHM CePIe3HhIM 3aTpY[HeHHflM

TaK KaR npH ro~O c06CTBeHHaH 9HeprHH 9JIeRTpOHa - CTpeMHTCHro

K 6eCROHe~HOCTH PaCCMOTpeHHe OTHOCH~HXCH CIOpa BonpOCOB BhIXOshy

)lRT aa paMRH HaCTOH~eH RHHrH ) XOTH TaRHM 06pa30M CBe[eHHe eceii MaCChI 9JIeRTpOHa Ilt 9JIeRTpOshy

MarHHTHOH Macce He MomeT- C~HTaFICH onpannaaasm HeCOMHeHHO

~TO ~aCTI ero MaCChI-9JIeRTpOMarHIITHoro rrpoacxoaoteaaa OTRphITHe 9JIeRTpOHa yCTaHOBJIeHHe y Hero 9JIeKTpOMarHlITHOH

MaCChI H 3aBHCHMOCTH MaCChI OT CIWpOCTH HaROHe~ pOHa3aTeJIICTBO

roro ~TO 9JIeHTpOHhI HBJIHIOTCH COCTaBHOH ~aCTIIO ncex aTOMOB

Be~eCTBa-Bce9TH HOBhIe ltpaRThI OTHphIThIe B HOHIJe XIX H B aaxane XX CTOJIeTHH npOH3BeJIH na cOBpeMeHHHHoB Bne~aTJIeHHe nOJIHOH

lIOMKlI causrx OCHOBHhIX npHH~IInOB na HOTOphIX nOHOHJIOCI anaaae ltp1I3HKH hOH JIOMHOH HeMepJIeHHO BOCnOJII30BaJIHCI ltpHJIOC0ltphIshy

Hl-eaJIlICThI 06bHBHBillHe 0 (ltHpH3HCe ltpH3HHHraquo 06 laquoHCQe3HOBemUI

Ma-cepHHraquo H laquoxpaxe MaTepHamI3Maraquo JIeHHH B CBOeM reHHaJIIHOM

np01l3Be[eHHH laquo~aTepHaJIH3M II 9MnHpHOHpHTH~H3Mraquo nO[Bepr yHHshy

~TomaIO~eH HpHTHHe 9TH YTBepm[eHHfL OH nOKa3aJI ~TO HOBhIe

OTlphITHH B ltpH3HHe na caMOM nene HBJIHIOTCH HpHHM nozrmepzsneshyHHeM pHaJIeHTH~ecHoro MaTepHaJIH3Ma laquoMaTepHH Hc~e3aeTshy

nnnrer JIeHHH-9TO 3Ha~HT acneaaer TOT npenen [0 xoroporo MhI 3HaJIH MaTepHIO PO CHX nop Halle 3HaHHe H[eT rJIy6me Hc~e3aIOT

Talme CBOHCTBa MaTepHH xoropsro Ha3aJIHCI paasnre a6COJIIOTHhIMH

HeH3MeHHhIMHnepBOHa~aJIIHhIMH(HenpOHHnaeMOCTIHHep~HHMacca H T n) II xoropao reneps 06HapymHBaIOTCH HaH OTHOCHTeJIIshy

mre npHCY~He TOJIIHO HeHOTophIM COCTOHHHHM MaTepHH 1160

eouuemeeunoe CBOHCTBO MaTepHH C npH3HaHHeM rcoroporo CBH3aa

qgtHJIOCOltpCHHH MaTepHaJIH3M eCTI CBOHCTBO 6bzmb o6gtemU8lfoil peaseuocntuo cymecrnoaarr BHe aamero C03HaHHflraquo )

) Ilonpofiaee CM A- 11 B a II e H 1 0 H A C 0 1 0 JI 0 B Hna~lIqec1afl T90pHfI nOJIfI (HOBIIe rrp06JIeMhI) rJI IV sect 30 Iocrexaanav 19 9

j B 11 JI e H H H Ma-repaanaax 11 ~MnHptlO1pIITIU~JlaM cJp 243 rocshytlollflTH3ga T 1948

