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5CONTENTS
4 2012
NEWS IN POWER-ENGINEERING 7
MARKET OVERVIEWPerspective of development of the market of power
transformers 14
Methodology allowing with high level of reliability to forecast
annual necessity of Russian market in I-III size power transformers
separately in each power rating was developed.
Key words: power transformers, cenosis, demand, market
development.
ELECTRICAL FACILITIESAnalysis of electromagnetic compatibility
of energy objects 18
Methodology and algorithm of analysis of electromagnetic
compatibility of energy objects is suggested. Certain application
of suggested methodology for analysis of electromagnetic
compatibility of electricity transmission lines and electrical
blasting chains is considered; recommendations on decrease of the
influence of electricity transmission lines on electrical blasting
chains are given.
Key words: electromagnetic compatibility, energy object,
methodology, algorithm, electricity transmission line, electrical
blasting chains.
Fast hermetic sealing of leakages of transformers oil and sulfur
hexafluoride 23
HEAT SUPPLYAutomated purification system of heat-exchange
collectors in boiler units 27
Application of ceramic-fibrous fire-proof materials in
power-engineering 31
The majority of materials traditionally applied in
power-engineering are not able to provide heat loses normative in
correspondence with Construction norms and regulations 2.04.14-88
for standard service life of 1015 years, excluding combined
construction or new high-tech ceramic-fibrous materials.
Key words: ceramic-fibrous materials, power-engineering, heat
losses.
EQUIPMENT REPAIRModern technologies of repair and recovery of
pumps 35
AUTOMATIONEvaluation of reliability of automated power supply
control systems 38
ENERGY SAVINGSolution of problems of energy saving at
metallurgical enterprises 43
An article presents main results of works on energy saving at
the one of the biggest metallurgical enterprise MMK JSK over last
fifteen years. Main directions of the program on energy saving in
which basis systematic approach and deep scientific and technical
analysis of all production and technological processes of the
enterprises put were pointed.
Key words: metallurgy, energy saving, management of energy
consumption, energy management, energy effectiveness, energy
balance, energy consumption, overall index, specific flow.
SHARING EXPERIENCE Calculation of share contribution into
stand-by losses by the example of MMK OAO 50
Tariff on electrical energy includes several constituents
including price on transport services and distribution of energy
which include normative energy losses. At the present moment share
contribution into energy losses is determined by simplified
methods. That is why development of the method of determination of
share contribution into stand-by losses is vital task today.
Key words: tariffs on electrical energy, normative energy
losses, stand-by losses, methods of losses determination,
electrical energy consumers.
Improvement of power efficiency of heat supply systems in RZhD
55
One of the tasks solved under the frameworks of development of
energy strategy of holding company Russian railways is to make an
assessment of the technical state of the main heat and power
equipment
-
6 4 2012
and identification of the ways of improvement of energy
efficiency during operation of heat supply systems, as these
systems are an important part of infrastructure providing
transportation process.
Key words: heat supply, energy efficiency, rapid monitoring.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE Modern technology of pipelines and
heat-exchanging units purification 62
METROLOGYInspection and repair of devices metering consumption
of thermal energy and water 64
Necessity to create service repair and calibration services for
maintenance of water meters, flow meters during their operation is
explained. Basic technical requirements for key elements of these
service centers drenching calibration rigs-are formulated. Minimal
set of technical tools and measuring instruments for creation of
service departments is suggested.
Key words: drenching installation, water meters, heat meter,
flow meter, recording of public resources, calibration of
meters.
ECOLOGYGeoinformation system for analysis of ecological
compatibility of energy objects 69
Possibility and scheme of usage of geoinformation system for
analysis of ecological compatibility of electrical energy
facilities is considered and suggested; geoinformation system for
monitoring of ecological and electromagnetic compatibility of
electrical energy facilities by the example of North Ossetia-Alania
is described.
Key words: geoinformation system, energy facilities,
environment, cartographic reference, simulation, ecological
compatibility.
TECHNOLOGIES
Reduction of heat losses through insulation of rotating furnace
74
Variant of reduction of natural gas flow due to reduction of
heat losses through the lining of rotary furnace is considered.
Key words: rotary furnace, lining, energy saving, ultra-thin
heat insulator.
SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTSInspection of efficiency of operation of
protection in electrical plants up to 1 kv 76
Creation of the new type of start-regulating devices 82
-
7
4 2012
30 2012 .
(. - ) .
