-

97 09 20 97 12 12 97 12 121

. .........................................................................................................................1 . . .................................................................................................1 . .............................................................................................................2 . .............................................................................................................3 . ..................................................................................................................5 . .....................................................................................................................5 . ..................................................................................................................7 . .............................................................................................................7 . .........................................................................................8 . ................................................................................................................12 . ...................................................................................................12 . ...........................................................................................................14 . ............................................................................................................23 . ...........................................................................................................23 . ...........................................................................................................23 . ...........................................................................................................23 . ...........................................................................................24 .................................................................................................................................26 .............................................................................................................................26 .............................................................................................................................27 .........................................................................................................................................33

1

1 .........................................................................8 2 .............................................................9 3 ...............................................................................................10 4 ..................................................................................................11 1 .......................................................................12 2 ..................................................................................................12 3 ..........................................................................................................13 4 .......................................................................................................14 5 ..............................................................................22

1 .............................................................................................................4 1 .........................................................................................................6

2

. .

(Peter F. Drucker) (Innovate or Die) 1 2

H. Chesbrough 2003 1. 1

2. 3. 4. (Economist Intelligence Unit, EIU) 2007 H. Chesbrough 300 1. 2. R&D (R&D is increasingly being offshored.) 3. 4. R&D (Open Innovation) (Open Innovation) (Open Innovation)

.

1. 2

2. 3. 20032008

.

/

3

-1

-1

4

.

.

J. Schumpeter (1934) P. Drucker (1985) Frankle(1990) Betz(1993) (Amabile, 1988; Kanter, 1988) Higgins(1995) Clark Guy(1988) (Chacke, 1988; Robbins, 1996) Marquis 1982 Henderson & Clark(1990) Christensen(1997) 5

( 2008)

-1 ( 2008)

Chesbrough (2003)

6

.

.

(Literature review) (2000) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 7

.

1. Tobias Fredberg et.al (2007)1 2008 11 30 -1 -1

Open Innovation (//) 20032~20081130

Creativity and innovation management

ISI Web of Knowledge-database(SSCI) Scopus-database (Subject Areas: Social Science)

Open Innovation 2003~20081130

1

Tobias Fredberg et.al 2003 ~2007 11 20 2003 2003 8

2

Amazon.com()

2. -2

Open Innovation/(//)

2003~20081130

(http://etds.ncl.edu.tw/) ()3 (http://www.books.com.tw/)()

Open Innovation/

2003~20081130

-3

3

9

-3

Database /Journal ISI4 Web of Knowledge DB Web of Science (WOS) Scopus DB Creativity and innovation management Journal

Search Critiea SSCI Topic/Title (Open innovation)

Result Qty=60

Social Science ALL TEXT open innovation

Qty=105 Qty=14

()

1. open innovation open innovation 2. working paper 3. ISI WOK Database Scopus Database -4

4

SCOUPS DB & ISI WOK DB 10

-4

Database /Journal ISI Web of Knowledge DB Web of Science (WOS)

Search Cretia 2003~2008/11/30 SSCI Topic/Title open innovation Doc Type Article+Review

Results Results Qty=45 42(Article) +3(Review) Year 2008(16) /2007(10) 2006(13) /2005(3) 2004(1) / 2003(2) Author

Scopus DB

2003~2008/11/30 Subject Areas:Social Science Doc Type Article+Review

Qty=345 25(Article) +9(Review) Qty=7

2008(12) / 2007(10) 2006(7) / 2005(4) 2004(1) 2008(1) / 2007(3) 2005(3)

Lichtenthaler, U.(10) Chesbrough, H (7)

Creativity and Innovation Management Journal

ALL TEXT open innovation Open Innovation/

Qty=4

2008(4)

()

5

ISI WOK DB 37 ( 6 Review + 31 Article) 11

.

.

-1 -1

2003 2 2.33%

2004 2 2.33%

2005 2006 2007 2008 20 23 29 10 11.63% 23.26% 26.74% 33.72%()

86 100%

971130 496 6 86 5 -2

1 2 3

Research Technology Management R & D Management Creativity and Innovation Management Journal

11 7 7

6

1 12

4 5 Research Policy

International Journal of Technology Management()

6 5

86-3 3 CHESBROUGH -3

1 2 3

LICHTENTHALER, U CHESBROUGH, H ERNST, H()

11 7 3

(Case Study) Tobias Fredberg et.al(2008) 48% 2008 4 13

.