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

Ilpensmyntaa r-nana 6MJIa nOCBII~eHa aroay OTpHnaTeJIhHOrO

3JIeHTpH~IeCTBa-imeHTpoHy-HaH O~~HOtt H3 BaiImettmHx 3JIeMeHTapshy

HUX TJaCTBD MhI pacCMOTpeJIH gOHaSaTeJIhCTBa peaJIhHOCTH 3JIeHTpOHa

a TaHiIW uenocpeztcmeamae onpeneneaaa BCJIHTJHHhI ero sapana

H MaCChI B nacroamen raane MhI nepexonaa I paCCMOTpeHHIO aTOMOB

aenrecraa )]OHaSaTeJIhCTBa peaJIhHOCTH aTOMOB necsjaa paaaoofipaama

II xopomo HSBeCTHhI HS 3JIeMeHTapHhIX HypCOB epHSHHH H XHMHII

noaroxy MhI He 6ygeM OCTaHaBJIHBaThCII na 3THX gOHaSaTeJIhCTBaX

II cocpenoro-mx BHHMaHHe npezane ncero na BaiHHeiImeiI xapanrepashy

CTHHe aTOMa -ero Macce

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26 Fe 27 Co 36 Kr20 Ca 21 se 81 Ga 35 Br82 Ge 83 As19 K 22 Ti 28 V 124 cr 25 Mn 34 se28 Ni 129 Cn 80 Zo 5585 58944510 4790 5095 5201 5493 6972 8373g096 4008 7491 799167260 7896-~69 6357 6538

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1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

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CJIenYIOrnlIll qeTBepThIll nepaorr UaqIIUaIOIIJlIllCH RaJIlIeM aashyRJIIOqaeT yme ue 8 a 18 8JIeMeUTOB TaR RaR CJIenYIOrnlIll aa RaJIlIeM rneJIOqUOll MeTaJIJI-py61InlIll-CTOIIT yme na 37-M MeCTe 3a py61IshynlIeM cnenyer UOBhIll 60JImOll nepnon raroxe COCTOHrnlIll aa 18 8JIeshyMeUTOB II aaRaUqlIBaIOrnlIllCH na 54-M MeCTe 6JIaroponuhIM raaosr RceUOUOM IlaJIee CUOBa lIneT menouaon MeTaJIJI uealIll (M 55) ROTOphIll orxpraaaer caMhIll nJIIIUUhIll nepnon conepmarnlIll 32 8JIeshyMeUTa Cpen1I 8TlIX 32 8JIeMeUTOB OC06yIO rpynny o6paaYIOT CJIenyIOshymae aa JIaUTaUOM 14 8JIeMeUTOB OT 58-ro no 71-ro-penRlIe aeMJIII IIJIII (ltJIaUTaUIInhIraquo -06JIanaIOrnlIe CTOJI 6JIlIaRlIMlI XIIMlIqeCRIIMH CBollcTBaMII qTO paanenenae IIX npencrannaer nJIH XIIMIIRa oqeu TPynUYIO aana-ry I1Meuuo BCJIenCTBlIe 8TOll 6JIlIaOCTlI XIIMlIqeCRIIX CBOHCTB JIaUTaUlInOB B Ta6JIIIue lIM yneneua onaa RJIeTRa a necr pan npIIBonIITCH OTneJIUO IIOCJIenulIll nopaon oTRphIBaIOIIJlIllCH 87-M 8JIeMeUTOM COCTOIIT na ueycTOllqlIBhIX ecrecrneano-panaoanranshyUhIX 8JIeMeUTOB CaMhIll THmeJIhIll aa BCTpeqaIOIIJIIXCH B rrpapone 8JIeMeUToB-ypau (N~ 92)-no uenaBuero npeueaa 6hIJI II nOCJIenuIIM 8JIeMeUTOM rrepaona-recxon CIICTeMhI B nocnenaae ronu ormaxo ynanocr ncnyccrnemro nonyaarr xertape 60JIee THmeJIhIX-laquoTpaUCshyypaaonraxa-e-ane aenra N~N~ 93-96 Hccnenonanae IIX XIIMlIqeCRIIX CBOllCTB II nepecsrorp XIIMlIqeCRIIX CBOllCTB npenmecTBYIOIIJIIX 8JIeshyMeUTOB nplIBeJIII R aaRJIIOqeUIIIO qTO CJIenYIOIIJlIll aa aRTIIUlIeM (eM 89) 8JIeMeUT TOplIll (N~ 90) orxpranaer rpynny 6JIlIaRlIX no XIIMlIqeCRIIM CBOllCTBaM 8JIeMeUTOB-(ltaRTIIUIIn0Braquo rrorrofiayio rpynne penxoaeaeasnux MeTaJIJIOB -laquoJIaUTaUIInOBraquo

