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אאאא––11
120120
א אא J1 120
א،אא،،W
אאאאאאאאאאאאאא،אאאא
אאאאאאאאאא؛אא
אאK אאאאאאא
אא،אא،אאאאאאא
אאא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאא
،אאאא،אאאK אא?אא–1???
אאאאאאאאK אאאאאאא
אאא،א،אאאאאאK
אאאא؛אK
אאאא
אאאא
אאאאJJ11
א
א
1
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 1 -
אאWאא
אאWאאאאאאאאK
אאW אאאW
1 J אא 2 J א 3 J א
4 J א
5 J אא
אאW6
אאW
אאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 2 -
אא
אא Medical Terminology
W
אאאאKאאאKאאאK
אאאאאאKאאאK
אאאאאאאKא،אא
אK אאאאא
אאא،אK
אאאאW
1 JאAnalyze Words Structurally אאאאFToolsEאאא
K
אאאWאFRootsE،אFSuffixesEא،FPrefixesEאא،F(Combining Vowels
אFCombining FormsKEא
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 3 -
אא،אאK
F1WE GASTROENTEROLOGY
אGastr FStomach E א،Enter FIntestine Eא ،Logy א F F EProcess of Study Eאא،O
אאאWFEאאאK
F2WE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
אElectFElectricityEא،CARDIאFHeartEא،Gram
FRecordE א א ،Oא א ، א אWאFאאKE
GASTR / O / ENTER / O / LOGY
א
ELECTR / O / CARDI/ O / GRAM
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 4 -
F3WE
HEMATOLOGY
אHEMATאFBloodEא،LOGY אFEא،אO אאאWאאK
F4WE
SUBGASTRIC
،GASTR אSUBFUnderEا FStomachEא،IC FPertainingEאא،WאK
2 JאFWord ElementsEאFAnatomyE
אFPhysiologyEאFDiseaseEאא،אאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאFHepatitisEאF- itisEאFHepatE
؟אאא؟א 3 JאאאFSpellingEFPronunciationE،א
HEMAT / O / LOGY
SUB / GASTR / IC
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 5 -
אאאאאאא،FIliumEFIleumEאאא
FIliumEאFPelvisEאאFhipboneEאFIleumEאא،אא
א،אW J
hepat / oma
א
hemat / oma
אK
אאאאאאאאK
EאאBasic Word Structure אאאאKא
אאאא،GastralgiaאOphthalmologistאK
א א א א אאא ،א א א
א: -
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 6 -
1 - F( Word root
FEא Foundation of The Word
W/ ic
) Stomach(
2 J Suffix אWord Ending
W gastr/ gastr /
FPertaining toEאFInflammationE 3 J Prefix
אWord begining
W / gastr / ic / gastr / ic
FacrossEFaboveE
4 JCombining Vowel אאFOEאאW
itis ic
trans epi
gastr
ELECTR / O / CARDI/ O / GRAM
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 7 -
5 JאCombining Form א
/ gram
Eאאא،Combining Forms Suffixes and Prefixes
אאאgastr / o cardi / oאאFlistEא
אאאאאK 1- אCombining Form
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
א
omaaden oma
itisaden אitis
FEgland aden/o
אא itisarthr FEjoint arthr/o
אא biology
אlogy FElife bi /o
omaCarcin FE
Cancerous Carcin/o
אא ologyCardi FEheart Cardi/o
icCephal
ic FEhead Cephal/o
alCerebr
al FE
brain Cerebr/o
incision FEto cut Cis/o
o/ cardi
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 8 -
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
ionאin
אioncisex ex J
F אאE
endocrine glands אEndo FESecrete Crin/o
א Cytology Cell Cyt/o
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FECombining
Form
א hypodermic
hypo J Skin derm/o
אא dermatosisOsis J
Skin dermat/o
אא
ocardiogramelectr gram
electricity electr/o
אא
gramencephaloelectro brain encephal/o
אאא itisenter אאIntestine enter/o
FEא ocyteerythr RED erythr/o
אא א
א
gastrectomy אאectomy
gastrotomy tomy
Stomach gastr/o
icgenCarcino produced loy gen/o
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 9 -
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
FאE
isgnosdia dia
PROGNOSIS Pro
knowledge gnos/o
אא gynecology א،אFemale
،Woman gynec/o
maoHemat
blood hem/o
אא itishepat liver hepat/o
אgeniciatro Treatment iatr/o
cyteLeuko White Leuk/o
א otomyNephr Kidney Nephr/o
אא osisNeur Nerve Neur/o
אא ologyOnc Tumor Onc/o
אoscopyOphthalm eye Ophthalm/o
אא oarthritisOste bone Oste/o
אאא
ologistPath ist
Disease Path/o
א iatricsPed Child Ped/o
א ologyPhysi nature Physi/o
אא sisPsycho mind psych/o
אא ologyradi
אאא X - rays radi/o
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
