ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΣΥΝΑΙΣΘΗΜΑΤΟΣ-ΕΚΦΡΑΣΕΙΣ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΥ Δ.Δ.448.pdf

7/17/2019 ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΣΥΝΑΙΣΘΗΜΑΤΟΣ-ΕΚΦΡΑΣΕΙΣ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΥ Δ.Δ.448.pdf

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1. +#-*./.0.............................................................................................................. 17

1.1. "#$%&'( .................................................................................................................................18

2. 2#34&"!5 6&"485 9)*;*"3-<*-15 =>)*#-?0(*<&5 – &# @A# B*-#D85 +D4"3-!#5 "&-E;&> ............................................................................................................... 21

2.1. "#+#%,-.#-) -/"#0-1('#.&2 ..............................................................................................21 2.1.1. "#$%' ()*+,-./0123* 2/' Whissel.......................................................................................................21 2.1.2. 453"6+ ()*+,-./0123* 2#) Plutchik .....................................................................................................23

2.2. 3/"#4-1)'# 50 658%,-902 :%&-;+&/ ..................................................................................24

3. F!$)#D85 +(HI$/-15: FACS D*# MPEG-4 FBA................................................... 27

3.1. FACS: 3=".&') :#%&/-4#-) ................ .................. ................... .................. .................. ....... 27 3.2. MPEG-4 FBA .................. .................. ................... .................. ................... .................. ........... 29

3.2.1. MPEG-4 7+, 8"%-39# - FDPs 7+, FAPs ..........................................................................................29 3.2.2. MPEG-4 7+, +*.":9,*# -:0+ ..............................................................................................................38

4. +D4"3-!#5 "&-E;&> – J"#-(%5 D*# 9)3L>-1 ..................................................... 41

4.1. ".0-.&4>0-) AUs – FAPs ..................................................................................................... 41 4.2. ?)'0&/%@4# profiles-:%&-$0&%0-'A2 &',$<" FAPs @0# 5,19 B58%#-)...........................43

4.2.1. 85",#$; 2,0:* FAPs.............................................................................................................................44

4.3. C%0-'A2 #+&-.,-9<"..............................................................................................................45 4.3.1. <*+9+"1-2+-/ 23* FAPs 0>-3 76*/-/' FPs (feature points)................................................................45 4.3.2. <9#-21-5,' 7+, +??/?596@"+-/ 052+AB 2#)' ...........................................................................................46

4.4. 6+#E(19/-) .<" 958%,-9<"...................................................................................................47 4.5. 3=-.)'# ",E/-)2 658%,-9<" :%&-;+&/ ........................................................................50

4.5.1. C9>72+-/ « 9"#E6? » F,+ 2/ @/0,#)"F6+ 7+*%*3* F,+ 56-#@# -5 *5)"3*,7% -B-2/0+ .................................50 4.5.2. Interface ()-2;0+2#' <*1?)-/' C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#) .......................................................................52

5. =I)?!-1 +D4"3-!/) "&-E;&>...........................................................................53

5.1. ?)'0&/%@4# «+%&84E» F#-05;" 958%,-9<"............................................................................53 5.1.1. C9+?;.5)-/ 0>-3 85,"+0+2,7:* <9#25?5-0123* ................................................................................55 5.1.2. 8"#E6? 57E"1-53* F,+ 2+ 252+"2/0%",+ 2#) "#$#B ()*+,-./0123* 2/' Whissel ................................58

5.2. ?)'0&/%@4# «+%&84E» -/"#0-1)',.<" .# &+&4# #"(5&/" -.)" 4$0# 5#.)@&%4# ................59 5.2.1. C9+?;.5)-/ 0>-3 85,"+0+2,7:* <9#25?5-0123* ................................................................................60

5.3. 6"$0,'9-92 958%,-902 .............................................................................................................62 5.3.1. G/0,#)"F6+ « 9"#E6? » F,+ C*@,105-5' C7E"1-5,' - ()*+,-.;0+2+ .........................................................63 5.3.2. C9+?;.5)-/ 0>-3 85,"+0+2,7:* <9#25?5-0123* ................................................................................65

5.4. :#%,'9.%&0 3="19-)2 658%,-9<" :%&-;+&/...................................................................68 5.4.1. 8+"1052"#, 57E"+-2,7%2/2+' F,+ 2# 9"%-39#........................................................................................69

5.5. EE)E9+4$%#-) '9.#G= FAPs ................................................................................................71 5.6. :%&84E .<" F#-05;" -/"#0-1)',.<" -9 ->B-) '9 .) H9<%4# +&.4')-)2 (Appraisal) 73

5.6.1. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) 23* ECAs 7+, H#*2>?# H#*1@3* C95A5"F+-6+' (component process model)...73

5.6.2. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* (B0E3*+ 05 2/ 453"6+ <A,#?%F/-/' ..................................................................75



6. =E(* - M!#"&)&(O!5..............................................................................................79

6.1. ",E/-) I90%&"&'0;" '9 I%(-) :#%#'B.%<" 658%#-.05A.).#2...................................79 6.1.1. (B-2/0+ <*1?)-/' J5,"#*#0,:* ...........................................................................................................79 6.1.2. 8"#-@,#",-0%' 8+"+0>2"3* C7E"+-2,7%2/2+' .....................................................................................82

6.2. 3="19-) I90%&"&'0;" .............................................................................................................83 6.2.1. (B*.5-/ $5,"#*#0,:* 7+, 57E"1-53* ......................................................................................................83 6.2.2. C7E"+-2,7%2/2+ J5,"#*#0,:* ................................................................................................................83 6.2.3. H#*25?#9#6/-/ 23* $5,"#*#0,:* 05 L1-/ 9"+F0+2,7>' +7#?#).65' ........................................................86

7. 9)*;*"3-<*-1 =E(*<&5 D*# "&-E;&> -! +D4"*-<#D&I5 "3D<&"!5 - +4*"(&.85................................................................................................................................89

7.1. Greta ................ .................. ................... .................. ................... .................. .................. ........... 897.2. 3/"$/#-'A2 :%&-;+&/ 5#0 3;'#.&2, ",E/-)2 5#0 3="19-)2 ....................................... 90 7.3. K MB1&$&2 :%A5E)-)2 3/"#0-1)',.<" SAL....................................................................92

8. =I)?!-1 +D4"3-!/) D*# J)<&L&.O!5..................................................................... 95

8.1. MPEG-4: FBA Node.............................................................................................................96 8.2. :%A-<+& ..................................................................................................................................96

8.2.1. G/0,#)"F6+ M*2#?#F6+' ..........................................................................................................................97 8.2.2. <*+9+"1-2+-/ ()*+,-.;0+2#' ...............................................................................................................97 8.2.3. 8"#E6? C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#) ( O+-,7:* 7+, C*@,+0>-3* ).................................................................98 8.2.4. M*2#?#F6+ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#) ........................................................................................................98 8.2.5. 8+"+F3F; Q+*%*3* -2/* M*2#?#F6+ 23* C7E"1-53* ....................................................................... 100 8.2.6. (5*1",+ J";-/' M*2#?#F6+' ............................................................................................................... 101

8.3. 3;'# .......................................................................................................................................1038.3.1. G/0,#)"F6+ M*2#?#F6+' ....................................................................................................................... 1038.3.2. 8+"1052"#, (:0+2#' .......................................................................................................................... 1038.3.3. M*2#?#F6+ (:0+2#' ............................................................................................................................. 1048.3.4. (5*1",+ J";-/' .................................................................................................................................. 105

9. =>(;!"3-(*<*-6!LL&)<#D0 @"!>)* D*# !"#&"#-(&O......................................... 107

10. *"3"<1(* – 9;&P%-!#5 %"/)........................................................................... 111

11. B#QL#&."*4O* ......................................................................................................113

12. R*<3L&.&5 21(&-#!I-!/) <15 ->.."*48/5.........................................................121

13. B#&."*4#D% =1(!O/(*....................................................................................... 127



+#D%)!5

2.1 O& 9+4+9$& activation – evaluation 222.2 O%0-$0,-.#.) #+905A"0-) -/"#0-1)',.<" -='8<"# '9 .&" Plutchik. 242.3 Q#-05B2 #"1%;+0"92 958%,-902: (a) E=+), (b) 1/'A2, (c) >#%,, (d) 8AF&2, (e)

#+B>190#, (f) B5+E)G) 253.1 O& FACS E#'F,"90 /+AS0" .&/2 '/2 +&/ #EE,T&/" .)" «9'8,"0-)» .&/

+%&-;+&/. 28

3.2 C &%0-'A2 .<" Feature Points -.& MPEG-4 303.3 M&",$92 54")-)2 .<" >#%#5.)%0-.05;" .&/ +%&-;+&/ [53] 313.4 U%,8)'# AE<" .<" -.#$4<" 5<$05&+&4)-)2 .)2 54")-)2 .&/ +%&-;+&/ 373.5 U%,8)'# AE<" .<" -.#$4<" 5<$05&+&4)-)2 .)2 54")-)2 .&/ -;'#.&2. 394.1 3.0@'0A./+& 3/-.('#.&2 ",E/-)2 658%,-9<" 525.1 :#%#$94@'#.# #+905A"0-)2 «+%&84E» ( # )-( @ ) H/'A2, ( $ )-( 9 ) V5+E)G), ( -. )

I#%, 565.2 +905A"0-) F#-05;" 958%,-9<" '9 >%(-) .&/ .%0-$0,-.#.&/ '&".BE&/ .&/

Poser: ( # ) E=+), ( F ) 1/'A2, ( @ ) >#%,, ( $ ) 8AF&2, ( 9 ) #+B>190# 5#0 ( -. ) B5+E)G) 575.3 +905A"0-) 5,+&0<" F#-05;" 958%,-9<" '9 >%(-) .&/ MPEG-4

#+&5<$05&+&0).( GretaPlayer: ( # ) E=+), ( F ) 1/'A2, ( @ ) 8AF&2 57

5.4 M&".BE& +%&-;+&/ Poser: +905A"0-) «+%&84E» .<" -/"#0-1)',.<" ( # )8&F0-'B"&2, ( F ) .%&'&5%#.)'B"&2 5#0 ( @ ) #"(-/>&2. 61

5.5 M&".BE& +%&-;+&/ MPEG-4: +905A"0-) «+%&84E» .<" -/"#0-1)',.<" ( # )8&F0-'B"&2, ( F ) .%&'&5%#.)'B"&2 5#0 ( @ ) #"(-/>&2. 61

5.6 M&".BE& +%&-;+&/ MPEG-4 Greta: +905A"0-) «+%&84E» .<" -/"#0-1)',.<" ( # ) 8&F0-'B"&2, ( F ) .%&'&5%#.)'B"&2 5#0 ( @ ) #"(-/>&2. 62

5.7 M&".BE& +%&-;+&/ Poser: +905A"0-) «+%&84E» .<" -/"#0-1)',.<" ( # )8&F0-'B"&2, ( F ) #+&@&).9/'B"&2 5#0 ( @ ) E/+)'B"&2. 66

5.8 M&".BE& +%&-;+&/ MPEG-4: +905A"0-) «+%&84E» .<" -/"#0-1)',.<" ( # )8&F0-'B"&2, ( F ) #+&@&).9/'B"&2 5#0 ( @ ) E/+)'B"&2. 67

5.9 :%&84E @0# ( # ) 8AF&2, ( F-@ ) #+&@&(.9/-), ( $ ) E=+) 68

5.10 :%&84E @0# ( # ) 1/'A2, ( F ) 5#>/+&S4#, ( @ ) #+B>190# 685.11 :%&84E @0# ( # ) 8AF&2, ( F ) 9"&>(, ( @ ) E=+) 685.12 EE)E&/>4# ADSR @0# .)" B5+E)G) 695.13 EE)E&/>4# ADSR @0# .& FAP37 -.)" B58%#-) .)2 B5+E)G)2 695.14 Greta: :%AFE9S) 9"$0,'9-<" -.#$4<" .<" 958%,-9<" +%&-;+&/ -='8<"# '9

.) 19<%4# #G0&EA@)-)2 .&/ Scherer @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ 8AF&/- ( # )&/$B.9%& (neutral), ( F ) G#8"05A -/'F," (novelty-sudden), ( @ ) $/-#%B-590# (unpleasant), ( $ ) #".08#.05A (discrepant), ( 9 ) +#%9'+A$0-) -.A>&/ (goalobstructive), ( -. ) >#')EA2 BE9@>&2 -.9E05( B58%#-)-8AF&2 (low control-finalexpression –fear). W,19 B58%#-) +%&5=+.90 #+A .)" «+%A-19-)» .<" AUs.<" +%&)@&='9"<" 958%,-9<" 5#0 .)2 .9E05(2. 76

5.15 Greta: :%AFE9S) 9"$0,'9-<" -.#$4<" .<" 958%,-9<" +%&-;+&/ -='8<"# '9 .) 19<%4# #G0&EA@)-)2 .&/ Scherer @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ B".&"&/ 1/'&=- ( # ) 76



&/$B.9%& (neutral), ( F ) B".&") #+A5%0-) -9 G#8"05A -/'F," (novelty- high),( @ ) +#%9'+A$0-) -.A>&/ (goal obstructive), ( $ ) /S)EA2 BE9@>&2/ '9@,E) B".#-) (control high/power high), ( 9 ) .9E05( B58%#-)-B".&"&2 1/'A2 (finalexpression – hot anger).

5.16 Xface: :%AFE9S) 9"$0,'9-<" -.#$4<" .<" 958%,-9<" +%&-;+&/ -='8<"# '9 .) 19<%4# #G0&EA@)-)2 .&/ Scherer @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ 8AF&/- ( # )&/$B.9%& (neutral), ( F ) G#8"05A -/'F," (novelty-sudden), ( @ ) $/-#%B-590# (unpleasant), ( $ ) +#%9'+A$0-) -.A>&/ (goal obstructive), ( 9 ) >#')EA2 BE9@>&2-.9E05( B58%#-)-8AF&2 (low control-final expression –fear). W,19 B58%#-) +%&5=+.90 #+A .)" «+%A-19-)» .<" AUs .<" +%&)@&='9"<" 958%,-9<" 5#0 .)2 .9E05(2. 77

5.17 Xface: :%AFE9S) 9"$0,'9-<" -.#$4<" .<" 958%,-9<" +%&-;+&/ -='8<"# '9 .) 19<%4# #G0&EA@)-)2 .&/ Scherer @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ B".&"&/ 1/'&=- ( # )&/$B.9%& (neutral), ( F ) B".&") #+A5%0-) -9 G#8"05A -/'F," (novelty- high),( @ ) +#%9'+A$0-) -.A>&/ (goal obstructive), ( $ )/S)EA2 BE9@>&2/ '9@,E)

B".#-) (control high/power high), ( 9 ).9E05( B58%#-)-B".&"&2 1/'A2 (finalexpression – hot anger). 78

5.18 Xface: :%AFE9S) 9"$0,'9-<" -.#$4<" .<" 958%,-9<" +%&-;+&/ -='8<"# '9 .) 19<%4# #G0&EA@)-)2 .&/ Scherer @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .)2 E=+)2- ( # )&/$B.9%& (neutral), ( F ) '05%( 9G&0594<-) (familiarity low), ( @ ) +#%9'+A$0-) -.A>&/ (goal obstructive), ( $ )>#')EA2 BE9@>&2 (control low), ( 9 ).9E05( B58%#-)-E=+) (final expression – sadness). 78

6.1 3/"19.05( $)'0&/%@4# >90%&"&'0;" 806.2 3.0@'0A./+& #5&E&/14#2 +%&2 9GB.#-) 816.3 V@>%<') ',-5# 816.4 Q#-05, 3>('#.# I9%0;" 83

6.5 Frames .&/ /+&590'B"&/ 4 #+A .) >90%&"&'4# «H9B '&/! » 866.6 Frames .&/ /+&590'B"&/ 21 #+A .) >90%&"&'4# «H9B '&/! » 876.7 :90%#'#.05, #+&.9EB-'#.# @0# .02 BG0 +#%#'B.%&/2 .)2 6"A.).#2 6.1.2 876.8 :90%#'#.05, #+&.9EB-'#.# @0# .02 945&-0 >90%&"&'492 @0# .02 +#%#'B.%&/2 :

# )&E05( 9"9%@&+&4)-), F )><%05( B5.#-), @ )%9/-.A.).#, $ )$="#')/9"B%@90# 876.9 MB-) .0'( .<" BG0 +#%#'B.%<" @0# .%4# ,.&'# 886.10 ( # ) 'B-) .0'( CE05(2 6"9%@&+&4)-)2, ( F ) 'B-) .0'( ?="#')2 886.11 Frames .)2 -/".9190'B")2 B58%#-)2. 887.1 C/$B.9%) B58%#-) .&/ +%&-;+&/ .)2 Greta 907.2 M&".BE& -;'#.&2 H-Anim 5#0 .& #".4-.&0>& '&".BE& +%&-&'&4<-)2 /8(2

$B%'#.&2. 90

7.3 ?0,@%#''# +%&.90"A'9"&/ -/-.('#.&2. 927.4 ?0#+%&-<+94# SAL 948.1 +905A"0-) .&/ #".0590'B"&/ 3>9$0#-'&= W4")-)2 :%&-;+&/ 5#0 3;'#.&2

.&/ MPEG-4 -.)" &".&E&@4#. 968.2 :9%0@%#8( .<" S/>&E&@05;" '&".BE<" .&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2 -.)" &".&E&@4#. 988.3 :9%0@%#8( .<" +%&84E .<" F#-05;" 5#0 .<" 9"$0,'9-<" 958%,-9<" -.)"

&".&E&@4#. 1008.4 :#%,$90@'# $)'0&/%@4#2 +%&84E V58%#-)2 :%&-;+&/ 5#0 #+905A"0-)2

.9E05&= #+&.9EB-'#.&2 -.&" MPEG-4 #+&5<$05&+&0).( GretaPlayer. 1018.5 ?0,@%#''# .)2 &".&E&@4#2 @0# .& -;'#. 1059.1 CE&5E)%<'B"& -=-.)'# #".0@%#8(2 -/"#0-1)'#.05(2 5#.,-.#-)2 >%(-.)

#+A ECA. 108



O)*D!5

2.1 I#%#5.)%0-.05, 958%,-9<" 263.1 C%0-'A2 Action Units 293.2 M&",$92 'B.%)-)2 .<" FAPs 323.3 C',$92 FAPs 333.4 C%0-'&4 FAPs 364.1 ".0-.&4>0-) FAPs - AUs 43

4.2 Y9G0EA@0& FAPs @0# .)" +9%0@%#8( .<" F#-05;" 958%,-9<" 444.3 :&-&.05&+&4)-) .<" FAPs 464.4 FAPs 5#0 #+&-.,-902, +%<.9=&/-92 5#0 ') 474.5 3.#.0-.05, $9$&'B"# @0# .0'B2 E9G0E&@4&/ FAPs @0# .02 F#-05B2 958%,-902 494.6 W#"A"92 F#-0TA'9"&0 -.# «+%&84E» -/"#0-1)',.<" @0# 94-&$& -9 "9/%<"05A

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ABSTRACT

The main research area of this Ph.D is emotion representation in Human-Computer

Interaction (HCI) and especially emotion synthesis and analysis by synthesis in the

framework of the MPEG-4 International Standard. It combines psychological results for

the perception of emotion with experimental results derived from the analysis of relative

databases. The emotions are modeled using Whissel’s emotions wheel, which transforms

the emotions into a two-dimensional space, thus facilitating their reproduction. Research

in facial expression analysis and synthesis has mainly concentrated on archetypalemotions. In particular, sadness, anger, joy, fear, disgust and surprise are categories of

emotions that attracted most of the attention in human computer interaction

environments. The current thesis describes an approach to synthesize expressions,

including intermediate ones, via the tools provided in the MPEG-4 standard based on

real measurements and on universally accepted assumptions of their meaning and

extends emotion representation theory by modeling gestures using expressivity

parameters. The results of the synthesis process can be applied to avatars (ECAs-

Embodied Conversational Agents) and to multimodal HCI systems, so as to convey thecommunicated messages more vividly than plain textual information or simply to make

interaction more lifelike.





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4 gAF&2 O# 8%=$0# .%#F0&=".#0 '#T4 +%&2 .# +,"<. O# 9-<.9%05, -)'94# .<" 8%/$0;" 5,'+.&".#0 +%&2 .# +,"<. O# ',.0# 94"#0 #"(-/>#, ,@%/+"#.

5 +B>190# O# 8%=$0# 5#0 .# FEB8#%# 94"#0 >#E#%<'B"#. O& ,"< >94E&2 #/G,"90 5#0 -&/8%;"90, -/>", #-/''9.%05,.

6 V5+E)G) O# 8%=$0# 50"&=".#0 +%&2 .# +,"<. O# ,"< FEB8#%# 94"#0 +&E= #"&05.,, 9"; .# 5,.< >#E#%,. O& -#@A"0 94"#0 5#.9F#-'B"&.

O)*D*5 2.1: J+"+72/",-2,71 57E"1-53*

C -/"$/#-'A2 .<" +#%#+,"< -.&0>94<", .# &+&4# 5/%4<2 +%&B%>&".#0 #+A

S/>&E&@05B2 '9EB.92, #+&.BE9-9 #89.)%4# 5#0 19<%).05( F,-) .)2 +#%&=-#2 $0#.%0F(2.