3UaqlITeJIuo 60JIee pacrrpocTpaueuuoll HBJIHeTCH npyraH ~opMa eCTeCTBeUUOll CIICTeMhI 8JIeMeUTOB-Ta6JIlIua C ROPOTRlIMII nepaonaxa (Ta6JIIIua III aa CTp 53) Ee rJIaBUhIM npeaaymecrnoa HBJIHeTCH ROMnaRTuocT uenOCTaTOR B TOM qTO pacnpeneneaae scex 8JIeshyMeUTOB B BoceM rpynn ocyrneCTBJIHeTCH nOBOJIUO IICRyccTBeuUhIM rryTeM BBeneUIIH nonr-pyrm II laquoTplIanraquo (B VIII rpynne)

sect 14 Gnpeneaeaae HCTIIHHhIX Macc aTOMOB MeTOfj rrapaooJI

I1a npernrnyrnero na par-patpa cnenyer qTO onpeneneaae IICTIIUshyUhIX a ue cpennax aTOMUhIX Macc HBJIHeTCH oqeu BamUOll aanasea HalI60JIee TOqUhIe COBpeMeUUhIe onpeneneaaa aTOMUhIX sracc ocnoshyBaUUhIe IICRJIIOqIITeJIUO na paesusuu uacc IIUnIIBIInyaJIuhIx aTOMOB II ue aanacamae OT RaRIIX 6hI TO lIlI 6hIJIO npyrnx IIX CBOllCTB ocymeshyCTBJIHIOTCH npn nOMOrn1I OTHJIOUeUIIH IIOUOB paananmrx raaon B 8JIeRshyTplIqeCRIIX II MarUIITUhIX nOJIHX Bnepsue TaRoll MeTon 6hIJI npennoshymeu Ilm Ilm TOMCOUOM

ECJIII B xarone paapannoa Tpy6HII pa6OTaIOIIJell npa rromoaeashyHOM naBJIeUIIII (COThIe nOJIII MM Hg) cnenarr OTBepCTlIe TO IIOUhI HanpaBJIHIOrnlIeCH R xarozry npoxonar xepea 8TO OTBepCTlIe H ofipashyaYIOT aa HaTonOM nOTOK JIyqell aaasmaearax naHal106b~MU 9TlI xaaashy