alren Kidney ren/o
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 10 -
Ren / o Nephro א،אal
א א א ، א אאK
אא itisrhin nose rhin/o
sarcoma flesh sarc/o
א tomygastro to cut Secti/o
אא urology
urine אurinary
tract
Ur/o
2 JאSuffixes
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining
Form FEicCard Pertaining to -ac
א FEalNeur Pertaining to -al
algiaarthr Pain -algia
FE cyteLeuko Cell -Cyte
א ectomyaden אexcision -ectomy
אאFאאא
Eא
emiaLeuk אblood
condition -emia
א grmencephlao Record -gram
אאFאאאאE
iaerythrem condition -ia
gastric Pertaining to
-ic
א Nephrologist Specialize -ist
אא Cystitis א -itis
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 11 -
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining
Form אא Endocrinology אStudy of -logy
א hepatoma tumor
mass -oma
אא
opsybi Process of
Viewing -Opsy
אאא
osisLeukocyt
Abnormal Condition
-osis
א
gastroscope
instrument for visually examine
-Scope
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 12 -
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
אאאא
א
scopygastro
אpreocess of
visually examination
-Scopy
FE sisdiagno State of
condition -Sis
א tomeOsteo instrument
of cut -tome
אא rhinotomy אFאE
Process of cutting
-tomy
אאא
ygastroenterolog process -Y
3- א : Prefixes
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
אאאא
emiaan ،No , Not ai- , an-
אא
psyauto אSelf auto-
FאאE
tomyana אUp ,
Apart ana-
FאאE
diagnostictic J
،Through, Complete
dia -
א crinologistendo אWithin endo –
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 13 -
FE Meaning
FE Terminology
FE Meaning
FE Combining Form
FE epidermic above epi -
א excision Out ex -
אא،אא
crine glandsexo Out exo -
אא
אFאE
emiaHyper excessive Hyper-
א gastricHypo Below
Deficient Hypo -
אאא
cardiumPeri Un
J
Surrounding
Peri -
אFאE
gnousPre Before Pre -
א sectionre ،
Back re J
אאא
gastricretro אbehind retro -
א gastricTrans across Trans -
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 14 -
אא
: אא -أ
1 Jא ...........
2 - אKKKKKKKKKKKKK 3 JאKKKKKKKKKKKKKK 4 JאאKKKKKKKKKKK 5 Jא..................
-ب א א E L F ، א א א א אאאW
Root) جذر ( Meaning) معناه ( 1 . Adenoma 2 . Cerebral 3 . Pathogenic 4 . Hypogastric 5 . Leuko cyte 6 . Rhinitis 7 . Arthrotomy 8 . Hepatitis
جـ J א א E L F א א א אאאW
1 . Carcinogenic 2 . Electroencephalogram 3 . Osteotome 4 . erythrocytosis 5 . Nephrologist 6 . Encephalo pathy 7 . Biology 8 . physiology
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 15 -
و Jאא : 1 . aden / o 12 . physi / o 2 . leuk / o 13 . path / o 3 . cephal / o 14 . rhin / o 4 . arthr / o 15 . nephr / o 5 . cerebr / o 16 . carcin / o 6 . cyt / o 17 . gnos / o 7 . oste / o 18 . onc / o 8 . dermat / o 19 . tom / o 9 . erythr / o 20 . gynec / o 10 . encephal / o 21 . hepat / o 11 . bi / o 22 . oyst / o
:אאאאא -ي 1 . Infammation 2 . Resection , or surgical removal 3 . section 4 . cendition ( usually abnormal ) 5 . Process of study 6 . Instrument to examine visually 7 . Instrument to cut 8 . One Who specialyzes in 9 . Pertaving to 10 . Blood Candition 11 . Tumor 12 . Pain 13 . Record 14 . Cell 15 . Process of Viewing
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 16 -
:אאאאא -ز 9- Self 1- Surrounding 10- Up 2- Across 11- Behind 3- Complete, Through 12- Outside, Outer 4- Above 13- Back 5- Before 14- Out 6- Within 15- No, Not , Without 7- Excessive 8- Deficient
:אא -ح 1) Blood mass ( tumor ) 2) Inflammation Of Gland 3) Record Of The Electricity Of The heart 4) Abnorrmal Condition Of Clotting Cells ( slight increases in numbers) 5) Pertaining to across the stomach 6) Study Of skin ( and its diseases ) 7) Head pain 8) Instrument to cut bone 9) Removal Of The Stomach 10) Instrument to visually examine the eye 11) To View Life Tissue ( removal of living tissue for microsccopic Examination ) 12) Inflammation of bones and joints 13) One Who Specializes in study of tumors 14) Pertaining to Producing Disease 15) Incision of the Stomach 16) Process of Viewing the urinary bladder
