1. 1. . , , , , ,
2. 2. ( ) , , , () , , ,, , - 1). : - , 2). : , : , 3). : : - : 4). : , - , ,,, , ,,,,, , , , , , ,, , , ,, , , , ,,, ,-,-, -, ,,, - , ,,,,,,,,, ,- ,,,-, ,
3. 3. , , -- :-1)./ ( /- ) 2). ( ) 3). / 4). 5). 6). 21 - ( NCST) ... , , , : 1) 2) 3) : - , , - , , , ( ) ( )
4. 4. , ; , ,,,, , , , ,,, , ,, ,,,, - , , , , - - ? - ( ) / / - -1 2 3 4 --5 6 7 8 -9 10 11 12 13 -1 -2 - - (system) , (Text) (Input) , , (output)
5. 5. - ( ) ( ) : () - 1) : (Fully Machine Translation) 2) (Human Aided Machine Translation) 3) (Machine Aided Human Translation) , , :- 1). 2). : :- 1). (SOURCE LANGUAGE TEXT) 2). (ROOT WORD) 3). (POS TAG) 4).- (CHANKAR MARKING) 5). (PADSUTRA) 6). (WORD GRUPING) - - - - - - - - -
6. 6. 7). (SENSE DISAMBIGUATION): , 8). (PREPOSITION MOVEMENTS) : 9). (TARGET LANGUAGE GENERATION): 10). (CORPARA ): 11). (MORPHOLOGICAL ANYLISAR) 12). (PARASAR): , 13). (GENARATER) : , , 14). (Output): , 15). - - - , , , ; , - : 1) 5 A condolence meeting has been called at 5 PM. 2) We express our feeling to the grief-striken family. 3) We have sent this sad news to the press. 4) We are to announce with deep sorrow. 5) Friends and relatives gathered to mourn his death. 6) - I met his bereaved parents. grief sad sorrow mourn bereavement condolence
7. 7. Ram goes to school. Sita goes to school. They go to school. / / There is no way to out Indians abroad - 1). / 2). 3). 4). 5). 6). -- - 7). , 8). 9). 10). 11). , - 1). :- , 2). :- (SOV) (SVO) 3) :- 4) :- - (,, , ) - (,, , ,, ) ( , )
8. 8. 5) :- ; - , , , , 6) :- - , 7) :- , , 8) :- : - : ' ' - , : ,, , ,- : - , , , , ,,-, ,, , ' , , , (Over- differentiation and Under differentiation) , , (Similar, Semi- similar and Dissimilar) (Common Model of Grammar) (Techniques of Contrastive Analysis) : , (Basis of Comparison: form, meaning, context) (Multi-layer Analysis) Good Morning Good Day Good Afternoon Good Evening Good Night (Bound and Open System)
9. 9.