3

3 3.1 Pentium3.2 Pentium3.3 Pentium3.4 Pentium3.5 Pentium3.6 Pentium Pro ~Itanium

PentiumPentium8086 Pentium Pentium Pentium ProItanium

Pentium8086 Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium

3.1 Pentium 3.1.1 Pentium1 19933IntelPentium Pentium Pentium0.8mBiCMOS310+5V15W60MHz66MHz

3.1.1 Pentium2 19943PentiumP54C0.6mCMOS3.3V4W50MHz60MHz66MHzPentiumP54C3-1PentiumP54C

3-1 Pentium

MHz MHz Pentium90 601.5903.3V2.9V Pentium100 601.51003.3V Pentium120 6021203.3VPentium133 6021333.3VPentium150 602.51503.3VPentium166 662.51663.3VPentium200 6632003.3V

3.1.1 Pentium3 Pentium64CPU32PentiumPentiumP54C3264D63-D0866MHz66MHzPentium528MB/S

3.1.2 Pentium(1)Pentium CPUUVCacheCacheFPUBTBROMPentium3-1

Pentium CPU

3.1.2 Pentium2 Pentium CPUCPU6432CPU

3.1.2 Pentium31.CacheCache Pentium28KB CacheCacheCacheCPUCacheUV64CacheCacheCPU6432

3.1.2 Pentium4 CacheCacheUVUV

Pentium CPUCache

3.1.2 Pentium5 2. PentiumUVPentium CPU80486Pentium

3.1.2 Pentium6 UV5PFD1D2EXWB1

3.1.2 Pentium7 3. Pentium CPU804863-180880IEEE75480

3.1.2 Pentium8 PentiumADDMUL8048610

3.1.2 Pentium94.BTB Pentiumbranch target buffer

3-1100 MOV SI0200H SI MOV DI0500H DI MOV CX64H 100CXABCMOV AL[SI] MOV [DI]AL INC SI 1 INC DI 1 DEC CX CX=CX-1 JNZ ABC CX0ABC

100%

3.2 Pentium

Pentium

PentiumPentium3-28086 CPU81688816AXBXCXDXSIDIBPSP32EAXEBXECXEDXESIEDIEBPESP816323.2 .1

Pentium

3-3Pentium61664616CSSSDSESFSGS

Pentium

86CPUCPUCPU3-41. 6

3-4

2616 3-516b1b0RPL0-3

Pentium CPU32EIP32EFLAGS3-6

EIPEIP16IPEFLAGS8086 16FLAGS16FLAGS b11~b08086 CPU63NTIOPL166

3.2.2

Pentium44GDTRIDTRLDTRTR45CR0CR1CR2CR3CR40

4 43-7 1GDTRGlobal Descriptor Table Register48321664KB2IDTRInterrupt Descriptor Table Register4832IDT321664KB

