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- i -

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- ii -

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- iii -

< 2 - > 0 .1 1 4 < 2 - > 1 .2 1 4 < 2 - > 2 .3 1 4 < 2 - > 3 3 .4 1 4 < 2 - > IT () 4 .5 C 1 1 4 < 2 - > IT () 4 .6 C 1 2 4 < 2 - > 5 .7 1 4 < 2 - > 6 .8 1 4 < 2 - > 6 .9 1 4 < 2 - 0 9 . 1> 1 4 < 2 - > 22 / . 1 00 2 1 6 < 2 - > 22 / . 2 00 2 6 2 < 2 - > 6 .3 2 6 < 2 - > / .4 2 8 6 < 2 - > 8 .5 2 6 < 2 - > 0 .6 2 7 < 2 - > 2 0 .7 2 7 < 2 - > P P 2 .8 B 2 7 < 2 - > C 5 .9 2 O 7 < 2 - 0 C 5 . 1> 2 O 7 < 2 - 1 6 . 1> 2 7 < 2 - 2 6 . 1> 2 7 < 2 - 3 / . 1> 2 7 7 < 2 - 4 21 7 . 1> 05 2 7 < 2 - 5 8 . 1> 2 7 < 2 - > 3 .1 3 8 < 2 - > 9 .2 3 8 < 2 - > ( .3 3 ) 0 9 < 2 - > 5 .4 3 9 < 2 - > 5 .5 3 9 < 2 - > H 5 .6 3 V 9

- iv -

< 2 - > E 5 .7 V 3 9 < 2 - > 6 .8 3 9 < 2 - > 6 .9 3 9 < 2 - 0 7 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 1 7 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 2 8 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 3 8 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 4 8 . 1> 3 9 < 3 - > 1 .1 1 5 1 < 3 - > 1 .2 1 16 < 3 - > 1 .3 1 6 1 < 3 - > 1 .4 1 17 < 3 - > 1 .5 1 17 < 3 - > 1 .6 1 7 1 < 3 - > 4 .7 1 2 2 1 < 3 -> 4 . 8 2 1 2 1 < 3 - > 2 .9 1 4 1 < 3 - > 3 .1 2 3 1 < 3 - > 8 .1 5 18 < 3 - > 8 .2 5 18 < 3 - > 9 .3 5 8 1 < 3 - > 2 9 .4 5 8 1 < 3 - > 1 .5 5 0 0 2 < 3 - > H V 0 .6 5 E 0 2 < 3 - > 0 .7 5 4 2 < 3 - > 0 .8 5 4 2 < 3 - > 1 .9 5 1 2 < 3 - 0 29 . 1> 5 1 < 3 - 1 2 . 1> 5 0 2 < 3 - 2 2 2 . 1> 5 8 2 < 3 - 3 X E 2 . 1> 5 H V 29 < 3 - 4 I ato o r a eh o ge nk ydies 3 . 1> mp c fp wet i c n l i 5 r nt o so e r r 28 v < 3 - 5 3 . 1> 5 8 2

- v -

< 3 - 6 4 . 1> 5 22 < 3 - 7 : . 1> 5 4 6 2 < 3 - 8 4 . 1> 5 28 < 3 - 9 J 4 . 1> 5 D 9 2 < 3 - > 5 .1 6 5 2 < 3 - > 5 .2 6 25 < 3 - > 5 .3 6 6 2 < 3 - > 5 .4 6 7 2 < 3 - > S T 5 .5 6 WO 9 2 < 3 - > ( .6 6 ) 6 0 2 < 3 - > ( .7 6 ) 6 20 < 3 - > ( .8 6 ) 6 21 < 3 - > ( .9 6 ) 6 1 2 < 3 - 0 6 . 1> 6 22 < 3 - 1 6 . 1> 6 3 2 < 4 - > R .1 1 &D 6 7 2 < 4 - > C F 28 .2 1 A E 6 < 4 - > 21 7 .3 1 05 0 2 < 4 - > 7 .4 1 21 < 4 - > 7 .5 1 22 < 4 - > 7 .6 1 23 < 4 - > 7 .7 1 24 < 4 - > 7 .8 1 25 < 4 - > 7 .9 1 26 < 4 - 0 7 . 1> 2 9 2 < 4 - 1 7 . 1> 1 9 2 < 4 - > I .1 2 MA 9 22 < 4 - > Q a tm' .2 2 u nu sMao u tmes28 jrC so r 9 < 4 - > Q a tm E euie 9 .3 2 u nu x c t s29 v < 4 - > Q a tm' .4 2 u nu sMao rd c ot l 0 jrP o u tP r o o32 f i < 4 - > Q a tm' .5 2 u nu sMao o ei r 0 jrC mptos 3 t 3 < 4 - > ( .6 2 ) 1 6 3 < 4 - > H V H bi) J 30 .7 2 E (yr d V 2