sect 14] OIIPEIlEJIEHI1E I1CTI1HHhIX MACC ATOMOB METOIl IIAPAEOJI 55

JIOBhIe JIylJlI COCTOHT rro npeaaymecray aa rrOJIOiKlITeJIbHhIX 1I0HOB

Tex raaoa OCTaTIlI HOTOphIX HaxonHTCH B paapanaon rpyfixe B IIX

COCTaB BXOnHT B MeHbmeM lJlICJIe TaHme HeitTpaJIbHhIe lJaCTIIIIhI

II orpanaremnsre 1I0HhI BoaHIIHaIOmlIe npn peHOM6I1HaIIIIHX rrOJIOshy

iKlITeJIbHhIX 1I0HOB II 3JIeHTpOHoB B rrpOCTpaHCTBe aa HaTonOM

Meron TOMcoHa rrOaBOJIHeT onpeneaarr OTHOCIITeJIbHhIe MaCChI

OTneJIbHhIX lJaCTIIII BXOnHIIIIIX B COCTaB ny-rxa HaHaJIOBhIX JIylJeii

CJIenYIOmIIM 06paaOM RaHaJIOBhIe JIylJlI rrOJIYlJaIOTCH rryTeM rrpoxoshy

iKneHIIH 1I0HOB xoropsre BoaHIIHaIOT II yCHOpHIOTCH B paapanaoa

PRe 21 Cxena MeTOAa napafion

rpyfine xepea HaHaJI K (pnc 24) nJIIIHOIO B 2 CM II naaaerposr B 01 MM

BJIaronapH 3HalJlITeJIbHOH nJIIIHe HaHaJIa rrylJOH rrOJIylJaeTCH rrOlJTII

rrapamleJIbHhIM OH coneparar lJaCTIIIIhI pa3JIlIlJHhIX aaepran BrrJIOTb

no MaHCIIMaJIbHOii onpeneaaexoa aarrpmaenaex na rpytiae IIylJOH

HaHaJIOBhIX lJaCTIIII nonnepraerca 3aTeM neHcTBIIIO nonepesnux rroJIeii -3JIeHTplllJeCHOrO II MarHIITHoro nanpa BJIeHHhIX rrapaJIJIeJIbHO

IIJIII aararrapaaneasuo Ilpa 3TOM aapaaeeaarae lJaCTIIIIhI OTHJIOHHIOTCH

3JIeHTplllJeCHlIM II MarHIITHhIM rrOJIHMII BO B3allMHO nepneaztaxyaapmrx lIarrpaBJIeHIIHX II HaH MhI BIIneJIII B sect 10 eCJIII nyxox COCTOIlT

113 lJaCTIIII onaaaxonoa MaCChI 1I0 pa3JIlIlJHhIX cxopocrea TO 3JIeHTpllshy

lJeCHOe II MarHIITlIoe rrOJIH pa3BepThIBaIOT ero TaH ITO nanaa aa 4JJIyoshy

peCIIlIpYIOIIIIIM 3HpaH rrOCTaBJIeHHhIM nepneanaxyaapao H nepnoshyHalJaJIbHOMY HarrpaBJIeHIIIO rrylJHa IIJIII Ha 4JOTOrrJIaCTIIHHy OH OCTashy

BJIHeT CJIen B BIIne OTpe3Ha napafiorna 60JIee nonpotiao 1I306paiKeHshy

HOM na pac 25 Ilycrr 3JIeHTplllJeCHOe OTHJIOHeHlIe 6yneT aanpaaneao rro OCII x

a MarHIITHoe-rro OCII z Torna HaH 6hIJIO rrOHa3aHO B sect 10 MeiKny

56 ATOMbI 1I30TOIlbI [rJI II

Z 1I X )]OJIiRHO nMeTl MeCTO COOTHomeHne

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

r)]e A 1I B-nocToHHHhIe npafiopa (CM sect 4) 113 (101) noaysaea

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

Оглавление13

Предисловие ко второму изданию

Из предисловия к первому изданию

Глава IЭлектрон его заряд и масса

Глава II Атомы Изотопы

Глава IIIЯдерное строение атома

Глава IVРентгеновские лучи и их применение к определению атомных констант

Глава VСтроение атома и классическая физика Классическая механика и строение атома

Глава VIИзлучение абсолютно черного тела и гипотеза квантов энергии13

Глава VIIУровни Энергии атомов

Глава VIIIСпектральные серии и уровни энергий водородного атома13

Глава IXСветовые кванты13

Глава XВолны и частицы

Глава XIУравнение Шредингера13

Приложения13

Предметный указатель13

~-~i~ ~gt

y ~5391(PH) 13-5-2

Pena irrop B A Jleumoeuee TexB penaurop H R MypalU08Q

llOiDacaRO H neqaTa 8IX - 15X 1949 r 3275 ne-r n 3554 yq-aSII ~ 43400 THD 3R B nex aacre A-11755middot7IX 1949 r Tarall( 20000 SHl

neBa HBara 12 p 45 H nepexmeT 2 p Baxaa N 1500

16-11 TiluorpacllHII rnaBnonnrpaltIJaSlJaTa npa COBeTe MaBacTpOB CCCP 40CHBft TpXDPYlJBLlA nep 9