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 17 -
אאא -ط 1- autopsy 2- Nephro tomy 3- Erythremia 4- Oncology 5- Cephalic 6- Gastric Section 7- Gastric Resection 8- Cystitis 9- Hepatoma 10- Anemia 11- Leukemia 12- Carcinoma 13- Thrombosis 14- Sacroma
אא
אאאאJJ11
א
2
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 18 -
אאWא
אאWאא
אאW אאאW
Jא Jא
Jא
JאאאFאאE
Jאא
אאW6
אאW
אאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 19 -
אא א
The Cell
א؟אאא؟
א،אאא א א א K
אאא،،אא،אאאאאKאאW﴿א
﴾KאאאאאK
אא––אאאאאאא،אאאא
אK אאאאאא
א א א א א א א K
אאא אאא אאאאאאאאא
אאK א א א א א א א אא
אא אא א Kאאאאאאא
אאאאאK אאאאאא
אאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 20 -
אאאW
אאאWאאW﴿אאא﴾K
אK،אאאאאאKאאאאK
؟א (1אFאEOrgans
אא F E א א ، א
אK א א א א K א
אאאKאא FEאאאאאאאK
2EאFrespirationE
אאאאK א ، אא אא א א א א
אאKאאאאאאK
3EאאF (excretion
אא،אאא،אאאאK
אאאאא،אאאאא،אא
אאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 21 -
4EאFmovementE אאאאKאאא
KאאאאאאאK
5EאFresponsivenessE
א א א אאאא K אאאאאK
אא KאאאאאאאK
6EאF(growth
،אאאאא، ، אאא א K א
אאאK א א א
K 7EאFreproductionE
אאאאK אאאאאאא،אא
אאא،אK אאאK
אאאאאFאאEאFfertilizationE،
אKאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 22 -
8EאFadaptationE אאאאאא
K אא א ،א א א אא
אKאאאK א،אאאאא،
אאאאאאאK 9EאFNutritionE
אאאKאאאאאאאKאאאאK
אאאאא KאאאאאאKאK
אאאאW
א א א א א ? ? Fmicroscope EאאאאKאא??אאא
אאאK אאאא??אאא
KאאאאKא אאאא Fא E
אFcellsEאאא1665אK
אא????،אאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 23 -
אאאW
אאאאאW؟אא
אא א Wא א א א ؟
،א אאאאא
K ، א ، א א א ، א א
א א ?F ? schleiden Eאא?F?schwanKE
אא،א،Fcell wallKE
אא אא אFnucleus Eא FcytoplasemKE
אאא K אK
אא1839אאאאK אאFvirchowE1855אא، K
א א K
אW
1E אאאאK
2E ،אאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 24 -
אא ،אאאאאK
אא א،אאאא א
א א K א א א אא אא א ،
אאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאW
אאאא،אאK،אא،،،א،Kאא
אאאאאKאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאKאאאאאאFאאEאאא
אאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאאאאאאKאא
אאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 25 -
1 JאW
אKאאא،א א K א א א א K א
0.3Kאא0.003אK
אKא א אאאאא
Kאאאאא
אW
אאאKאאW
1 JאWאאאאאאK
2 JאWאאאKאאאאאאאאאא
אאא،אK
3 JאWאאאאאאאא
4 JאאWאאאK
5 JאWאאKאאאK
6 JאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 26 -
7 Jאא،אK
8 Jאאא،אK
2 JאW א א א א
K אאאאאאא
א ، א 300.000א א א ، 2500K
אאאאאאאאאאא،
אאK א א F אא א א E
אK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 27 -
אאאאF1E
אF1E
EאאCell Membrane אא א א
100FאZ1L1000א،אZ1L1000אEאאK
אאאאאאKאאאא א א אא אא א א
KאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 28 -
א: 1 JאאאאK 2 JאאאאאאK 3 JאאאאK 4 J א א א א
K 5 JאאאאאK 6 Jא א
א א א א א א
אATPאאK
אאKאאא א א א א א אא
א،אאאאאאא،אא، א א א Kא א
א א، אא ،אאא،אאאאאK
אאאאאאאאK
א אא אאאאאאא אאK
אאאאא، א א Glucose א א ،Amino acids ،
אאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 29 -
אF2E
א א ،
א אא אא א אא אא אאאאאאאאKאא
אאאאאW
Jאdiffusion
אאKאאא אאא אא אאK אא
אאאאW
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 30 -
אF3E
1E אאא
אאאאאאא אא א K אא א א א א
אאאאאאאאאאאאא
אאK
2E אאא אא א א K א
א א א Kא א אאאKאא
אאא אאאאאאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 31 -
אF4E
–אאאdispersion of materials in water
1E אאmolecular solution
א א א א א 0.000001אאK
אאאKאאאא، א א א אא א
אאאKאWאאאאאK
2 Eאsuspension Wא 0.0001 Kאא
א K K א א א אאKאאא
FאEאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 32 -
3 E א אcolloidal solution Wא א א
אא0.00010.000001אא، א א K א
אFאKEאאKאאאאKFE
אאhydrosolאאאאKאאאא
אhydrogel א א א K א אK
אאאאאאאאא E אfiltrationWאא
אKאאאאאאK
E אאdialysisWאFאאE
אFאE.