- vi -

< 4 - > H V ( .8 2 E ) 2 0 3 < 4 - > 2 .1 3 2 3 < 4 - > E P V 2 .2 3 V HE 3 3 < 4 - > 2 .3 3 5 3 < 4 - > 3 .4 3 6 3 < 5 - > .1 2 ( ) 7 5 3 < 5 - > .2 2 ( ) 7 6 3 < 5 - > .3 2 ( ) 7 7 3 < 5 - > .4 2 ( ) 7 8 3 < 5 - > 8 .1 3 32 < 5 - > 8 .2 3 33

- vii -

< 2 - > 2 2 .1 1 4 < 2 - > IT () 5 .2 C 1 3 4 < 2 - > 7 .3 1 4 < 2 - > 7 .4 1 4 < 2 - > 2 .5 1 5 < 2 - > 0 .1 2 6 < 2 - > 2 .2 2 6 < 2 - > 3 . 3 5 2 6 < 2 - > 5 .4 2 6 < 2 - > 7 .5 2 6 < 2 - > 7 .6 2 6 < 2 - > N D , 9 .7 2 E O 2 6 < 2 - > 1 .8 2 7 < 2 - > P P 1 .9 B 2 7 < 2 - 0 P P 2 . 1> B 2 7 < 2 - 1 9 . 1> 2 7 < 2 - 2 9 . 1> 2 7 < 2 - > / .1 3 8 0 < 2 - > F A 3 .2 T 3 8 < 2 - > 22 4 . 3 00 3 8 < 2 - > 22 4 .4 3 00 8 < 2 - > 5 .5 3 8 < 2 - > 6 .6 3 8 < 2 - > 7 .7 3 8 < 2 - > 8 .8 3 8 < 2 - > 9 .9 3 8 < 2 - 0 1 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 1 1 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 2 2 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - 3 H V E . 1> E / V 3 2 9 < 2 - 4 3 . 1> 3 9

- viii -

< 2 - 5 4 . 1> 3 9 < 2 - > 9 .1 4 9 < 2 - > 0 .2 4 10 < 2 - > L 10 .3 G 4 0 < 2 - > 0 .1 5 3 1 < 2 - > 0 .2 5 14 < 2 - > / .3 5 0 5 1 < 3 - > 1 .1 1 2 1 < 3 - > IM 1 .2 1 P 13 < 3 - > 2 .3 1 10 < 3 - > 8 .1 5 19 < 3 - > 9 .2 5 0 1 < 3 - > 9 .3 5 1 1 < 3 - > 9 .4 5 12 < 3 - > E 9 .5 5 V 3 1 < 3 - > ( .6 5 ) 9 14 < 3 - > ( .7 5 ) 9 14 < 3 - > ( .8 5 ) 9 15 < 3 - > ( .9 5 ) 9 5 1 < 3 - 0 ( . 1> 5 ) 9 16 < 3 - 1 ( . 1> 5 ) 9 6 1 < 3 - 2 9 . 1> 5 7 1 < 3 - 3 ( . 1> 5 ) 9 7 1 < 3 - 4 G enC rP oet21 . 1> 5 re a rjc 0 < 3 - 5 L IH V 0 . 1> 5 P E 3 2 < 3 - 6 ( . 1> 5 ) 0 6 2 < 3 - 7 ) 0 . 1> 5 27 < 3 - 8 0 . 1> 5 28 < 3 - 9 0 . 1> 5 9 2 < 3 - 0 1 . 2> 5 0 2 < 3 - 1 C 1 . 2> MI 5 26 < 3 - 2 . 2> 5 1 7 2 < 3 - 3 B t r oB t r hrigS s m( 2 C ) 1 . 2> 5 at yT at yC agn yt B B S 7 e e e 2

- ix -

< 3 - 4 T T . 2> H 1 5 8 2 < 3 - 5 2 . 2> 5 1 2 < 3 - 6 21 . 2> 5 2 < 3 - 7 . 2> 5 2 22 < 3 - 8 . 2> 5 2 2 2 < 3 - 9 2 . 2> 5 3 2 < 3 - 0 Lb . 3> 5 i 2 8 2 < 3 - 1 1 . 3> 5 4 3 1 2 < 3 - 2 1 . 3> 5 R &D 21 3 < 3 - 3 3 . 3> 5 3 2 < 3 - 4 . 3> 5 () 3 1 6 2 < 3 - 5 . 3> 5 () 3 2 6 2 < 3 - 6 20 4 . 3> 04 5 22 < 3 - 7 4 . 3> 5 23 < 3 - 8 4 . 3> 5 24 < 3 - 9 4 . 3> 5 24 < 3 - 0 S C 4 . 4> O 5 5 2 < 3 - 1 S C 4 . 4> O 5 25 < 3 - 2 4 . 4> 5 27 < 3 - 3 5 . 4> 5 4 8 2 < 3 - 4 5 . 4> 5 4 9 2 < 3 - > S T 26 .1 6 WO 5 < 3 - > 5 .2 6 28 < 3 - > 5 .3 6 29 < 4 - > 6 .1 1 29 < 4 - > 7 .2 1 0 2 < 4 - > 7 .3 1 1 2 < 4 - > 7 .4 1 1 2 < 4 - > 7 .5 1 21