68#%'A-.)5#" '9 9+0./>4# '9 .) F&(190# .<" $=& @"<-.A.9%<" .9>"05;" 9'S=><-)2, .&/

FACS (Facial Action Coding System) 5#0 .&/ MPEG-4 FBA (Facial Body Animation), .#

&+&4# +#%&/-0,T&".#0 -.& 9+A'9"& 598,E#0&, 5#0 B$<-#" .# #+&.9EB-'#.# +&/

+#%&/-0,T&".#0 -.) -/"B>90# .)2 $0#.%0F(2.



27

R!43L*#& 3

3. F!$)#D85 +(HI$/-15: FACS D*# MPEG-4 FBA

3.1. FACS: =I)<&(1 *"&>-O*-1

O& Facial Action Coding System (FACS) 94"#0 '4# 9/%B<2 $0#$9$&'B") 'B1&$&2 'B.%)-)2

5#0 +9%0@%#8(2 .)2 «-/'+9%08&%,2» .&/ +%&-;+&/. C0 Paul Ekman 5#0 W.V. Friesen

#"B+./G#" .& -/@595%0'B"& -=-.)'# 5<$05&+&4)-)2 .<" 50"(-9<" .&/ +%&-;+&/ .o 1978,

>%)-0'&+&0;".#2 @";-) #"1%;+0")2 #"#.&'4#2 5#0 &%4T&".#2 .&" .%A+& '9 .&" &+&4& )

-=-+#-) 5,19 '/A2 .&/ +%&-;+&/ ( '9'&"<'B"# 5#0 -9 -/"$/#-'A ) #EE,T90 .)" 9'8,"0-)

.&/ +%&-;+&/ [30], [33]. 6GB.#-#" #5&E&/1492 50"&='9")2 905A"#2 +&/ #+905&"4T&/" 958%,-902 +%&-;+&/, ;-.9 "# 5#1&%4-&/" .02 #EE#@B2 +&/ -/".9E&=".#0 #+A .02 -/-+,-902

.<" '/;", 5#1;2 5#0 .&/2 -/"$/#-'&=2 #/.;" 5#0 "# $0#><%4-&/" .&/2 +01#"&=2

-/"$/#-'&=2 50"(-9<", 9"; @0# .&" 5#1&%0-'A .<" AUs (Action Units) >%)-0'&+&0(1)5#"

@";-902 #"#.&'4#2. O& 9@>90%4$0& .&/ FACS +%<.&95$A1)59 .& 1978.

M&",$92 'B.%)-)2 .&/ FACS 94"#0 .# Action Units (AUs). ?9" 9+0EB>1)5#" &0 '=92

@0#.4 &%0-'B"# AUs -/"$/,T&/" .)" 54")-) +9%0--&.B%<" .&/ 9"A2 '/;" ( C,7%*+ 3.1 ) ( .&

#+&.BE9-'# .)2 -=-+#-)2 9"A2 '/A2 958%,T9.#0 '9 $=& ( +9%0--A.9%# AUs.

C 5<$05&+&0).(2 9"A2 .B.&0&/ -/-.('#.&2 #"#E=90 .)" +#%#.)%&='9") B58%#-) -9

-/@595%0'B"# AUs 5#0 $4"90 <2 #+&.BE9-'# '4# E4-.# .<" AUs +&/ $)'0&/%@&=" .)"

B58%#-). 6+4-)2 94"#0 $/"#.A" "# E)81&=" /+AS0" ) $0,%590#, ) B".#-) 5#0 ) +01#"(

#-/''9.%4#. O# #+&.9EB-'#.# #/., 94"#0 'A"& +9%0@%#805, 5#0 $9" +#%B>&/" -.&0>94#

->9.05, '9 .) -)'#-4# .)2 B58%#-)2. 39 9+A'9"& -.,$0& 94"#0 $/"#.A" .# -.&0>94# .&/

FACS "# '9.#.%#+&=" -9 >%(-0'92 @0# .)" S/>&E&@4# B""&092 '9 .) F&(190# .&/

FACSAID, 9"A2 -/-.('#.&2 9%')"94#2 .)2 #".4-.&0>)2 F,-)2 $9$&'B"<" $0#1B-0'&/

-.&/2 9%9/").B2.



Q5E1?+,# 3. 5$*,7>' C0XB$3-/' : FACS 7+, MPEG-4 FBA

28 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

+#D%)* 3.1: # FACS ?+0L1*5, )9%X,* 2#)' 0)' 9#) +??1V#)* 2/* « 50E1*,-/ » 2#) 9"#-:9#).

C O)*D*5 3.1 +9%0B>90 .# Action Units, A+<2 #/., B>&/" &%0-.94 -.& FACS.

AU Description Facial muscle1 Inner Brow Raiser Frontalis, pars medialis 2 Outer Brow Raiser Frontalis, pars lateralis 4 Brow Lowerer Corrugator supercilii, Depressor supercilii 5 Upper Lid Raiser Levator palpebrae superioris 6 Cheek Raiser Orbicularis oculi, pars orbitalis 7 Lid Tightener Orbicularis oculi, pars palpebralis 9 Nose Wrinkler Levator labii superioris alaquae nasi 10 Upper Lip Raiser Levator labii superioris 11 Nasolabial Deepener Levator anguli oris (a.k.a. Caninus) 12 Lip Corner Puller Zygomaticus major 13 Cheek Puffer Zygomaticus minor

14 Dimpler Buccinator 15 Lip Corner Depressor Depressor anguli oris (a.k.a. Triangularis) 16 Lower Lip Depressor Depressor labii inferioris 17 Chin Raiser Mentalis 18 Lip Puckerer Incisivii labii superioris and Incisivii labii inferioris 20 Lip stretcher Risorius w/ platysma 22 Lip Funneler Orbicularis oris 23 Lip Tightener Orbicularis oris 24 Lip Pressor Orbicularis oris

25 Lips partDepressor labii inferioris or relaxation of Mentalis, orOrbicularis oris

26 Jaw Drop Masseter, relaxed Temporalis and internal Pterygoid 27 Mouth Stretch Pterygoids, Digastric 28 Lip Suck Orbicularis oris 41 Lid droop Relaxation of Levator palpebrae superioris 42 Slit Orbicularis oculi

43 Eyes ClosedRelaxation of Levator palpebrae superioris; Orbicularis oculi,

pars palpebralis 44 Squint Orbicularis oculi, pars palpebralis

45 BlinkRelaxation of Levator palpebrae superioris; Orbicularis oculi,

pars palpebralis

46 WinkRelaxation of Levator palpebrae superioris; Orbicularis oculi,

pars palpebralis

51 Head turn left




<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 29

52 Head turn right53 Head up54 Head down55 Head tilt left

56 Head tilt right57 Head forward58 Head back61 Eyes turn left62 Eyes turn right63 Eyes up64 Eyes down

O)*D*5 3.1: M",-0%' Action Units

3.2. MPEG-4 FBA

3.)" +%;.) B5$&-) .&/ MPEG-4 #"#+.=>1)59 B"#2 .%A+&2 #"#+#%,-.#-)2 5#0 #",E/-)2

.&/ #"1%<+4"&/ +%&-;+&/ (Face animation). O& 1999 .& MPEG-4 F#-0TA'9"& -.& H-

Anim, #->&E(1)59 @0# +%;.) 8&%, '9 .& #"1%;+0"& -;'# (Body Animation). 3.02 +%;.92

9+95.,-902 .&/ (MPEG-4 B5$&-) 2 #%>B2 2000), .& +%A./+& #+B5.)-9 .)" 9+4-)') $091"(

./+&+&0)'B") '&%8(, 9"; -.)" .9E9/.#4# B5$&-) .&/ MPEG-4 /+,%>&/" -.&0>94# @0# .)"

5<$05&+&4)-) A>0 'A"& 905&"05;" #"1%;+<" (virtual human) #EE, 5#0 T;<" 5#0 8/.;".

3.)" 5#.9=1/"-) #/.( B>&/" #"#+./>194 .# 9G(2 $=& +E#4-0# 98#%'&@;":

§ .& FBA (Face Body Animation)

§ .& BBA (Bone-base Animation)

3.2.1. MPEG-4 D*# "%-/;& - FDPs D*# FAPs

I%)-0'&+&0&='9 B"# -="&E& +#%#'B.%<" @0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A .&/ ->('#.&2, .&/

'9@B1&/2 5#0 .)2 /8(2 .&/ +%&-;+&/ (FDPs – Facial Definition Parameters), -9

-/"$/#-'A '9 B"# ,EE& -="&E& +#%#'B.%<" +&/ >%)-0'&+&094.#0 @0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A

.<" «50"(-9<"» .&/ +%&-;+&/ 94.9 #/.B2 +%&B%>&".#0 #+A B58%#-) -/"#0-1)',.<" 94.9

+%&5=+.&/" 5#., .)" &'0E4# (FAPs – Facial Animation Parameters) [29].

O& -="&E& .<" FDPs '#2 +#%B>90 .) $/"#.A.).# #5%0F&=2 +%&-$0&%0-'&= .<" 50"(-9<" -/@595%0'B"<" >#%#5.)%0-.05;" .&/ +%&-;+&/, 9"; #+A .# FAPs, '9 -<-.(

9%')"94#, '+&%&='9 "# +%&-$0&%4-&/'9 958%,-902 5#0 958&%, EA@&/ -9 $0,8&%# '&".BE#

+%&-;+<" ><%42 "# 94"#0 #+#%#4.).92 ) #%>05&+&4)-) 5#0 ) F#1'&"A')-) (calibration) .)2

5,'9%#2. K '9.#.%&+( .<" FAPs -9 8<"('#.# '+&%94 "# '#2 &$)@(-90 -9 B"# '&".BE&

598#E0&= +&/ 1# B>90 .) $/"#.A.).# "# '0E,90 -9 AE92 .02 @E;--92.

3.2.1.1 !$%&% '()(*+-).$ ')%/01%)1/*%! ')%/23%" (FDPs)

M9 .# FDPs '+&%&='9 "# +%&-#%'A-&/'9 B"# '&".BE& +%&-;+&/ -9 B"# $9$&'B"&

+%A-<+&. O& -="&E& .<" FDPs '+&%94 "# +9%0E#'F,"90 +EB@'# 3D '9 +E)%&8&%492 @0#




30 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

.)" /8(, .%0-$0,-.#.# >#%#5.)%0-.05, -)'94# 5#0, +%&#0%9.05,, 5,+&0# 905A"# .)2 /8(2 5#0

,EE# >#%#5.)%0-.05, A+<2 '#EE0,, @/#E0, &%,-9<2, )E054# ( 8=E&. O& +EB@'# 3D

>%)-0'&+&094.#0 @0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A .&/ ->('#.&2 .&/ +%&-;+&/, 9"; .# .%0-$0,-.#.#

>#%#5.)%0-.05, -)'94# >%)-0'&+&0&=".#0 @0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A .<" >#%#5.)%0-.05;" .&/ +%&-;+&/ -.& -/@595%0'B"& .%0-$0,-.#.& ->('#.

O# Feature Points (FPs) .<" FDPs 8#4"&".#0 -.)" +#D%)* 3.2.

xy

z

11.5

11.4

11.2

10.2

10.4

10.10

10.8

10.6

2.14

7.1

11.6 4.6

4.4

4.2

5.2

5.4

2.10

2.122.1

11.1

Tongue

6.26.4 6.3

6.1Mouth

8.18.9 8.10

8.58.3

8.7

8.2

8.8

8.48.6

2.2

2.3

2.6

2.82.9

2.72.5 2.4

2.12.12 2.11

2.14

2.10

2.13

10.610.8

10.4

10.2

10.10

5.4

5.2

5.3

5.1

10.1

10.910.3

10.510.7

4.1 4.34.54.6

4.4 4.2

11.111.2 11.3

11.4

11.5

x

y

z

Nose

9.6 9.7

9.14 9.13

9.12

9.2

9.4 9.15 9.5

9.3

9.1

Teeth

9.109.11

9.8

9.9

Feature points affected by FAPs

Other feature points

Right eye Left eye

3.13

3.7

3.9

3.5

3.1

3.3

3.11

3.14

3.10

3.12 3.6

3.4

3.2

3.8

+#D%)* 3.2: M #",-0%' 23* Feature Points -2# MPEG-4




<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 31

O# FDPs +9%0B>&/" .# 9G(2 +9$4#:

· FeaturePointsCoord – .# .%0-$0,-.#.# >#%#5.)%0-.05, -)'94# +&/

>%)-0'&+&0&=".#0 @0# .) T/@&-.,1'0-) .&/ '&".BE&/ .&/ +%&-;+&/

· TextureCoords – -/".9.#@'B"92 .)2 /8(2 @0# .# >#%#5.)%0-.05, -)'94#

· TextureType – +E)%&8&%4# @0# .&" #+&5<$05&+&0).( ->9.05( '9 .& .=+& .)2 905A"#2

.)2 /8(2.

· FaceDefTables – +9%0@%#8( .)2 -/'+9%08&%, .<" FAPs.

· FaceSceneGraph - +9%0B>90 .)" 905A"# .)2 /8(2 ( +E)%&8&%492 @0# .)" 09%#%>4# .&/

'&".BE&/.

3.2.1.2 !$%&% '()(*+-).$ 46$7/78 ')%/23%" (FAPs)

O# FAPs F#-4T&".#0 -.) '9EB.) .<" 9E#>4-.<" 50"(-9<" .&/ +%&-;+&/ 5#0 -/"$B&".#0

-.9", '9 .02 50"(-902 .<" '/;". ".0+%&-<+9=&/" B"# &E&5E)%<'B"& -="&E& F#-05;"

9"9%@90;" .&/ +%&-;+&/, 9+0.%B+&".#2 .)" #+905A"0-) .)2 +E90&S)84#2 .<" 8/-0&E&@05;"

#"1%<+4"<" 958%,-9<", 9"; &0 /+9%F&E05B2 .0'B2 '#2 9+0.%B+&/" "# &%4-&/'9 9"B%@9092

#$="#.92 @0# B"#" ,"1%<+&, #EE, #+#%#4.).92, @0# +#%,$90@'#, @0# .&/2 >#%#5.(%92

cartoon. cE92 &0 +#%,'9.%&0 +&/ 9'+9%0B>&/" '9.#8&%05( 54")-) 958%,T&".#0 '9 .&/2

A%&/2 .<" '&",$<" 54")-)2 .<" >#%#5.)%0-.05;" .&/ +%&-;+&/ (FAPU – Facial

Animation Parameter Units).

:%&B5/S9 ) #",@5) &%0-'&= .<" '&",$<" #/.;" ;-.9 "# 94"#0 $/"#.( ) 98#%'&@(

.<" FAPs -9 &+&0&$(+&.9 '&".BE& +%&-;+&/ '9 -.#19%A .%A+&, 5#1;2 5#0 ) +#%#@<@( E&@05;" 5#0 #"#'9"A'9"<" #+&.9E9-',.<", A-&" #8&%, -.02 958%,-902 5#0 -.)" 958&%,

.&/ EA@&/.

O# FAPUs #+905&"4T&".#0 -.)" +#D%)* 3.3 5#0 #".0-.&0>&=", -.)" &/-4#, -9 5E,-'#.#

.)2 #+A-.#-)2 &%0-'B"<" -)'94<" – 5E90$0;" .&/ +%&-;+&/, 9+0E9@'B"# '9 .B.&0& .%A+&

;-.9 "# $4"&/" .)" #+#0.&='9") #5%4F90#.

MW0

MNS0

ENS0

ES0IRISD0

+#D%)* 3.3: H#*1@5' 76*/-/' 23* $+"+72/",-2,7:* 2#) 9"#-:9#) [53]




32 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

C0 +#%,'9.%&0 FAPUs +&/ #+905&"4T&".#0 -.)" +#D%)* 3.3, $4"&/" .02 ->B-902 .&/

O)*D* 3.2 @0# .02 '&",$92 'B.%)-)2 .&/ MPEG-4:

J)&(*-O* !"#."*40 =$8-!#5 &"#-(&I (&)3P/)

(8<"1-15 MPEG-4

IRISD0 ?0,'9.%&2 .)2 4%0$#2 ( 9G &%0-'&= 0-&=.#0 '9 .)" #+A-.#-) ,"< 5#0 5,.< FE98,%&/ ) -.& &/$B.9%& +%A-<+& 1024

0 IRISD IRISD =

ES0 +A-.#-) '#.0;" 1024

0 ES ES =

ENS0 +A-.#-) '=.)2-'#.0;" 1024

0 ENS ENS =

MNS0 +A-.#-) -.A'#.&2-'=.)2 1024

0 MNS MNS =

MW0 :E,.&2 -.A'#.&2 1024

0 MW MW =

AU U<"0#5( '&",$# rad E AU 510 -=

O)*D*5 3.2: H#*1@5' 0>2"/-/' 23* FAPs

U0# 5,19 FAP &%4T&/'9 #" B>90 'A"& 19.05B2 (unidirectional) ( 5#0 #%").05B2 .0'B2 (bi-

directional), +%&2 +&0# 5#.9=1/"-) 94"#0 &0 19.05B2 .0'B2 5#0 +&092 #5%0F;2 94"#0 &0 '&",$92

'B.%)-)2 ( '&4%92 ( 5,+&0& #+A .# FAPUs), 9"; 'A"& @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ -#@&"0&=

>%)-0'&+&0&='9 '&",$92 +&/ '9.%&=" .)" «B".#-)» +49-)2 .&/ -#@&"0&= '9 5E4'#5# #+A .&

1 B<2 .& 10.

_+,%>&/" FAPs +&/ +%&-$0&%4T&/" .)" 54")-) .&/ F&EF&= .&/ '#.0&=, .&/ FE98,%&/,

.& 'B@91&2 .)2 5A%)2 .&/ '#.0&=, .)" 54")-) .<" 8%/$0;" ( '9 .%4# -)'94# @0# 5,19 8%=$0 ),

.)" 54")-) .)2 '=.)2 5#0 .<" %&/1&/"0;" 90$05A.9%#, A-& '05%( 50 #" 94"#0 #/.(. bEE#

FAPs +%&-$0&%4T&/" .02 50"(-902 #+A .# ',@&/E# 5#0 .)" +49-) +&/ +01#";2 #-594.#0 -.&

-#@A"0 5#1;2 5#0 .)" 54")-) .&/ -.A'#.&2 ( >%)-0'&+&0;".#2 .%4# -)'94# 5#0

+%&-$0&%4T&".#2 -/@>%A"<2 5#0 .)" +01#"( 5#.#5A%/8) 54")-) .&/ ,"< 5#0 .&/ 5,.<

>94E&/2 ( .& .%,F)@'# .<" ,5%<" .&/ -.A'#.&2, 9-<.9%05, #EE, 5#0 9G<.9%05, ). FAPs/+,%>&/" #5A') 5#0 @0# .)" 54")-) .)2 ,5%)2 .)2 @E;--#2 ( 5#0 @0# +01#"( 54")-) .<"

#/.0;".

_+,%>&/" 5,+&0# «#";.9%# FAPs» +&/ +9%0@%,8&/", ><%42 "# $09/5%0"4T&/"

E9+.&'B%9092, 5,+&0# #+A .02 BG0 @"<-.B2 958%,-902 @0# .& +%A-<+& +&/ 1#

#+&5<$05&+&0)194. O# FAPs #/., ( BG0, B"# @0# 5,19 F#-05( B58%#-) ) B>&/" +%&.9%#0A.).#

B"#".0 .<" /+&E&4+<", $)E#$( #5A'# 5#0 #", -='8<"# '9 .# /+AE&0+# FAPs, &%4T9.#0 5,.0

$0#8&%9.05A, & #+&5<$05&+&0).(2 1# E,F90 /+AS) .&/ 'A"& .# #";.9%# FAPs.

6+4-)2, B>&/" &%0-.94 5#0 ,EE92 +#%,'9.%&0 +&/ +%&-$0&%4T&/" .) -.,-) .&/ 598#E0&= 5#0

.)" #5%0F( B58%#-) .&/ +%&-;+&/.




<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 33

O& MPEG–4 +%&-$0&%4T90 84 -)'94# >#%#5.)%0-.05;" -.& &/$B.9%& +%A-<+&, .#

&+&4# +#%B>&/" ><%05( #"#8&%, @0# .&" &%0-'A .<" FAPs. C &%0-'A2 .&/ Facial

Animation -.& +E#4-0& .&/ +%&.=+&/ ISO MPEG–4 [1] F#-4T9.#0 -.& 3=-.)'#

W<$05&+&4)-)2 6"9%@90;" .&/ :%&-;+&/ (FACS – Facial Action Coding System)( C*%2/2+ 3.1 ). 3/@595%0'B"#, .# -="&E# +#%#'B.%<" &%0-'&= +%&-;+&/ FDP (Facial

Definition Parameter) 5#0 &0 +#%,'9.%&0 54")-)2 +%&-;+&/ FAP (Facial Animation

Parameter) ->9$0,-.)5#" -.& +%A./+& MPEG-4 @0# "# 9+0.%BS&/" .&" &%0-'A .&/

->('#.&2 5#0 .)2 /8(2 .&/ +%&-;+&/, '90;"&".#2 .)" #",@5) +%&-$0&%0-'&= .)2

.&+&E&@4#2 .)2 /+,%>&/-#2 @9<'9.%4#2 'B-< .<" FDPs 5#0 .)" 54")-) .<"

>#%#5.)%0-.05;" .&/ +%&-;+&/, #"#+#%,@&".#2 958%,-902, -/"#0-1('#.# 5#0 958&%,

EA@&/ 'B-< .<" FAPs.

