일회용 노동자 : 한국의 이주노동자 인권상황

:

AI Index: ASA 25/001/2009

1

1. 2

2. 6 2.1. 7

2.2. 8

2.3. 8

2.4. 10

3. 12 3.1. 16

3.2. 18

3.3. 21

4. 23 4.1. : 23

4.2. 25

4.3. HIV 28

5. 31 5.1. 33

5.2. 38

5.3. 44

5.4. 46

5.4.1. 46

6. 50 6.1. , , 50

6.2. 56

6.3. 59

7. 63 7.1. 67

7.2. 70

7.3. 72

8. 74 8.1. 75

8.1.1. 77

8.1.2. 80

9. 82 9.1. 82

9.1.1. 83

9.2. 84

10. 87

:


2

.

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.

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ST(30, ),

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3

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2008 9

2012 220,000 .

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50 , 2009 5 ,

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.

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13 .

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.

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.

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2009 9 .

, 2007 2008 ,

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2 2006 , (Migrant

Workers are also Human Beings

.

,

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4

.3

2006 12 .

. . 4

.5 .

2008 ,

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60 ,

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.

. 2008 3 2009 9 11 8 ,

9 , , , , ,

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.

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the Protection of the Rights of All Migrants Workers and Members of Their Families)

(ILO) ,

2006 2008 ,

.

- ,

,

, , .

3 , : (South Korea: Migrant workers are also human beings), 2006 8

pp19-20 (AI Index: ASA 25/007/2006) 4 , (2006 12 5 ~ 12), UN Doc. A/HRC/4/24/Add.2,

2007 3 14, 20, 54 5 , (2006 12 5 ~ 12), UN Doc. A/HRC/4/24/Add.2,

2007 3 14, 20, 59 6 , : ...

?, 21, 2009 8 14

http://h21.hani.co.kr/arti/society/society_general/25561.html, (2009 8 17 )

, , 2008 11 17

http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?bicode=040000&biid=2008111790388, (2009 6 1 )

, The Korea Times, 2009 4 30

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/opinon/2009/04/137_44129.html, (2009 6 1 ) 7 NGO : , , ,

, , , , , ,

, , , , , ,

, , , 8 , , , , , , , , , , 9

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5

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6

1980 .

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2007 3 1410

2.

500,000 , ,

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. 10 1 .11

1980 , .

, , .

300 .

,

.12 1991

, .13

1990 2000 ,

, .

,

.

.

10 , (2006 12 5 ~ 12), UN Doc. A/HRC/4/24/Add.2,

2007 3 14, 20, 53 11, , 2009 9, http://www.immigration.go.kr, (2009 10

18 ). E-8(), E-9(), E-10(), H-2(). .

.

. 2008 9 680,000 1/3 .

, , , , 2008 9 25

http://www.pcnc.go.kr/nccusr/m03/PolyView.aspx?seq=28&page=1, (2009 5 15 )

(irregular) , (undocumented)

. .

() (irregular) . (

. ) 12 , : , , 2008 11, p9 13 Kevin Gray, : (from Human to Workers Rights: The Emergence of a

Migrant Workers Union Movement in Korea), , 21:2, 2007 4, p300

:


7

2.1.

1991 14

.

. 1994

15 , 300 ,

, , 3 .

16 ,

.

3

.

.

. 1995

. ,

17 .

, ,

,

, . 1996 (

)18 .

.

,

. (1997 ~ 1999)

.19

1998 20 , 3

.21 1998 4 ,

.

14 Joint Venture Trainee System (JVTS) 15 Industrial Trainee System (ITS) 16 Kbiz 17 . : (South

Korea: Migrant workers are also human beings), 2006 8 p17 (AI Index: ASA 25/007/2006) 18 19 Kevin Gray, : (from Human to Workers Rights: The Emergence of a

Migrant Workers Union Movement in Korea), , 21:2, 2007 4, p307 20 Post-training Employment Programme 21 D-3, E-8 .

:


8

2002 340,000 85

. 2003 3 4

. 4

.