- x -

< 4 - > 7 .6 1 22 < 4 - > 7 .7 1 2 2 < 4 - > 7 .8 1 23 < 4 - > 7 .9 1 3 2 < 4 - 0 7 . 1> 1 4 2 < 4 - 1 7 . 1> 1 24 < 4 - 2 P E P V 8 . 1> 1 H V E 0 2 < 4 - > Fs e K r 0 .1 i r 2 k ama30 < 4 - > MAG A 1 .2 2 N 37 < 4 - > 22 2 . 1 00 3 31 < 4 - > 2 .2 3 5 3 < 4 - > 2 .3 3 7 3 < 4 - > ( .4 3 ) 2 8 3 < 4 - > G . 5 M 39 3 3 < 4 - > D E 30 .6 3 O 4 < 4 - > 4 .7 3 1 3 < 4 - > D E 4 .8 3 O 1 3 < 4 - > 4 .9 3 2 3 < 4 - 0 4 . 1> 3 3 3 < 4 - 1 4 . 1> 3 34 < 4 - 2 4 . 1> 3 35 < 4 - 3 4 . 1> 3 35 < 4 - 4 iMiV 4 . 1> - E 3 36 < 4 - 5 iMiV 4 . 1> - E 3 7 3 < 4 - 6 iMiV 4 . 1> - E 3 8 3 < 4 - 7 E s se cniuain 4 . 1> V y tm o f rt 8 3 g o 3 < 4 - 8 5 . 1> 3 4 3 < 4 - 9 . 1> 3 5 4 3 < 4 - 0 5 . 2> 3 35 < 4 - 1 5 . 2> 3 35 < 4 - 2 T eftr o rn t r 5 . 2> h uuep we ewok 36 3 < 4 - 3 U igE i igIf srcue 5 . 2> s 3 n xs n nr t tr t a u 36 < 4 - 4 P we n n rycp bli fMa n k s 5 . 2> o ra dE eg a a it so 3 ie n e e 37

- xi -

< 4 - 5 SrcueP o oa 5 . 2> t tr rp sl 8 3 u 3 < 4 - 6 E V R 5 . 2> L I E 3 38 < 4 - 7 21 6 . 2> 00 3 31 < 4 - 8 6 . 2> 3 32 < 4 - 9 , . 2> 3 3 6 3 3 < 4 - 0 6 . 3> 3 3 3 < 5 - > .1 1 R &D 7 0 3 < 5 - > 7 .2 1 33 < 5 - > 7 .1 2 5 3 < 5 - > 7 .2 2 6 3 < 5 - > 7 .3 2 7 3 < 5 - > 7 .4 2 8 3 < 6 - > 9 .1 1 0 3

- xii -

(1~27)

1

29

1.

1

1. 1 . . . ,

. . 1) 1. - - - 2. - - (EV) - -

31

(Green Car)

2) 1 . NEV, EV, , , , , , , ,

/ / / / / / , , , , / / , , , , , , , , , , ,

// ,,,, ,

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32

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-

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33

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35

2.

2

2. 1 . , . .

. HEV() PHEV (), PEV(), FCEV() . , . . .

. , . 10 . (Rear Car, ) .

37

(Green Car)

. 2009 10 11 2010 2 3 . . . 180 .

. 2010 60km/h . NEV(Neighborhood Electric Vehicle) . . (full-speed) . . , , . . .

. , . ,

38

2.

. . .

2.1.1 . (OEM) , , . . : , , , , , , , , , , , , , : , CT&T, (AD-TECS) : , , , , , , , . . . CO2 . , , . CO2, PM, . .

39

(Green Car)

) CO2 () , , . : CO2 - (HEV) - (PHEV) - (FCV) - - : ( ) : , : () : CO2 :

- (PEV, BEV) :

40

2.