3-7 4

(3)LDTRLocal Descriptor Table Register16646432LDT2012 (4)TR1664322012

5

1CR0

2CR2 32CR232 3CR3 201044B12PCDPWT10

3-9 CR2CR3

4CR4 32CR4923

5 Pentium

3.2.3 Pentium: 8 1 1 1 1

1. 8 R7-R08080115642. 168283-11b1b0R0b3b2R1b15b14R7CPU

3-11 Pentium

16FPU1IEIE12DEDE13ZEZE=104PEPE=15SPIE=1SF=1C1=1C1=0

6ESES=1CPU7C0C34SAHFFSTSW4FPUC0SF8TOP9BFPUB=1

FPU1PMIM6666IMIEDMDE22PC2PC0024105311640132RC

3-13 FPU

3.3 Pentium3.3.1 Pentium PentiumVivtual StorageCache

Pentium86 Pentium36CR4PAEPAE=03232A31-A38BE7BE04GBPentium CPU64CPU32Pentium32

3.3.2 Pentium Protected Virtual Address Mode80386 CPUPentium CPUMMUSUPUPentium

1GDTRLDTRGDTLDT 483216GDT64KBPentiumGDTGDTR32133GDT8

CSDSESFSGS643-7LDTLDT

TSSGDTGDT

LDTLDTR6432LDT133LDT83-143-4

3-14 LDTRLDT

LDTR13GDTGDTLDTLDTLDTRLDT3-15

3-15 GDTRGDT

LDT32323232GDT32LDT

2 Pentium32Pentium32

3-2 MOV AL [1888 7777H] MOV AX [EBX] MOV EAX[ESI] MOV ECX[EBX+EDI] MOV DX [EBP] SSDSDS32SS3232

Pentium3-16b2TILDTTI=1GDTTI=0LDT133LDT8B323232

TI=0GDT

3-74832IDTPentiumCPUIDTIDT2568

3-16

CPUPU323232SU32101012 CR4PSEPentiumPU80386/804864KBPSE=04MBPSE=1

14KB 4KB4KB10244KB10243243-17

3-17

P P=1/P=0PWT CachePWT=1CachePWT=0cachePCDCache PCD=1CPUCache

A A=10A

D DD11DD=1D=0D

PSPage SizePS=14MBPS=04KB U/S/ R/W/ U/SR/W3210

Pentium 4KB3-1832101012

3-18 Pentium 4KB

3-3 3C445566HCR3=11223000H 100011 1100 01B420011 1100 0100B=3C4H 1122 3000H+3C4H =1122 33C4H

3-4 2012345H3C44 5566H 12345000H+566H=12345566H

CPUCR3 4KB10241020201201024204KB

10242020120102410244B4KB

101012210210212B=4GB

32124KB202201M220212B=4GB4B4MB

24MB 3221022101024324KBPentium80386/80486CR34MB3-19

4MB10232CR3104KB2010222202232

3-19 Pentium 4MB

13-161632214214+32=64TBSU323232

2 PentiumPUSU4KB4MB32324KB4MB32232=4GBWindows NTWindows 95

324KB64TBUNIX System VOS/23.

3-20

1TI=164KBLDTR32+138232+32=321010123CR3324KB3-18

3.3.3 Pentium 8088/8086 CPU161616161620CPU20A19-A0201MBMS-DOSPentium CPUWindowsDOS16

80861642016201MB2020

3-5 8086FFFFHFFFFHPA=FFFFH16+FFFFH=10FFEFH1PA=0FFEFH

3-6 32DS=1002HFS=2000HBX=3000HMOV AXDS[BX]MOV EAXFS[BX] 1002H00003000H 2000H00003000H

1632 MOV AXDS[EBX] MOV ECXFS[ESI]

3280386/80486/Pentium3-21321MBMS-DOSWindows 3.XCPU32

DSFS32160321664K

3-21

3.3.4 Pentium8086808686V86321632EFLAGSb17=0VM=0VM=1V86

V86863-22V864GB80861MB

CPU0V863CR0PG1b31=1

863-233-5320010FFEFH110b31~b2210010V8611024

102b21b2008256FFFFH16+FFFFH=10FFEFHb201b20=1b19~b0000H~00FH1616256+16=272102486272