א אא א א Kא א parchment אcellophaneK
אW
אFאאEאKKאא.selective permeability
אאFEא FE،אאK
אאKאאאאK
Jאosmosis אאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 33 -
אאאאאאKאאאKאאאאא
Kא אא אא אאא א אא אא Fאא K Eא
א א Kא א א א א אאאאאאאא
א אאK
אא אא א ، א K
אאאאאאא א א K א א א Fא א א א Eא
אאאאאאאאאאKאאאא
אאא K א א א א א K א א K
אאאאאאאKאאא0.9F٪0.155E
אK אאאאאאK
אK אאא אאא0.9٪
א א 0.9٪א 0.155 אא0.32אאא
אKאאאאאאאKאא
אK אאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 34 -
אאאאK א א0.9٪א א
אא0.9٪אאK אאאאאK
אאאאKאאאאאאאאאאאא
אא،אאKאאאאאאאאאK
א א א א אא א א אאאאKאאאאאאא
אKאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאKאאא
אאאאאאאאאאאK
א א א א א אא Kאא אא אא
אאאא KאאאאאאKא
א אאאKאאאאאאאאאאאא
אK אאאאאאאKאF5E
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 35 -
אF5E
א Jאא אאאאא אא
א א א K א א א א אאאKאאאאאא
KאאאאאאאK
Jאא אאאאאKא
KאאאאאKא א א אא
אאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 36 -
Jאא א א א א
KאKאאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאK
אF6E
EאProtoplasm א ، א א א א א
אא،א
EאCytoplasm א א אא א א א
אאאFאEאאK אFאEאאאאא
אKאאאK
אאW 1 JאK2 JאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 37 -
אאאW J
אאW Endo - Plasmic Reticulum א א א א א
א Kא אא אא א א אאאK
אF7E
אאאאW
LאאאW Rough ER א אא RNA א ،
אאKאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 38 -
אF8E
LאאאW Smooth ER
א KאאאאאKאאאאאK
אF9E
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 39 -
2 JFGolgi Bodies E
10شكل الאאאא
1898 KWאא، ،א אא
אKאאאאאאא א K אאא אK
א א א א א א אא K
אאאאאאK
3 JאMitochondria
אאאא א א א ، א א
אאא Kא0.25 KאאאאאKאאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 40 -
א א K אאא א אאאאאאאKKאא
אאKKאאאDNAאKK
א א א א א ATPאKא
א א א א א א אאKאאאאאא
אאK
אאאאאFאאאאE
אFאEא ،א Fmatrix Eא א א א، א
אאא،אאK
א11
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 41 -
4 JאאאCentrosome
،אאאאאאא
אאאאאא،אאFCentrileEאF12E،
אאאאאאK
א12
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 42 -
EאאCell Nucleus
א א K א אאאאא
א אא א א א א א אאאW
1Lאא אאאא
א א א W א א אאאאאK
2Lאא אאא
אאאאK
3Lא אRNAKא
אFRrnaE אאאK
4Lאא אא א
אא52אא46א40א38א8א2K
א א א א א א אא אאאאא،אאFNuclear
EnvelopEאאאאא،א،אאאאאאאאא
אאאא،א120K
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 43 -
אF13E
א א א א א א ، אא אאאK
אאאאא FChromosomesKE
א א א،אאא46אא
23אאאאא DNA،אאK
אא א Nuclealus ،אAcidRibonucleicFRNAEאאאא،
אK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 44 -
3 JאאאאאW
א א א א א F א E،אאאא،אאF62E٪א،
F20E٪ א ،F10 E٪ א ،F3 E٪ א،F2.5 E٪ א ، F1.14 E٪،אF0.16E٪א،F0.14E٪א،F0.11E٪א،F0.10E٪א،F
0.07E٪א،F0.01KE٪
א ، א א א אא אאאאאK
،א א א א ،
K
JאאW אאאא7585
٪ ، א א אא א א ، א א א א א
אא،א15٪،אאא،אא،א
אאאאאאאK
،א א אא א א א א א א ،
Hemoglobin)KE
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 45 -
JאאW
א א א א א אאאא،אא
אW
1 JאאCarbohydrates
אאאאאאאאאא2אW1אאאאא
אK אאW
1 JאFMonosaccharidesKE 2 JאFDisaccharidesKE 3 JאFPolysaccharidesKE