(E ) H V

(H V P E)

(V E)

(C V FE)

+

( )

( )

/ Z r- mi in eo E s o s , ( )

/ Z r- mi in eo E s o s ( 0m) 1 k 0 H V E 5m k ( 6k 0 m ) ( ) ( ) L I P ( ) H moo y tn i ( , ) S r t a pie n rV n ( , ) C E N V LA O A 2 LS / U 3P (V , SE ) ( ) I E - V Mi ( ) e Z n - oe (T T C &) A R R UO A (D T C ) A -E S

( ) , ( , )

211 00 1

21 05

; (2009 10 8)

41

(Green Car)

- - 2 4 2-

GM, -, BMW 2-

42

2.

2.1.2 ) : ,

. . . , . ... . . . . . . . . ( - , ) . 3

43

(Green Car)

ICT (1)

ICT (2)

44

2.

ICT (3)

45

(Green Car)

46

2.

47

(Green Car)

? - : 1 - : 500 - 600 2, 4 , , . . , , , : - , . - -

?

?

?

?

- CO2 280ppm - 386ppm : 2ppm - 450ppm

48

2.

- , - : - ICE : 1/3 - Mega City :

( : , 20. . . 09 9 2 2)

) : . (Plug In Hybrid) . GM - GM - E-REV (Extended -Range Electric Vehicle) :

49

(Green Car)

- - 1 100km - 2009 , EREV(Extended-Range EV) - - (18 kWh) - - CO2 32g/km, 100km - 1 - 580km - 0100km/h 11 , 150km/h. S500 - S500 - 10 kWh , - 60 - 31.2km/L, CO2 74g - 0100km/h 5.5 PHEV - - - , HSD(Hybrid Synergy Drive) - - - 230V 1 30 - EV 100km/h, 20km - : 97 1.8 , 79 - CO2 . . . .

50

2.

. 1989 (DUO) . 1997 A4 1.9 29ps DUO . . 80km/h . . . PX-MIEV PX-MiEV . . 1.6 . . E-4WD 4WD. E-AYC . , , . 50km( 10.15) . 100V 200V . 48km .

51

(Green Car)

. 2020 20% . ,

52

2.

2.2 . () . . . A&D , 2020 . .

2.2.1 ! ,

. / . Coulomb, GridPoint, Vattenfall RWE . GM, BMW Tesla, Coda Fisker . , . , 300 EV , 25,000 . . .

53

(Green Car)

. ' ' . City of London, , City of London, ICAP . . , , . .

. . CO2 280ppm 386ppm 2ppm , 450ppm .

. . . *1. / , . , . 15 .

54

2.

2009 , . . . . . . . TV, , . . . , . . (Top-down) , . . , 2 . , () . .

. .

. .

55

(Green Car)

- 2009 . , . . 2 . - , , , , (eco) , . . - 21 golden rule . . . , . - . . . 2 . - , , , , . . . - 21 .

56

2.

. . , . - 21 , = . , , . . - *1. / , .() *1 , . , (NOx) = . , , . . , , . , . 2020 .)

- . . , . 15 .

57

(Green Car)

? - . . . - 2 () , . . 2 . - 2 . WiMAX . - . . - . 2 . i MiEV 130km/h, 1 130km .*2~3. , 1 80km , .() *2 . i MiEV 180kg 2, 0~80km/h 1.5 . . . 20 80% . *3 2007 40 i MiEV SPORT 180km/h, 1 200km, .

58

2.

. .

- () . i MiEV , 1km 1/10 . , . . - . , . LPG( ) . . - (cell) . 2 125 . 4 / . - , . - , 2 . . - 10 . , () .

59

(Green Car)

- 2 . () . - . . .

.(A&D )

: Nikkei BP[ Report 2009-2025]

[ 24, 31 ] 24, 31 [2009 8 ] Tesla Motors EV Innovations Coda Automotive Chrysler i-MiEV, iMiEV Sport Air eVan Tesla Roadster, Model S Wave, Inizio Coda Sedan Dodge Circuit EV

60

2.

Ford Motors Focus EV ZENN Motor Company ZENN EIBiI Norge AS Buddy, METRO Buddy Think Nordic Th!NK city Daimler smart ed, BlueZERO E-CELL BMW MINI E Brabus Brabus Electric Drive Magna Steyr mila EV Pininfarina, Bollore BLUECAR Start Lab Girasole Seat Leon Twin Drive Ecomotive Renault Kangoo be bop Z.E. REVA Electric Car REVA, REVA-NXG Tata Motors Indica Vista EV BYD Auto e6 Chery Automotive() Riich()M1 EV

2.2.2 2020 . . . . 10 20 . IBM. A.T. KEARNEY . 2020 /

: 2020

61

(Green Car)

2020 /

: , 2009. 3.,

2020 2020

62

2.