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800 . . , , 256 96 . - , . , - .
IDC SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IDC,
Schneider Electric - (Data Center Infrastructure Management,
DCIM). , DCIM, Schneider Electric .
IDC MarketScape: DCIM 2011 ., , . , - 2012 ., Schneider Electric
.
Schneider Electric - , - , IDC. , , IDC, - .
(Soeren Brogaard Jensen), - - Schneider Electric: IDC DCIM . ,
DCIM , Schneider Electric .
Schneider Electric - StruxureWare. StruxureWare
-
8
4 2012
, - , . Schneider Electric - - Data Center Infrastructure
Management (DCIM) Data Center Facility Management (DCFM), , , , ,
.
StruxureWare Schneider Electric Viridity EnergyCenter 2.0.
Viridity EnergyCenter 2.0 - IT- . IDC Viridity , .
Schneider Electric
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC Schneider Electric -
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).
Schneider Electric , , -: Trihal, Okken, RM6, Varset classic,
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4 2012
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620.9.001.18
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: , IIII .
: , , , .
Perspective of development of the market of power
transformers
Methodology allowing with high level of reliability to forecast
annual necessity of Russian market inIIII size power transformers
separately in each power rating was developed.
Key words: power transformers, cenosis, demand, market
development.
-
15
4 2012
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4 2012
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4 2012
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4 2012
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621.311
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Analysis of electromagnetic compatibility of energy objects
In this paper a methodology and algorithm of electromagnetic
compatibility analysis of electrical power objects are suggested.
Consideration is also given to specific application of the proposed
methodology for electromagnetic compatibility of power line
analysis and electric explosive circuits, proposal is made on how
to minimize the interference of power lines with the electric
explosive circuits.
Key words: electromagnetic compatibility, electrical power
object, methodology, algorithm, power line, electric explosive
circuits.
. 1.
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: , , .
Application of ceramic-fibrous fire-proof materials in
power-engineering
The majority of materials traditionally applied in
power-engineering are not able to provide heat loses normative in
correspondence with Construction norms and regulations 2.04.14-88
for standard service life of 1015 years, excluding combined
construction or new high-tech ceramic-fibrous materials.
Key words: ceramic-fibrous materials, power-engineering, heat
losses.
-
32
4 2012
60 /3 80 /3
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-
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4 2012
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42
4 2012
;
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;
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.
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.
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1. . ., . ., P. M. / . . .: , 2006.
50-39:
2011 . . , 1 4 . : 50-39.
50-39 . - 250 630 : 36 70. 50-39 : -, : , .
-
43
4 2012
- - . , 261 23.11.2009 ,
, , , -, -, .
1996 . , - 2005 ., :
. ., . . , ; . ., - . , .; . ., . . , .; . ., . . , . . . . ,
455000, . , ., . , 38.-mail: [email protected]
- 15 . , . - .
: , , , -, , , , .
Solution of problems of energy saving at metallurgical
enterprises
In the article the main outcomes of operations on energy
efficiency on the largest metallurgical firms JSK Magnitogorsk Iron
and Steel Works for last 15 years are represented. The main
directions of the program of power saving are marked, in a basis
which one gobs up a system approach and scientific-technical
analysis all industrial and master schedules of firm. The common
guidelines and practical examples of decreasing of power inputs for
the score of the optimal handle of technological modes and native
born reconstruction of production are indicated.
Key words: power-saving, operating control, control of a power
consumption modes, power management, energy efficiency, power
balance, power consumption generalized metric, specific
consumption.
669.1.013.6 : 620.9
-
44
4 2012
;
;
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.
- -. (), . - , , . , , , , . , - . - -. ( ) [2].
, . , - .
- -. , , , - , , ,
-
45
4 2012
, -. 1996 . 35,4 %, 2000 . 21,7 %.
. 1 - 5 (19962000 .). 8,23 / . (34,48 / .) 1996 . 6,42 / .
(26,90 / .) 2001 . 5 ( 6,7 / ., 6,1, 5,6) [1, 2].
- . - , - .
1996 .
497 . - 6570 %, . () - () . . - , .
. - 100 , 1618 , 85 . / . , . 2003 . -. 2007 .
. 1. 19962000 .
, /
-
46
4 2012
- 650 620 .
- - (). , - , , - . , , , -, 23 , . , , 50 % : , , .
- - ( ). , ,
() . . 1997 . 137 , ( 2005 .) 7,5 , - -10. , 2 ( 351,3 702,2 3),
1,5 ( 4387 6658 3), - - 23,4 36,0 %.