NGO

22 , 2003 7 31

() 2004 8

. 2007

.

23 300

15 24 .

.

, 1,000 ,

, , .25

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(E-9) ' ,

(E-6) . E-6 6 6 ,

, .

E-6 .

E-6

.26

2.3.

.

.

(ICCPR)

, (ICESCR)

(CERD)

(CEDAW)

(CRC)

(ILO) ( )

22 Employment Permit System (EPS) 23 . 6 1(

) 41 (

) . . 24 , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

, 25 , , 2008 11 27 26 8.1 .

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9

.

27

, 28

29

30

31

32

, , 33

34

35

36

37

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()39

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27 (ICCPR) 6, 9 28 (ICCPR) 7, 10 29 (ICCPR) 8 1, 2, 11 1 30 (ICCPR) 11, 20 1 31 , (ICCPR) 2 1, , (ICESCR)

2 2, 7. (CERD)

(CEDAW) . 32 (ICCPR) 16, 24 33 (ICCPR) 18, 12 1 34 (ICCPR) 12, (CERD) (e)(iv),

(CEDAW) 12, 14(b), (CRC) 24, 25,

28 35 , (ICESCR) 13, 14, (CRC) 28 29,

(CERD) 5(e)(v), 30 36 , (ICESCR) 11, (CEDAW)

14 2, (CRC) 16 1, 27 3, (CERD) 5(e)(iii) 37 , (ICESCR) 11, (CRC) 24 2 C,

(CEDAW) 14 2 38 , (ICESCR) 6, 7, 8, (CERD)

5(e)(i), (CEDAW) 11, 14, 25, 26 39 45/158 1990 12 19 2003 7 1 .

:


10

(Declaration on Fundamental

Principles and Rights at Work) ,

.

.

, , ,

.

8 . 8

(ILO

100), (ILO 111), (ILO

138), (ILO

182) . 2006 2008

(ILO 87), (ILO 98),

(ILO 29), (ILO 105)

4 .40

2008 4

. 41 .

, (ILO 81),

(ILO 111), (ILO 155)

(ILO 187) .

2004 ILO

, 8

.42 .

2.4.

, (ICESCR)

3 .

(CESCR) .

,

.43

()

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(ICCPR) (Human Rights Committee)

.

40 UN Document MUN/582/06, 2006 3 15 41 UN Document A/62/754, , 2008 3 14 42 , , 92 , , 2004, 28,

12 43 (), 18: , E/C.12/GC/18, 2006 2 6, 35

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44 , . ( ) 45 (), 2 31:

, UN Document CCPR/C/74/CRP.4/Rev.6, 2004 4 21, 8. .

(), , (,

3) 16 (2005), UN Document E/C.12/2005/4, 2005 8

11, 20 46 , UN Document CERD/C/KOR/CO/14, 2007 8 17, 18

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12

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23 .

47 , " , , 2009 8 17

http://www.segye.com/Articles/NEWS/SOCIETY/Article.asp?aid=20090817003952&subctg1=&subctg2t=, (2009

9 15 ) 48 : 2009 9 16 .

. : (1) 1

. (2) 3

3 . .

2 . (3)

. (4) 2 3 .

, NGO

. 3 , .

.

. 49 , (2006 12 5 ~ 12), UN Doc. A/HRC/4/24/Add.2,

2007 3 14, 20

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13

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.

2008 (Committee of Experts on the

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(ILO 111) .

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3 1 .51

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50 : 1958 (ILO 111)

, (: 1998), ILOLEX Doc. 062009KOR111. 2009 51 9 3 . 1 .

18 1 ,

1 .

, () 2008.2.29 8852

http://likms.assembly.go.kr/law/jsp/Law.jsp?WORK_TYPE=LAW_BON&LAW_ID=A1806&PROM_NO=08852&PROM_D

T=20080229, (2009 7 2 ). 48 52 , (2006 12 5 ~ 12), UN Doc. A/HRC/4/24/Add.2,

2007 3 14, 21

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53 , 1. http://www.eps.go.kr/wem/en/contents/important.jsp,

(2009 7 26 ) 54 , () 2008.2.29 8852


T=20080229, (2009 7 2 ). 48 55 .