Tobias Fredberg et.al.

(2008) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)IP 6) 7) Chesbrough (2007) 1) 2) - Chesbrough 1) 2) 7-1 -4

1 2 3 4

7

-

P.212~P.213 14

5 6

(-)

(96)(Case Study) NTT DoCoMo 6() Chesbrough - ( 6) Chesbrough Schwartz (2007) Chiaromonte(2006) Chesbrough Schwartz (2007) R&D ( ) (/ ) (/ ) Van der Meer (2007)

15

Fetterhoff & Voelkel (2006)

Vanhaverb eke(2006) et al.

16

Simard & West (2006) Deep ties wide ties Broring S., Herzog P.(2008) Case Study Fleming & Waguespack 2007 Witzeman et al. (2006) (Not Invented Here, NIH) Dodgson, Gann & Salter (2006) 1) 2) 3) (Web 2.0)17

Dodgson, Gann & Salter (2006) 1. /(Coordinating/aggregating) P&G (C&D Model) (Dodgson, Gann & Salter.,2006Huston & Sakkab, 2006, 2007) Tao & Magnotta (2006)Identify and Accelerate (I&A) 2. (Liberating) Piller & Walcher (2006) Adidas 3. /(Allowing/Including) Gassmann, Sandmeier & Wecht (2006) XP XP 18

Houston & Sakkab (20062007) Enkel, Kausch & Gassmann (2005) 1. Know-How 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Lichtenthaler, U (2008) 1) 2) 19

IP (Henkel,2006) IP (Chesbrough,2003a), IBMINTEL IP IP von Hippel and von Krogh (2006) 1) 2)3) Henkel (2006) (Henkel, 2006) Hurmelinna, Kylheiko and Jauhiainen (2005) appropriability regime8 (Regime) Lichtenthaler, U (2008)152

8

The appropriability regime means those factors that influence. a firms ability to capture profits 20

Bromley(2004)

Chesbrough(2003b) Chesbrough ( 96) 6 (Arrow Information Paradox) Lichtenthaler, U(2008) () (Leveraging) (complement) Tether et al. (2008) (//) Vanhaverb eke(2006) et al.Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm 1) 2)/ 3) (Dyad) 4) 5)/ Christensn, Olesen & Kjaer (2005) 21

Chen, CK(2008) -5

Chesbrough, 2003a, 2003b, 2004, 2006a3, 2006b4; Chiaromonte, 2006; Gassmann & Reepmeyer, 2005; Gaule, 2006; Gruber & Henkel, 2006; Motzek, 2007; West & Gallagher, 2006; West, Vanhaverbeke, & Chesbrough, 2006 Chesbrough, 2003c; Chesbrough, 2007; Chesbrough & Schwartz, 2007; Van der Meer, 2007 - (), (96) Fetterhoff & Voelkel, 2006; Lichtentaler & Ernst, 2006; Lichtenthaler, 2007a, 2007b; Simard & West, 2006, Tao & Magnotta, 2006, Broring S., Herzog P.(2008) Dodgson, Gann & Salter, 2006; Fleming & Waguespack, 2007; Witzeman et al., 2006 Dodgson, Gann & Salter, 2006; Enkel, Kausch & Gassmann, 2005; Gassmann, Sandmeier & Wecht, 2006; Henkel, 2006, Huston & Sakkab, 2006; 2007; Piller & Walcher, 2006; Tao & Magnotta, 2006, Lichtenthaler, U (2008) IP Chesbrough, 2003a; Henkel, 2006; Hurmelinna, Kylheiko & Jauhiainen, 2005 Lichtenthaler, U (2008) Bromley(2004); Chesbrough(2003b); Chesbrough ( 96) Lichtenthaler, U(2008) Tether et al. (2008) Bromley, 2004; Christensen, Olesen & Kjaer, 2005; Vanhaverbeke, 2006, Chen, CK(2008)()

22

. .

(Case Study)

.

2003 ~2008

.

open innovation 23

social sciences 96

.

1.