C &%0-'A2 .&/ viseme B>90 -/'+9%0E)8194 -.& +%A./+& @0# .&" -/@>%&"0-'A .<"

50"(-9<" .&/ -.A'#.&2 <2 +%&2 .# 8<"('#.# '9 .) -/"&E05( 54")-) .<" >#%#5.)%0-.05;"

.&/ +%&-;+&/ (facial animation). :#%#5&E&/1;".#2 .# "9='#.# (gestures) .&/ +%&-;+&/

+&/ #".0-.&0>&=" -9 FDP 5#0/( FAP 50"(-902 <2 +%&2 .& >%A"&, 94"#0 $/"#.( ) #+A$&-)

-.&0>94<" (cues) +&/ #8&%&=" .02 958%,-902 5#0 .# -/"#0-1('#.# .&/ >%(-.).

:&054E# #+&.9EB-'#.# B>&/" +#%&/-0#-.94 +&/ #8&%&=" -.)" 5#.,.#G) F#-05;"

958%,-9<" .&/ +%&-;+&/, F#-0TA'9"# 5/%4<2 -9 >#%#5.)%0-.05, ( -)'94# +&/ 9G,@&".#0

#+A +9%0&>B2 .&/ +%&-;+&/ @=%< #+A .& -.A'# ( .# ',.0#. /., .# #+&.9EB-'#.#

/+&$)E;"&/" A.0 &0 958%,-902 .&/ +%&-;+&/ -9 -/"$/#-'A '9 5,+&092 >90%&"&'492 5#0 .)"

8<"(, A.#" #/.( 94"#0 $0#1B-0'), +#%B>&/" -.&0>94# +&/ '+&%&=" "# >%)-0'&+&0)1&=" @0#

.)" 5#.#"A)-) .)2 -/"#0-1)'#.05(2 5#.,-.#-)2 .&/ #.A'&/.

O# FAPs &'#$&+&0&=".#0 #",E&@# '9 .)" E&@05( &%0-'&= .&/2, A+<2 8#4"9.#0 -.&"

O)*D* 3.3 [29].

J(3P!5 FAPL0?&5

FAP

1 658%,-902 2

23#@A"0, +)@&="0, 9-<.9%05A .&/ 5,.< >94E&/2, ,5%92 >90E0;", 'B-& >90E0;"

16

3 Q&EFA2 &81#E'&=, 5A%) &81#E'&=, FEB8#%& 12

4 g%=$0 8

5 M,@&/E& 4

6 UE;--# 5

7 :9%0-.%&8( 598#E0&= 3

8 HB-) 9G<.9%05&= >94E&2 10

9 M=.) 4

10 /.0, 4

O)*D*5 3.3: M01@5' FAPs




34 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

O# FAPs, A+<2 #/., B>&/" &%0-.94 -.& +E#4-0& .&/ +%&.=+&/ MPEG-4

+9%0E#'F,"&".#0 -.&" O)*D* 3.4:

*/* ])&(* FAP !"#."*40 FAP

6 & ) 3 P * ( 8 < " 1 - 1 5

9 & ) 0 5 / ;

# ; L 0 5

D * < ! I ? > ) - 1 5

R * < ! I ? > ) - 1 R O ) 1 - 1 5

J ( 3 P *

1 Viseme

W#1&%4T90 .)" #5&E&/14# .<" visemes ( 54")-)

-.A'#.&2 @0# +%&8&%, -/@595%0'B"<"

8<")',.<" ) @0# .& -/@595%0'B"& 5#%B.

- - - 1

2 Expression V"# -="&E& .0';" +&/ 5#1&%4T&/" .)" B58%#-)

.&/ +%&-;+&/.- - - 1

3 &pen_jawW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) -#@&"0;" ( $9"

9+)%9,T9.#0 #+A .& ,"&0@'# .&/ -.A'#.&2 )MNS M W,.< 2

4 lower_t_midlipW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ .&/

9-<.9%05&= .&/ ,"< >94E&/2 MNS ? W,.< 2

5 raise_b_midlipW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ .&/

9-<.9%05&= .&/ 5,.< >94E&/2 MNS ? :,"< 2

6 stretch_l_cornerlipC%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 #%0-.9%(2 9-<.9%05(2

@<"4#2 .<" >90E0;" MW ? %0-.9%, 2

7 stretch_r_cornerlipC%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 $9G0,2 9-<.9%05(2

@<"4#2 .<" >90E0;" MW ? ?9G0, 2

8 lower_t_lip_lmW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2 #%0-.9%(2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9-<.9%05&=

.&/ ,"< >94E&/2

MNS ? W,.< 2

9 lower_t_lip_rm

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

$9G0,2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9-<.9%05&= .&/

,"< >94E&/2

MNS ? W,.< 2

10 raise_b_lip_lm

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

#%0-.9%(2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9-<.9%05&=

.&/ 5,.< >94E&/2

MNS ? :,"< 2

11 raise_b_lip_rm

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

$9G0,2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9-<.9%05&= .&/

5,.< >94E&/2

MNS ? :,"< 2

12 raise_l_cornerlipW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 9-<.9%05(2

#%0-.9%(2 @<"4#2 .<" >90E0;" MNS ? :,"< 2

13 raise_r_cornerlipW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 9-<.9%05(2 $9G0,2

@<"4#2 .<" >90E0;" MNS ? :,"< 2

14 thrust_jaw :%&;1)-) .&/ -#@&"0&= MNS M M+%&-., 2

15 shift_jaw C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ -#@&"0&= MW ? ?9G0, 2

16 push_b_lip :%&;1)-) .)2 'B-)2 .&/ 5,.< >94E&/2 MNS ? M+%&-., 2

17 push_t_lip :%&;1)-) .)2 'B-)2 .&/ ,"< >94E&/2 MNS ? M+%&-., 2

18 depress_chin "=S<-) 5#0 -/'+49-) .&/ -#@&"0&= ( A+<2 -.)"

B58%#-) .)2 E=+)2 ).MNS ? :,"< 2

19 close_t_l_eyelid W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ ,"< #%0-.9%&= IRISD ? W,.< 3




<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 35

FEB8#%&/

20 close_t_r_eyelidW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ ,"< $9G0&=

FEB8#%&/ IRISD ? W,.< 3

21 close_b_l_eyelid

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 5,.< #%0-.9%&=

FEB8#%&/ IRISD ? :,"< 3

22 close_b_r_eyelidW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 5,.< $9G0&=

FEB8#%&/ IRISD ? :,"< 3

23 yaw_l_eyeballC%0TA".0&2 +%&-#"#.&E0-'A2 .&/ F&EF&= .&/

#%0-.9%&= &81#E'&= AU ? %0-.9%, 3

24 yaw_r_eyeballC%0TA".0&2 +%&-#"#.&E0-'A2 .&/ F&EF&= .&/

$9G0&= &81#E'&= AU ? %0-.9%, 3

25 pitch_l_eyeballW#.#5A%/8&2 +%&-#"#.&E0-'A2 .&/ F&EF&= .&/

#%0-.9%&= &81#E'&= AU ? W,.< 3

26 pitch_r_eyeballW#.#5A%/8&2 +%&-#"#.&E0-'A2 .&/ F&EF&= .&/

$9G0&= &81#E'&= AU ? W,.< 3

27 thrust_l_eyeball :%&;1)-) .&/ F&EF&= .&/ #%0-.9%&= &81#E'&= ES ? M+%&-., 3

28 thrust_r_eyeball :%&;1)-) .&/ F&EF&= .&/ $9G0&= &81#E'&= ES ? M+%&-., 3

29 dilate_l_pupil ?0#-.&E( 5A%)2 #%0-.9%&= &81#E'&= IRISD ? /G).05, 3

30 dilate_r_pupil ?0#-.&E( 5A%)2 $9G0&= &81#E'&= IRISD ? /G).05, 3

31 raise_l_i_eyebrowW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&=

9-<.9%05&= 8%/$0&= ENS ? :,"< 4

32 raise_r_i_eyebrowW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= 9-<.9%05&=

8%/$0&= ENS ? :,"< 4

33 raise_l_m_eyebrowW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&= 'B-&/

8%/$0&= ENS ? :,"< 4

34 raise_r_m_eyebrow W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= 'B-&/ 8%/$0&= ENS ? :,"< 4

35 raise_l_o_eyebrowW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&=

9G<.9%05&= 8%/$0&= ENS ? :,"< 4

36 raise_r_o_eyebrowW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= 9G<.9%05&=

8%/$0&= ENS ? :,"< 4

37 squeeze_l_eyebrow C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&= 8%/$0&= ES ? ?9G0, 4

38 squeeze_r_eyebrow C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= 8%/$0&= ES ? %0-.9%, 4

39 puff_l_cheek C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&= ',@&/E&/ ES ? %0-.9%, 5

40 puff_r_cheek C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= ',@&/E&/ ES ? ?9G0, 5

41 lift_l_cheek W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&= ',@&/E&/ ENS M :,"< 5

42 lift_r_cheek W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= ',@&/E&/ ENS M :,"< 543 shift_tongue_tip C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 ,5%)2 .)2 @E;--#2 MW ? ?9G0, 6

44 raise_tongue_tip W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 ,5%)2 .)2 @E;--#2 MNS ? :,"< 6

45 thrust_tongue_tip :%&;1)-) .)2 ,5%)2 .)2 @E;--#2 MW ? M+%&-., 6

46 raise_tongue W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 @E;--#2 MNS ? :,"< 6

47 tongue_roll ?4+E<'# .)2 @E;--#2 -9 ->('# U AU M

W&4E)

+%&2 .#

+,"<

6

48 head_pitchU<"4# 598#E(2 #+A .)" 5&%/8( .)2 -+&"$/E05(2

-.(E)2 AU ? W,.< 7

49 head_yaw

65.%&+( 598#E(2 #+A .)" 5&%/8( .)2

-+&"$/E05(2 -.(E)2 AU ? %0-.9%, 7




36 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

50 head_roll3.%&8( 598#E(2 #+A .)" 5&%/8( .)2 -+&"$/E05(2

-.(E)2 AU ? ?9G0, 7

51 lower_t_midlip_oW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ .&/

9G<.9%05&= .&/ ,"< >94E&/2 MNS ? W,.< 8

52 raise_b_midlip_oW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9G<.9%05&= .&/ 5,.< >94E&/2

MNS ? :,"< 8

53 stretch_l_cornerlip_oC%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 #%0-.9%(2 9G<.9%05(2

@<"4#2 .<" >90E0;".MW ? %0-.9%, 8

54 stretch_r_cornerlip_oC%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 $9G0,2 9G<.9%05(2

@<"4#2 .<" >90E0;".MW ? ?9G0, 8

55 lower_t_lip_lm_o

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

#%0-.9%(2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9G<.9%05&=

.&/ ,"< >94E&/2

MNS ? W,.< 8

56 lower_t_lip_rm_o

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

$9G0,2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9G<.9%05&= .&/

,"< >94E&/2

MNS ? W,.< 8

57 raise_b_lip_lm_o

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

#%0-.9%(2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9G<.9%05&=

.&/ 5,.< >94E&/2

MNS ? :,"< 8

58 raise_b_lip_rm_o

W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ 'B-&/ '9.#G= .)2

$9G0,2 @<"4#2 5#0 .&/ 'B-&/ .&/ 9G<.9%05&= .&/

5,.< >94E&/2

MNS ? :,"< 8

59 raise_l_cornerlip_oW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 #%0-.9%(2

9G<.9%05(2 @<"4#2 .<" >90E0;" MNS ? :,"< 8

60 raise_r_cornerlip_oW#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 $9G0,2 9G<.9%05(2

@<"4#2 .<" >90E0;" MNS ? :,"< 8

61 stretch_r_noseC%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 #%0-.9%(2 +E9/%,2 .)2

'=.)2 ENS ? %0-.9%, 9

62 stretch_r_noseC%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 $9G0,2 +E9/%,2 .)2

'=.)2 ENS ? ?9G0, 9

63 raise_nose W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .)2 ,5%)2 .)2 '=.)2 ENS ? :,"< 9

64 bend_nose C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .)2 ,5%)2 .)2 '=.)2 ENS ? ?9G0, 9

65 raise_l_ear W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&= #8.0&= ENS ? :,"< 10

66 raise_r_ear W#.#5A%/8) '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= #8.0&= ENS ? :,"< 10

67 pull_l_ear C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ #%0-.9%&= #8.0&= ENS ? %0-.9%, 10

68 pull_r_ear C%0TA".0# '9.#.A+0-) .&/ $9G0&= #8.0&= ENS ? ?9G0, 10

O)*D*5 3.4: M",-0#6 FAPs

3.2.1.3 '6$(<,8 '(),*=%&>8 FAPs

c+<2 #"#8B%1)59 +%&)@&/'B"<2, & 5<$05&+&0).(2 '+&%94 "# 9+0.%BS90 -.&"

#+&5<$05&+&0).( "# +%&-9@@4-90 .02 .0'B2 5,+&0<" FAPs '9 F,-) .# '9.#$0$A'9"# FAPs.

6"#EE#5.05,, & #+&5<$05&+&0).(2 '+&%94 "# +%&-$0&%4-90 .&/2 5#"A"92 +#%9'F&E(2 '9 .)

>%(-) +0",5<" +#%9'F&E(2 FAPs (FIT – FAPs Interpolation Tables). V"#2 FIT 9+0.%B+90 B"# '05%A.9%& -="&E& #+A FAPs "# -.#E94 @0# +%&-$0&%0-'A 54")-)2 +%&-;+&/. /.A .&




<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 37

'05%A -="&E& '+&%94 #%@A.9%# "# >%)-0'&+&0)194 @0# .&" 5#1&%0-'A .<" .0';" ,EE<"

FAPs, '9 >%(-) E&@05(2 +&E/<"/'05(2 -/->B.0-)2 (rational polynomial mapping) '9.#G=

.<" +#%#'B.%<". U0# +#%,$90@'#, .& FAP .&/ 9-<.9%05&= .&/ +,"< >94E&/2 '+&%94 "#

-.#E94 5#0 -.) -/"B>90# "# >%)-0'&+&0)194 @0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A .&/ FAP .&/ 9G<.9%05&= .&/ +,"< >94E&/2, '9 >%(-) -/",%.)-)2 E&@05&= +&E/<"='&/ +&/ +%&-$0&%4T9.#0 -.& FIT.

3>)'#.05,, & &E&5E)%<'B"&2 .%A+&2 5<$05&+&4)-)2 .)2 54")-)2 .&/ +%&-;+&/,

-='8<"# '9 .& +%A./+& MPEG-4 $4"9.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 3.4:

+#D%)* 3.4: Y"1E/0+ %?3* 23* -2+@63* 73@,7#9#6/-/' 2/' 76*/-/' 2#) 9"#-:9#)

3.2.1.4 4(?%)1/*@8 -%" *%$-+&%" -%" 3)%/23%"

W,19 #+&5<$05&+&0(.)2 MPEG-4 +&/ E#'F,"90 .# FAPs +%B+90 "# +#%,->90 B"# +%A./+&

'&".BE& +%&-;+&/ MPEG-4 +&/ "# +9%0B>90 5#0 54")-). 3/"(1<2, #/.A 94"#0 B"# +%A./+&

.& &+&4& @"<%4T90 & #+&5<$05&+&0).(2. C 5<$05&+&0).(2 $9" @"<%4T90 .) '&%8( .&/

+%A./+&/ +%&-;+&/. I%)-0'&+&0;".#2 +#%#'B.%&/2 &%0-'&= .&/ +%&-;+&/ (FDP- FaceDefinition Parameter), .& MPEG-4 9+0.%B+90 -.&" 5<$05&+&0).( "# $09/5%0"4-90 '9 '9@,E)

#5%4F90# .& '&".BE& .&/ +%&-;+&/, .&/ &+&4&/ .# >#%#5.)%0-.05, 1# 50")1&=".

U0# "# /E&+&0)194 #/.A +%B+90 "# B>90 5#1&%0-.94 ) -.#.05( @9<'9.%4# .&/ +%&.=+&/

+%&-;+&/ -.) 8/-05( .&/ 5#.,-.#-) '9 -5&+A "# 5#1&%0-.&=" &0 0$0A.).92 .)2 9+08,"90#2

.&/ +%&-;+&/ 5#1;2 5#0 &0 5#"A"92 54")-)2, A+<2 #/.&4 5#.#@%,8&".#0 -.&/2 +4"#592

54")-)2 +%&-;+&/ (FAT- Facial Animation Tables), &0 &+&4&0 $09/5%0"4T&/" +;2 #/.A .&

'&".BE& '9.#->)'#.4T9.#0 #+A .# FAPs.

FACE

FIT FDP FAP TTSSource renderedFace

faceSceneGraphNode

intervalBorders

coordIndex

displacements

faceSceneGraphNode

FieldID

rotationDef

scaleDef

translationDef

featurePoints Coord

texture Coords

useOrtho Texture

faceDef Tables

faceScene Graph

FapID highLevelSelect faceDefMesh faceDefTransform

FACE

FIT FDP FAP TTSSource renderedFace

faceSceneGraphNode

intervalBorders

coordIndex

displacements

faceSceneGraphNode

FieldID

rotationDef

scaleDef

translationDef

featurePoints Coord

texture Coords

useOrtho Texture

faceDef Tables

faceScene Graph

FapID highLevelSelect faceDefMesh faceDefTransform




38 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

3.2.2. MPEG-4 D*# *)?"E;#)& -E(*

C0 .9E9/.#492 #"#19<%(-902 5#0 +%&-1(592 .&/ +%&.=+&/ MPEG-4 #->&E&=".#0 5#0 '9 .)"

54")-) .&/ -;'#.&2 &%4T&".#2 +#%#'B.%&/2 +&/ +9%0@%,8&/" +EB&" 'B%) .&/ #"1%<+4"&/

-;'#.&2 5#0 A>0 .&/ +%&-;+&/. K +9%0@%#8( FBF#0# .&/ #"1%<+4"&/ -;'#.&2, 5/%4<2 .)2

54")-)2 .&/, +#%&/-0,T90 +&EEB2 $/-5&E492 EA@< .<" F#1';" 9E9/19%4#2 5#0 .)2 @9<'9.%4#2

.&/ -;'#.&2.

3.2.2.1. BDPs <(1 BAPs

3.& +E#4-0& .&/ +%&.=+&/ MPEG-4, +#%,'9.%&0 B>&/" &%0-.94 A>0 'A"& @0# .& +%A-<+&

#EE, 5#0 @0# .)" 54")-) .&/ -;'#.&2 (FBA - Face Body Animation) '9 .&" 5#1&%0-'A .<"

-/@595%0'B"<" -/"AE<" -)'94<" +%&-;+&/ 5#0 -;'#.&2.

K $9=.9%) B5$&-) .&/ +%&.=+&/, #5&E&/1;".#2 .)" 4$0# $0#$05#-4# '9 #/.( .&/ &%0-'&= .&/ +%&-;+&/ 5#0 .)2 54")-)2 ( 'B-< .<" FDPs 5#0 FAPs), +9%0@%,890 .)"

#"#.&'4# .&/ #"1%<+4"&/ -;'#.&2 '9 &',$92 $0#5%0.;" -/'FAE<", 9E#..;"&".#2 .)"

#",@5) @0# +%&-$0&%0-'A .)2 /+,%>&/-#2 @9<'9.%4#2. /., .# -='F&E# '+&%&=" "#

>%)-0'&+&0)1&=" B.-0 ;-.9 "# #"0>"9=&/" #/.A'#.# '9.%(-902 5#0 9"$94G902 54")-)2 -9 '0#

#5&E&/14# F4".9&, F&)1;".#2 B.-0 .&" /+&E&@0-'A .)2 +%#@'#.05(2 54")-)2 +&/

$0#@%,89.#0 #+A .& /+&594'9"&, 5#0, #" 94"#0 #+#%#4.).&, .)" +%&-B@@0-) .)2 #+A '0#

-/"19.05( 54")-).

U9"05,, B"# MPEG-4 -;'# 94"#0 '0# -/EE&@( #+A 5A'F&/2. O& -="&E& .<"

+#%#'B.%<" &%0-'&= .&/ -;'#.&2 (BDP – Body Definition Parameter) +#%B>90

+E)%&8&%4# @0# .)" 9+08,"90# .&/ -;'#.&2, .02 $0#-.,-902 5#0 .)" /8( .&/, 9"; .& -="&E&

+#%#'B.%<" 54")-)2 .&/ -;'#.&2 ( BAP – Body Animation Parameter) '9.#->)'#.4T90 .)