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T=20081219&HanChk=Y, (2009 9 9 ) 57 , .

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2008 12 28

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297 2008 1/4 72 .60

2008 9 61 339

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58 . 48 59 18.6% .. , , 2009 1 30

http://app.yonhapnews.co.kr/yna/basic/article/Search/YIBW_showSearchArticle.aspx?searchpart=article&searchtext=

%ec%82%b0%ec%97%85%ec%83%9d%ec%82%b0%20%ea%b8%89%ea%b0%90&contents_id=AKR200901301

35500002&search=1, (2009 10 15 ) 60 , , :

, 2009 3 5 61 , , , , , , , , 62 , 2008 , 2008 12 18 (), p3 63 , , :

, 2009 3 5 64 , , , 2009 7 22

:


16

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.

. 30

77 .65

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65 , , , , , 2008 9 25 ()

http://www.pcnc.go.kr/nccusr/m03/PolyView.aspx?seq=28&page=1, (2009 8 8 ). ,

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18

(CERD)

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6 ()

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T=20080229, (2009 7 2 ). 48 71 , KS , , 2008 11 1 72 , , , , 6 .

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T=20080229, (2009 7 2 ). 48 75 , , 2009 7 24 76 , , , 2009 7 27 77 , , , 2009 7 27 78 2009 7 22

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, YJ (31,

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30 2, 2008.2.29 20681

(http://likms.assembly.go.kr/law/jsp/Law.jsp?WORK_TYPE=LAW_BON&LAW_ID=B3627&PROM_NO=20681&PROM_D

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(34, ) 2006

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CR .

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82 , 2009.05.21 9699,


T=20090521&HanChk=Y, (2009 10 1 ) 83 http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/gems/eeo/law/korea/c_nlrc.htmm, (2009 8 9 ) 84 , , , 2009 8 7 85 2009 6 3

:


22

.

.

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. .

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.

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MR(27, )

2008 8 8

.

.

.

.

.

. .89

86 48 87 , CR, , 2008 11 1 88 , SS, , 2008 11 23 89 , MR, , 2008 11 12

:


23

.

.

90

4.

4.1. :

. , .

.

.

.

.

.

15 1

.

.

.

. (2005 6 ~ 2006 4),

(2004 12 ~ 2005 3) . 91

. .

, .

GR(34, ) 2003 2 95,000 (

1,800 92) . 2 . RR(31,

) 120,000 ( 2,200 )

.93 2005 2007

E-9 12,500 ~ 45,000( 250 ~ 900

90 , 60 % , , 2009 8 25

(), http://www.ildaro.com/newnews/print.php?uid=4937, (2009 10 6 ) 91 , , 2008 11 27 92 . 93 , GR, RR, , 2008 11 1 23

:


24

) (the Philippine Overseas

Employment Agency, POEA)94 .

E-9

.

.

.

2008 , , , , , , ,

9 339

. 2,025 .

4,000 .

3,520 9,500

95 .

KS(31, ) 2004

3 5( 3,000 ) .

. ?

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.

KS 2008

.96 2008 2

.97

ST(30, ) 2007 1

10,500 .

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. .

ST 6 1.2 .

2 1,500 .

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94 , MN, CM, MR, CM , YJ, , , , 2008 3 11, 2008 11 1,

12, 19, 26 95 , 2008 , 2008 12 18 (), p3 96 2008 30,576 66% .

5 97 , KS, , 2008 11 1 98 , ST, , 2008 11 8

:


25

. SS(26, ) 2005 11

200,000 ( 2,000 ) . 7

. SS 8 .99

2003 KD(36 , ) 2005 8

300,000 ( 3,000 ) .

KD 3 5 8

20 . KD

6 .100

4.2.