FSugars Eא אאא ،אאאא،אא
אK
، א א א אאאאאK
2 JאProteins
א א א א א FAmino
Acids Eאאא،אאאאאא20א K ، א א א א א 20
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 46 -
אא،א،א א א א
אK
אאא א א FInsulin E،א،אאאאא
אאא،אאאאאאאאאאאK
א א א א
א ، א אאא א א א א א
אK 3 JאFates
א א א א א א ، אא א
Kאא א א אא
אK א ، אאא א
אא،אאאאאאאאאK
، א אאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 47 -
4 JאאNucleic Acids
א א א א א א א א אא،א
1 J אאDNA
2 JאאRNA
אאאאאאאK אאFאאאEא، DNA
א،אאK 4 JאאW
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אאאאאאK
JאאMitosis
א א אא א א אא
אאאא،אאאאאאאאא
אאFא
46 E ،א א א א
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 48 -
א א א א א אאא אאW J
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אאאאאFChromotidEאא،
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אאאK אאאאאאא
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א א א א F14 J E א אאאאאאא
א א אא א א א אאK
WאאFAnaphaseE
אאאאאאא א אאאא
א F14 J، E ، א אאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 49 -
אWאאTelophase אאאאא
אאאאF14Eאא א א אא ، אא
אאFא14KE אאאFInterphaseE،אKאאאאW
אF30 J60 E ،אאF2 J10 E ،אF3 J15 E،אF30EK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 50 -
אF14Eאאאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 51 -
JאאאMeiosis
אאאא،אאאKאא ،אאאא אאא א
א אא אאאאאאאאאאKא
א א א ، א אא אא א،אאאא،
א،אא אאאK
אא46אאא א א אאאאא אא ،
אא23K
א א א א ، א א אא א א 46א אאאא
W J
אאW
אאא א א א א א אK
אאW
א،אאאK א
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 52 -
JאאW
אW J
1 JאאאW
א،אאאא א אא א F J15 E א ، א
אF15 E אאאF J15 E، א א K א
א א Kא א،אאאאאF J15KE
אא א א א א א،FCrossing OverEאא
،אאאאאKאאאאאאא
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F J15Eא،אאא،אאK
2 JאאאאW
אא،אאאאאאא،אאאאF J15EK
3 JאאאW אאא،
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 53 -
א א א ، א א KאF J15E א א א א K
K 4 JאאאW
א א א אF J15 E א א א
אאKאאאאאK
אF15Eאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 54 -
Wאא
אאא،אאא،אא،אאאאאאאאאא،א
אאKאאאא،אאא
אאאאאאאאאא،אאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 55 -
אא
1 Eא אא؟אאא؟
2EאאאאW
FEW 1 JאאK 2 JאאK 3 JאאK
FEאאW
1 J אאאאK 2 J אK 3 J אאK
FEאאאאאW
1 J אK 2 J אאאK 3 J אאK
3Eאאאאא؟
4E؟א 5E؟אאאאא؟א
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 56 -
6E؟؟אאאאאא
7E؟אאאא
8EאאאאW
FEאאאW 1 Jא3 Jא 2 Jא4 J
FEאאאאאאאW
1 J אאאK 2 J אאאאאאK 3 J אאאK 4 J אאאאאK
FEאאאאאW 1 Jא3 Jא 2 Jא4 J
FEאאW
1 J3 J 2 J4 J
FEאאאאW
1 J3 J 2 J4 J
אא
אאאאJJ11
א
3
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 57 -
אאWא
אאWאאא
אאW אאאW
6 J אא 7 J אאא
8 J אאאא 9 J אאא
10 J אאאא
אאW6
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 58 -
אא
א Tissues
JאאW
א א א אא،
א
אF16E
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 59 -
אW
1 JאאאEpithelial Tissue
אאאFאאאE،، א א א א אא א א א
א ، א א א א א א אא א ، א אא א א א
א.