-.,-) .&/ -;'#.&2. O# BAPs +9%0@%,8&/" .)" .&+&E&@4# .&/ #"1%;+0"&/ -59E9.&=,

E#'F,"&".#2 /+AS0" .&/2 +9%0&%0-'&=2 +&/ /+90-B%>&".#0 EA@< #%1%;-9<" 5#0

#"9G,%.).<" F#1';" 9E9/19%4#2 -.& '&".BE& .&/ -59E9.&= #+A $0#8&%9.05, 'B%) .&/

-;'#.&2. O& MPEG-4 +#%B>90 E&0+A" '4# /S)E&= 9+0+B$&/ @E;--# @0# .)" +9%0@%#8( .)2

54")-)2, $9$&'B"&/ A.0 5,19 BAP B>90 9G#0%9.05, +9%0@%#805A A"&'#.

C &E&5E)%<'B"&2 .%A+&2 5<$05&+&4)-)2 .)2 54")-)2 .&/ -;'#.&2, -.# +E#4-0# .&/ +%&.=+&/ MPEG-4 #+905&"4T9.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 3.5.




<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 39

BODY

BDP BAP renderedBody

bodySegment

ConnectionHint

bodyDef

Tables

bodyScene

Graph

bodySceneGraphNodeName

bapIDs

vertexIDs

bapCombinations

displacements

numInterpolateKeys

firstSegmentNodeName

secondSegmentNodeName

firstVertexIDList

secondVertexIDList

BODY

BDP BAP renderedBody

bodySegment

ConnectionHint

bodyDef

Tables

bodyScene

Graph

bodySceneGraphNodeName

bapIDs

vertexIDs

bapCombinations

displacements

numInterpolateKeys

firstSegmentNodeName

secondSegmentNodeName

firstVertexIDList

secondVertexIDList

+#D%)* 3.5: Y"1E/0+ %?3* 23* -2+@63* 73@,7#9#6/-/' 2/' 76*/-/' 2#) -:0+2#'

3.2.2.2. 46$7/7 =(/1A@*,$7 /-( %/-B BBA (Bone Based Animation)

O& MPEG-4 BBA +%&-8B%90 B"# ./+&+&0)'B"& ->('# #".#EE#@(2 +&/ 9+95.94"90 .&

MPEG-4 FBA [52]. 3.& BBA & -59E9.A2 94"#0 '0# 09%#%>05( $&'( +&/ #+&.9E94.#0 #+A

&-.,. 39 #/.(" .)" 09%#%>4# 5,19 &-.A B>90 B"#" @&"B# 5#0 '+&%94 "# B>90 <2 +#0$0, ,EE# &-.,, '/2 ( .%0-$0,-.#.# #".0594'9"#. U0# .) '9.#54")-) 5,19 &-.&= +%B+90 "#

5#1&%4-&/'9 .)" 9+4$%#-) #/.(2 .)2 '9.#54")-)2 -.& $B%'# .&/ '&".BE&/ '#2, 5#1;2 5#0

.)" 9+4$%#-) #/.(2 .)2 54")-)2 -.# +#0$0, .&/ 5#0 .& #".4-.%&8&.

3.# $0#$&>05, +E#4-0# BBA ) +9%0-.%&8( #".0+%&-<+9=9.#0 <2 @<"492 Euler.

:9%0B>90 AE# .# 50"&='9"# +E#4-0# ( $9$&'B"# -.# >%&"05, F#-05, +E#4-0#. 3.) $9=.9%)

+9%4+.<-) & #+&5<$05&+&0).(2 1# /+&E&@4-90 .# 9"$0,'9-# +E#4-0# #+A .) >%&"05(

+#%9'F&E( ( @%#''05( +#%9'F&E( @0# .) '9.,8%#-) 5#0 @0# .)" 5E4'#5# 5#0 -8#0%05(

@%#''05( +#%9'F&E( @0# .)" +9%0-.%&8( 5#0 .&" +%&-#"#.&E0-'A .)2 5E4'#5#2 ). C0

#"#+#%#-.,-902, &0 &+&492 94"#0 F#-0-'B"92 -.# &-.,, &894E&".#0 -.)" -="19-) 5#0 -.)"

#",E/-) .<" >90%&"&'0;" .<" >9%0;" 5#0 ,EE<" 50"(-9<" .&/ -;'#.&2.

C -/"$/#-'A2 .<" 50"(-9<" .&/ +%&-;+&/ 5#0 .&/ -;'#.&2 -.# +E#4-0# .&/

+%&.=+&/ MPEG-4 '+&%94 "# B>90 +&EE#+EB2 98#%'&@B2, 9"; -/@>%A"<2 ) >%(-)

+#%#'B.%<" 5#E, &%0-'B"<" +0-.&+&094 5#E=.9%& #+&.BE9-'# 5#0 +0& 9=>%)-.& -.) $091"(

9+0-.)'&"05( 5&0"A.).#.





41

R!43L*#& 4

4.+D4"3-!#5 "&-E;&> – J"#-(%5 D*# 9)3L>-1

4.1. 9)<#-<&O$#-1 AUs – FAPs

3.# +%&)@&='9"# 598,E#0# #"#8B%1)5#" $=& $0#8&%9.05B2 &',$92 +#%#'B.%<"

5#1&%0-'&= .)2 «-/'+9%08&%,2» .&/ +%&-;+&/. /.B2 &0 $=& &',$92 +#%AE& +&/ B>&/"

&%0-.94 -#8;2 50 9".9E;2 #"9G,%.).# ) '4# #+A .)" ,EE) B>&/" <2 5&0"( #89.)%4#

#"#.&'05B2 '9EB.92 5#0 F#-4T&".#0 -.02 50"(-902 .<" '/;" .&/ +%&-;+&/, $)E#$( &0

+#%,'9.%&0 .&/ +%&.=+&/ MPEG-4 (FAPs) 94"#0 -.9", -/"$9$9'B"92 '9 .# Action Units

(AUs). M4# +%&-B@@0-) #".0-.&4>0-)2 #+&./+;"9.#0 -.&" O)*D* 4.1.U0# .)" #".0-.&4>0-) #/.(, +B%#" .&/ &%0-'&= .&/2, 9E(81)-#" /+AS0" -.&0>94# #+A

S/>&E&@05B2 '9EB.92 [39], [40], [32] ->9.05B2 '9 .& ->9$0#-'A 54")-)2 .&/ +%&-;+&/ 5#.,

.) $)'0&/%@4# 958%,-9<", 5#1;2 5#0 #+A +90%#'#.05A /E05A @"<-.;" F,-9<" $9$&'B"<",

A+<2 ) -.#.05( F,-) .&/ Ekman 5#0 ) $/"#'05( F,-) .&/ MediaLab.

AUDescription

FAPs

AU1 Inner Brow

Raiser

raise_l_i_eyebrow (F 31 )+ raise_r_i_eyebrow (F 32 )

AU2Outer BrowRaiser

raise_l_o_eyebrow(F 35 )+ raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 )

AU4 Brow Lowerer

raise_l_o_eyebrow(F 35 )+raise_r_o_eyebrow(F 36 )+raise_l_m_eyebrow(F 33 )

+raise_r_m_eyebrow(F 34 )+raise_l_i_eyebrow(F 31 )+raise_r_i_eyebrow(F 32 ) +

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ) + squeeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 )

AU5 Upper LidRaiser

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ) + close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 )

AU6 Cheek Raiser

lift_l_cheek (F 41 ) + lift_r_cheek (F 42 )

AU7

Lid Tightener close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ) + close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 )

AU9 lower_t_midlip(F 4 )+raise_nose(F 63 )+stretch_l_nose(F 61 )+stretch_r_nose(F 62 )



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

42 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

Nose Wrinkler AU10 Upper LipRaiser

raise_nose (F 63 ) (+ stretch_l_nose (F 61 ) + stetch_r_nose (F 62 )) +lower_t_midlip (F 4 )

AU11 NasolabialDeepener

stretch_l_nose (F 61 ) + stretch_r_nose (F 62 )

AU12 Lip CornerPuller

push_t_lip (F 17 )+ push_b_lip (F 16 )[+ lower_t_midlip (F 4 ) +raise_b_midlip (F 5 )]

AU13 Cheek Puffer

raise_l_cornerlip(F 12 )+raise_r_cornerlip(F 13 )+puff_l_cheek(F 39 )+ puff_r_cheek (F 40 )+

lift_l_cheek (F 41 )+ lift_r_cheek (F 42 )

AU14 Dimpler

stretch_l_cornerlip(F 6 )+stretch_r_cornerlip(F 7 )+raise_l_cornerlip_o(F 59 )+

raise_r_cornerlip_o(F 60 )+stretch_l_cornerlip_o(F 53 )+stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F 54 )

AU15 Lip CornerDepressor

raise_l_cornerlip (F 12 ) + raise_r_cornerlip (F 13 )

AU16 Lower LipDepressor

raise_b_midlip (F 5 )+ raise_b_lip_lm (F

10 ) +raise_b_lip_rm (F

11 ) + raise_b_lip_lm_o

(F 57 )+ raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 ) + push_b_lip(F 16 )

AU17 Chin Raiser

depress_chin (F 18 )

AU18 Lip Puckerer

push_b_lip(F 16 )+ push_t_lip (F 17 )+ stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 ) + stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 )

+ stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F 53 ) + stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F 54 ) +[lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ) +

raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ) + lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 ) + raise_b_lip_lm_o (F 57 ) + +

lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+ raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ) + lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 ) +raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 )]

AU20 Lip stretcher

raise_b_midlip (F 5 ) +raise_l_cornerlip (F 12 ) + raise_r_cornerlip (F 13 ) +

stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 ) + stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 ) + lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ) +

raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ) + lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 ) + raise_b_lip_lm_o (F 57 ) +

raise_l_cornerlip_o (F 59 ) + lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+ raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ) +lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 ) + raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 ) + raise_r_cornerlip_o (F 60 )

AU22 Lip Funneler


+ stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F 53 ) + stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F 54 )+ [lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ) +raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ) + lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 ) + raise_b_lip_lm_o (F 57 ) + +

lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+ raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ) + lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 ) +

raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 )]

AU23 Lip Tightener


+ [lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ) + raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ) + lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 ) +

raise_b_lip_lm_o (F 57 ) + + lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+ raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ) +lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 ) + raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 )]

AU24 Lip Pressor

lower_t_midlip (F 4 ) + raise_b_midlip (F 5 ) +lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ) +raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 )

+lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 )

AU25 Lips part

lower_t_midlip (F 4 ) +raise_b_midlip (F 5 ) +lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ) + raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 )+lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 )

AU26 Jaw Drop

raise_b_midlip(F 5 )+raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 )+ raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 )+ thrust_jaw(F 14 )

AU27 Mouth Stretch

stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 )+ stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 )+ stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F 53 )+

stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F 54 )+lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 )+ raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 )+

lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 )+ raise_b_lip_lm_o (F 57 )+ + lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+

raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 )+ lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 )+ raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 ) AU28 Lip Suck

push_b_lip(F 16 )+ push_t_lip (F 17 )+ lower_t_lip_lm(F 8 )+ raise_b_lip_lm(F 10 ) +

lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 )+ raise_b_lip_lm_o(F 57 )+lower_t_lip_rm (F 9 )+raise_b_lip_rm

(F 11 )+ lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 )+raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 ) AU41 Lid droop

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 )+close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 )

AU42 Slit

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 )+close_t_r_eyelid(F 20 )+close_b_l_eyelid(F 21 )+ close_b_r_eyelid



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 43

(F 22 ) AU43 Eyes Closed

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ) + close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ) + close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ) +

close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ) AU44 Squint

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 )+ close_t_r_eyelid(F 20 )+ close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 )+close_b_r_eyelid (F

22 )+squeeze_l_eyebrow (F

37 )+squeeze_r_eyebrow (F

38 ) AU45

Blinkclose_t_l_eyelid (F 19 )+ close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 )+ close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 )+

close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ) AU46 Wink {close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ) + close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 )} OR {close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 )

close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 )} AU51 Head turn left

head_yaw (F 49 )

AU52 Head turnright

head_yaw (F 49 )

AU53 Head up

head_pitch (F 48 )

AU54

Head down

head_pitch (F 48 )

AU55 Head tilt left

head_roll (F 50 )

AU56 Head tilt right

head_roll (F 50 )

AU57 Head forward

head_pitch (F 48 )

AU58 Head back

head_pitch (F 48 )

AU61 Eyes turn left

yaw_l_eyeball(F 23 )+ yaw_r_eyeball(F 24 )

AU62 Eyes turn right

yaw_l_eyeball(F 23 )+yaw_r_eyeball(F 24 )

AU63 Eyes up pitch_l_eyeball(F 25 )+ pitch_r_eyeball(F 26 )

AU64 Eyes down

pitch_l_eyeball(F 25 )+pitch_r_eyeball(F 26 )

O)*D*5 4.1: <*2,-2#6$,-/ FAPs - AUs

4.2. 21(#&>".O* profiles-"&-P#&"#-(%5 &(3P/) FAPs .#* D3?! 8D4"*-1

K +9%0@%#8( .<" F#-05;" 958%,-9<" '9 F,-) .)" 54")-) .<" '/;" 5#0 .# AUs /+(%G9 )

#89.)%4# @0# .)" +9%0@%#8( .<" 958%,-9<" #/.;" 'B-< FAPs.3.&" O)*D* 4.2 #+&./+;"9.#0 .& +%;.& F('# +9%0@%#8(2 .<" F#-05;" 958%,-9<"

5#0 '9%05;" +#%#EE#@;" .&/2, '9 .) F&(190# .<" +#%#'B.%<" .&/ MPEG-4 (FAPs). C

O)*D*5 4.2 #+905&"4T90 .o -="&Eo .<" FAPs ( E9G0EA@0& ) +&/ >%)-0'&+&094.#0 @0# 5,19

F#-05( B58%#-) 5#0 A>0 5,+&0& -/@595%0'B"& «+%&84E», &+A.9 +01#"( #+905A"0-) $9 1#

&$)@&=-9 '9 F9F#0A.).# -.) -/@595%0'B") B58%#-). C &%0-'A2 «+%&84E» @0# 5,19

B58%#-), $)E#$( .& -="&E& .<" FAPs, -/"&$9/A'9"# #+A 5#.,EE)E& $0,-.)'# .0';", .<"

&+&4<" ) -/"$/#-'B") #+905A"0-) B>90 <2 #+&.BE9-'# .) -/@595%0'B") B58%#-), $4"9.#0

#"#E/.05, -.& W98,E#0& .)2 3="19-)2 658%,-9<" :%&-;+&/ ( Q5E1?+,# 5 ).



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

44 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

I#%,

open_jaw (F 3 ), lower_t_midlip (F 4 ), raise_b_midlip (F 5 ), stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 ),stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 ), raise_l_cornerlip (F 12 ), raise_r_cornerlip (F 13 ), close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ),close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ) , close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ), close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ), raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ),raise_r_m_eyebrow (F 34 ), lift_l_cheek (F 41 ), lift_r_cheek (F 42 ), stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F 53 ),

stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F 54 )

Y=+)

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ), close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ), close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ), close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ),raise_l_i_eyebrow (F 31 ), raise_r_i_eyebrow (F 32 ), raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ), raise_r_m_eyebrow(F 34 ), raise_l_o_eyebrow (F 35 ), raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 )

H/'A2

lower_t_midlip (F 4 ), raise_b_midlip (F 5 ), push_b_lip (F 16 ), depress_chin (F 18 ),close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ), close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ), close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ), close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ),raise_l_i_eyebrow (F 31 ), raise_r_i_eyebrow (F 32 ), raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ), raise_r_m_eyebrow(F 34 ), raise_l_o_eyebrow (F 35 ), raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 ), squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ),squeeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 )

gAF&2

open_jaw (F 3 ), lower_t_midlip (F 4 ), raise_b_midlip (F 5 ), lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ), lower_t_lip_rm

(F 9 ), raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ), raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ), close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ), close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ),close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ), close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ), raise_l_i_eyebrow (F 31 ), raise_r_i_eyebrow (F 32 ),raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ), raise_r_m_eyebrow (F 34 ), raise_l_o_eyebrow (F 35 ),raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 ), squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ), squeeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 )

+B>190#

open_jaw (F 3 ), lower_t_midlip (F 4 ), raise_b_midlip (F 5 ), lower_t_lip_lm (F 8 ), lower_t_lip_rm(F 9 ), raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ), raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ), close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ), close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ),close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ), close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ), raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ), raise_r_m_eyebrow(F 34 ), lower_t_lip_lm_o (F 55 ), lower_t_lip_rm_o (F 56 ), raise_b_lip_lm_o (F 57 ),raise_b_lip_rm_o (F 58 ), raise_l_cornerlip_o (F 59 ), raise_r_cornerlip_o (F 60 )

V5+E)G)

open_jaw (F 3 ), raise_b_midlip (F 5 ), stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 ), stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 ),raise_b_lip_lm (F 10 ), raise_b_lip_rm (F 11 ), close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ), close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ),

close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 ), close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 ), raise_l_i_eyebrow (F 31 ), raise_r_i_eyebrow (F 32 ),raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ), raise_r_m_eyebrow (F 34 ), raise_l_o_eyebrow (F 35 ),raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 ), squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ), squeeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 ),stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F 53 ), stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F 54 )

O)*D*5 4.2: Z5A,?%F,# FAPs F,+ 2/* 95",F"+E; 23* L+-,7:* 57E"1-53*

4.2.1. !"#&$0 <#(E) FAPs

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&+&4# #"#8B%9.#0 -.&" &%0-'A .)2 +9%0&>(2 .0';" .<" FAPs. :#%&E’ #/., &0 -/@595%0'B"92 +9%0&>B2 .0';" 94"#0 0$0#4.9%# 9/%9492 '9 #+&.BE9-'# "# ')" '+&%&=" "#

>%)-0'&+&0)1&=" -.)" +9%0&>( .)2 #",E/-)2. M9 -5&+A, E&0+A" .)" +#%#@<@( +0&

+9%0&%0-'B"<" +9%0&>;" .0';" #"#E=1)5#" $=& @"<-.B2 F,-902 $9$&'B"<", ) -.#.05( .&/

Ekman [32] 5#0 ) $/"#'05( .&/ Medialab [41]. O# $9$&'B"# 5#0 .<" $=& F,-9<"

#+905&"4T&/" #5%#492 +9%0+.;-902 958%,-9<", #EE, 94"#0 0$0#4.9%# >%(-0'# -.&" 5#1&%0-'A

&%4<" .<" #".4-.&0><" +9%0&>;" .0';" [42]. K $0#$05#-4# A'<2 &%0-'&= .0';" B>90 <2

+%&h+A19-) .)" «+&-&.05&+&4)-)» .<" FAPs 'B-< .)2 54")-)2 .<" -)'94<" .&/ +%&-;+&/

(facial points) 5#0 <2 #+&.BE9-'# .)" 9+#E(19/-) 5#0 -/'+E(%<-) .&/ E9G0E&@4&/ .<"

958%,-9<" 5#1;2 5#0 .&" &%0-'A «+%&84E» @0# 5,19 F#-05( B58%#-).



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<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 45

O# +%&84E, A+<2 #/., $)'0&/%@(1)5#" #+A .# $9$&'B"# .)2 #",E/-)2,

9+#E)19=.)5#" '9 $0#$05#-4# -="19-)2 5#0 >%)-0'&+&0(1)5#" -9 98#%'&@B2 #",E/-)2

#EE, 5#0 -="19-)2, +#%#.419".#0 -.& W98,E#0& .)2 -="19-)2 ( Q5E1?+,# 5 ).

4.3. J"#-(%5 *;&-<3-!/)

4.3.1. 9)*;*"3-<*-1 </) FAPs (8-/ DO)1-15 FPs (feature points)

:#%, .& @9@&"A2 A.0 .# FAPs +%&-8B%&".#0 @0# ->9$0#-'A 54")-)2, 94"#0 #5#.,EE)E# @0#

.)" #",E/-) 958%,-9<" +%&-;+&/ #+A F4".9& ( '9'&"<'B"92 905A"92 5/%4<2 EA@< .)2

#+&/-4#2 -#8&=2 +&-&.05&= &%0-'&= .<" +9%0--&.B%<" FAPs, o+A.9 ) 'B.%)-) .&/2

+%&h+&1B.90 .)" +9%0@%#8( .&/2 'B-< 9".&+4-0'<" -)'94<" .)2 +9%0&>(2 .&/ +%&-;+&/.

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+9%0E#'F,"90 .02 &"&'#-492 .<" FAPs, A+<2 #/.B2 B>&/" &%0-.94 -.# +E#4-0# .&/ +%&.=+&/

MPEG-4, -.) $9=.9%) -.(E) $4"&".#0 &0 #".4-.&0>92 #+&-.,-902 s(x,y), A+&/ .# x 5#0 y

94"#0 -)'94# .&/ +%&-;+&/ ( C,7%*+ 3.2 ). 3.)" .%4.) -.(E) &%4T9.#0 ) 5#"&"05&+&4)-) @0#

5,19 #+A-.#-), A+&/ D i-NEUTRAL 94"#0 ) #+A-.#-) D i A.#" .& +%A-<+& B>90 «&/$B.9%)»

B58%#-), 5#0 -.)" .B.#%.) #"#8B%&".#0 &0 '&",$92 'B.%)-)2.