- - -, . - ( , 5000 , 2000 .) .
, -
. 2.
, /
-
47
4 2012
2006 . : - - . ( 88,7 % 2005 . 75,0 % 2007 .) 6,52 5,63 /
[4].
. 2 19962009 . - ( 8,24 / . 1996 . 5,63 2007 .). 1 31,7 %.
- ( - ) 20032005 . ( , ) 20082009 .
. . 3 , - 19962009 .
, , , , -, , .
: - .
, - . , ,
. 3.
, /
-
48
4 2012
.
, - 2000 /3, . 7080 . 3/, 1520 . 3/ . . - - () , . - , 0,70,9 /
.
-, , - - , , , , . , , , - , .
- - -
, - . - , -.
, , , - . , , , , -, . , , , , - .
, . [1]:
1. - ( , , , ) , .
2. -, -
-
49
4 2012
-.
3. - - .
4. .
5. - .
- , . - - , , , .
- . . . - : ( ), , . [1, 3]. -10, -4, -5, -- , ; - , ; ( ); -10
.
, , - - , - -.
, - ( , ), - - .
1. . ., . ., - . . . .: , 2003. 480 .
2. . ., . . - -. : , 2000. 283 .
3. . ., . . - - // , 2010, 2. . 3439.
4. . ., . . - - // , 2010. 10. . 59.
-
50
4 2012
, . - , .
, . , . . . [1, 4].
. ., . . , ; . ., ; . ., ; . ., ,
. . . , 455000, . , ., . , 38.. (3519) 29-85-81, -mail:
[email protected]
. , , . . .
: , , , , .
Calculation of share contribution into stand-by losses by the
example of MMK OAO
The Federal Agency of tariffs of Russia establishes level of
limiting tariffs for the electric power for legal bodies. The
tariff for the electric power includes some components, including
the price for services of transport and electric power
distribution. The specification of losses of electric energy is
included In this component. Idling losses are one of components of
the specification of losses of electric energy. At present the
share contribution to electric power losses is defined on the
simplified methods. Therefore working out of a method of definition
of the share contribution to idling losses is an actual problem for
today.
Key words: the electric power tariff, the specification of
losses of the electric power, idling loss, methods of definition of
losses, consumers of electric energy.
621.316.11:621.311.1.003
-
51
4 2012
- . [3]. -. e.
. -, - . - , , ( 2007611306 ).
, , -. , . - [2].
- . . - , - , . - (./).
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; K .
, :
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(1)
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(3)
(4)
(5)
-
52
4 2012
.
- . , - , , (. 2). - .
, . :
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S, i ; Pi ; Re(j)
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1
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3,46 5115
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0,86 664
, -
2,6 4451
-
53
4 2012
. - .
. -
. 2.
2
,
, . .
110 :
0,01 27,2
. 0,05 98,5
0,1 156
35 :
. 0,017 31,3
. 0,031 58,3
10 :
. 0,0072 9,2
0,2983 21,3
0,0038 5,28
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0,0016 2,09
. 0,0046 8,39
-
54
, , . , . . 1 .
. 1 , 25 % . - . 2.
. 2 , 110 35 , - -.
.
1. . ., . ., - . . , - - : . .: - , 2003. 280 .
2. . ., . ., - . ., . ., . . -- // - , 2008. 6. . 1622.
3. - - . 30.12.2008 326.
4. . ., . . / . . . . .: , 1981. 216 .
, : [email protected] (499) 346-2073, : (495) 749-2164,
211-5418, 749-4273.
http://ge.panor.ru
: , - - -; ; -; ; -; ; - -; - ; - .
: . . -, - ; . . , -, . . ; . . -, ; . . , - ; . . , -, - ; . .
, - ; . . , ; . . ,
-; . . , -, - , , -, , .
- - .
. 80 . .
r r r r r r rIT-r r
16577 82715
-
55
4 2012
- . ; ; ; - ( , , .); .
, - - : , , , , , , [1] - , . - -, .
-.
. , - . - .
20092010 . - -
. . , . . ; . . , . . ; . . , ; . . , , 129090, . , . , .
35.
, , - , , .
: , , -.
Improvement of power efficiency of heat supply systems in
RZHD
One of the tasks solved under the frameworks of development of
energy strategy of holding company Russian railways is to make an
assessment of the technical state of the main heat and power
equipment and identification of the ways of improvement of energy
efficiency during operation of heat supply systems, as these
systems are an important part of infrastructure providing
transportation process.
