3X

4200333

?DirectFilament motion, CME onset, Line broadening, ...Soft X-ray emission Precursor event (CME onset?) Gradual X-ray enhancementIndirectEmerging flux, Development of satellite sunspot, velocity patterns or strong sheared magnetic field StatisticalHigh magnetic field gradient, Turbulence in filament, Surges, Active region brightness, ... Simnett (1999)

XXXmain5-60!

!explosion?

X(100K)()(1-200K)()linesensitiveun-sensitive filament

?XSMMCME

XYohkoh/SXT

(1)SMMcontents:SMMXXSMM

XTappin (1991) A&A(80/86 : ~93%)X(10-60)precursorpreflareprecursorSMM/HXIS

X Precursor Gradual Increase Impulsive phase

X(Doyle et al. 1985, Solphys.)(~8arcsec)?2?(?)16arcsecXX

(Kane & Donnelly 1971, ApJ; Cheng et al. 1981, ApJ)X(~51012cm-3)X

Porter et al.(1984) ApJ(transient brightening)?

(Cheng and Tandberg-Hanssen 1986, ApJ) : (~4km/s) intensityvelocitydensitySMM/UVSP

Cheng et al.(1985) ApJHXR(OVFeXXI)HXR

?(>4)SMM/HXIS, UVSP

CME(Harrison et al. 1985, Solphys)CME()X(precursor)20transientXpreflaremain flareCME~500km/s

CME(Simnett and Harrison 1985,Solphys.)precursorX(~105km)?CME?preflare site:Bmain flare site:A

???2??CMEX????

(2)Xcontents:YohkohXYohkoh

Farnik (1996) Solphys.41/131(~31%)?gray scale: preflare

Farnik and Savy (1998) Solphys.gray scale: preflarecontour: flareGOES!

Shimojo (1999) in private communication Date:20-Sep-1997 09:30UT GOES C?-class Flare Yohkoh/SXT-PFI in Jet Hunting Campaign High Time Resolution Temperature Mapt9:009:359:31

09:09:09UT09:20:37UT09:27:01UT09:30:31UT09:32:35UTSXT ImageTemp. MapBlue con. : 4MKGreen con. : 5MKRed con. : 6MK

15:Xcanceling region?10: Xflare loopcanceling regionloop6MKCurrent SheetPre-flare Phase

Ohyama and Shibata (1997) PASJ

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(3)CMEcontents:CMEX

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CMECME??2Tether-cuttingBreakout2?

Sigmoid

Tether-CuttingMoore et al. (2001) ApJ(tether)(cutting)(filament)CME

BreakoutbipoleopenCMEAntiochos (1999) ApJ

Tether-CuttingMoore et al. (2001) ApJ

Tether-CuttingSterling et al. (2001) ApJEIT

Canfield (1999) GRLCME83non-50eruption199868Sigmoid (SXTNOAA (200)100

Sakurai et al., (1992), PASJ.

Amari, et al., 2000Magara and Longcope, 2001 Matsumoto, et al., 1998

BreakoutSterling and Moore (2001) ApJ

Breakout

()Aulanier et al. (2000) ApJ1600 (core region)

Warren & Warshall (2001), ApJlight curve::X

()Kurokawa (2003); Saito (2003)1600()?

/ Tether-cutting Breakout?

()()?

light curveKai et al. (1983) PASJ17GHz @Nobeyama25/97(~26%)precursor

Averyaniknina et al. (1990) 612755MHz84/155(~54%)precursor(80%)

Simnett and Benz (1986) Solphys.SMM/HXRBSZurich radio telescope15%(radio quiet)42%g?

Schmahl et al. (1982) Solphys.VLASMM()brightness temp. ~2-3MKX

Kundu et al. (1985) ApJVLAHa1HaactivationeruptedHacompactHa blue

Kundu et al. (1985) ApJ30EFR?

CMEHori and Culhane (2002) A&AGHz@Nobeyamaprominence eruption

Yohkoh/SXT

X

activationeruption

?()CME

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