2020 , 2020 , , , , , 2020 , , 2020 ,

63

(Green Car)

IT, BT, NT , CSR , / ,

2.2.3 3~4 : . . . . . .

64

2.

3

65

(Green Car)

? ? ? ?- CO2 280ppm - 386ppm : 2ppm - 450ppm - , - : - ICE : 1/3 - Mega City : (FACTS) :

- -

66

2.

2.2.4 ?

2.2.5

67

(Green Car)

/

( : , 20. . . 09 9 2 2)

68

2.

2.2.6 (FACTS) : . , . - . - NEDO, 2 NE O 2 D ,

- , Wh/kg - W/kg

69

(Green Car)

- 1

2

70

2.

2.2.7 , , - - 1

(: , , 2208. 9)

PBP

:

71

(Green Car)

PBP

PBP

72

2.

2.2.8 , 2009. 11. 5. 7 20km/h . ON . . NHTSA , NHTSA(National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) . 8,387 77(0.9%), 48(0.6%). 55 9,703 3,578(0.6%), 1,862(0.3%) 2 . NHTSA . . . , . 2 .

73

(Green Car)

VW, E-UP 2009 . E-UP . . . . . , . 2.2.9 (FACTS) : . . TA . . 80% . . . . .

74

2.

CO

Business Opportunities becaust the solution is more than a hybrid,Roland Berger Strategy Consultants, 2008. 5. 14. USA ,

CO

75

(Green Car)

76

2.

/

2015

77

(Green Car)

2.2.10 ICE

2.2.11 (, ) . . ? 10 ? . ? ? ? 4 ? . . .

78

2.

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79

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.

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80

2.

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81

(Green Car)

( : , , 2009. 8. 11.)

) : - . - - :

82

2.

FTA

83

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2020

: 2020 , 2009. 3.

2020

: 2020 , 2009. 3.

84

2.

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) . . . 2007 2008 . . , . , , , .

85

(Green Car)

. . . . , . . . . OEM . 2020

[

] CSM Worldwide (Light Vehicle)

: A , B : EV

86

2.

2020 1 EV, PHEV 3%, HEV 6%

87

(Green Car)

JP . 1 . . . 45

.

88

2.

IBM . , , , . , . 1 EV ( : IBM Automotive 2020 Global Study, )

.

89

(Green Car)

2009 3 2020 2020 , , , . 2030 ()

1 . 2030 61.8% . 2007 57.2% 38.2% . . tan . . .

90

2.

91

(Green Car)

) 4 HEV/EV

92

2.

)

93

(Green Car)

94

2.

)

/HV /EV

95

(Green Car)

96

2.

2013 . .

97

(Green Car)

(EV, FCEV, HEV, E-Scooter) : (: - 100 1,287 , 2009. 11.)

2008 259,510 35,710

2009 332,464 47,7777

2010 478,724 7 588

2011 694,198 95,647

2015 1564,408 212,743

* 2009 6 8 . 2010 2011 100% . 2015 5 .

: (: - 100 1,287 , 2009. 11.)

2015 573,147 652,990 99,172

2008 357% 25.6 321

() () ()

* 2008 2015 321 .

: (: - 100 1,287 , 2009. 11.)

2015 64,397 42,300

2008 5.6 4.4

* . .

98

2.

2.4 (EV) . . Li LG, SB, . 2.4.1

. . .

99

(Green Car)

( )

LG

100

2.

2.4.2

101

(Green Car)

PHEV(EREV) PEV (BEV, ) . .

102

2.

25 . . . . .

2.5.1

. . . , .

103

(Green Car)

, 2 . - - 2010 . .

2.5.2 . .

104

2.

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105

(Green Car)

. ( ) . BMW ( ) . . . . .

106

3

107

3.

3

. .

1. - , - NEV 2. , , , , 500 CKD

1. 2. , 3. ,

109

(Green Car)

3.1 3.1.1 . . , , 3 . . .

110

3.

111

(Green Car)

)

- CT&T : - : - AD-TECS , : - 20 - 10 25 - -

112

3.

)

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)

NEV LPi () . , IPM

113

(Green Car)

) : - /h / [CO2]g/, [CO2]t/

- : , , Tear down , : 2009 10. 13 49 - : LS, , , , , , , , , , LS, :

3.1.2 2009 5 R&D , - ( , ) . , .I(* )

80% . .

114

3.