Key words: heat supply, energy efficiency, rapid monitoring.
621.311:658.26
-
56
4 2012
, .
01.01.2010 ( , , - ) 6184 , 2365 (1827 538 ), - 285, 163, 14,
765, 231. (2361) .
- () - . 1, . 2. (38,16 %), 1,92 % . , (0,01 %).
- ( 1 /), , - , ( 11 %). -
( ) 4,03 /, 1,1 /. - .
, ( ) 0,7 70 %. . . , , .
, 96,62 % , . - , . - 163 (329 ),
. 2.
. 1. -
-
57
4 2012
. - 2009 . 15 . ( 0,6 /, 45 ).
( 90 %) - , . , - , (. 3). - 2009 . 12 455 942 . (23,5 %, - ) -
, , .
- . , , , 87,18 %; 23,30 % .
, - , , , (91,25 %).
, - -, . . 4 - . , ( 20 %, ) 30 ( 1976 .). 50 (,
. 3.
-
58
4 2012
, ). 2 % ( ).
, , . - 26 %.
(22,8 %) 30 - . , (25 ), 32 %. . . 5.
, , - -: - ; ; ; ; - ; , ; ( 90 %), . (23,3 %) - , .
, , :
1) ( ,
. 4.
-
59
4 2012
- , );
2) ( -, );
3) ( );
4) ( - , , .).
, , ,
[2, 3] 5,2 % (.).
- :
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(- );
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1,76
* 80 9095 % 0,21
* .
-
60
4 2012
( - );
;
- ;
;
;
-.
- , , . 30 % 57 %.
- , , ( 58 %) .
- :
;
;
;
;
; - -
( 2025 % );
;
;
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- ;
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-
61
2030 %, -.
1. . ., . . - - -
/ . , 2009. 9. C. 4244.
2. . ., . . // . 2009. 7. C. 610.
3. . ., . . - - // . 2010. 3. C. 1214.
. http://gendirektor.panor.ru/
: - ; - - , . . , - , -, ; - ; , , - - ; - - ; - ; - , - ; . -;
- .
: . . -, ; . . , - - ; . . , - , ; . . , . . . -; . . , -; . . ,
; . . , - ; . . , - ; . . , -; . . , .,
; . . , , .; . . , - ; . . , , , - , - , -, - , , , .
- , , - -, .
-. 88 . -.
r r r : r r r r r-r r r r , r r
16576 82714
, : [email protected] (499) 346-2073, : (495) 749-2164,
211-5418, 749-4273.
-
62
4 2012
-, .
, .
Comprex , , - . - : , . . - , . , .
, Comprex . . , - , Comprex . < 1 /, . - . - 10 15 /.
. , - . , .
Comprex , - . -: . . - , . - . . . . .
, Comprex, . , -. , , , , , - . . .
- . - -
-
63
4 2012
. Comprex , .
- Comprex -, . , - , , , -.
, , Comprex . -, , -, . . . - , . . . .
.
, , - . , -, , - - . , . , , -. - , , . , .
, . , . - , , , .
. Comprex
-
64
4 2012
261- - - , , - , - - 1 2012 . , , , , , ? 1517 , , 40 % (
2,5 % ). 60 % ( 30 % ) . 261- , , - . ( ) , , - . , -, , ,
. ., -610021, . , . , 92.E-mail: [email protected];
http://www.promavtomatika.vzljot.ru
- , . . .
: , , , , - , .
Inspection and repair of devices metering consumption of thermal
energy and water
Necessity to create service repair and calibration services for
maintenance of water meters, flow meters during their operation is
explained. Basic technical requirements for key elements of these
service cen-ters drenching calibration rigs-are formulated. Minimal
set of technical tools and measuring instruments for creation of
service departments is suggested.
Key words: drenching installation, water meters, heat meter,
flow meter, recording of public resources, calibration of
meters.
681.2.089
-
65
4 2012
( - , , .), -- , (, , , -), () . , 261- , , , 4 ? , - , ?
, 2006 . - 307 , . , 2006 ., 2010 . . , .
- 94- , , - () . - ( , ), - 94-. , , .
, , / . .
. - 2003 . - , - . ? 2003 . 40 % , 60 % . 2003 . - 60 %, 1,5- .
, 2 , 2530 %. 2 . - , , .