+A .&" +4"#5# 8#4"9.#0 A.0 ) #".0-.&0>4# FAPs – #+&-.,-9<" $9" 94"#0 +,".# B"#

+%&2 B"# ( +.>. features f 12 -f 15 ), 9"; .#/.A>%&"# $9" +9%0E#'F,"9.#0 .& -="&E& .<" FAPs.

])&(* FAP J"#-(%5 *;%-<*-15 J"#-(%5 $*"*D<1"#-<#DE) 6&)3P!5 (8<"1-15

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ) D 1=s(4.5,3.11) f 1= D 1-NEUTRAL –D 1 ES

squeeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 ) D 2 =s(4.6,3.8) f 2= D 2-NEUTRAL –D 2 ES

lower_t_midlip (F 4 ) D 3=s(9.3,8.1) f 3= D 3 -D 3-NEUTRAL MNS

raise_b_midlip (F 5 ) D 4=s(9.3,8.2) f 4= D 4-NEUTRAL –D 4 MNS

raise_l_I_eyebrow (F 31 ) D 5 =s(4.1,3.11) f 5= D 5 –D 5-NEUTRAL ENS

raise_r_I_eyebrow (F 32 ) D 6 =s(4.2,3.8) f 6= D 6 –D 6-NEUTRAL ENSraise_l_o_eyebrow (F 35 ) D 7 =s(4.5,3.7) f 7= D 7 –D 7-NEUTRAL ENS

raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 ) D 8 =s(4.6,3.12) f 8= D 8 –D 8-NEUTRAL ENS

raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 ) D 9 =s(4.3,3.7) f 9= D 9 –D 9-NEUTRAL ENS

raise_r_m_eyebrow (F 34 ) D 10=s(4.4,3.12) f 10= D 10 –D 10-NEUTRAL ENS

open_jaw (F 3 ) D 11=s(8.1,8.2) f 11= D 11 –D 11-NEUTRAL MNS

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ) –close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 )

D 12 =s(3.1,3.3) f 12= D 12 –D 12-NEUTRAL IRISD

close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ) –close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 )

D 13=s(3.2,3.4) f 13= D 13 –D 13-NEUTRAL IRISD



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

46 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 )(stretch_l_cornerlip_o)(F 53 ) –stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 )(stretch_r_cornerlip_o) (F 54 )

D 14=s(8.4,8.3) f 14= D 14 –D 14-NEUTRAL MW

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ) ANDsqueeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 )

D 15 =s(4.6,4.5) f 15= D 15-NEUTRAL - D 15

ES

O)*D*5 4.3: 8#-#2,7#9#6/-/ 23* FAPs

4.3.2. 9;&-<3-!#5 D*# *LL1L!;OP"*-1 (!<*AI <&>5

C O)*D*5 4.3 .)2 +)%<1<*5 4.3.1 +#%B>90 '4# +%;.) #".0-.&4>0-) FAPs 5#0

#+&-.,-9<". :#%AE& +&/ ) #".0-.&4>0-) #/.( ($) +#%B>90 B"#" 05#"&+&0).05A .%A+&

/+&E&@0-'&= .<" FAPs '9 .) F&(190# 5,+&0<" >#%#5.)%0-.05;" -)'94<" .&/ +%&-;+&/,1# (.#" +0& +#%#-.#.05( #" E,'F#"9 /+AS0" .02 ,EE92 '9.#F&EB2 +&/ E#'F,"&/" >;%#

#5&=-0# -.& +%A-<+& #5&E&/1;".#2 .)" 54")-) .<" '/;". 3.)" 5#.9=1/"-) #/.( @4"9.#0

'4# +%&-+,190# -/"$/#-'&= .<" $0#8A%<" #+&-.,-9<" '9 $0#8&%9.05, FBF#0# F,%) )

5,19 '4#, @0# .&" /+&E&@0-'A 5,19 FAP. U0# 5,19 FAP &%4T9.#0 '4# #+A-.#-) ) &+&4#

94"#0 ) F#-05( 5#0 5,+&092 ,EE92, '9 $05A .)2 F,%&2 ) 5,19 '4#, +&/ +#4%"&/", 5#.,

'9@#E=.9%& ( '05%A.9%& F#1'A, 'B%&2 -.)" 54")-) +&/ +9%0@%,89.#0 #+A .& 9G9.#TA'9"&

FAP ( 86*+7+' 4.4 ).

FAP "/<!I&>-* 9;%-<*-1

^LL!5 9;&-<3-!#5

R*<*-<3-!#5 =$%L#*

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 )D1 D5, D7, D9,

D15low, medium,high

squeeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 )D2 D6, D8, D10,

D15low, medium,high

lower_t_midlip (F 4 )

D3 D11 low, medium .& ,"< >94E&2 $9" B>90 +&EE, +9%01;%0# 54")-)2,

&+A.9 ) 5#.,-.#-) ‘high’#@"&(1)59

raise_b_midlip (F 5 )

D4 D11 very low, low,high

'4# 5#.,-.#-) medium 94"#0 +#%A'&0# '9 .) neutral

raise_l_i_eyebrow (F 31 )D5 D1, D7, D9,

D15low, medium,high

raise_r_i_eyebrow (F 32 ) D6 D2, D8, D10, low, medium,



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 47

D15 high

raise_l_o_eyebrow (F 35 )D7 D1, D5, D9,

D15low, medium,high

raise_r_o_eyebrow (F 36 )

D8 D2, D6, D10,

D15

low, medium,

high

raise_l_m_eyebrow (F 33 )D9 D1, D5, D7,

D15low, medium,high

raise_r_m_eyebrow (F 34 )D10 D2, D6, D8,

D15low, medium,high

open_jaw (F 3 )D11 D4 low, medium,

high

close_t_l_eyelid (F 19 ) –close_b_l_eyelid (F 21 )

D12 - low, high ) 5#.,-.#-) medium 9"A2 5E90-.&= '#.0&= $9" '+&%94 "# #"0>"9/194

close_t_r_eyelid (F 20 ) –close_b_r_eyelid (F 22 )

D13 - low, high ) 5#.,-.#-) medium 9"A2 5E90-.&= '#.0&= $9" '+&%94 "# #"0>"9/194

stretch_l_cornerlip (F 6 )(stretch_l_cornerlip_o)(F 53 )

–stretch_r_cornerlip (F 7 )(stretch_r_cornerlip_o)(F 54 )

D14 D3, D4, D11,D16, D17

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F 37 ) ANDsqueeze_r_eyebrow (F 38 )wrinkles_between_eyebrows

D15 D1, D2, D5, D6,D7, D8, D10

low, medium,high

raise_left_outer_cornerlipD16 D14 low, medium,

high

raise_right_outer_cornerlipD17 D14 low, medium,

highO)*D*5 4.4: FAPs 7+, +9#-21-5,' , 9"325B#)-5' 7+, 0/

4.4. +;*L0?!>-1 </) !D4"3-!/)

+A .)" #",E/-) .<" 905A"<" .<" F,-9<" .&/ Ekman 5#0 .&/ Medialab, '9 .) F&(190# .<"

#+&-.,-9<" +&/ &%4-.)5#" +%&)@&/'B"<2, +%&B5/S#" -.#.0-.05, $9$&'B"# +&/

+9%0B>&".#0 -.&" O)*D* 4.5. K 'B-) .0'( #+&.9E94 .)" ./+05( .0'( +&/ '+&%94 "#

>%)-0'&+&0)194 -.)" #+905A"0-) '0#2 -/@595%0'B")2 B58%#-)2, 9"; ) ./+05( #+A5E0-)

>%)-0'&+&094.#0 @0# +01#"B2 +#%#EE#@B2 .)2.



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

48 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

])&(* FAP R*<3-<*-1 \>(%5 XI;1 M*"3 9;8$?!#* _%Q&5 @D;L1A1

MB-) .0'( * * - - 291 885

open_jaw (F3 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * - - 189 316

MB-) .0'( 73 * -271 -234 - * lower_t_midlip (F4 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 51 * 110 109 - *

MB-) .0'( * * - -177 218 543

raise_b_midlip (F5 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * - 108 135 203

MB-) .0'( * * 234 * * -82stretch_l_cornerlip (F6 ),

stretch_l_cornerlip_o

(F53 ), stretch_r_cornerlip

(F7 , stretch_r_cornerlip_o

(F54 )

O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * 98 * * 39

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

lower_t_lip_lm (F8 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

lower_t_lip_rm (F9 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

raise_b_lip_lm (F10 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

raise_b_lip_rm (F11 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *MB-) .0'( - -153 -254 -203 244 254

close_t_l_eyelid (F19 ),

close_b_l_eyelid (F21 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) - 112 133 148 126 83

MB-) .0'( - -161 -242 -211 249 252close_t_r_eyelid (F20 ),

close_b_r_eyelid (F22 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 109 122 145 128 81

MB-) .0'( -83 85 * * 104 224

raise_l_i_eyebrow (F31 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 48 55 * * 69 103

MB-) .0'( -85 80 * * 111 211

raise_r_i_eyebrow (F32 ) O/+05( #+A5E0-) 51 54 * * 72 97

MB-) .0'( -149 - 24 -80 72 144

raise_l_m_eyebrow (F33 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 40 - 22 53 58 64

MB-) .0'( -144 - 25 -82 75 142

raise_r_m_eyebrow (F34 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 39 - 22 54 60 62

MB-) .0'( -66 - * * - 54

raise_l_o_eyebrow (F35 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 35 - * * - 31

raise_r_o_eyebrow (F36 ) MB-) .0'( -70 - * * - 55



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 49

O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 38 * * - 31

MB-) .0'( 57 * * * - -

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F37 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 28 * * * - -

MB-) .0'( 58 * * * - -

squeeze_r_eyebrow (F38 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) 31 * * * - -

MB-) .0'( * * - * * *

lift_l_cheek (F41 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * - * * *

MB-) .0'( * * - * * *

lift_r_cheek (F42 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * - * * *

MB-) .0'( * * - * * -

stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F53 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * - * * -

MB-) .0'( * * * * * -stretch_r_cornerlip_o

(F54 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

lower_t_lip_lm_o (F55 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

lower_t_lip_rm_o (F56 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

raise_b_lip_lm_o (F57 ) O/+05( #+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

raise_b_lip_rm_o (F58 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

raise_l_cornerlip_o (F59 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

MB-) .0'( * * * - * *

raise_r_cornerlip_o (F60 ) O/+05(

#+A5E0-) * * * - * *

O)*D*5 4.5: (2+2,-2,71 @5@#0>*+ F,+ 2,0>' ?5A,?#F6#) FAPs F,+ 2,' L+-,7>' 57E"1-5,'

C0 '&",$92 'B.%)-)2 +&/ >%)-0'&+&0&=".#0 94"#0 &0 &%0-'B"92 #+A .& +%A./+& A+<2

#/.B2 +#%&/-0,-.)5#" -.)" +)%<1<* 3.2 [29]. O& -='F&E& (*) /+&$)E;"90 #+&/-4# .&/

#".4-.&0>&/ FAP -.& «E9G0EA@0&» .)2 -/@595%0'B")2 B58%#-)2, 9"; .& -='F&E& (-)

/+&$)E;"90 A.0 +#%AE& +&/ .& #".4-.&0>& FAP +9%0E#'F,"9.#0 -.& «E9G0EA@0&», ) .0'( .&/

$9" B>90 9+#E)19/194 'B-< .)2 -.#.0-.05(2 #",E/-)2. C 9".&+0-'A2 .<" -)'94<" .&/

+%&-;+&/ +&/ -/''9.B>&/" -.)" «+&-&.05&+&4)-)» .<" FAPs F#-4-.)59 -.)" 9%@#-4#

[46], '9 >90%<"#5.05( /+&F&(1)-) A+&/ 5%0"A.#" #+#%#4.).&.



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

50 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

4.5. =I-<1(* 9)3L>-15 +D4"3-!/) "&-E;&>

4.5.1. +;8D<*-1 «;"&4OL » .#* <1 P1(#&>".O* D*)%)/) .#* !O-&P& -!

)!>"/)#D% -I-<1(*

3.& +E#4-0& .&/ -/-.('#.&2 ",E/-)2 658%,-9<" :%&-;+&/, .# +%&84E +&/

$)'0&/%@(1)5#" @0# .) -="19-) ( Q5E1?+,# 5 ), '9.#.%,+)5#" -9 5#"A"92 '9 '&%8(

5#.,EE)E) @0# 94-&$& -9 "9/%<"05A. 3.&" O)*D* 4.6 5#.#@%,89.#0 .& -="&E& .<"

5#"A"<" #/.;" -.) '&%8( +&/ >%)-0'&+&0(1)59 -.& "9/%<"05A .&/ -/-.('#.&2 ",E/-)2.

C0 5#"A"92 +9%0B>&/" .# FAPs -.) '&%8( FI_J, A+&/ & $945.)2 ] 94"#0 & #=G<" #%01'A2

.&/ 5,19 FAP -='8<"# '9 .&" &%0-'A .&/ MPEG-4 5#0 & $945.)2 J $4"90 +E)%&8&%4#

->9.05, '9 .& $0,-.)'# .0';" .&/ #".4-.&0>&/ FAP -.& -/@595%0'B"& 5#"A"# 5#0 +#4%"90

.0'B2 High, Medium, Low 5#0 -+#"0A.9%# V ery Low. O& #+&.BE9-'# -9 5,19 5#"A"#, .& &+&4& ,EE<-.9 #+&.9E94 5#0 .)" BG&$& .&/ "9/%<"05&=, 94"#0 .& .9.#%.)'A%0& .&/ O%&>&=

3/"#0-1)',.<" .)2 Whissel, -.& &+&4& #"(590 5,19 8&%, ) +%&2 9GB.#-) B58%#-).

Rule FAP Quadrant1 F3_H+F4_L+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_H+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_

H(+,+)

2 F3_M+F4_L+F5_L+[F53+F54]_H+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H (+,+)3 F3_M+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_H+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H (+,+)4 F3_H+F4_L+F5_L+[F53+F54]_H+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H (+,+)

5 F3_L+F4_M+F5_H+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+F37_M+F38_M+F59_H+F60

_H

(+,+)

6 F3_H+F4_L+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_ H

(+,+)

7 F3_L+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_H+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+[F37+F38]_M+F59_H+F60_H

(+,+)

8 F3_H+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_ H+F32_H+F33_H+F34_H+F35_H+F36_H+F37_L+F38_L+[F37+F38]_L

(+,+)

9 F3_H+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_

H+F32_H+F33_H+F34_H+F35_H+F36_H+F37_L+F38_L

(+,+)

10 F3_M+F5_L+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_H+F32_H+F33_H+F34_H+F35_H+F36_H

(+,+)

11 F3_H+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_ H+F32_H+F33_H+F34_H+F35_M+F36_M

(+,+)

12 F3_H+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_ M+F32_M+F33_H+F34_H+F35_M+F36_M

(+,+)

13 F3_L+F4_M+F5_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F37_H+F38 _H+[F37+F38]_H+F59_M+F60_M

(-,+)

14 F3_L+F4_M+F5_L+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F37_M+F38 _M+[F37+F38]_H

(-,+)

15 F3_L+F4_M+F5_H+F31_M+F32_M+F33_L+F34_L+F37_H+F3 (-,+)



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 51

8_H+[F37+F38]_H16 F3_L+F4_M+F5_L+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F37_H+F38

_H+[F37+F38]_H+F59_M+F60_M(-,+)

17 F3_H+F4_L+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+F31_M+F32_M+F33_L+F3

4_L+F35_L+F36_L+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_H+F59_L+F60 _L

(-,+)

18 F3_H+F4_M+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34 _L+F35_L+F36_L+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_H

(-,+)

19 F3_H+F4_M+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34 _L+[F37+F38]_H+F59_L+F60_L

(-,+)

20 F3_H+F4_L+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_H+F59_M+F60_M

(-,+)

21 F3_M+F4_L+F5_L+[F53+F54]_L+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_H+F59_M+F60_M

(-,+)

22 F3_L+F4_M+F5_H+F31_M+F32_M+F33_L+F34_L+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_M

(-,+)

23 F3_L+[F53+F54]_M+F5_H+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M

(-,+)

24 F3_M+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F31_H+F32_H+F37_M+F38 _M

(-,+)

25 F3_M+F4_M+F5_H+[F19+F21]_L+[F20+F22]_L+F33_M+F34_ M+F35_H+F36_H

(-,+)

26 F3_M+F5_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_H+F32_H+F33 _M+F34_M+F35_M+F36_M+[F37+F38]_H

(-,-)

27 F3_M+F4_L+F5_L+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+

F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+[F37+F38]_M

(-,-)

28 F3_M+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F35_L+F36_L+F37_M+F38_M+[F37+F38]_L

(-,-)

29 F3_L+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+[F37+F38]_M

(-,-)

30 F3_L+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+[F37+F38]_H

(-,-)

31 F3_L+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+ [F37+F38]_M

(-,-)

32 F3_L+F4_M+F5_H+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H

+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+ [F37+F38]_H+F59_H

(-,-)

33 F3_M+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+F35_M+F36_M+[F37+F38]_H+F60_H

(-,-)

34 F3_L+F4_L+[F53+F54]_L+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+F35_M+F36_M+F37_M+F38_M+ [F37+F38]_M

(-,-)

35 F3_H+F4_L+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F35_L+F36_L+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_H+F59_H

(-,-)

36 F3_L+F4_M+F5_H+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+ [F37+F38]_H+F60_H

(-,-)

37 F3_M+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H (-,-)



Q5E1?+,# 4. C7E"1-5,' 8"#-:9#) – M",-0%' 7+, <*1?)-/

52 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+F35_M+F36_M+[F37+F38]_H+F59_H

38 F3_L+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_M+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+ [F37+F38]_H+F59_H+F60_H

(-,-)

39 F3_L+F4_L+F5_H+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+ [F37+F38]_H+F59_H+F60_H

(-,-)

40 F3_H+F4_L+F5_VL+[F53+F54]_L+[F19+F21]_H+[F20+F22]_H+F31_L+F32_L+F33_L+F34_L+F35_L+F36_L+F37_H+F38_H+[F37+F38]_H+F60_H

(-,-)

41 F3_L+F4_M+F31_M+F32_M+F33_M+F34_M+F35_M+F36_M+F37_M+F38_M+[F37+F38]_M+ F59_M+F60_M

Neutral

O)*D*5 4.6: Q+*%*5' L+-,V%05*#, -2+ « 9"#E6? » -)*+,-./0123* F,+ 56-#@# -5 *5)"3*,7% -B-2/0+

6+4-)2 +%B+90 "# -)'90<194 A.0 -.& +E#4-0& .)2 $0#'A%8<-)2 5#"A"<" @0# .& -=-.)'#

#",E/-)2 958%,-9<", $)'0&/%@(1)59 ) #",@5), ) &+&4# 5#0 05#"&+&0(1)59, &%0-'&= 5#"A"<", &0 &+&4&0 $9 1# E,'F#"#" /+AS0" .& -.A'#, @0# .02 +9%0+.;-902 5#., .02 &+&492 &

+%&2 9GB.#-) ,"1%<+&2 '0E,90 5#0 ) 54")-) .&/ -.A'#.&2 $9" +#4T90 %AE& -.)" B58%#-)

.&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2.

4.5.2. Interface =>-<0(*<&5 9)3L>-15 +D4"3-!/) "&-E;&>

O& -=-.)'# ",E/-)2 658%,-9<" :%&-;+&/ [54] $)'0&/%@(1)59 '9 .) F&(190# .)2

Matlab 5#0 >%)-0'&+&4)-9 <2 94-&$& .&/2 5#"A"92 .&/ O)*D* 4.6 5#0 .02 #+&-.,-902,

A+<2 #/.B2 &%4-.)5#" -.&" O)*D* 4.3. K #%>05( '&%8( .<" 5#"A"<" B$0"9 <2 #+&.BE9-'# -/"#4-1)'#, A'<2 -9 9+A'9") B5$&-) #/.;" 5#0 '9., #+A +#%#4"9-) 90$05;",

&0 5#"A"92 #/.&4 +%&-#%'A-.)5#", ;-.9 "# B>&/" <2 #+&.BE9-'# 5,+&0& #+A .#

.9.#%.)'A%0# ( ( .)" #%>( .<" #GA"<" @0# neutral) .&/ O%&>&= 3/"#0-1)',.<" .)2

Whissel. V"# -.0@'0A./+& .&/ -/-.('#.&2 8#4"9.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 4.1.

+#D%)* 4.1: (2,F0,%2)9# ()-2;0+2#' <*1?)-/' C7E"1-53*



53

R!43L*#& 5

5.=I)?!-1 +D4"3-!/) "&-E;&>

5.1. 21(#&>".O* «;"&4OL » Q*-#DE) !D4"3-!/)

c+<2 $0#./+;1)59 ($) -.& 598,E#0& .)2 ",E/-)2, <2 «+%&84E» B>&/'9 &%4-90 B"# -="&E&

#+A FAPs, /+&-="&E& .&/ «E9G0E&@4&/» .)2 -/@595%0'B")2 B58%#-)2 ( 86*+7+' 4.2 ),

-/"&$9/A'9"& #+A .02 #".4-.&0>92 +9%0&>B2 .0';", .& &+&4&, #+905&"0TA'9"&, &$)@94 -.)"