. . 2009 10 13 2009 . . - , , 3 - LPG - , 2 - HEV . - 2~3 , , - : 182/h 17.8/(CO2 : 99g/) 22.3/ : SULEV - : 1.6LPi , 15 , CVT - : , , LPi , (0100KPH, ) 1.6 1.6LPi 1.3HEV 12.0 11.7 13.6 (g/) 171 99 102

115

(Green Car)

1 [E/ITEM] 2 [SUB] [] 46 [], [] 18 [BMS] 8 KUM[] 5 -

LG

[kW] [Nm] [l] [kg] / 15.7 kW 105 Nm 2.22 20.5 0.74 15.3 kW 103 Nm 2.31 20.8 0.71 (/)

[kW/kg]

()

116

3.

[] [] [] / 15.7 5.0 4.6 15.3 5.1 4.6 3.0 3% 2% 3%

3.1 [/] - /

()

8

(3) ()

- : [] [%] [V] [/] / 1.5 90 12.8~14.1 0.68 1.1 0.63

[] [] [/] / 17.8 21 0.85 16.1 31.2 0.52 (/)

- : - , : (30 ) - , LG

117

(Green Car)

: [10.9], [11.3] 195 /h 65% SULEV(Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) 2.4 + 6AT + 30 (270 Volts)

- (/), 65% ( HEV 18.8, HEV 18.6) - (kph) 195, 9.2, - 5 - ,

- ( 20% ) : - ( 10% ) : - : - - - - - - (/ ) - , - / 3% 4% 15% 3% 20% 11% 6% 18% 5%

(-, - , DCT)

118

3.

- - - - : - (THT) - 2 (GLOVEST) - 2 ( ) - (CMI) .

) (1) - 2015 2007 5 - 2009 ( EIA 2009) 08 : : - - : - (2012) : -

119

(Green Car)

- 1 : (09~12) - 2 : (13~20) - 3 : ( ~ 30)

- (NEV) ( 80/h ) - :

120

3.

121

(Green Car)

4

4

122

3.

SWOT

- : 2000 . - 25 ~ 100 : ( , )

123

(Green Car)

- 50 (/, , , ) - . , . - , - 10 , (2)

124

3.

(3)

125

(Green Car)

126

3.

. . . , . .

127

(Green Car)

(4)

128

3.

129

(Green Car)

(5)

130

3.

131

(Green Car)

3.2 3.2.1 - - - - - , - - ,

3.2.2 -

1

132

3.

* '15 10% . OEM 7 . 10% , ,

133

(Green Car)

3.2.3 R&D Action Plan

134

3.

135

(Green Car)

136

3.

137

(Green Car)

138

3.

139

(Green Car)

3.2.4

140

3.

141

(Green Car)

3.3

142

3.

143

(Green Car)

144

3.

145

(Green Car)

146

3.

CO2 386ppm 450ppm CO2 . , . - : , , , 1 - : , 1 , () - : , , 1 2009 , ( , , ), , , 2008 2013 4 . - 2009 10. 8 2011 - 2015 10% /

147

(Green Car)

2010 . . -

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, : . - ( ) - ( )

148

3.

3.4 2009 10 8 . . . . . , . . (1) (2) .

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274

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276

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278

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(2016 ) : (mil $, unit) BMW GM FORD HONDA KIA NISSAN TOYOTA HYUNDAI PORSCHE VW 2008 0.3 -293.1 -204.7 -426.4 -67.8 -177.9 -669.5 -113.7 4.0 -14.9 2016 182.6 1,124.9 678.7 128.6 47.4 172.5 140.1 36.6 22.2 150.3 2008 350,813 3,201,672 2,197,979 1,521,876 301,187 861,037 2,337,611 393,836 37,165 322,856 2016 431,422 3,937,348 2,703,028 1,871,571 370,393 1,058,885 2,874,744 484,331 45,705 397,041

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279

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280

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283

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285

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293

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294

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295

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. 1 , . 2 . .

4.2.2 : Quantum Tech. - New generation auto suppliers: Quantum Technologies-

: Quantum Technologies By: Dan Connell, Monday, June 15, 2009, AutomotiveWorld.com - AutomotiveWorld.com Quantum Fuel Systems Technologies Worldwide . - . 2020 15% , 2015 50% . - , . . . - , , OEM R&D . - OEM

296

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297

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- Quantum 2008 US$2,650 . US$1,768 , Tecstar ( ). 2009 4 30 9 US$1,700 2009 1 31 3 . - 2008 9, Quantum Lake Forest 100,000-sq ft . , (Advanced Technology and Product Development) (Vehicle Integration Center) . - Lake Forest Quantum , . , , . Quantum's Major Customers Quantum's Major Customers Toyota GM Opel Chrysler Hino Ford Bosch Suzuki Daimler Hydro Boeing NASA Asola Ersol Sumitomo Ballard Fisker Yamaha

- Alan P. Niedzwiecki 2002 3 Quantum Fuel Systems Technologies , 2002 8 CEO . 2001 11 COO . Niedzwiecki , 25 . - Jeffrey P. Beitzel Quantum Fuel Systems Technologies .