. 37

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

2008 339

. 1

50 , , ,

.101

99 , SS, , 2008 11 23 100 , KD, , 2008 11 16 101 , 2008 , 2008 12 18 (), p4

:


26

() (%)

135 22.5

98 16.4

95 15.9

, 91 15.2

89 14.9

81 13.5

10 1.7

1. (: /)102

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(Kasamma-ko)

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. 2005 4 , CNC103 .

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300 . .

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(E-6) ( )

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.

102 , 2008 , 2008 12 18 (), p4 103 CNC(computer numerical control) G

. 104 , MN, , 2008 3 11 105 , ST, , 2008 11 8

:


27

. (8 )

DR(25, ) 2008 1

.

. .

.

.

106

.107

UP(24, ) 2007 1 8

. UP

.

. , .

.

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.

.

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50,000 ( 950 ) .

60% . 1 .109

RD , ,

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.

CN(31, ) 2007 12

.

. , 78 (

840 ) , 48( 520 ).

110

106

. 107 , DR, , 2008 11 29 108 , 2007 (), p40 109 , RD, , 2008 11 29 110 90 .

.

:


28

. 6 5

7 12 . .

.

.111

4.3. HIV

(E-6) HIV . 2

HIV E-6

. E-6 E-9 E-2112

HIV .

HIV .

(E-6) 1.

-

- HIV

-

2.

-

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2. E-6 (: )113

E-9 HIV

.114 E-9 HIV

. 2 HIV

, .115

111 , CN, , 2008 11 29 112 E-6, E-9 E-2 () / HIV .

E-6 E-9 . E-2 HIV

, , , , 2009 7 2

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/07/117_47849.html, (2009 7 8 )

, , 2009 6 19

http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2009/06/19/letter-national-human-rights-commission-korea,(2009 7 27 )

, , , 2009 9 3

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/09/117_51232.html, (2009 9 4 ) 113 http://www.koreaembassyusa.org, (2009 7 8 ) 114 (2009 7 28) 115 (2009 7 28)

:


29

.

.116 (Human Rights Committee)

.117

.

AIDS/HIV (UN Commission on Human

Rights) .118

( AIDS/HIV

)

.

HIV/AIDS

.119 HIV/AIDS HIV

. [] HIV

HIV

.120 .

HIV

,

.

HIV ,

. HIV

HIV

HIV

116 26

. , , , , , , ,

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, 26 . , 26

,

. 26 2

.

. 26 . ,

26 . , 26

. (12, ) 118 1996 ( ) HIV

. HIV

. HIV/AIDS , ,

HIV/AIDS (Integrity) , HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS HIV/ADIS . 119 , HIV , WHO/SPA/GLO/787.1, 1987. 120 (OHCHR) (UNAIDS), HIV/AIDS , UN Doc.

HR/PUB/06/9, 2006, 127, http://data.unaids.org/Publications/IRC-pub07/jc1252-internguidelines_en.pdf,

(2009 7 8 )

:


30

.121 E-6 E-9

HIV .

121 (OHCHR) (UNAIDS), HIV/AIDS , UN Doc.

HR/PUB/06/9, 2006, p82, http://data.unaids.org/Publications/IRC-pub07/jc1252-internguidelines_en.pdf,

(2009 7 8 )

:


31

. []

.

2008 11 12

122

5.

. 2008

, .123

, , ,

.

, , .

.

2008 9

.124

5 10% ( 19.3%)

[2008] 20 .125

220,000

2012 . ,

.126

2008 29,906 . 2007 19,883

50% . 2008 127 30,576

. 2009 . 1 5

122 , , , 2008 11 12 (), http://www.moj.go.kr

(2009 7 27 ) 123 , , 2009 6 (), http://www.immigration.go.kr, (2009 7 29 ) 124 , , : 5 10% 2008

9 25 (), http://www.president.go.kr/kr/president/news/news_view.php?uno=321, (2009 6 2 ) 125 , , : 5 10% 2008

9 25 (), http://www.president.go.kr/kr/president/news/news_view.php?uno=321, (2009 6 2 ) 126 , , , ,

http://www.pcnc.go.kr/nccusr/m03/PolyView.aspx?seq=28&page=1, (2008 9 25 ) 127

.