אF17Eאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 60 -
2 JאאWconnective tissue
א א א אאא: -
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אאאאאאאאאאאK
EאאCartilage Tissue
אW
1 JWHyaline Cartilage אאאאK
2 JWYellow Elastic Cartilage אאאאאK
3 J White Fibro Cartilage אאאK
EאאBone Tissue
א א אא אא אK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 61 -
EאאWFat Tissue
א א אאאאאא،
אאא،אאאאאאK
EאאElastic Tissue
א א א ، א א א אאאאאאאאאK
אF18EאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 62 -
3 JאאWMuscular Tissue
א א א،אאאאאא،
אאאאW J
EאאאאSkeletal Muscle
א،אאא،אאאאK
אF19E
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 63 -
EאאאאSmooth Muscle
א א א ، א א א א،א אאא،אא،אא،א
אאא.
אF20E
EאCardiac Muscle
אאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 64 -
אF21E 4 JאאWNervous Tissue
אאאאneuronsאאאא א ، א אא א א
א א ، אא א א א א Kא א א אא neuroglia cells ؛אאא
אאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 65 -
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1EאW
אא א אא א א א א א א א א אא א
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אאאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאKאאאK
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א،אאאאFImpulsesEאאא،K
אאאאאאK 2EאאNerve Cell
א א א א א אKא א אאאאKאא K
؛אאאאאאאא Kא א K א א אא א א
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 66 -
dendrites א ؛ אא א K ؛ א אאאא؛אK
אF22E אאאW
1 JאW
אאאאאאKאאFEאאK
2 JאאאFאE
؛אאא،א،א،א
Kאאאא،אאאאאאאFא21EKאא
אאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 67 -
3 Jאא
א؛א؛אאאאKF22KE
אאא אFNeurilemme(KאאאאFMyelinEאא،
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אאאאFSynapseE،אF24E אאאאאא
אאאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 68 -
אאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 69 -
א24
אאא
אאאW
1 J sensory neuron
אאאאאKאאא א א א K א א א א
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אF25E
א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 70 -
2 J motor neuron א א א א א א K
אאאאא.
אF26E
3 J intercalated neuron אאאKאאFא
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א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 71 -
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א א א ، א א אא א א אא א א א ، א
K אאא
אאאאאאאאK
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- 72 -
2 J אאאW
JאאאאStriated Muscle
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- 73 -
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JאאאאSmooth Muscle
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Kאאאאאא
JאCardiac Muscle
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אאאאאאאא אא א א W אSodium ،א Potassium ،
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- 75 -
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אאאאאאאK
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אאאא
אאאאJJ11
א
א
4
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אאWאאא
אאW אאאW
1 J אא 2 J אא 3 J אא
אאW6
אאW
אאאK
א אא J1 אאא 120 אא
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1 JאאאAxial Skeleton
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אF31E
א אא J1 אאא 120 אא
-79 -
2 Jאא 1 JאאK 2 JאאK 3 JאאאאאK 4 JאאאK 5 Jאא،אא
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3 JאאTypes OF Bones
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tissueאאאאKאא FOsteocytes ( bone cells א ،
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אאא،Kאאא א אאParathyroid glandאא
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א א א א א א א אFאאKE
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-81 -
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4 JאאאאאIrregular & Sesamiod BonesW
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א אא J1 אאא 120 אא
-82 -
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1 JאF،אא 2 J 3 Jאאא،א 4 Jא 5 J، 6 J 7 J
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-83 -
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5 JאאאאאW J
EאK EאK EאאאK Eאאא
- 84 -
אא