2003 . - . - 23 . , , . , . , . - 2003 . . - ,
-
66
4 2012
4 , , , 4 . 2003 . ( ) , -. , (-) , , . .
, 261- , , , . . [1, 2, 3]:
1) . : 010 , 0(4)5(20) , 020 000 , RS 232 (485), , ; ; -;
2) . , ;
3) -, ;
4) - , ;
5) . - , ;
6) , ;
7) . - - - , ;
8) ;
9) - . - , ;
10) ;
11) 0,15 % , 0,05 %;
12) . ( ) -. , - ;
13) - ;
-
67
4 2012
14) - , - ;
15) , - ;
16) ( ) - ;
17) - ;
18) - .
( ) - (. 1, 2).
, , , , , - , - .
- -
; - ; (, , ); -; ; ; -; .
, -. :
- , - , ;
- . , . - , () - , --.
,
. 1. -07 . 2. -05
-
68
4 2012
. - , , -: , , , . - , :
, ;
, -, ;
-.
- - - ,
-.
1. . . - , - / - . - . ., 2010.
2. . . - - / - . 2004. 3.
3. . ., . ., . . - / . 2007. 5.
, : [email protected] (499) 346-2073, : (495) 749-2164,
211-5418, 749-4273.
http://normtrudprom.panor.ru
: , ; - ; , - - , , , ; ; , ; - .
: . . , , - - , - , - . , -; . . , - . ; . . , - . , - ; . . , .
.
, .
. . -, . . , - . . . .
- - , - . . . .
. .
80 . .
r r : r r r- r r
16582 82720
-
69
4 2012
, , - , , - , - . () - () .
- ( ) , - ;
- .
- . - - () - , , , - , - .
,
. ., , . -- - ( )362013, , -, . , . , . 44.E-mail:
[email protected]
; -.
: , , , , , .
Geoinformation system for analysis of ecological compatibility
of energy objects
Possibility and scheme of usage of geoinformation system for
analysis of ecological compatibility of electrical energy
facilities is considered and suggested; geoinformation system for
monitoring of ecological and electromagnetic compatibility of
electrical energy facilities by the example of North Ossetia-Alania
is described.
Key words: geoinformation system, energy facilities,
environment, cartographic reference, simulation, ecological
compatibility.
620.9
-
70
4 2012
[1]. , - - .
. - - . N (1, 2 N), - (). . , . - - (1, 2, n) . .
. . - , , , : , , , , -, .
( 1, 2, n). .
, , .
, , () .
() .
- ( ) ( ) - , , . , , - , . - .
- , - - . .
. - . . - ( 28.04.2011). - - .
,
-
71
4 2012
, , - , , - , - ; ,
- .
- ( ) , ;
.
-
72
4 2012
-.
- , - , , , .
- -.
- , , , .
-, , , , , ( , - .), , .
, , , , . - , , . -
- - ( ) . . . , . ., , ; -, , -, . , , , . - - , .
- - , -. - , -, .
() - - [2]. - ; -, , , . - , . . . . [3].
, (), - -.
-
73
4 2012
, . , . , - - , , , - , , -, . -- , , , , . ,
, - - .
1. . ., . . - . .: , 2004. 222 .
2. : . 84144, / . ., . ., . . // . 2009. 18.
3. : . 2339079, / . ., . . // -. 2008. 32.
4. . . . : , 2005. 124 .
http://glavmeh.panor.ru
: - ; - ; - ; - - -; , ; ; , ; ; . - .
: .. -, - ; .. , ; .. , , - . , .; .. , ; .. , - - ; .. , , . .
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- , - .
.
. 80 . .
16578 82716
rr r
r r
r r r , -
, r, -
r -
, : [email protected] (499) 346-2073, : (495) 749-2164,
211-5418, 749-4273.
-
74
4 2012
. ., . ., . . , , , 455000, , ., . , . 38.-mail:
[email protected]
.
: , , , .
Reduction of heat losses through insulation of rotating
furnace
Variant of reduction of natural gas flow due to reduction of
heat losses through the lining of rotary furnace is considered.
Key words: rotary furnace, lining, energy saving, ultra-thin
heat insulator.
621.783.235
. 1. () () ) )
. .
, , , . -
, [1].
, . 1.
. 2 .
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-
75
4 2012
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4. 1 , -. - - - ( -).
1 . . 1 // . . . 05.09.03 . .: ( ), 2009. 21 .
-
77
4 2012
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4 2012
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4 2012
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