3-22 86

V861MB808664KB

V861024V862012324GB

V864KB4KB1MB1MB4GB80861MB4GB8086

3-23 86

3.3.5 3-24CPUCR0b01PE1PEIRETDV86V86V86

3-24

3.3.6 Pentium 80386/80486/Pentium

0OS0

Pentium3-250PLPL=3 Pentium2

3-25 Pentium

1CPLCurrent PLCPLCSb1b0b1b02DPLDiscriptor PLDPLDPLb6b53RPLRequested PLb1b0

3-7PentiumDSESFSGSSSMOVLDSLESPentiumCPLRPLDPLDPLCPLRPL DPLMAXCPLRPL 3-1

2CPL0123RPL31233-13-3

3-3 CPLRPLDPL

3.4 Pentium Pentium5CPUCISC

Pentium3-1UVUVUV

3.4.1 Pentium 32CPUCache BTB ROM

UVPentiumCacheTLB 8KBCacheUV3264

32ALUADD EAXEBX832EAXEBXECXEDXEBPESIEDIESP

3.4.2 UVUVUV5UV3UV3-26PFCache

1D1i1i2

2D2

EXALUWB

3-26 UV

D14 RAWWARWAW i1

3-8 MOV AX BX MOV ECXESI 1NC AX ADD EBXEDI

3-9RAW i1 ADD AXBX i2 MOV CXAX i2i1AXAXAXi2AX

3-10WAR i1 MOV [EBX]AX i2 MOV AXBX i1AXAXi2BXAXWAR

3-12 i1 MUL AXBX i2 ADD AXCX i2i1i2AXWAW

PentiumUV UVUVPentiumUV3-27

3.27

i5i6i2i5i647i3i5i6Ui5EX9i6EX10i6i5i6Ui5VU

3.5 Pentium Pentium103-28I/O

3-28 Pentium

1A20M*A202A1A31293ADS* 4AP5APCHK*

1D63D0642BE7*BE0*83DP7DP04PCHK*5PEN*

1CACHE*Cache2EADS*3HIT*CacheCache4 HITM*CacheCache51NVCache1NV CacheCache

6PCDCache7PWTCPUCachePWT=1CachePWT=0Cache8FLUSH*Cache9KEN*Cache10WB/WT*CPUCache11AHOLD/

1D/C*/2M/IO*/I/O3W/R*/CPU

4LOCK*Pentium CPU5SCYS6NA*7BRDY*

1INTR2NMR3RESET4CLK5INIT

1BUSCHK* 2IERR* 3FERR*4FRCMC*CPU5IGNNE*

1HOLD2HLDACPU

3BREQCPU4BOFF*CPUCPU

1SMI*CPU2SMLACT*CPU

1PM1PM0BP3BP0PM1PM0BP3BP0DR3DR02BT3BT03IUUU

4IVVV5IBT 6R/S*CPU 7PRDYR/S*CPU

1TCK 2TDI 3TDO 4TMS5TRST*

3.6 Pentium Pro~Itanium1993PentiumIntelPentium Pro(1995)Pentium 1997Pentium 1998Pentium 4200064Itanium

80386PentiumPentium 4

3.6.1 Pentium Pro Pentium Pro1Pentium ProL2 Cache 256KB512KB24CPU

3CPU3664GB64TBCPU644Pentium ProRISC5387 Socket 8 Pentium Pro

3.6.2 Pentium Pentium P

12L1 Cache32KBL2 Cache512KBPentiumCPUL1L2 CacheCPU 2Pentium 300643664GB64TB

3Pentium CPU64I/OCPUL2 Cache4MMXPentium 57MMXMMX

3.6.3 Pentium Pentium P3400MHz733MHz100MHz133MHzCPU1.1V1.65VPC-PGA

1P70SSE1250457MMX50MMXSSE8

2P8128432SEE PSSE3D

3.6.4 Pentium 4 Pentium 44200CPU1.4GHz2.2GHz55W12VCPU478Socket 423CPU

3.6.4 Pentium 41CPU464P48503.2GB/S2Pentium 4ALUP42/

3.6.4 Pentium 43P4PMMX70MMXPSSESSE144SSE24CacheL1CacheTrace Cache

3.6.5 Itanium ItaniumIntel6464642.2Pentium10

3.6.5 Itanium1Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing, EPICEPICEPIC

3.6.5 Itanium2Itanium2-3CacheItanium 2CacheL1 CacheCacheCache16KBL2 Cache96KB4MBCacheItanium L1L2L3CacheL3Cache3MB3Itanium4ALU4FNAC9Itanium120

3.6.5 Itanium4Itanium5ItaniumItanium12812864

3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.10