#".4-.&0>) B58%#-). 3.) $)'0&/%@4# .<" «+%&84E» #5&E&/1&='9 $0#$05#-4# .%0;"

F)',.<":

1. &%0-'A2 -/"AE&/ FAPs +&/ -/''9.B>&/" -.) $0#'A%8<-) '4#2 F#-05(2 B58%#-)2,

'9.#->)'#.4T&".#2 -9 FAPs .)", +%&.90"A'9") #+A S/>&E&@05B2 '9EB.92, '&%8&+&4)-)

.&/ +%&-;+&/.

2. >%(-) .<" #".4-.&0><" +9%0&>;" .0';" .&/ O)*D* 4.5.

3. #+905A"0-) .<" «+%&84E» '9 -5&+A .)" 9+#E(19/-) .)2 5#.#EE)EA.).#2 .<"

#+905&"4-9<" +&/ +%&5=+.&/".

K +9%0&>( .0';" @0# .# FAPs /+&E&@4-.)59 <2 9G(2:

V-.< m i,j 5#0 / i,j ) 'B-) .0'( 5#0 ) ./+05( #+A5E0-) #".4-.&0># .&/ FAP F J @0# .)

F#-05( B58%#-) i ( A+&/ i = {1ÞH/'A2, 2Þ Y=+), 3ÞI#%,, 4Þ +B>190#, 5ÞgAF&2,

6Þ V5+E)G)}), A+<2 #/.B2 /+&E&@4-.)5#" -.&" O)*D* 4.5. O& $0,-.)'# .0';" C i,j .&/

FAP F j @0# .) F#-05( B58%#-) i &%4T9.#0 <2 9G(2:

X i,j =[ m i,j - - i,j , m i,j + - i,j ] (1)@0# .# FAPs .<" $=& 5#.9/1="-9<" 5#0

X i,j =[ max (0, m i,j - - i,j ), m i,j +- i,j ] ( J i,j =[ m i,j - - i,j , min (0, m i,j +- i,j )] (2)

@0# .)2 '4#2 5#.9=1/"-)2 [29].

C O)*D*5 5.1 +9%0B>90 5,+&092 95$&>B2 «+%&84E» F#-05;" 958%,-9<", .# &+&4#

$)'0&/%@(1)5#" '9 .) 'B1&$& +&/ +9%0@%,8)59.

"&4OL +D4"3-!/)

FAPs D*# 2#*-<0(*<* F#(E)

\>(%5 F4Î[22, 124], F31Î[-131, -25], F32Î[-136,-34], F33Î[-189,-109], F34Î[-183,-105],



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

54 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

( )0(Q P )

F35Î[-101,-31], F36Î[-108,-32], F37Î[29,85], F38Î[27,89]

)1(Q P

F19Î[-330,-200], F20Î[-335,-205], F21Î[200,330], F22Î[205,335], F31Î[-200,-80],F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[-190,-70], F34=Î[-190,-70]

)2(Q P

F19 [-330,-200], F20Î[-335,-205], F21Î[200,330], F22Î[205,335], F31Î[-200,-80],F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[70,190], F34Î[70,190]

)3(Q P

F16Î[45,155], F18Î[45,155], F19Î[-330,-200], F20Î[-330,-200], F31Î[-200,-80],F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[-190,-70], F34Î[-190,-70], F37Î[65,135], F38Î[65,135]

)4(Q P

F16Î[-355,-245], F18Î[145,255], F19Î[-330,-200], F20Î[-330,-200], F31Î[-200,-80],F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[-190,-70], F34Î[-190,-70], F37Î[65,135], F38Î[65,135]

XI;1

( )0(L P )

F19Î[-265,-41], F20Î[-270,-52], F21Î[-265,-41], F22Î[-270,-52], F31Î[30,140],F32Î[26,134]

M*"3

( )0(C P )

F4Î[-381,-161], F6Î[136,332], F7Î[136,332], F19Î[-387,-121], F20Î[-364,-120],F21Î[-387,-121], F22Î[-364,-120], F33Î[2,46], F34Î[3,47], F53Î[136,332],F54Î[136,332]

)1(C P

F6Î[160,240], F7Î[160,240], F12Î[260,340], F13Î[260,340], F19Î[-449,-325],F20Î[-426,-302], F21Î[325,449], F22Î[302,426], F33Î[70,130], F34Î[70,130],F41Î[130,170], F42Î[130,170], F53Î[160,240], F54Î[160,240]

)2(C P

F6Î[160,240], F7Î[160,240], F12Î[260,340], F13Î[260,340], F19Î[-449,-325],F20Î[-426,-302], F21Î[-312,-188], F22Î[-289,-165], F33Î[70,130], F34Î[70,130],F41Î[130,170], F42Î[130,170], F53Î[160,240], F54Î[160,240]

)3(C P

F6Î[160,240], F7Î[160,240], F12Î[260,340], F13Î[260,340], F19Î[-449,-325],F20Î[-426,-302], F21Î[61,185], F22Î[38,162], F33Î[70,130], F34Î[70,130],

F41Î[130,170], F42

Î[130,170], F53Î[160,240], F54

Î[160,240] 9;8$?!#*

( )0(A P )

F4Î[-343,-125], F5Î[-285,-69], F19Î[-351,-55], F20Î[-356,-66], F21Î[-351,-55],F22Î[-356,-66], F33Î[-123,-27], F34Î[-126,-28]

_%Q&5

( )0(F P )

F3Î[102,480], F5Î[83,353], F19Î[118,370], F20Î[121,377], F21Î[118,370],F22Î[121,377], F31Î[35,173], F32Î[39,183], F33Î[14,130], F34Î[15,135]

)1(F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[333,373], F19Î[-400,-340], F20Î[-407,-347], F21Î[-400,-340],F22Î[-407,-347]

)2(

F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[307,399], F19Î[-530,-470], F20Î[-523,-463], F21Î[-530,-470],F22Î[-523,-463], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[460,540], F34Î[460,540],F35Î[460,540], F36Î[460,540]

)3(F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F37Î[60,140], F38Î[60,140]

)4(F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[360,440], F34Î[360,440],F35Î[260,340], F36Î[260,340], F37Î[60,140], F38Î[60,140]

)5(F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[360,440], F34Î[360,440],F35Î[260,340], F36Î[260,340], F37Î0, F38Î0

)6(

F P F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F8Î[-120,-80], F9Î[-120,-80], F10Î[-120,-80], F11Î[-120,-80], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570], F22Î[-630,-570],



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 55

F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[360,440], F34Î[360,440], F35Î[260,340],F36Î[260,340], F37Î0, F38Î0

)7(

F

P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[360,440], F32Î[360,440], F33Î[260,340], F34Î[260,340],F35Î[160,240], F36Î[160,240]

)8(F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[260,340], F32Î[260,340], F33Î[160,240], F34Î[160,240],F35Î[60,140], F36Î[60,140]

)9(F P

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[307,399], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-623,-563], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-623,-563], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[460,540], F34Î[460,540],F35Î[460,540], F36Î[460,540]

@D;L1A1

( )0(E P )

F3Î[569,1201], F5Î[340,746], F6Î[-121,-43], F7Î[-121,-43], F19Î[170,337],F20Î[171,333], F21Î[170,337], F22Î[171,333], F31Î[121,327], F32Î[114,308],F33Î[80,208], F34Î[80,204], F35Î[23,85], F36Î[23,85], F53Î[-121,-43], F54Î[-121,-

43]

)1(E P

F3Î[1150,1252], F5Î[-792,-700], F6Î[-141,-101], F7Î[-141,-101], F10Î[-530,-470],F11Î[-530,-470], F19Î[-350,-324], F20Î[-346,-320], F21Î[-350,-324], F22Î[-346,-320], F31Î[314,340], F32Î[295,321], F33Î[195,221], F34Î[191,217], F35Î[72,98],F36Î[73,99], F53Î[-141,-101], F54Î[-141,-101]

)2(E P

F3Î[834,936], F5Î[-589,-497], F6Î[-102,-62], F7Î[-102,-62], F10Î[-380,-320],F11Î[-380,-320], F19Î[-267,-241], F20Î[-265,-239], F21Î[-267,-241], F22Î[-265,-239], F31Î[211,237], F32Î[198,224], F33Î[131,157], F34Î[129,155], F35Î[41,67],F36Î[42,68]

)3(

E P

F3Î[523,615], F5Î[-386,-294], F6Î[-63,-23], F7Î[-63,-23], F10Î[-230,-170], F11Î[-230,-170], F19Î[-158,-184], F20Î[-158,-184], F21Î[-158,-184], F22Î[-158,-184],F31Î[108,134], F32Î[101,127], F33Î[67,93], F34Î [67,93], F35Î[10,36], F36Î[11,37]

O)*D*5 5.1: « 8"#E6? » L+-,7:* 57E"1-53*

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#+&5<$05&+&0).(2 GretaPlayer [90], & &+&4&2 +9%0@%,89.#0 -.)" +)%<1<* 7.1, #8&=

#+&.9E94, 95.A2 #+A MPEG-4 #+&5<$05&+&0).(, 5#0 :%,5.&%# '9 -;'# 5#0 $/"#.A.).#

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U0# .)" 9+#E(19/-) .<" #+&.9E9-',.<", -9 &%0-'B"92 +9%0+.;-902 >%)-0'&+&0(1)59

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56 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

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+9%0--A.9%92 8&%B2 +%A590.#0 @0# 9/$0,5%0.) #".0-.&4>0-).

K +#D%)* 5.1 $94>"90 '9%05, +#%#$94@'#.# #+905A"0-)2 F#-05;" 958%,-9<" +&/

$)'0&/%@(1)5#" '9 .& '&".BE& .&/ 6/%<+#d5&= :%&@%,''#.&2 ACTS MoMuSys [49]. K

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5#0 (.) #+905&"4T&/" $0#8&%9.05, «+%&84E» .)2 4$0#2 B58%#-)2. C0 $0#8&%B2 '9.#G= .&/2

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<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 57

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58 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

5.1.2. "&4OL !D4"3-!/) .#* <* <!<*"<1(%"#* <&> F"&$&I =>)*#-?1(3</) <15 Whissel

O# +%&84E +&/ $)'0&/%@(1)5#" -='8<"# '9 .) $0#$05#-4# +&/ +9%0@%,89.#0 -.)"

+%&)@&='9") 9"A.).#, B>&/" <2 #+&.BE9-'# '4# #+A .02 BG0 F#-05B2 958%,-902. c'<2,

=-.9%# #+A +#%B'F#-) S/>&EA@<", #5&E&/1(1)59 ) 4$0# $0#$05#-4#, #EE, @0# +%&84E +&/

B>&/" <2 #+&.BE9-'# .# .9.#%.)'A%0# .&/ O%&>&= 3/"#0-1)',.<" .)2 Whissel. :EB&" &0

$0,8&%&0 -/"$/#-'&4 .<" FAPs '9 .# #".4-.&0># $0#-.('#.# .0';" $9" &$)@&=" -9

-/'+B%#-'# ->9.05, '9 .)" B58%#-) +&/ #"#E=9.#0-( #".4-.&0># +&/ -/".419.#0, #EE,

$4"&/" -.&0>94# @0# .)" 9"9%@&+&4)-) (activation) 5#0 #+&.4')-) (evaluation) .&/

-/"#0-1('#.&2 .&/ >%(-.), 9"; #+#E9481)5#" .# +%&84E +&/ &$)@&=-#" -9 #".05%&/A'9"#

#+&.9EB-'#.#. O# +%&84E, A+<2 #/., $0#'&%8;1)5#" ;-.9 "# $4"&/" .9.#%.)'A%0&,

5#.#@%,8&".#0 -.&" O)*D* 5.2:

F!<*"<1(%"#& FAPs D*# 2#*-<0(*<* F#(E)

(+, +)F4Î[-381,-161], F6Î[136,332], F7Î[136,332], F19Î[-387,-121], F20Î[-364,-120],F21Î[-387,-121], F22Î[-364,-120], F33Î[2,46], F34Î[3,47], F53Î[136,332],F54Î[136,332]

(+, +)F6Î[160,240], F7Î[160,240], F12Î[260,340], F13Î[260,340], F19Î[-449,-325],F20Î[-426,-302], F21Î[325,449], F22Î[302,426], F33Î[70,130], F34Î[70,130],F41Î[130,170], F42Î[130,170], F53Î[160,240], F54Î[160,240]

(+, +)

F6Î[160,240], F7Î[160,240], F12Î[260,340], F13Î[260,340], F19Î[-449,-325],

F20Î[-426,-302], F21Î[-312,-188], F22Î[-289,-165], F33Î[70,130], F34Î[70,130],F41Î[130,170], F42Î[130,170], F53Î[160,240], F54Î[160,240]

(+, +)

F3Î[569,1201], F5Î[340,746], F6Î[-121,-43], F7Î[-121,-43], F19Î[170,337],F20Î[171,333], F21Î[170,337], F22Î[171,333], F31Î[121,327], F32Î[114,308],F33Î[80,208], F34Î[80,204], F35Î[23,85], F36Î[23,85], F53Î[-121,-43], F54Î[-121,-43]

(+, +)

F3Î[1150,1252], F5Î[-792,-700], F6Î[-141,-101], F7Î[-141,-101], F10Î[-530,-470], F11Î[-530,-470], F19Î[-350,-324], F20Î[-346,-320], F21Î[-350,-324], F22Î[-346,-320], F31Î[314,340], F32Î[295,321], F33Î[195,221], F34Î[191,217],F35Î[72,98], F36Î[73,99], F53Î[-141,-101], F54Î[-141,-101]

(+, +)F3Î[834,936], F5

Î[-589,-497], F6Î[-102,-62], F7

Î[-102,-62], F10Î[-380,-320],

F11Î[-380,-320], F19Î[-267,-241], F20Î[-265,-239], F21Î[-267,-241], F22Î[-265,-239], F31Î[211,237], F32Î[198,224], F33Î[131,157], F34Î[129,155], F35Î[41,67],F36Î[42,68]

(+, +)

F3Î[523,615], F5Î[-386,-294], F6Î[-63,-23], F7Î[-63,-23], F10Î[-230,-170],F11Î[-230,-170], F19Î[-158,-184], F20Î[-158,-184], F21Î[-158,-184], F22Î[-158,-184], F31Î[108,134], F32Î[101,127], F33Î[67,93], F34Î [67,93], F35Î[10,36],F36Î[11,37]

(-, +)F4Î[22, 124], F31Î[-131, -25], F32Î[-136,-34], F33Î[-189,-109], F34Î[-183,-105],F35Î[-101,-31], F36Î[-108,-32], F37Î[29,85], F38Î[27,89]

(-, +)F19Î[-330,-200], F20Î[-335,-205], F21Î[200,330], F22Î[205,335], F31Î[-200,-80],F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[-190,-70], F34=Î[-190,-70]



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 59

(-, +)F19 [-330,-200], F20Î[-335,-205], F21Î[200,330], F22Î[205,335], F31Î[-200,-80],F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[70,190], F34Î[70,190]

(-, +)F16Î[45,155], F18Î[45,155], F19Î[-330,-200], F20Î[-330,-200], F31Î[-200,-80],

F32Î

[-194,-74], F33Î

[-190,-70], F34Î

[-190,-70], F37Î

[65,135], F38Î

[65,135]

(-, +)F16Î[-355,-245], F18Î[145,255], F19Î[-330,-200], F20Î[-330,-200], F31Î[-200,-80], F32Î[-194,-74], F33Î[-190,-70], F34Î[-190,-70], F37Î[65,135], F38Î[65,135]

(-, +)F3Î[102,480], F5Î[83,353], F19Î[118,370], F20Î[121,377], F21Î[118,370],F22Î[121,377], F31Î[35,173], F32Î[39,183], F33Î[14,130], F34Î[15,135]

(-, +)F3Î[400,560], F5Î[307,399], F19Î[-530,-470], F20Î[-523,-463], F21Î[-530,-470],F22Î[-523,-463], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[460,540], F34Î[460,540],F35Î[460,540], F36Î[460,540]

(-, +)F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570], F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F37Î[60,140], F38Î[60,140]

(-, +)F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570], F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[360,440],F34Î[360,440], F35Î[260,340], F36Î[260,340], F37Î[60,140], F38Î[60,140]

(-, +)

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F8Î[-120,-80], F9Î[-120,-80], F10Î[-120,-80],F11Î[-120,-80], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570], F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[360,440], F34Î[360,440],F35Î[260,340], F36Î[260,340], F37Î0, F38Î0

(-, +)F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570], F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570], F22Î[-630,-570], F31Î[260,340], F32Î[260,340], F33Î[160,240],F34Î[160,240], F35Î[60,140], F36Î[60,140]

(-, +) F3Î[400,560], F5

Î[307,399], F19Î[-630,-570], F20

Î[-623,-563], F21Î[-630,-570],F22Î[-623,-563], F31Î[460,540], F32Î[460,540], F33Î[460,540], F34Î[460,540],

F35Î[460,540], F36Î[460,540]

(-, -)F19Î[-265,-41], F20Î[-270,-52], F21Î[-265,-41], F22Î[-270,-52], F31Î[30,140],F32Î[26,134]

(-, -)F4Î[-343,-125], F5Î[-285,-69], F19Î[-351,-55], F20Î[-356,-66], F21Î[-351,-55],F22Î[-356,-66], F33Î[-123,-27], F34Î[-126,-28]

O)*D*5 5.2: « 8"#E6? » 252+"2/0#"63*

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#=G)-), #".4-.&0>#, .<" .0';" .<" -/@595%0'B"<" FAPs. 3.)" +9%4+.<-) .<" «+%&84E» .<"



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A@$&& «+%&84E».&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2 +*;-)$#' . 3.02 +#D%)!5 5.4(*)-(.), 5.5(*)-(.) D*#

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#".0-.&4><2. C0 .0'B2 .<" FAPs +&/ >%)-0'&+&0(-#'9 94"#0 &0 9"$0,'9-92 .0'B2 .<" #".0-.&4><" $0#-.)',.<".

=>)*O-?1(* +)!".&;&O1-1 «"&4OL »

[#L,-0>*#' 4.9

F3Î[400,560], F5Î[-240,-160], F19Î[-630,-570],F20Î[-630,-570], F21Î[-630,-570], F22Î[-630,-570],F31Î[260,340], F32Î[260,340], F33Î[160,240],F34Î[160,240], F35Î[60,140], F36Î[60,140]

"#0#7"+2/0>*#' 6.3F3Î[520,730], F5Î[-310,-210], F19Î[-820,-740],F

20Î[-820,-740], F

21Î[-820,-740], F

22Î[-820,-740],

F31Î[340,440], F32Î[340,440], F33Î[210,310],



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 61

F34Î[210,310], F35Î[80,180], F36Î[80,180]

<*;-)$#' 3.9

F3Î[320,450], F5Î[-190,-130], F19Î[-500,-450],F20Î[-500,-450], F21Î[-500,-450], F22Î[-500,-450],

F31Î[210,270], F32

Î[210,270], F33Î[130,190],F34Î[130,190], F35Î[50,110], F36Î[50,110]

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!"#&$0 (*<#E)-4">P#E) close_t_l_eyelid (F19 ) close_b_l_eyelid (F21 )

close_b_l_eyelid (F21 ) close_t_l_eyelid (F19 )close_t_r_eyelid (F20 ) close_b_r_eyelid (F22 )

close_b_r_eyelid (F22 ) close_t_r_eyelid (F20 )

raise_l_i_eyebrow (F31 ) raise_l_m_eyebrow (F33 ) raise_l_o_eyebrow (F35 )

raise_r_i_eyebrow (F32 ) raise_r_m_eyebrow (F34 ) raise_r_o_eyebrow (F36 )

raise_l_m_eyebrow (F33 ) raise_l_i_eyebrow (F31 ) raise_l_o_eyebrow (F35 )

raise_r_m_eyebrow (F34 ) raise_r_i_eyebrow (F32 ) raise_r_o_eyebrow (F36 )

raise_l_o_eyebrow (F35 ) raise_l_m_eyebrow (F33 ) raise_l_i_eyebrow (F31 )

raise_r_o_eyebrow (F36 ) raise_r_m_eyebrow (F34 ) raise_r_i_eyebrow (F32 )

squeeze_l_eyebrow (F37 )raise_l_i_eyebrow (F32 ),raise_l_m_eyebrow (F34 )

raise_l_o_eyebrow (F36 )

squeeze_r_eyebrow (F38 )raise_r_i_eyebrow (F32 ),raise_r_m_eyebrow (F34 )

raise_r_o_eyebrow (F36 )

!"#&$0 -<%(*<&5

open_jaw (F3 )

raise_b_midlip (F5 )raise_b_lip_lm (F10 )raise_b_lip_rm (F11 )raise_b_lip_lm_o (F57 )raise_b_lip_rm_o (F58 )

lower_t_midlip (F4 )lower_t_lip_lm (F8 )lower_t_lip_rm (F9 )

raise_b_midlip (F5 )raise_b_lip_lm (F10 )raise_b_lip_rm (F11 )

stretch_l_cornerlip (F6 )stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F53 ) stretch_r_cornerlip (F7 )

stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F54 )lift_l_cheek (F41 )

stretch_r_cornerlip (F7 )stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F54 ) stretch_l_cornerlip (F6 )

stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F53 )lift_r_cheek (F42 )

lower_t_lip_lm (F8 ) lower_t_midlip (F4 ) lower_t_lip_rm (F9 )

lower_t_lip_rm (F9 ) lower_t_midlip (F4 ) lower_t_lip_lm (F8 )

raise_b_lip_lm (F10 ) raise_b_midlip (F5 ) raise_b_lip_rm (F11 )

raise_b_lip_rm (F11 ) raise_b_midlip (F5 ) raise_b_lip_lm (F10 )

lift_l_cheek (F41 ) stretch_l_cornerlip (F6 ) close_b_l_eyelid (F21 )

lift_r_cheek (F42 ) stretch_r_cornerlip (F7 ) close_b_r_eyelid (F22 ) stretch_l_cornerlip_o (F53 ) stretch_l_cornerlip (F6 ) lift_l_cheek (F41 )

stretch_r_cornerlip_o (F54 ) stretch_r_cornerlip (F7 ) lift_r_cheek (F42 )

lower_t_lip_lm_o (F55 ) lower_t_midlip (F4 ) lower_t_lip_rm_o (F56 )

lower_t_lip_rm_o (F56 ) lower_t_midlip (F4 ) lower_t_lip_lm_o (F55 )

raise_b_lip_lm_o (F57 ) raise_b_midlip (F5 ) raise_b_lip_rm_o (F58 )

raise_b_lip_rm_o (F58 ) raise_b_midlip (F5 ) raise_b_lip_lm_o (F57 )

raise_l_cornerlip_o (F59 ) lift_l_cheek (F41 )

raise_r_cornerlip_o (F60 ) lift_r_cheek (F42 )

O)*D*5 5.7: <??/?596@"+-/ 052+AB FAPs



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+9%4+.<-) .&/ 8AF&/ 5#0 ) $9=.9%) 'B1&$&2 -.)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ B".&"&/ 1/'&=.