OrJIABJIEHHE

4 OrJIABJIEHHE

orJIABJIEHHE

n a a a aTOMa

OrJIABJIEHHE

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

OrJIABJIEHHE

4 OrJIABJIEHHE

orJIABJIEHHE

n a a a aTOMa

OrJIABJIEHHE

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

4 OrJIABJIEHHE

orJIABJIEHHE

n a a a aTOMa

OrJIABJIEHHE

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

orJIABJIEHHE

n a a a aTOMa

OrJIABJIEHHE

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

OrJIABJIEHHE

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

8 ITPElIHCJIOBHE

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

nPErJMCJIO BilE 9

HHlIrll

MexaHIIHa

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

10 nPE~HCJlOllBE

MOCHBa 19~~ 1

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

fJIABA I

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

_F (11)~-N I

2F 2e= N

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

c -~j~l~

f F=67t~avg (21) ~ I

-mg==6ltYjavg (22)

OTHYAa 3 J2V 12

1- fCV2 YJ32 e = 9y 2 II I(vg +vE) (25)

~(a-p) 2 g 2

xanaa 0Ha 6YAel

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

_ 1 i - 1rv~2y12 e1 - 9 V 2 ~ 11 11 (Va +VB)

(a-p) 2g 2

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

_- -C ~

n( s~--~

Ta6JIIInaI

RHnone -1 ---1r1

1B (B cex)

80708 001236

22375 00470

14056 000719

0012579600

34785 002870

n1E IE

(j00323

7003751

0005348 1

3001616

nepeaashy

1 (rUl)ill I~-IE

0005390

0005358

000538

0005387

009055 18 +6

012887 24 -7

009138

009673 18 +3

011289 21

1 (aflll~) n ig+iB

0005366

0005371

0005375

0005374

0005376

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

RBJIeHHM

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

1+ A-a

(VE+Vg )- ge- (a - p)I2l l2 ~(1+A~Y2 (32)

- (1+ A ~Y2 HnH

e~3 ( 1+ A ~ ) = e23bull

e~3 (1 + a) = e23 (33)

~B = 0000617 l

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

sect I

500100ZOO I 300100

75f----+---+7shy

80--------

po Pac 4

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

F = eG+-[vX] (41)c

mv = e [vXJ oTRy)]a

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

-- [ (V)2J1 2 [ 1 (V)2 JV = 11 v~ + v = Vx 1+ ~ = Vx 1+2 v + Vx

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

Z = ~v ~ dx ~ Q8 dx o 0

A - ~ $J (l-x) dx (47) o

z=A~ (48)mv

A=a (l - -i-) $8

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

ev(jJJ = mv 2

OTRylJ1l mv 1

(49)P=eQff)

d2z m dt 2-=e~ (410)

3aMelaH ITO

d 2z a d

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

IIJlH npa l=b

d2x m dt 2 =e~ (51)

dv m dt =e~ (51)

d (mv2 ) (52)dt T = e~l)

d (mv~ d~ )d (mv2

oTHy)]a

-2- + eep = const (53)

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

CJIyqae

m~ ~ 2 =300 bull (54 )

pOHOB panaa

= 230410~ liaaMoab-1 =

v=v m150 =593107 V V BOJIbT (55)

uBYX naparpa-pax

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

J +~ IJ_ shy

-1111111111+ 8

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

_ 11111 + t---- l -----I

nonnencaropon

PIIC 10

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

(54)-2-

e v2 2j2l2 (72)m =2)7= n2V bull

F=e [vXJ

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

n r~ bull

PRe 11 Cxeua MeTOna

_otLJ mvp

evp2ll = - I P

oTRyna vp

p= -- GJC m

t= 2~P= ~ (82) vp Qj(

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

21tV COS (X

l=vtt (83)e-ge m

1= 21tV (84e - amp1fJ m

l e v= 2--J1fJ

mv2 =eV (54

(85m - Q7(2l2

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

mHm=18375

poAHoro aTOMa

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

mvsevrf18 - e~ = - (91)

~ evrf18 - e~ = 0 II V = rJJe ~ (92)