298

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2005 3 COO . Tecstar Automotive Group Beitzel Tecstar Automotive Group Tecstar Automotive Group . Quantum Executives Quantum Executives Alan P.Niedzwiecki Dale L.Rasmussen Jeffrey P.Beitzel Paul E.Grutzner Brian A.Runkel G.Scott Samuelsen Carl E.Sheffer Carl E.Sheffer Thomas J.Tyson David Mazaika Kenneth R.Lombardo W.Brian Olson Bradly J.Timon Neel Sirosh Charles Vasquez President, CEO & Director Chairman of the Board Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Chief Operating Officer Vice President Chief Financial Officer Chief Accounting Officer Chief Technology Officer Director of MIS

Fisker - 2007 8, Quantum Fisker Coachbuild, LLC Quantum (PHEV) (Q-Drive) Fisker Automotive, Inc. . - Quantum Fisker Automotive, Inc. 62%, 2009 1 31 21.9% . - Quantum 2009 Karma S

299

(Green Car)

Fisker Automotive Q Drive . - Quantum Q-Drive . - Q-Drive ( ) . Quantum 110-V , 220/240-V Quantum . - Fisker Automotive 4- Karma Hybrid Sedan 2009 . Fisker 2008 1 Karma , 2010 7,500, 2011 15,000 . Fisker Karma

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300

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301

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Tecstar - 2008 1, Quantum Tecstar Automotive Group WB Automotive . Quantum 2005 Tecstar Automotive( Starcraft) . - , , , 2 Quantum OEM One-stop-shop . - Quantum . Quantum's Major Product Portfolio Quantums Major Product Portfolio Hydrogen Storage Hydrogen Technologies Hydrogen Fefueling Products TriShield Technology Injectors Advanced Fuel Delivery System Components Regulators Electronic Controllers Fuel Flow Drive Systems Electronic vehicle Control Systems Fuel Cell Hybrid Engine applications Internal Combustion applications Thermal Management Lithium-Ion & Advanced Battery Control Systems Optimized Cell Design Safety Disconnect Systems Control Interface ASOLA Advanced and Automotive Systems Fisker Automotives Solar panels Q-Drive (PHEV) Architecture

302

4.

- Quantum , , , . 1 , ( Quantum ). - 1 , ( Quantum ). - Dynetek Industries Ltd.; Allison Transmission; Lincoln Composites; Structural Composites Inc.; Linde AG; Energy Conversion Devices; Continental; A123 Systems; Altair Nanotechnologies Inc.; Bosch; GS Yuasa Battery; Enova Systems; NEC; Panasonic; SAFT; Sanyo; Valence; Cobasys; Johnson Controls(JCI); Hymotion; Visteon; Azure Dynamics . - Continental, Bosch, Visteon . Quantum Dynetek Industries Ltd, Lincoln Composites, Structural Composites Inc Linde AG . - , A123 Systems, Electron Devices Business, Saft, Battery System Developers and Suppliers, JCI, Valence, Cobasys, Altair Nanotechnologies Inc . Quantum's Major Competitors Quantum's Major Competitors Altair Nanotechnologies, Inc. Delphi Corporation Dynetek Industries Ltd. Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. GS Yuasa Corporation Johnson Controls, Inc. Linde AG NEC Corporation Panasonic Battery India Co Ltd Saft Groupe SA Sanyo Electronic., Ltd. Siemens AG Valence Technology, Inc. Visteon Corporation

303

(Green Car)

GM - Quantum GM , New GM . Quantum . - IMPCO 1993 GM . 2002 Quantum GM GM 10 . - GM 2003 2 Quantum 10,000 PSI . 2006 11 Quantum GM Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell , GM Sequel Fuel Cell Hybrid Quantum . - 1996 , GM Quantum US$7,500 , Quantum 6% . - GM Quantum , , . Quantum , Fisker Automotive GM . - GM Quantum , , . - 2009 3 Quantum 2009 3 (2009 1 31 3) US$590 US$710 17% . GM . Niedzwiecki . - 3 OEM . , Quantum .

304

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305

(Green Car)

- , Quantum ( ) OEM . 2007 Quantum Smart-H2 (Sustainable Marine and Road Transport - Hydrogen in Iceland) 10 Toyota Prius VistOrka . - Niedzwiecki Quantum 2010 , ., . (NGV) , 20% . - , OEM Quantum . , Quantum (CNG) , . Quantum , Type II Type III (aluminium- lined) (carbon fibre-wrapped) CNG . - , Quantum , , Quantum MP Hybrid Commercial Edition Concept Quantum MP Hybrid Military Edition Concept . - Quantum Ford Escape SUV , SANGB(Selfridge Air National Guard Base) TARDEC(US Army Tank Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center) . - 21 (21st Century Base Initiative) TARDEC . , .