?94@'#.# .<" #+&.9E9-',.<" 5#0 .<" $=& '91A$<" #+905&"4T&".#0 -.02 +#D%)!5 5.14,

5.15, 5.16, 5.17 5#0 5.18.



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 75

Additive animation (;"E<1 (8?&P&5)3.)" +9%4+.<-) .)2 +%;.)2 '91A$&/ ( E%L#' – C,7%*5' 5.14, 5.16 ), ) .9E05( B58%#-)

+%&5=+.90 #+A .)" ,1%&0-), 5,19 8&%,, .<" .0';" .<" AUs .)2 -/@595%0'B")2 B58%#-)2

'9 .02 .0'B2 .<" AUs .&/ +%&)@&='9"&/ -.#$4&/.K 'B1&$&2 #/.( +#%&/-0,T90 +%&FE('#.# -.02 +9%0+.;-902 5#., .02 &+&492 &0

$0#$&>05B2 958%,-902 +#%&/-0,T&/" #".05%&/A'9"92 #+905&"4-902. U0# +#%,$90@'#, -.)"

+9%4+.<-) .&/ B".&"&/ 1/'&=, 5#., .& +%;.& 9"$0,'9-& -.,$0& ([65]) '9.#G= ,EE<"

#"#-)5;"&".#0 .# 8%=$0#, 9"; .& 9+A'9"& -.,$0& #+#0.94 >#')E<'B"# 8%=$0#. /.( )

#".48#-) B>90 <2 #+&.BE9-'# .)" +%&FE)'#.05( #+905A"0-) .&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2, &+A.9 -.)"

+9%4+.<-) #/.( +%&.0',.#0 ) $9=.9%) 'B1&$&2 #+905A"0-)2 .<" 958%,-9<".

Sequential animation (P!I<!"1 (8?&P&5)

M9 .) 'B1&$& #/.(, AE# .# 9"$0,'9-# -.,$0# #+905&"4T&".#0 $0#$&>05,. /.A +%#@'#.&+&094.#0 94.9 '9 .)" +#%9'F&E( .)2 &/$B.9%)2 B58%#-)2 '9.#G= .<" $0#$&>05;"

-.#$4<" 94.9 '9 .) '9.,F#-) #+A .& B"# -.,$0& -.& ,EE& 19<%;".#2 <2 F,-) .02 5&0"B2

'9.#F&EB2. K +%;.) +%&-B@@0-) B>90 [email protected]%& #E)1&8#"( #+&.9EB-'#.# -9 ->B-) '9 .)

$9=.9%), .)2 &+&4#2 .& #+&.BE9-'# 94"#0 +0& 80E05A -.& ',.0, #EE, $9" #+&.9E94

+%#@'#.05( +%&-&'&4<-) .)2 #"1%;+0")2 $0#$05#-4#2 +#%#@<@(2 '4#2 B58%#-)2.

5.6.2. =I)?!-1 +D4"3-!/) =I(4/)* (! <1 \!/"O* 9A#&L%.1-15

M9 F,-) .02 +%&FEBS902 .)2 19<%4#2 .&/ Scherer, >%)-0'&+&0(1)59 & MPEG-4#+&5<$05&+&0).(2 GretaPlayer. K #+905A"0-) F#-4-.)59 -.)" #".0-.&4>0-) .<" Action

Units .&/ Ekman '9 .# FAPs .&/ MPEG-4 ( 86*+7+' 4.1 ).

U0# .# 9"$0,'9-# -.,$0# .<" 958%,-9<" .&/ B".&"&/ 1/'&=, .&/ 8AF&/ 5#0 .)2 E=+)2,

$)'0&/%@(-#'9 .02 +#D%)!5 5.16, 5.17 5#0 5.18, >%)-0'&+&0;".#2 .)" 9/9E0G4# 5#0 .)"

958%#-.05A.).# .&/ #+&5<$05&+&0).( MPEG-4 Xface [77].

+A .) $0#$05#-4# #/.( +%&5=+.&/" T).('#.# ->9.05, '9 .) >%&"05( 9GBE0G). K

#1%&0-.05( 'B1&$&2 +%&-$0&%0-'&= .)2 .9E05(2 B58%#-)2 +9%0E#'F,"90 94.9 $0#$&>05( 94.9

#1%&0-.05( $0#>94%0-) .<" 9"$0,'9-<" -.#$4<". 3.& +#%A" $0$#5.&%05A /0&19.(1)5#" 5#0

&0 $=& 'B1&$&0, ) +%;.) @0# .)" #+905A"0-) .&/ B".&"&/ 1/'&= 5#0 ) $9=.9%) @0# .)"

#+905A"0-) .&/ 8AF&/ 5#0 .)2 E=+)2. W#0 -.02 .%902 +9%0+.;-902 +#%#'B"&/" #"&05., .#

T).('#.# .&/ -/@>%&"0-'&=, .&/ >%A"&/ B"#%G)2 5,19 9"$0,'9-&/ -.#$4&/ 5#0 .)2

.#>=.).#2 '9.,F#-)2 '9.#G= #/.;". MB%&2 .<" #+&.9E9-',.<" #+905&"4T9.#0 -.02 +#D%)!5

5.16, 5.17 5#0 5.18.



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

76 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

( # ) ( F ) ( @ )

( $ ) ( 9 ) ( -. )

+#D%)* 5.14: Greta: 8"%L?5X/ 5*@,105-3* -2+@63* 23* 57E"1-53* 9"#-:9#) -B0E3*+ 05 2/ .53"6+

+A,#?%F/-/' 2#) Scherer F,+ 2/* 95"6923-/ 2#) E%L#)- ( + ) #)@>25"# (neutral), ( L ) A+E*,7% -)0L1* (novelty-

sudden), ( F ) @)-+">-75,+ (unpleasant), ( @ ) +*2,E+2,7% (discrepant), ( 5 ) 9+"509%@,-/ -2%$#) (goal obstructive),

( -2 ) $+0/?%' >?5F$#' - 25?,7; >7E"+-/- E%L#' (low control-final expression –fear). Q1.5 >7E"+-/ 9"#7B925, +9%

2/* « 9"%-.5-/ » 23* AUs 23* 9"#/F#B05*3* 57E"1-53* 7+, 2/' 25?,7;' .

( # ) ( F ) ( @ )

( $ ) ( 9 )

+#D%)* 5.15: Greta: 8"%L?5X/ 5*@,105-3* -2+@63* 23* 57E"1-53* 9"#-:9#) -B0E3*+ 05 2/ .53"6+

+A,#?%F/-/' 2#) Scherer F,+ 2/* 95"6923-/ 2#) >*2#*#) .)0#B- ( + ) #)@>25"# (neutral), ( L ) >*2#*/ +9%7",-/ -5

A+E*,7% -)0L1* (novelty- high), ( F ) 9+"509%@,-/ -2%$#) (goal obstructive), ( @ ) )X/?%' >?5F$#' / 05F1?/ >*2+-/ (control high/power high), ( 5 ) 25?,7; >7E"+-/- >*2#*#' .)0%' (final expression – hot anger).



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 77

( # ) ( F ) ( @ )

( $ ) ( 9 )

+#D%)* 5.16: Xface: 8"%L?5X/ 5*@,105-3* -2+@63* 23* 57E"1-53* 9"#-:9#) -B0E3*+ 05 2/ .53"6+

+A,#?%F/-/' 2#) Scherer F,+ 2/* 95"6923-/ 2#) E%L#)- ( + ) #)@>25"# (neutral), ( L ) A+E*,7% -)0L1* (novelty-

sudden), ( F ) @)-+">-75,+ (unpleasant), ( @ ) 9+"509%@,-/ -2%$#) (goal obstructive), ( 5 ) $+0/?%' >?5F$#' - 25?,7; >7E"+-/- E%L#' (low control-final expression –fear). Q1.5 >7E"+-/ 9"#7B925, +9% 2/* « 9"%-.5-/ » 23* AUs

23* 9"#/F#B05*3* 57E"1-53* 7+, 2/' 25?,7;' .

( # ) ( F ) ( @ )



Q5E1?+,# 5. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 8"#-:9#)

78 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

( $ ) ( 9 )

+#D%)* 5.17: Xface: 8"%L?5X/ 5*@,105-3* -2+@63* 23* 57E"1-53* 9"#-:9#) -B0E3*+ 05 2/ .53"6+

+A,#?%F/-/' 2#) Scherer F,+ 2/* 95"6923-/ 2#) >*2#*#) .)0#B- ( + ) #)@>25"# (neutral), ( L ) >*2#*/ +9%7",-/ -5

A+E*,7% -)0L1* (novelty- high), ( F ) 9+"509%@,-/ -2%$#) (goal obstructive), ( @ ))X/?%' >?5F$#' / 05F1?/ >*2+-/

(control high/power high), ( 5 )25?,7; >7E"+-/- >*2#*#' .)0%' (final expression – hot anger).

( # ) ( F ) ( @ )

( $ ) ( 9 )

+#D%)* 5.18: Xface: 8"%L?5X/ 5*@,105-3* -2+@63* 23* 57E"1-53* 9"#-:9#) -B0E3*+ 05 2/ .53"6+

+A,#?%F/-/' 2#) Scherer F,+ 2/* 95"6923-/ 2/' ?B9/' - ( + ) #)@>25"# (neutral), ( L ) 0,7"; 5A#,7563-/ (familiarity

low), ( F ) 9+"509%@,-/ -2%$#) (goal obstructive), ( @ ) $+0/?%' >?5F$#' (control low), ( 5 )25?,7; >7E"+-/- ?B9/ (final

expression – sadness).



79

R!43L*#& 6

6.=E(* - M!#"&)&(O!5

6.1. 9)3L>-1 M!#"&)&(#E) (! M"0-1 *"*(8<"/) +D4"*-<#D%<1<*5

6.1.1. =I-<1(* 9)3L>-15 M!#"&)&(#E)

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>90%&"&'0;" #+A /+&E&@0-.(.

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-.&0>94# +%&590'B"&/ "# 9G,@&/'9 -/'+9%,-'#.# @0# .02 5#.#-.,-902 9"A2 50"&='9"&/

#".0590'B"&/ -.& >%A"&, &0 .9>"05B2 +&/ F#-4T&".#0 -.)" &+.05( +E)%&8&%4# +#%B>&/"

.&/E,>0-.&" 9+#%5942 9"#EE#5.05B2 E=-902 @0# .) -=EE)S) 5#0 9%')"94# .)2 54")-)2 .<"

>9%0;". 3/@>%A"<2, &0 98#%'&@B2 '+&%&=" "# <89E)1&=" #+A .& @9@&"A2 A.0 .# &+.05,

-/-.('#.# '+&%&=" "# 94"#0 +&E= #+&$&.05, ><%42 "# 9+)%9,T&/" .) 8/-05A.).# .)2 #EE)E9+4$%#-)2 '9 .& >%(-.). K #",E/-) .<" >90%&"&'0;" 94"#0 '4# -="19.)

$0#$05#-4# +&/ '+&%94 "# +9%0E#'F,"90 '&".9E&+&4)-) 5#0 #",E/-) 54")-)2,

#"#@";%0-) +%&.=+<" 5#0 9+9G9%@#-4# S/>&@E<--05;" '9E9.;".

O& -=-.)'# +&/ $)'0&/%@(1)59 >%)-0'&+&094 <2 94-&$& #5&E&/1492 905A"<" 5#0

9".&+4T90 .& 598,E0 5#0 .# >B%0# .&/ )1&+&0&=, &+A.9, '9 #/.A .&" .%A+&, '#2 $4"9.#0 )

$/"#.A.).# "# 5,"&/'9 '4# +%;.) 95.4')-) .<" .0';" .<" +#%#'B.%<" BAP (Body

Animation Parameters) .&/ MPEG-4 @0# 5,19 >90%&"&'4# 5#0 "# 9G,@&/'9 -)'#".05B2

+#%#'B.%&/2 958%#-.05A.).#2. O& -="&E& .<" #+&.9E9-',.<" >%)-0'&+&0&=".#0 -.)

-/"19.05( 5#0, A-& .& $/"#.A", %9#E0-.05( $)'0&/%@4# 5,19 >90%&"&'4#2.



Q5E1?+,# 6. (:0+ - J5,"#*#065'

80 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

O& /+&-=-.)'# .)2 $)'0&/%@4#2 -/"19.05;" >90%&"&'0;" 8#4"9.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 6.1:

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$0#8&%9.05B2 >90%&"&'492. K 5,19 >90%&"&'4# 95.9EB-.)59 #%59.B2 8&%B2, $)E;"&".#2 5,19

8&%, '4# $0#8&%9.05( -/"#0-1)'#.05( 5#.,-.#-). C0 >90%&"&'492 .&/ +90%,'#.&2 94"#0 &0

+#%#5,.<:

· 6G(@)-9 (explain)

· H9B '&/! ( 5#0 .# $=& >B%0# +,"< #+A .& 598,E0 ) (oh my god (both hands over

head))· :#%,.# '9 (leave me alone)

· ",.#-) >9%0&=( +%&-BE5/-) +%&-&>(2 ) (raise hand (draw attention))

· Q#%09-.)'B"&2 ( >B%0 5,.< #+A .& +)@&="0 ) (bored (one hand under chin))

· I#0%9.0-'A2 (wave)

· I90%&5%A.)'# (clap)

K 5,19 '4# #+A .02 +#%#+,"< >90%&"&'492 $(E<"9 5,19 8&%, '4# #+A .02

-/"#0-1)'#.05B2 5#.#-.,-902 +&/ #"#8B%&".#0 -.&" O)*D* 6.1:

->)*O-?1(* F!<*"<1(%"#& <&> <"&$&I <15 Whissel

&/$B.9%& (0,0)

>#%,, B5+E)G) +, +1/'A2 +, -

E=+) -, -

O)*D*5 6.1: ()*+,-.;0+2+ )9#@/?#B05*+ 0>-3 $5,"#*#0,:*

QBF#0# '9%05, -/"#0-1('#.# $9" 958%,-.)5#" 'B-< -/@595%0'B"<" >90%&"&'0;",

#8&= $9" 94>9 0$0#4.9%& "A)'#, @0# +#%,$90@'#, ) B58%#-) >#%,2 'B-< .)2 >90%&"&'4#2



Q5E1?+,# 6. (:0+ - J5,"#*#065'

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 81

+&/ /+&$)E;"90 F#%9',%#. ?)E#$( -/"&E05, &0 958%,-902 +&/ 95.9EB-.)5#" 94"#0 #/.B2

+&/ #"#@%,8&".#0 -.&" O)*D* 6.2.

M!#"&)&(O* F!<*"<1(%"#& <&> <"&$&I <15 Whissel

9G(@)-9-explain (0,0), (+, +), (-, +), (-, -)

H9B '&/!-oh my god (+, +), (-, +)

+#%,.# '9-leave me alone (-, +), (-, -)

#",.#-) >9%0&= -raise hand (0,0), (+, +), (-, -)F#%09-.)'B"&2 -bored (-, -)>#0%9.0-'A2-wave (0,0), (+, +), (-, +), (-, -)>90%&5%A.)'#-clap (0,0), (+, +), (-, +), (-, -)

O)*D*5 6.2: C725?5-.56-5' J5,"#*#065'

O9E05, $)'0&/%@(1)59 '4# F,-) #+A 140 $0#8&%9.05, F4".9& (7 )1&+&0&4 x 20

$0#8&%9.05B2 958%,-902 -/"#0-1('#.&2 ).

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'91A$<". K $0#$05#-4# #",E/-)2 50 9".&+0-'&= .)2 598#E(2 5#0 .<" >9%0;" [78]$4"90 .9E05,

@0# 5,19 frame ( C,7%*+ 6.2 ) <2 #+&.BE9-'# '4# B@>%<') ',-5# ( C,7%*+ 6.3 ).

+#D%)* 6.2: (2,F0,%2)9# +7#?#).6+' 9"#' 5A>2+-/

+#D%)* 6.3: WF$"30/ 01-7+



Q5E1?+,# 6. (:0+ - J5,"#*#065'

82 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

6.1.2. "&-P#&"#-(%5 *"*(8<"/) +D4"*-<#D%<1<*5

U0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A .<" +#%#'B.%<" 958%#-.05A.).#2, -.) ->9.05( F0FE0&@%#84# [73],

[74] &%4T&".#0 BG0 +#%,'9.%&0, ) 5,19 '4# #+A .02 &+&492 $0#8&%&+&094.#0 #",E&@# '9 .&

958%#-.05A 'B-& -.& &+&4& 98#%'AT9.#0. 3.)" +9%4+.<-) .<" >9%0;", ) 958%#-.05A.).#

+%&-$0&%4T9.#0 5#., .02 $0#8&%9.05B2 8,-902 .)2 5,19 >90%&"&'4#2, $)E#$( 5#., .) 8,-)

.)2 +%&9.&0'#-4#2, .)2 5/%4<2 54")-)2 5#0 .)2 $0#.(%)-)2 .)2 >90%&"&'4#2, 5#1;2 9+4-)2

5#0 #+A .&" .%A+& +&/ -/"$/,T&".#0 $=& >90%&"&'492 [75], [76].

H9<%&='9 BG0 +#%#'B.%&/2 958%#-.05A.).#2, +&/, &"&'#-.05,, 94"#0 &0 4$092 '9 .02

#".4-.&0>92 .&/ +%&-;+&/ ( C*%2/2+ 5.4 ) 5#0 1# #"#E/1&=" @0# .)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ -;'#.&2

-.)" 9+A'9") 9"A.).#:

· U9"05( E"9%@&+&4)-) (Overall activation)

· I<%05( B5.#-) (Spatial extent)

· I%A"&2 (Temporal)

· `9/-.A.).# (Fluidity)

· ?="#')/6"B%@90# (Power/Energy)

· 6+#"#E)+.05A.).# (Repetitivity)

U9"05( 6"9%@&+&4)-) (Overall activation) 19<%94.#0 ) «+&-A.).#» .)2 54")-)2 5#.,

.) $0,%590# '4#2 -/"&'0E4#2. 3.& -=-.)', '#2 19<%(-#'9 A.0 94"#0 .& ,1%&0-'# .)2

"A%'#2 .<" $0#"/-',.<" 54")-)2: å=

+=n

i

il ir OA0

|)(||)(|rr . K ><%05( B5.#-) (Spatial extent)

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.)2 1B-)2 .<" $=& >9%0;": |)))()((max(| il ir d SE rr

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Q5E1?+,# 6. (:0+ - J5,"#*#065'

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 83

6.2. =I)?!-1 M!#"&)&(#E)

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-/@595%0'B") B58%#-), #"#T).;".#2 .02 #+#%#4.).92 +#%#'B.%&/2 5.E.

?9$&'B"&/ A.0 ) -="19-) .<" 958%,-9<" +9%0E#'F,"90 +&EE&=2 .&'942 @";-)2, A+<2

S/>&E&@4#, BE9@>&2 9'S=><-)2 (animation control), +%A./+# 5.E, ) >%(-) &".&E&@0;" #+&.9E94 '4# 5#E( E=-) @0# .&" +%&-$0&%0-'A '4#2 5&0"(2, '&0%#TA'9")2 @";-)2 [83].

