1. 1 2. 2 3. -1 3 4. -2 4 5. 5 6. 100 68 48 12 20 16 20 16 6 7. ? 7 8. 12 5 3~4 (97-53~56) 17 8 9. 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 000111043511026789685131102511202112 1 9 10. (99-31~32) (99-65~66) (97-11) (97-13~14) (97-16) (99-29) (98-27~28) (97-42)(98-24) (99-43~48) (99-68)(97-55~56) (98-43~44) (99-39) 10 11. 11 12. 12 13. 13 14. 14 15. , 15! 16. CO CO22CO CO SO22 SO33SO SONOxx NO (CxxHyy) CFC (C H ) CFC 16 17. ( ) ( ) 17 18. (Ca2+Mg2+) (HCO3 )) (HCO3 (SO42 )) (Cl )) (SO42 (Cl 18 19. 19 20. 20 21. 1. n 2n2 2. 2,8,8. 3. 21 22. 22 23. M = M1X1 + M2X2 + 35 Cl( 75.77 ) 37 Cl( 24.23 ) 34.9775.77 36.9724.23 35.4523 24. 12.0 12C 6.02 1023 1 1mol 6.021023 1 = 1 , 1 = 1 () 6.02 10 23 = (mol)= 24 25. C%C%M(mol/L)M(mol/L) ppm ppm100 100 1 1 mg/L 25 mol/L 26. CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) aq s.l.g. 26 27. aq s.l.g. 27 28. C2H5OH+ O2 CO2 + H2O C H C 1C2H5OH+ O2 2 CO2 + H2O C2H5OH H 1C2H5OH+ O2 2 CO2 + 3H2O O O 1+x=4+3 x=628 1C H OH+ 3O 2 CO + 3H O 29. = 29 30. H++OH--H22OH++OH H O 30 31. pH [H+]=10-pHpH= log [H+]25 [H +] [OH-][H +] [OH-] 10- [H +] [OH-][H ] 10 M+-7 7M[H +] 10-7M[OH-] 10-7M[OH-] 10-7MpH 7PH 7 pH 7 [H +][OH-] 10-14M2 31 32. 20 20 60 60 200 175 300 250 400 >300 32 33. Zn(s)Zn2+(aq) 2e- Cu2+(aq) 2e-Cu(s) 33 34. ( ) ( )( ) 1.5 1.5 1.35 3.034 35. ( ) ( ) ( 2.0 ) 1.2 1.2 3.635 36. 36 37. H HH H (PE) C CC Cn H HH H HH H H ( CH2CH ) (PP)CH2 CH CC CC n nCHCH3 CH3 H 3 CH3 H HHHH CC C Cn(PVC) Cl H Cl H CHH CH2HH H( CH2CH ) C CC C nn H(PS) H F FF F C CC C n (Teflon)F F FF 37 38. 38 39. 39 40. (nm)() 10 3000020 5400040 2 25080 1 30 99 40 41. (99 ) (98 ) 41 42. 42