Managing ConflictManaging Conflict George H. Labovitz 管理冲突

• 时间： 2010年 11月 7 日

• 小组成员：诸贤慧、刘志、 巴里、陈晨、储凡、冯珊珊、 李梦、汪卉芳、杨蕾、张珍贞

• Presenter:储凡

主讲内容主讲内容

George H. George H. LabovitzLabovitz 议论文

翻译注意事项 翻译技巧

• the President and CEO at Organizational Dynamics Inc.(ODI) and professor of management and organizational behavior at the Boston University School of Management.

• He has published or contributed to management articles in Fortune, the Wall Street Journal, Quality Progress, and Quality Mangement in Healthcare

Conflict in OrganizationConflict in Organization

Reasons1.competition for scarce resources2.having different opinions 3.communication distortion4.interpesonal or behavioral factors

Resolutions1. win-lose strategies2.lose-lose strategies3.win-win strategies

1.1. 弄清作者观点弄清作者观点 (main idea)(main idea)（冲突未必有害，适当的冲突提高组织工作效率）（冲突未必有害，适当的冲突提高组织工作效率）

2.2. 把握文章的语言风格把握文章的语言风格（专业 、严谨） 翻译时应把握好语言运用（专业 、严谨） 翻译时应把握好语言运用

3.3. 专业术语、背景知识的查询专业术语、背景知识的查询例 : communication distortion communication distortion 交流障碍交流障碍 scarce resources scarce resources 稀缺资源稀缺资源 jurisdiction is ambiguousjurisdiction is ambiguous 管辖权模糊 管辖权模糊 informal relations informal relations 裙带关系裙带关系

注意事项

传统观点：冲突是有害的，使组织机能失调，管理者应尽可能避免和清除冲突。

人际关系观点 : 冲突是任何组织无法避免的自然现象，不一定给组织带来不利的影响，有可能成为有利于组织工作的积极动力。

冲突互动作用观点：管理者要鼓励有利的冲突一定水平的有益冲突会使组织保持旺盛的生命力

运用背景知识运用背景知识 Traditionally, management’s Traditionally, management’s handling of conflict has been handling of conflict has been based on the belief that based on the belief that conflict should be suppressed conflict should be suppressed and eliminated; conflict was and eliminated; conflict was viewed as dysfunctional and viewed as dysfunctional and time-consuming.time-consuming. 传统观念强调管理者应该尽可能避免和清传统观念强调管理者应该尽可能避免和清除冲突，历来，管理者处理冲突的做法都是除冲突，历来，管理者处理冲突的做法都是基于此观点。因为人们认为冲突会使组织机基于此观点。因为人们认为冲突会使组织机能失调，效率低下。能失调，效率低下。

翻译技巧

• 1. 增译法• 2. 省译法• 3. 转换法• 4. 包孕法• 5. 重组法

增译法指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。

You must do what I tell you because I am the bossYou must do what I tell you because I am the boss..

你必须你必须按按我说的去做，因为我是老板我说的去做，因为我是老板 。（增译介词 )

• ..• .. Win-lose methods, in which the supervisor inevitably wins and the employee inevitably loses, include the use of mental or physical power to bring about compliance. 单赢法即是用物质或精神操纵权使单赢法即是用物质或精神操纵权使另一方另一方屈服。而在屈服。而在此类方法中，老板必然是赢家而员工无疑是输家此类方法中，老板必然是赢家而员工无疑是输家 .(.( 增增译宾语）译宾语） “There is a clear we-they distinction between the parties, rather than a we-verse-the-problem orientations.” ““纠纷双方往往有很明显的你我之分，而不是纠纷双方往往有很明显的你我之分，而不是站在站在我们共同面对问题的立场上。” 我们共同面对问题的立场上。” (( 增译动词）增译动词）

省译法省译法 删去不符合目标语思维习惯删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语 言习惯和表达方式的词、语 言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。，以避免译文累赘。

Conflict Conflict ofof interest exists interest exists where where therethere is competition is competition

between the parties for scarce between the parties for scarce resources or one group gains at resources or one group gains at

the expense of anotherthe expense of another

当利益相关者为稀缺资源竞争或是一方要在当利益相关者为稀缺资源竞争或是一方要在牺牲另一方利益的条件下才能获利时，利益牺牲另一方利益的条件下才能获利时，利益冲突就可能会发生。（省译关系副词）冲突就可能会发生。（省译关系副词）

转换法转换法为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。 进行转换。 ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities are are often often defineddefined through the through the organization chart and job organization chart and job descriptions.descriptions. 岗位角色和绩效评估往往决定责任分配岗位角色和绩效评估往往决定责任分配(( 被动句转化为主动句）被动句转化为主动句）

冲突往往带有个人感情，而不会客观地把焦点集中在事件的实际情况上。

Conflicts are personalized, rather than being depersonalized by an objective focus on facts and issues.

包孕法包孕法把英语后置成分按照汉语的正常语序放在中把英语后置成分按照汉语的正常语序放在中心词之前，使修饰成分在汉语句中形成前置心词之前，使修饰成分在汉语句中形成前置包孕。包孕。If conflict is turned to be a If conflict is turned to be a positive positive force for organizational change, force for organizational change, modern managers must adopt a point modern managers must adopt a point of viewof view that is dramatically that is dramatically different from that held by different from that held by managers in the past managers in the past 如果冲突成为组织变革中的一种正面力量，那么如果冲突成为组织变革中的一种正面力量，那么现代管理者就必须接受一种与现代管理者就必须接受一种与过去管理者截然不过去管理者截然不同的观点。同的观点。

One lose-lose method is One lose-lose method is compromise which is based on the compromise which is based on the assumption that half a loaf is assumption that half a loaf is better than none.better than none.

双输策略之一是双输策略之一是进行和解，这建立在折中进行和解，这建立在折中妥协总好过两败俱伤的设想上。妥协总好过两败俱伤的设想上。

重置法重置法为了使译文流畅和更符合汉语叙事论理，彻为了使译文流畅和更符合汉语叙事论理，彻底摆脱原文语序和句子形式，对句子进行重底摆脱原文语序和句子形式，对句子进行重新组合。新组合。

Allan Filley lists some Allan Filley lists some characteristics of social characteristics of social relationship associated with relationship associated with various kinds or degrees of various kinds or degrees of conflictconflict.. 爱兰费利根据社会关系的特点，将冲突按照爱兰费利根据社会关系的特点，将冲突按照类型和程度做了分类类型和程度做了分类 。

Filley lists several Filley lists several characteristics which win-lose characteristics which win-lose and lose-lose methods of and lose-lose methods of conflict resolution have in conflict resolution have in common.common. 对解决冲突方法中单赢策略和双输策略，费对解决冲突方法中单赢策略和双输策略，费利列出了它们的几个共同点。利列出了它们的几个共同点。