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1 J א 2 J א
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- 85 -
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- 86 -
אF34E
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א אא J1 אא 120 א
- 87 -
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- 88 -
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- 92 -
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- 95 -
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- 96 -
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- 97 -
א א א א א ،אאאאאא
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- 98 -
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- 99 -
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- 100 -
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א
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- 106 -
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אאאאאאK
אא،א א א א אאאאאאא،אאא
אאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 117 -
אF47EFאאE JאאאFCapillariesE
אאאאאאarterioles אvenulesK؛אאאאאא
אאאא אא א א ،אא א א אאאא א א א
אאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 118 -
אF48E
אאW אאאאאFאאKE
אאאאאאKאאאאאא
אK א א א א א א K א
אאKאאא6080אKא74אאאאא0.8א
W J
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 119 -
Eא0.1אאK Eא0.3אאK Eאא0.4אאK
אאKאאאSystolic Soundאאאאא
אאאא Sound DiastolicאאאאאK
אאאW
אא אא
אא אא אאא، אאאאאK
אא א א א א Kאא אא א א א
FECGEElectro cardio gram אא،FECGEא T , S , R , Q , P ،F49E
אF49E
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 120 -
אPא،אאאQ R SאאאAV nodeאAV bundlePurkingeא
א אTאאאאא ، א א
אאאאK
אאאW EאW
אאאKאאאאKאאאאKאא
אאאאאאKאאאאFא
אאאE א א א א א א א א א
א א א Systolic Pressureא א א ،120FEא אא א א א א א،
אDiastolic Pressureאאא،80FEאא א א א א א א
אאאא،אKאאאK
א Sphygmomanometer ،
א
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 121 -
אאאאאאאאא אאאא א
אאאאאאאאאאאא100א J120K
א א א אא Stethoscopeאאאאאאא
אאאאאאאאא60 J80K
א
120אא 80אא
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 122 -
א א א ، א א א אאאאאW J
1 JאאCardiac Output
אאאFאאאEK
אאZאCא
2 JאWאאK 3 JאאK 4 JאאאK 5 JאאאאK
JאאאאW 1 JאאArterio Sclerosis
אא א אא אאאKאא،אאאאא
אאאאאאאK 2 Jאא
א א א אא אא ،אאאאאאאא
אאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 123 -
3 JאאHypertension אאא،אא
אK 4 JאאHypotension
א אא א א אאאאא،אK
5 JאאAneurysms
אאא،K 6 JאאVaricose Veins
אאא א אאאאK
7 JאאCardiac Failure
א א א א א א،אאK
8 JאאCardiac Arrhythmia
אאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 124 -
Wאא
א א א Kא אאKאאא
אאאKאא אאאא אא אאאא
אK א א אא א א א
אאאK אאאאאאאאא
אKאאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאא
FLymphKE ،א،אאא
אאK א K א א א א א
א Kאא אא א א א א אאא א א א א
אאאאאאKאאאאאאאK
،א،אאאאאא
אאאK אאאאאאאא،א
אK אאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
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אאאאאאאKאאאאFאEאאאא
אKF47KE אאאK
אF50E
אא א ، א א א א
אאאאאK אאאא،אאא،א،
אאאא אאאאאאFאEK
אאW
אאאאאאאאאFאKE
אאF50EK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 126 -
אF51E
1EאSpleen
א אאא180אKאאאאא
אאא א א א א אא א אא אא א Fא4L1 א K E
אאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 127 -
אאW 1 Jאאאא؛אאא
אאK 2 Jאאאאא
אאאאK 3 JאאאאאאאאK
4 J ، א אא א
א، אאא ،אK 5 JאאאאK
6 JאאאK
א אא אא K א
א א א אF א Eא K אאאאאאאK
2EאW
אאאאאKאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 128 -
3EאאW אאlymph nodeאK
א א א K א אאKאאאא
אאK
אF52E
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 129 -
4Eאאאא אאthymus glandאאא
אאאאKאאאאאאא
א K א א א אאK
אF53E
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 130 -
אא
1 Jאאאא؟
2 J؟אאאא
3 J؟אאאאאא
4 J؟אאאאאאאא
5 Jאאאא؟
6 J؟אאאאא
7 J؟אאאא
8 J؟אאא
9 J؟אאאאאא
10 Jאא؟אאאא؟אאא
11 J؟אאאא
12 J؟אאא
13 J؟אאא
- 131 -
אאאא
אאאאJJ11
א
א
7
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 131 -
אאWאא
אאWאאא
אאW
אאאW 5 J אאא 6 J אאאא 7 J אאא
8 J
אאW6
אאWאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 132 -
אא אא
The Nervous System
W
אאאאא؛אאאא
אאאאאאאאא א א א K א א