:


32

11,818 , 11,318

. 2008 38% .128

.

. ,

, , DVD .

,

.

. .

.

.129

.

. ,

, .

.

. .

.

.130

.131

128 , , 2009 6, http://www.immigration.go.kr, (2009 7 29 ) 129 , , , 2008 11 23 130 , , 2008 11 23 131 , , 2008 11 13, 26

:


33

2. 2009 ( )

5.1

.

.

(UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials,

)

(3 ).

(Basic Principles for the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials,

)132 .(

4) .

, ( 5a).

,

(ICCPR) ,

.133

132 , , 8 , 1990 8 27 ~ 9 7,

133 , : (Guns and Policing: Standards to prevent misuse), 2004

2, p.7 (AI Index : ACT 30/001/2004)

:


34

2009 4 8

134 .

.

.

.

.. .

3. , ( )

.

.

[] () . .. .135

, 2009 9

.136

.137 2009 6 15

.

, , (

) .

, .

, ,

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134 . 135 , http://www.tagstory.com/video/video_post.aspx?media_id=V000305145, (2009 6 2 ) 136 , , 2009 7 27 137 , Harsh Crackdown on Migrant Workers Draws Protest, The Korea Times, 2009 4 10,

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/04/113_42965.html, (2009 6 2 ) 138 , (), 2009 6 15, http://www.moj.go.kr,

(2009 7 28 )

:


35

.139

.

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. 11 30

Y Y

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.

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.

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. 5 .

. 143

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139 , , 2009 7 27 140 , , 2009 7 15 141 , , , 2009 7 28 142 82 . 143 , , , 2008 11 22 144 , , 2009 7 27

:


36

1 2

, .145

146 .

, .

. (ICCPR) 26

.

.

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, , ,

.

.

. 2006 12

.

[]

. 2005 6

.147

2007 11 ,148

.

2008 7 8 14

(, , , ) .

501 165 72%

.149 428 37%

.150 82

.

145 3 4, () 2006.2.21 7849


T=20060221&HanChk=Y, (2009 7 29 ) 146 ( ) ,

(1, (a)). , , , , ,

. , , 34/169 , 1979 12 17 147 , (2006 12 5 ~ 12), UN Document

A/HRC/4/24/Add.2, 2007 3 14, 27 148 2007() 149 , 2008 () p55 150 , 2008 () p50

:


37

2008 295 74%

.151 64 3 .

[] ,

.152

(ICCPR) 9 2 .

,

.

276 48%

. 37%

, 28%

.153 48 6 .

. ,

.

(UN Body of

Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment)

14 .

10, 11 2, 12 1 13

,

.

. 2008 11 12

, 280

110 .

. ,

,

.154

2009 5 30 SBS (CCTV)

.

151 , 2008 () p59 152 , 2009.6.16 21534,

http://likms.assembly.go.kr/law/jsp/Law.jsp?WORK_TYPE=LAW_BON&LAW_ID=B3068&PROM_NO=21534&PROM_D

T=20090616, (2009 9 9 ) 153 , 2008 () p77 154 , SN, JK, HB, , , , , , , 2008 11 14, 15, 22

:


38

,

. ,

. ,

.

.155

5.2

.

(ILOs Committee of Experts on the Application of

Conventions and Recommendations, CEACR)

(ILO 81 ) (Individual Direct Request)

.156

, .157

2008 6 23 2006 5

22

.

. .

,

. 158

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.

. 6

.

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(: 1992), : 2008, ILOLEX Doc.092008KOR081 157 , , 2008 11 26 158 , Illegal Foreign Worker Wins Compensation Case, , 2008 6 23

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/06/117_26362.html, (2009 7 27 ) 159 , , 34/169 1979 12 17

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http://migrant.kr/?document_srl=20528, (2009 7 12 )

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329 Kevin Gray, : (from Human to Workers Rights: The Emergence of

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