Web 2.0 (Crowdsouring)

2. 3. 4. 24

25

1. NTT DoCoMo 2. 3. (SIP) 4. --

1. ( 96) 2. ( 89)

1. 9 /2008 10 3

26

1. Amabile, T.M.(1998),A model of creativity and innovation in organization. In B. M. Straw & L.L. Chumming (Eds.), Research in Organiztion Behavior (Vol. 10, pp.123-167).Greenwich ,CT:JAI Press. 2. Betz, F.,Strategic Technology Management. New York:McGraw Hill. (1993) 3. Broring S., Herzog P. 2008 European Journal of Innovation Management, 11(3) :330-348 4. Bromley, D. A. 2004. Technology policy. Technology in Society, 26(2-3): 455-468. 5. Brown, J. S. & Hagel III, J. 2006. Creation nets: Getting the most from open innovation. McKinsey Quarterly(2): 40-51. 6. Chacke, G.K. (1988); Technology Management Application to Corporate Markets and Military Missions-New York: Praeger. 7. Christensen, C.M.(1997), The Innovators Dilemma:When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. 8. Chesbrough, H. 2003a. The logic of open innovation: Managing intellectual property. California Management Review, 45(3): 33. 9. Chesbrough, H. W. 2003b. The era of open innovation. Mit Sloan Management Review, 44(3):35-41. 10. Chesbrough, H. W. 2003c. Open innovation : the new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. 11. Chesbrough, H. 2004. Managing open innovation. Research-Technology Management, 47(1):23-26.27

12. Chesbrough, H. & Crowther, A. K. 2006. Beyond high tech: early adopters of open innovation in other industries. R & D Management, 36(3): 229-236. 13. Chesbrough, H. W., Vanhaverbeke, W., & West, J. (Eds.). 2006. Open innovation: Researching a new paradigm. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 14. Chesbrough, H. W. 2007. Why companies should have open business models. Mit Sloan Management Review, 48(2): 22-+. 15. Chesbrough, H. & Schwartz, K. 2007. Innovating business models with co-development partnerships. Research-Technology Management, 50(1): 55-59. 16. Chiaromonte, F. 2006. Open innovation through alliances and partnership: theory and practice. International Journal of Technology Management, 33(2-3): 111-114. 17. Christensen, J. F., Olesen, M. H., & Kjaer, J. S. 2005. The industrial dynamics of Open Innovation - Evidence from the transformation of consumer electronics. Research Policy, 34(10): 1533-1549. 18. Chen, CK(2008) MANAGEMENT DECISION, 46 (3-4): 501-514. 19. Clark, J, & Guy.K. (1998),Innovation abd Competitiveness: A Review, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 10(3),pp.363-395. 20. Dahlander, L. & Wallin, M. W. 2006. A man on the inside: Unlocking communities as complementary assets. Research Policy, 35(8 SPEC. ISS.): 1243-1259. 21. Dittrich, K. & Duysters, G. 2007. Networking as a Means to Strategy Change: The Case of Open Innovation in Mobile28

Telephony, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 24(5): 510-521. 22. Dodgson, M., Gann, D., & Salter, A. 2006. The role of technology in the shift towards open innovation: the case of Procter & Gamble. R & D Management, 36(3): 333-346.57 23. Enkel, E., Kausch, C., & Gassmann, O. 2005. Managing the risk of customer integration. European Management Journal, 23(2): 203-213. 24. Fetterhoff, T. J. & Voelkel, D. 2006. Managing open innovation in biotechnology. Research-Technology Management, 49(3): 14-18. 25. Fleming, L. & Waguespack, D. M. 2007. Brokerage, boundary spanning, and leadership in open innovation communities. Organization Science, 18(2): 165-180. 26. Gassmann, O. & Reepmeyer, G. 2005. Organizing Pharmaceutical Innovation: From Sciencebased Knowledge Creators to Drug-oriented Knowledge Brokers. Creativity and Innovation Management, 14(3): 233-245. 27. Gassmann, O., Sandmeier, P., & Wecht, C. H. 2006. Extreme customer innovation in the frontend:learning from a new software paradigm. International Journal of Technology Management,33(1): 46-66. 28. Gaule, A. 2006. Open Innovation in Action: How to be strategic in the search for new sources of value. London: Blackwell. 29. Gruber, M. & Henkel, J. 2006. New ventures based on open innovation - an empirical analysis of start-up firms in embedded Linux. International Journal of Technology Management, 33(4):356-372.29

