Upload
bassam
View
46
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
ENGINEERING MATERIAL SCIENCE
Citation preview
Industrial Gases Co
. . . . .
. () ().
1.1 ()
() ( ) , . , . . : , , .
1.1.1
(Ferrite). 4%. .
. 1.7% , 2.5 % 4% .
(). .
1.1.2
. .
(Bauxite) . . . .
. . . () . .
1- , .
2- , 85% 90% . (high temperature metals)
. , ( ) .
(Rare metals)
. .1.2 ( )
(spinning) . . . . , . .
- a
, .
, ( ) . .
, .
, . b -
(), () .
, .
, . .
. .
1.1.2 .
A - (Organic materials)
.
.1 . .
. .
.2 . . .
b - (Inorganic materials)
, .
.1
. .
. .
.
.2
500 .
, .
.
, . , .
2.1
. .
2.2
. 12 50. . 0.5 .
2.3
. () . , 12 , .
2.4
. . , 123 50 . . .
2.5
. .
2.6
. 2.7 . .
2.8 . .
2.9
. ( ) .
.
. . . .
.1- (hardness) : . . .
2- ( tensil strength ) : . .3- :(ductility) . .
4- (toughness) : . .
5- (elasticity): , , .6- (malleability) : .
7- (brittleness) : () .
8- (corrosion resistance) : .
9- (thermal conductivity) : / , .
10- (electrical conductivity) : . .11- () (plasticity) : . .
12- (machineability) : . .
13- : (weldability) . .
, . ( ) . .
2.1
(pure iron) . (2) .
(wrought iron) .
2.2
2.2.1
. . 1% 100 , 100 , 100 0.3 % 30 .
(plain carbon steel) :
a-
0.1 %- 0.3 % .
. .
b-
0.3%- 0.6% .c-
, 0.6 % - 1.3 % . . . .
2.2.2
, . (3) ( ) , .
.
2.2.3
() . 0.05 % . , 0.08 0.33 % . .
2.3
(Cast iron) .
, , , .
2.3.1
a-
:
- : . ( )
- : 3C) (Fe
b-
. 2.3.2
, , 3.25 %.a-
. , () .
.
. .
.
b-
, , .2. 3. 3
. , .
.
2. 3. 4 . .
, . .
a-
.
b-
() . .
2. 3. 5 . (Nodular graphite) .
, . , .
2.4
(alloy steel) .2.4.1
: .
a-
. . 0.25 6 %.b-
. , .
0.25 38 % : , , , .
c-
, . 2.4.2
26 , :
a -
. 80% , . , .
b-
. 1.9 - 1.6% .
c-
: . .
.d-
. . .
e-
. ( ) .
2.5
100 ( stainless steel ) . :
a-
, b-
.
c-
18% . .
. ( ). .
:
%0.75 .
%4.7 .
%22 .
%1.4 .
%71.15 .
a- b- c- d-
e- f- g- h- (U)
i- j- k- l-
(1)
()
()
()
()
UNION ENGINEERING GROUP
Egyptian Welding Academy
TECHNICAL CENTER
(2) 200
1- ( ) 2-
(3) 100
PAGE 18