306

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- SANGB 1 . AES(Aerospace Engineering Spectrum) Quantum 11 . SANGB . TARDEC . - EV Ford Escape , , Quantum . - Ford Escape Hybrid Quantum (HICE) . - . Quantum , (dry gaseous fuel) , Niedzwiecki . HICE . Quantum (Hydrogen Prius Hydrogen Escape Hybrid) . - Quantum EDAG Engineering + Design(EDAG) (Future Steel Vehicle) . Quantum ( ) , . - Quantum Advanced Lithium Power . . - .

307

(Green Car)

- Quantum . - , US$250 (Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan) US$1 7,500 . - 6 . 2009 Economic Stimulus Package ." Niedzwiecki . - Quantum . Asola 2010 , , . Quantum 51% . Asola Quantum 45mW . Quantum 85% . - Quantum . . - (+) . - 2008 12 2009 9 US$1,390, US$1,330 . 2009 1 31 Quantum . - 2009 12 .

308

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- Quantum Quantum Solar Energy 12 . US$500 Irvine US$1,000 . , Quantum US$1,700 . - Quantum , . SEC Quantum 10 . - , , Quantum Solar Energy, Inc. , . - . - . , . Quantum , . - Quantum 2008 2009 1 31 9 GM 61%, 16%, Fisker Automotive 6%, 55% . GM , 2009-10 , Fisker . - Quantum . Fisker Automotive , . Fisker Karma , Quantum .

309

(Green Car)

- Quantum . Quantum , . , , , . - Quantum , , , . - , , , , . - . Quantum . , . Quantum .

4.2.3 : . . 2010 6080 HEV 2009 100 1.6% .( ) . 100 . .

310

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HEV PHEV, PEV EREV . , . , . L, G . ) Bosch() - SDI SB 2011 2 , 5 5 - 3, 1/3 - - 2010 VW '', '' HEV() - , 2 EV - : , HEV EV . , 20 . HCCI() 2015 . 2015 8500~9000 500 HEV EV, PHEV . 2020 1 HEV 600, EV, PHEV 300 9% . 1 80(90% ) . EV 200. 2015 1, 40, 120/h 35h , 250 12000 . 8000 .

311

(Green Car)

Denso() - , - HEV - 2011 . . . , , Si . EV 150 . . - 2011 , 2 . 2015 1 1100 . . 2015 200 . 'S400 ' . ZF Aisin Seiki() - - 2% , . ( ) . . , .

312

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Toyata Bosoku - . 1.8 12.5. iQ 40 . 40 . , . . . , . . - 2011 EV - EREV( ) , BEV() , , DC-DC , , . 2011 5,000~1 . EV EV , . . - , HEV EV - 25% () 2008 . , 2 . ( ) , . . . - - , ECU( )

313

(Green Car)

JTekt : - . 1/3 , - - Hitachi Automotive Systems - 4,500W/ 2 , 2013 - , , 4 Li 2 . 2010 GM 3 . . 2 . , . , , . SiC() IGBT( ) . , , 2, 4 .

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314

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315

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316

4.

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317

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d. . 2011 e. ? GM , . Sberbank . 2009 6 GM, . 35% 20% . 35% GM , 10% . 5 . f. . . , , . GM RHJ . g. (US$ 27.6 0.04%), 25.5 3 . GM , . , . OEM . h. . . .

318

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319

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321

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322

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EV PHEV 1) EV 48 , 24 - (DOE) 2 , - Navister International 3,920 Saft America 4 9,550

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323

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2) EV-PHEV 2010 (7,000 ) 2015 10 EV , 5,000 3) EV EV/HEV 5,000 4 4 1000 : 1 2,000~5,000 R&D , 99 12 31 0~2 4~5 1,500, 3.5 2,500 . 1) 2011 , HEV 50 ( 5% ) 2012 100 2) 13

324

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325

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326

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327

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328

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329

(Green Car)

- , , - . PSAT-PRO(PSAT rapid control PROtotype in software) . - PSAT-PRO TIL . - 2007 PSAT Lexus RX400h Civic Hybrid . - ( ) , - 64 () 16 2 . - , , , . a. . b. . c. .

330

4.

- , - . - PSAT/ASCM(modular Automative System Cost Module) . a. $150/5h 2030 2010, 2015, 2030, 2045 , 2030 $4/ b. 2030 10~15% 2030 , 2045 3~5% . c. 30% 2045 . - 2006 Saint Louis 227 1 32 . a. 29% . b. 1 1 55~66% . c. 40 11 .

331

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332

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