30. Henderson R .M. & Clark, K.B .(1990) ,Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms, Administrative Science Qusrterly, 35, pp.286-316. 31. Henkel, J. 2006. Selective revealing in open innovation processes: The case of embedded Linux. Research Policy, 35(7): 953-969. 32. Higgins, J.M. (1995), Innovation The Core Competence,Planning Review, 23(6),pp.32-35. 33. Hurmelinna, P., Kylaheiko, K., & Jauhiainen, T. 2007. The Janus face of the appropriability regime in the protection of innovations: Theoretical re-appraisal and empirical analysis. Technovation, 27(3): 133-144. 34. Huston, L. & Sakkab, N. 2006. Connect and develop inside Procter & Gamble's new model for innovation. Harvard Business Review, 84(3): 58-67. 35. Huston, L. & Sakkab, N. 2007. Implementing open innovation. Research-Technology Management, 50(2): 21-25. 36. Lichtenthaler, U. & Ernst, H. 2006. Attitudes to externally organising knowledge management tasks: a review, reconsideration and extension of the NIH syndrome. R & D Management, 36(4): 367-386. 37. Lichtenthaler, U. 2007a. The drivers of technology licensing: An industry comparison. California Management Review, 49(4): 67-+. 38. Lichtenthaler, U. 2007b. Hierarchical strategies and strategic fit in the keep-or-sell decision. Management Decision, 45(3): 340-359. 39. Lichtenthaler, U 2008 MANAGEMENT DECISION, 46 (1-2):30

77-91 2008 40. Lichtenthaler, U 2008 ORGANIZATION STUDIES, 29 (7): 1003-1035 JUL 41. Lichtenthaler, U (2008) JOURNAL OF BUSINESS VENTURING, 23 (4): 445-464 JUL 2008 42. Marquis,D.G. (1982), The Anatomy of Successful Innova tion. Cambridge:Winthrop. 43. Motzek, R. 2007. Motivation in Open Innovation: An Exploratory Study on User Innovators. Saarbrcken: VDM Verlag Dr. Mller. 44. P. Drucker (1985),Innovation and Entrepreneurship. New York:Harper & Row. 45. Piller, F. T. & Walcher, D. 2006. Toolkits for idea competitions: a novel method to integrate users in new product development. R & D Management, 36(3): 307-318. 46. Robbins,S.P. (1996), Oraganiztion Behav ior:Concept, Controversies and Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall. 47. Schumpeter,J.A. 1934, The Theory of Economic Development. Camb ridge:Harva rd University Press. 48. Tao, J. & Magnotta, V. 2006. How air products and chemicals identifies and accelerates. Research Technology Management, 49(5): 12-18. 49. Tether, BS (Tether, Bruce S.); Tajar, A (Tajar, Abdelouahid). (2008) RESEARCH POLICY, 37 (6-7): 1079-1095 JUL 2008 50. van der Meer, H. 2007. Open Innovation The Dutch Treat: Challenges in Thinking in Business Models. Creativity and Innovation Management, 16(2): 192-202.31

51. West, J. & Gallagher, S. 2006. Challenges of open innovation: the paradox of firm investment in open-source software. R & D Management, 36(3): 319-331. 52. Witzeman, S., Slowinski, G., Dirkx, R., Gollob, L., Tao, J., Ward, S., & Miraglia, S. 2006. Harnessing external technology for innovation. Research-Technology Management, 49(3): 19-27. 53. von Hippel, E. & von Krogh, G. 2006. Free revealing and the private-collective model for innovation incentives. R & D Management, 36(3): 295-306.

1. Dane, F.C., 1990, Research Method, California: Brooks/Cole. 2. Henry Chesbrough (Editor), Wim Vanhaverbeke (Editor), Joel West (Editor)., 2006 Open Innovation: Researching a New Paradigm

1. Tobias Fredberg, Maria Elmquist & Susanne Ollila, (2008) Managing Open Innovation - Present Findings and Future Directions, Vinnova Report ,VR 2008:02, Chalmers University of Technology. 2. Economist Intelligence Unit (2007), Sharing the Idea: The Emergence of Global Innovation Networks. London: EIU.

1. Randy Burge. Internet allows us to resource the crowd, 2007.4, http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2007/apr/09/randy-burge-internetallows-us-resource-crowd/32

SCOPUS&WOS 1 SCOPUS 15,000 SCI SSCI Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE)Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI)Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) Web (WOS) of Science 9,000 110 2300

2

33