אאאאאאKאאאאK،א،אאאא
אא،אאא،אאאא
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אא،אאאאא א א א א א א
אאאא،אאאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 133 -
אאW 1 JאאאWאאאFאKE 2 JאאאW
E31אאאאאK E12אאאאK EאאאאאאאאK
אאאF51E
אF54E
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 134 -
אF54E
WאאאThe Central Nervous System
EאBrainW אאKא א Kא
1400אKאאאאאאאmeningesאאא؛K
،אאאאאF55KE
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 135 -
אF55E 1–אcerebrum
א אאא א א א א א א ، א א
אאF56KE
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 136 -
אF56E
א א א א אא א א אאאF57Eאאא،K
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 137 -
אF57E
אא אאא אאאאאK،
א א א א א א א FאאEאאאאאאא،אאFאאE،FאאEאK
אא،אאאאאאאאאאא،אאאאK
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2 JאCerebellum
אאא،אאא،אאאאאאאאא،א
אאאKאאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 138 -
אאK 3 Jאאem Brain St
אאא،אאאאא
אאFאאאא א א א E א א א ،א א א
אאאאאאK
JאאFאאESpinal Cord א א א 45 אאא
א א א א א א אאאא31אK
א،אאאא،א،אאאאאא،K
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، א א א א א א א א א K א א
א،אאאאאאK
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 139 -
WאאאThe Peripheral Nervous System
EאאW
31 אאאאאאאK
אאW
1 JאאאאאK 2 JאאאאאK 3 JאאאאאK 4 JאאאאאK 5 JאאאאאK
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אאאאאאאאאאא
K
אאW 1 JאאאWאאFKE 2 JאאאWאאFKE 3 JאאאWאאאFE 4 JאאאאWאאאאאFKE
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 140 -
5 JאאאWאאא אאFEאK
6 JאאאWאאFKE 7 JאאאWא א
אFKE 8 JאאאWאאאאאFKE 9 JאאאWאאאא
FKE 10 JאאאWאאאא
אאאאאאאאאאFE0
11 JאאאWאאאאאFEאאK
12 JאאאWאאFKE
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 141 -
אF58E
Jאאאא א א א א אא ،אא
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א א Wא אא א אאאאאאאאאא،א
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אאאאאK אאאא،אאאאא
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 142 -
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אאאאK
Wאא א א אא
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אאK 3 Jאאאאאא
אאK 4 JאאאאאK 5 JאאאאאאאאK 6 Jאאאאאאא אא
אK 7 JאאאאK 8 JאאאK 9 JאאאאאאK
10 JאאאאאאK 11 JאאאאאאאK
א א א א א א K
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 143 -
Wאאא אאW
1 JאאאאאK 2 JאאאאאאאK 3 JאאאאאK 4 JאאאK 5 JאאאאK 6 JאאK 7 JאאאאאאK 8 JאאאאאאאK 9 JאאאאאאאאK
אאאאאאאK
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אא،אאW א אא א، א
، א א Kא א א،אאאאאא
אאK אאאFReflex ArcKE
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 144 -
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אReflex Arc אW
1 Jאא،אK 2 J א א א אאא א א א
אK 3 Jא אא א א א אא
אK 4 J א א א א א א א
אא،אK 5 JאאאK
،אאאא،אאאא
אא ، א א א، א א
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 145 -
א،אK
אF60E
א אא J1 אא 120 אא
- 146 -
אא 1 J؟אאאאאאא
2 JW،א،א؟אא
3 J؟؟אא
4 JאאאאW
Jא Jאא Jאא 5 Jאא؟אא
6 JאאאW
Jאא Jאא JאאK
7 J؟אאא؟אאאא
8 J؟אא؟אאאא
9 J؟אא
10 J؟א
א אא J1 120
אא
אאא
1 Jאאא،אאאא، Jאאא 2 Jא،Kאאא،א J؛א 3 Jא،KKא،א J؛א 4 Jאא،Kא،א J
5- Anatomy and Physiology in health and illness , Kathleen J. W. Churchill Livingstone , Edinburgh , London , Melbourne and New york 1987 , Sixth
Edition . 6- The Language of Medicine , Davi-Ellen Chabnaer , W. B Saunders
Company , Third Edition . 7- Medical Terminology , Barbara J. Cohen , J. B. Lippincott Company .
8- Physiology and Anatomy , Chemical Engineering Institutes , Scientific Enterprises , Inc.
9- Handbook of Electromedicine , Johannes Patzold - Heinz Kresse , Siemens , John Wiley & Sons .
10- Physiology of Respiration work book by Siemens
א אא J1 120
א
א
א א Jאא Jאא 4
4 אא 8
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א 16 אא 17
Jאא Jא 21 אאא 21
א א
א
23 25 27
אאאאא 41 אא
אא 44
אא Jא 51 אא 51 א،אא 57 א،אא 63
אא 64 Jאאא Jאא 73
73 אא 73
א אא J1 120
א
אא 74 אאא 77
אא Jא 78 א 79
א 81 א 85
א 87 א 88
אא 89 אא 93
א א Jאא Jאא 94
94 אא 95
א 97 אאא 98 א 102 אא 103
אאא 107 אאא 108 א 109 אאאא 111 אא 112
א 114
א אא J1 120
א
אא 117 Jאא Jאא 118 120
אאא 121 אאא 124 אא 127 אאא 128
אא 129 א 130
אא 131