MarHWTHhIM nOJIeM

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

AB = ptx2 bull

dV I~ I= dp bull

dV- mv2

e d = -- (93)

d 1 dV P=2Vo

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

oTHy~a

V k = 2V In ~ (94)o Pi

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

z=A~mv

ex==Bshya middot mv

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

~2 AS e (101) ~I

~ -=Bm ~Il

- =K = constS m TO

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

v cMcelgt

2591010 097107

283101 0 063107

3 1 (1 + ~a 1 - ~ ) m = mo 4 J T In 1 + ~ - 1

m=~o_ yT_ ~2

-yJIaMH

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

I~gtII~~

~yc na At = 21t~V

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

mvB =evd18 (103) f

BaRBIO

raquo (92---- Q1e

m = clltz

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

HOH TeXHHHB

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

cr QJf)2

~c r ~

00 2 e2v2

dr 3 e2v2 bull 3

ro 0 0 0

1 1_ 1 ev 2

mev --3~ ~ roc

crrcyna

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

2 e (115)me = -5 -2 bull roc

m o (116) m= V1-(~Y

(114)r O = 3 mc2

e ~ =72

E=~ ~2d8~ )

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

DpOCToe lIypameURe

e e 480 10-10 176 107 = 28 10-18 CM7 _ c me = 3 1010

811 ( e2)2 811 2 dege=-3- mes = 3 roo

21 11 00 S

m=mm+Ci=m+ 2acs

a= 2mc

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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V 11 I I

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-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

fJIABA 11

ATOMbI H30TOIlbI

sect 12 Bnenenae

rJIa2Ymiddot

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

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V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

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--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

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T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

aexoropsre epaRThI

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

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V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

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I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

IIJIOTHOCTb

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

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V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

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I II I I t

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--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

middot~ _- J

~ 170 ltiii IGO

gt~ ISO

J1moMHIJIU HJJfIl -

1 PlltlUOaKRlU l~ l

H618 IIIeUecRl1l

raquo 7

~ ---Ir 1)Te-J

~ It V it ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

gtI -I-- -

~ f-~~ of7 ~~

~ l OAr- ~~ M~ ~~-~~ ~~ ~~~t l7

V 11 I I

a B muelJLcRIIA T I

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

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cgt - ltgt

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L d ~ l ~gt

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I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

= ~ -shy ----shy --0--- - l

ca _--shy --~ ~~

f4~~ ~ ~ ~ = ~

~J5gtlt

~~j ~ gtshy J1ll

cgt - ltgt

~~ CIl

L d ~ l ~gt

~ tsshy~ ~

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

I II I I t

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

-- ---

--- -- ---- ----- ---

--- -- -- ------- -- ---

------ ------

---- ------ -- ----- ------ --------- -----

--- ---

T~a 6)i H Da it 2 Het H 4003t0080 -

5 B 6 C 7 N 10 Ne804 Be 9F8Li 120101082 20183902 14008 16LOCV6940 19000

18 Ax14 Si 12 Mg 13 Al 15 P 17 CI 16 S11 No 2697 399442806 354572432 3098 320622997

---shy

La I--- --shy

90-96 87 Fr 88 Ra 89 Ac CII

22605223 22705 X~Q

69 Tn1694

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

3 Li 9 F 5 B 4 Be 6 C 10 Ne 7 N 802 6940 1082902 2011312010 14008 160000 19000

39096 510gt008 5585 5894 58695~93gt790 5095 52014

5 54 Xe49 In 50 Sn 47 A~ 48 Cd 51 Sb 53 J52 Te

107880 11241 131311gt76 11870 12176 middot12761 12692

1972 20439 20900 2222072120061 210 211 -

87 Fr 89 Ac 88 Ra7 223 2270522605

58-71 ]58 Ce 1 59 Pr r60 Nd 61 Pm 162 Sm 1

63 Eu 164 Gd 1

PHll~Ta- HO13 14092 14427 15043 1520 1569 1592 16246 16494 1672 1694 17301 17499 I

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

Z2 A2 e (101)=Sm

Z2 - m = IiA2

x (141)

Pile 25

Documents

Шпольский Э.В. Атомная Физика. Том 1. Введение в Атомную Физику (2-е Издание, 1949)