8.2.1. 21(#&>".O* J)<&L&.O*5

%>05, B+%9+9 "# &%4-&/'9 .) @";-) .&/ #".0590'B"&/ .&/ ->9$0#-'&= 54")-)2 .&/

+%&-;+&/ -='8<"# '9 .& +%A./+& MPEG-4 'B-# -.)" &".&E&@4#, ;-.9 "# +9%0@%,S&/'9

.) $&'( ->9$0#-'&= 54")-)2 .&/ 905&"05&= #"1%;+&/(Virtual Human-VH). /.( ) $&'(

'+&%94 "# >%)-0'&+&0)194 -.)" 9@5#14$%/-) ->B-)2 '9.#G= .<" -/-.#.05;" '9%;" .)2

54")-)2 5#0 .<" +#%#'B.%<" .)2 B58%#-)2 'B-< .<" :%&84E .<" 658%,-9<" ( Q5E1?+,# 5 ).C0 958%,-902 ,EE<-.9 B>&/" '4# -.9"( ->B-) '9 .# -/"#0-1('#.#, &+A.9 +%B+90 5#0 #/.B2

"# +9%0@%#8&=" -.& +E#4-0& .)2 &".&E&@4#2 'B-< S/>&E&@05;" '&".BE<".

/.( ) &".&E&@4# B>90 -5&+A "# $4"90 #+#".(-902 -9 9%<.('#.# +&/ '+&%&=" "#

+#%B>&/" @";-) ->9.05, '9 .)" 958%#-.05( 54")-) #"1%;+0"<" >#%#5.(%<". K &".&E&@4#

+&/ $)'0&/%@(-#'9 $)E#$( +%B+90 5#0 B>90 .) $/"#.A.).# "# #+#".(-90 -9 9%<.('#.# .&/

94$&/2: 8:' 7,*#B*2+, 2+ $+"+72/",-2,71 2#) 9"#-:9#) :-25 *+ 57E"+-256 ?B9/; H5 9#,#)'

@,+E#"52,7#B' 2"%9#)' 09#"56 *+ 57E"+-256 # .)0%' ; 8#,5' 56*+, #, 2,0>' 23* FAPs F,+ 2+

-)*+,-.;0+2+ +*;-)$#' , 2"#0#7"+2/0>*#' ; H5 @5@#0>*# >*+ -B*#?# +9% FAPs, 9#,# -)*+6-./0+

09#"#B05 *+ @/0,#)"F;-#)05 ;

8.2.2. 9)*;*"3-<*-1 =>)*#-?0(*<&5

U0# .)" 5#E=.9%) 5#0 -/"9>( #+905A"0-) .&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2, ) &".&E&@4# +9%0B>90 5#0

+E)%&8&%492 ->9.05, '9 .02 '91A$&/2 #+905A"0-(2 .&/, +.>. ->9.05, '9 .&" .%&>A

-/"#0-1)',.<" .)2 Whissel ( Q5E1?+,# 2 ) 5#0 +9%0B>90 .02 .0'B2 9"9%@&+&4)-)2 (activation)

5#0 #+&.4')-)2 (evaluation) @0# $0,8&%# -/"#0-1('#.#.

K #"#+#%,-.#-) -/"#0-1('#.&2, B.-0 A+<2 #/.( B>90 90-#>194 -.)" &".&E&@4#,

#+905&"4T9.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 8.2. V"# -/"#4-1)'# '+&%94 "# '&".9E&+&0)194 #+A B"# (

+9%0--A.9%# M&".BE# 3/"#0-1('#.&2 (Models of Emotions). 6$; >%)-0'&+&094.#0 .#

'&".BE# .<" Ekman 5#0 Whissel. V"# 3/"#4-1)'# (Emotion) '+&%94 "# +9%0@%#894 #+A

'4# V58%#-) :%&-;+&/ (Face Expression).



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

98 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

+#D%)* 8.2: 85",F"+E; 23* X)$#?#F,7:* 0#*2>?3* 2#) -)*+,-.;0+2#' -2/* #*2#?#F6+

8.2.3. "&4OL +D4"3-!/) "&-E;&> (B*-#DE) D*# +)P#*(8-/))

3.)" &".&E&@4# F#-05( @";-) #+&.BE9-#" .# +%&84E .<" 958%,-9<", F#-05;" 5#0 '), A+<2

#/., &%4-.)5#" -.& R!43L*#& 5. U0# +#%,$90@'#, .# $9$&'B"# +&/ +#%&/-0,T&".#0 -.&" O)*D* 5.5 +#4%"&/" .) '&%8( .&/ O)*D* 8.1 ( A+&/ 9'8#"4T9.#0 'A"& B"# .'('# .<"

9"9%@&+&0&='9"<" FAPs) +%&590'B"&/ "# 90-#>1&=" -.)" &".&E&@4#.

Expression F 3min F 3max F 5min F 5max F 19min F 19max ...

Fear ( )4(

F P ) 400 560 -200 -160 -630 -570 ...

Depressed ( )0(

D P ) 160 230 -100 -65 -110 -310 ...

Sad ( )0(

S P ) 0 0 0 0 -265 -41 ...

O)*D*5 8.1: C*@,105-# ()*+6-./0+ <9#F#/25)0>*#' 7+, 2+ L+-,71 -)*+,-.;0+2+ +9% 2+ #9#6+ 9"#>7)X5 ,

05 $";-/ 23* 052";-53* 5*5"F#9#6/-/' 7+, +9#260/-/'

8.2.4. J)<&L&.O* +D4"3-!/) "&-E;&>

3.)" +#D%)* 8.3 +#%&/-0,T9.#0 .& $0,@%#''# .)2 &".&E&@4#2 .& ->9.05A '9 .02 F#-05B2 5#0

.02 9"$0,'9-92 958%,-902 +%&-;+&/ 5#0 .) '9.#G= .&/2 ->B-). K V58%#-):%&-;+&/

(FaceExpression) '+&%94 "# 94"#0 F#-05( ( 9"$0,'9-) #",E&@# '9 .&" .=+& .)2 B58%#-)2. cE# .# :%&84E658%,-9<":%&-;+&/ (FaceExpressionProfile) +9%0E#'F,"&/" B"#

$0,-.)'# .0';" @0# 5,19 FAP, -='8<"# '9 .&/2 5#"A"92 +&/ $0#./+;1)5#" -.& R!43L*#&

5. O& :%&84E6"$0,'9-)2V58%#-)2 (IntermediateProfile) +9%05E9490 $=& F#-05B2 958%,-902

5#0 B"# ?0,-.)'#O0';"FAPs (FAPRangeVariation). U0# .02 9"$0,'9-92 958%,-902 &%4-#'9

+9%0&%0-'&=2 -.& +E#4-0& .)2 &".&E&@4#2, F#-0TA'9"&0 -.&/2 5#"A"92 +&/

>%)-0'&+&0(-#'9 @0# .) $)'0&/%@4# .&/2. U0# .)" 5#E=.9%) +9%0@%#8( #/.(2 .)2 @";-)2,

+#%&/-0,T&".#0 &0 #5AE&/1&0 0->/%0-'&4:



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 99

1. K V58%#-):%&-;+&/ '+&%94 "# &%0-.94 #+A B"# +%&84E F#-05(2 ( 9"$0,'9-)2

B58%#-)2.

2. W,19 9"$0,'9-) B58%#-) +%B+90 "# +9%05E9490 $=& F#-05B2 958%,-902

IntermediateProfile enclosesArchetypalProfiles = 23. W,19 +%&84E +9%0E#'F,"90 .& #".4-.&0>& $0,-.)'# .0';" @0# 5,19 FAP (FAPRange). K

.,G) FAPRange (FAPRange class) +9%0E#'F,"90 .& min 5#0 max .<" .0';" .<" FAPs.

4. O& $0,-.)'# .0';" .<" FAPs .<" 9"$0,'9-<" 958%,-9<" 94"#0 ) B"<-) .<" $0#-.)',.<"

.<" F#-05;" 958%,-9<" +&/ +9%05E94&".#0 -.) -/@595%0'B") 9"$0,'9-) B58%#-). /.A

'+&%94 "# 958%#-.94 <2 +9%0&%0-'A2 @0# .)" 0$0A.).# B>90?0,-.)'#O0';"FAPs

(hasFAPRange) <2 9G(2:

" hasFAPsRange ( FAPRange I (( $ isRangeOfExpressionProfile ArchetypalProfile ) I ( isEnclosedBy IntermediateProfile )))

5. K M9.#F&E(?0#-.('#.&2O0';"FAPs (FAPRangeVariation) @0# .02 9"$0,'9-92

958%,-902 /+&E&@4T9.#0 '9 F,-) .%902 9"#EE#5.05B2:

# ) FAPs +9%0E#'F#"A'9"# 5#0 -.02 $=& F#-05B2 958%,-902, #EE, '9 #".419.& +%A-)'&, F )

FAPs +9%0E#'F#"A'9"# 5#0 -.02 $=& F#-05B2 958%,-902, '9 4$0& +%A-)'&, @ ) #'&0F#4<2

#+&5E90A'9"# FAPs. C /+&E&@0-'A2 .<" .0';" #/.;" @4"9.#0 'B-< .&/ @9""(.&%#

958%,-9<" 50 9G)@94.#0 -.)" +)%<1<* 8.2.5.



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

100 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

+#D%)* 8.3: 85",F"+E; 23* 9"#E6? 23* L+-,7:* 7+, 23* 5*@,105-3* 57E"1-53* -2/* #*2#?#F6+

8.2.5. *"*./.0 R*)%)/) -<1) J)<&L&.O* </) +D4"3-!/)

f2 +#%,$90@'# +9%0@%,89.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 8.4 ) $)'0&/%@4#, 'B-< .)2 &".&E&@4#2, .)2

B58%#-)2 +9#F#/25)0>*#' 'B-< .<" +%&84E .&/ E#L,-0>*#) 5#0 .&/ ?)9/0>*#).

c+<2 E&0+A" 8#4"9.#0 -.)" +#D%)* 8.4, .& -/"#4-1)'# .&/ 8AF&/ 958%,T9.#0 'B-<

.)2 V58%#-)2:%&-;+&/gAF&2 (FaceExpressionFear). /.( ) B58%#-) 19<%94.#0 F#-05(,

&+A.9 B>90 5#0 Q#-05A:%&84E (ArchetypalProfile): Q#-05( _ V58%#-) _ gAF&20

(ArchetypalProfile_Fear0), Q#-05( _ V58%#-) _ gAF&24 (ArchetypalProfile_Fear4). W,19

+%&84E +9%0B>90 .02 #".4-.&0>92 .0'B2 FAPs. M9 .&" 4$0& .%A+& E#'F,"&/'9 .& +%&84E .)2

F#-05(2 B58%#-)2 Y=+) (ArchetypalProfile_Sad0). :%&590'B"&/ "# &%4-&/'9 .)"

+&@&(.9/-) <2 9"$0,'9-) B58%#-) '9.#G= gAF&/ 5#0 Y=+)2, $)'0&/%@(1)59 )

V58%#-):%&-;+&/+&@&(.9/-) (DepressionFaceExpression) <2 9"$0,'9-) B58%#-), '9

+%&84E +&/ +9%0E#'F,"90 .02 Q#-05B2 658%,-902 gAF&2 5#0 Y=+). O& ?0,-.)'#O0';"

(FAPRange) @0# .& +%&84E +&/ $)'0&/%@94.#0, &%4T9.#0 <2 ) B"<-) .&/ $0#-.('#.&2 .0';"

5,19 FAP -.# +%&84E .&/ gAF&/ 5#0 .)2 Y=+)2. 3.& -/@595%0'B"& +#%,$90@'#



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 101

#+905&"4T9.#0 .& FAP19 close_t_l_eyelid, .& &+&4& +9%0B>9.#0 5#0 -.02 $=& F#-05B2

958%,-902 '9 .& 4$0& +%A-)'&, $)E#$( >%)-0'&+&094 .& $9=.9%& 5#"A"# .)2 +)%<1<*5

5.3.1.

W#., .&" 4$0& .%A+& 90-,@&".#0 -.)" &".&E&@4# AE# .# +%&84E .<" 958%,-9<",F#-05;" ( 9"$0#'B-<".

+#D%)* 8.4: 8+"1@5,F0+ @/0,#)"F6+' 9"#E6? W7E"+-/' 8"#-:9#) 7+, +95,7%*,-/' 25?,7#B +9#25?>-0+2#'

-2#* MPEG-4 +9#73@,7#9#,/2; GretaPlayer

8.2.6. =!)3"#* M"0-15 J)<&L&.O*5

K 'B1&$&2 '9 .)" &+&4# E#'F,"&/'9 +E)%&8&%492 #+A .02 C".&E&@492 94"#0 )

+%#@'#.&+&4)-) 9%<.)',.<". U0# .& EA@& #/.A >%)-0'&+&0(1)59 .& plug-in new Racer

Query Language interface [84] for OWL ontologies in Protg. /.( ) @E;--# 9%<.)',.<"

94"#0 +&E= 5&".0"( -.) 8/-05( @E;--#. K @E;--# nRQL +#%B>9.#0 #+A .) RacerPro [85].

3.) -/"B>90# +#%&/-0,T&".#0 -.)" RQL, .# 9%<.('#.# +&/ $)'0&/%@(1)5#". K

+%;.) 9%;.)-) 94"#0 'B%&2 .&/ -9"#%4&/, 5#., .& &+&4& '+&%&='9 "# E,F&/'9



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

102 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

->9$0#-'&=2 54")-)2 #+A .)" &".&E&@4#, $)E#$( -.& +%;.& -9",%0& 1BE&/'9 "# F%&='9

.%A+&/2 B58%#-)2 9"A2 -/@595%0'B"&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2.

8:' 09#"#B05 *+ 57E"1-#)05 2# -)*+6-./0+ 2/' +9#F#;25)-/' ;(What is the facial animation for expressing depressed emotion?)

nRQL:

( retrieve (?a )

( and (?a |FaceAnimation |)

(?a ?b |hasExpresion |)

(?b |FaceExpression |)

(?b ?c |describesEmotion |)

( c ? |Depressed |)))

Result: (((? A |FaceAnimation Depressed |))

Q%(5#'9 A.0 /+,%>90 ) V58%#-):%&-;+&/+&@&(.9/-)

(FaceAnimationDepressed) &%0-'B") -.)" &".&E&@4#.

3.)" +9%4+.<-) .&/ $9=.9%&/ -9"#%4&/, 1BE&/'9, @0# +#%,$90@'#, "# @"<%4T&/'9 .)"

#+#%#4.).) +E)%&8&%4# @0# .&" &%0-'A .)2 -/@595%0'B")2 B58%#-)2 +%&-;+&/, $)E#$(:

<)2; / >7E"+-/ 56*+, L+-,7; ; 5*@,105-/; <* 56*+, 5*@,105-/ , +9% 9#,5' L+-,7>' 57E"1-5,'

9"#7B925, ; 8#,+ 56*+, 2+ +*26-2#,$+ @,+-2;0+2+ 2,0:* 23* FAPs; 5.E.

8#,# 56*+, 2# @,1-2/0+ 2,0:* 23* FAPs F,+ 2/* >7E"+-/ 2#) +9#F#/25)0>*#)?

(What is the range of FAP values for the face expression depressed?)

nRQL:

( retrieve (?H )

( and

( ?A |FaceAnimation| )

( or ( and ( ?A ?B |hasExpresion| )

( ?B |FaceExpression|

)

( ?B ( some |describesEmotion||CONCEPT -FOR- Depressed| ))

( ?B ?F |hasProfile| )

( ?F |IntermediateProfile| )

( ?F ?G |enclosesArchetypalProfiles| )

( ?G |ArchetypalProfile| )

( ?G ?H |hasFAPsRange| )

( ?H |FAPRange| )))))

Result: ((( ?H |Sad0F 19| )) (( ?H |Fear4F 3| ))) ...



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 103

O& .9E9/.#4& 9%;.)'# B>90 <2 #+&.BE9-'# .)" B"<-) .&/ -/"AE&/ .<" FAPs .<"

F#-05;" 958%,-9<", &0 &+&492 $4"&/" .)" 9"$0,'9-) B58%#-) .)2 +9#F#;25)-/' .

8.3. =E(*

8.3.1. 21(#&>".O* J)<&L&.O*5

O& -.,$0& +&/ +%B+90 "# +%&)@)194 -.) $0#$05#-4# $)'0&/%@4# .)2 C".&E&@4#2 94"#0, A+<2

#"#8B%1)59 5#0 -.)" +)%<1<* 8.1, & &%0-'A2, 9".A2 .)2 &".&E&@4#2, .&/ .'('#.&2 .&/

MPEG-4 +&/ +%#@'#.9=9.#0 .& ->9$0#-'A 54")-)2 @0# .& -;'# (FBA). M9 >%(-) .)2

$&'(2 .&/ #"1%;+0"&/ -;'#.&2, A+<2 #/.( &%4T9.#0 #+A .& FBA, '+&%&='9 "# &%4-&/'9

'4# ->B-) '9.#G= .<" -.&0>94<" +&/ >%)-0'&+&0&=".#0 5#., .& ->9$0#-'A 54")-)2 5#0 .<"

+#%#'B.%<" 958%#-.05A.).#2, A+<2 #/.B2 &%4T&".#0 -.& R!43L*#& 6. 3.&" &%0-'A #/.A -/''9.B>&/" 5#0 .# S/>&E&@05, '&".BE# +9%0@%#8(2 -/"#0-1('#.&2 +&/ 9+4-)2

+9%0B>&".#0 -.)" C".&E&@4# ( C,7%*+ 8.2 ). O& '&".BE& +&/ 9+0EB@&/'9 -.)" +9%4+.<-( '#2

94"#0 & O%&>A2 3/"#0-1)',.<" .)2 Whissel, 9"; +#%,EE)E# 90-,@&/'9 <2 B""&092 -.)"

&".&E&@4# .02 +%&#"#89%194-92 +#%#'B.%&/2 958%#-.05A.).#2.

8.3.2. *"3(!<"&# =E(*<&5

C0 958%,-902 .&/ -;'#.&2, 5/%4<2 &0 >90%&"&'492, 9G#%.;".#0 #+A .& 9/%=.9%& +E#4-0&

B58%#-)2 .&/ -/"#0-1('#.&2. K 5/%0A.9%) $0#8&%, .&/2 #+A .02 958%,-902 +%&-;+&/ 94"#0

A.0 94"#0 #$="#.& "# +%&-$0&%4-&/'9 .& -/"#4-1)'#, $4><2 "# B>&/'9 -.) $0,19-( '#2 .&

+%A-<+& ( B-.< .& @9"05A.9%& +E#4-0& 'B-# -.& &+&4& +%#@'#.&+&094.#0 ) >90%&"&'4#. K

-="19-) 54")-)2 @0# .& -;'# 19<%94.#0 9G#0%9.05, $=-5&E) EA@< .)2 +&E/+E&5A.).#2 .)2

$&'(2 .&/ 5#0 .<" +&EE;" F#1';" 9E9/19%4#2 +&/ $0#1B.90. c+<2 #"#8B%1)59 5#0 -.#

+%&)@&='9"# 598,E#0#, 5#E=.9%) #+A$&-) 9+0./@>,"9.#0 '9 >%(-) +E)%&8&%4#2

9G#@A'9")2 #+A +%#@'#.05, F4".9&.

6".A2 &".&E&@4#2, &0 >90%&"&'492 '+&%&=" "# .#G0"&')1&=" '9 -="$9-( .&/2 '9

-/"#0-1('#.#, @0# +#%,$90@'# .& >90%&5%A.)'# '+&%94 ,'9-# "# -/"$9194 '9 .) >#%,, 9"; .& -.#=%<'# .<" >9%0;" '+&%94 "# -/"$9194 '9 .& 1/'A ( .)" BEE90S) ,"9-)2 5.E. /.( )

$0#$05#-4# .)2 .#G0"A')-)2 +%&B5/S9 #+A .# F4".9& +&/ +#%&/-0,T&".#0 -.& R!43L*#& 6.

M9 >%(-) .)2 .#G0"A')-)2 .&/ O)*D* 6.2, '+&%&='9 "# #"#T).(-&/'9 >90%&"&'492 +&/

#".0-.&0>&=" -9 -/@595%0'B"& +E#4-0& ( -/"#0-1)'#.05( 5#.,-.#-). 3.) -/"B>90#, 5#0

+B%#" #/.(2 .)2 .#G0"A')-)2, >%)-0'&+&0(-#'9 .02 +#%#'B.%&/2 958%#-.05A.).#2 ( U9"05(

6"9%@&+&4)-), I<%05( V5.#-), I%&"05, I#%#5.)%0-.05,, `9/-.A.).#, ?="#') /

6"B%@90# 5#0 6+#"#E)+.05A.).# - Q5E1?+,# 6 ).



Q5E1?+,# 8. (B*.5-/ C7E"1-53* 7+, M*2#?#F65'

104 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

8.3.3. J)<&L&.O* =E(*<&5

C0 >90%&"&'492, A+<2 #/.B2 B>&/" .#G0"&')194, 5#0 &0 #".4-.&0>92 +#%,'9.%&0

958%#-.05A.).#2 +9%0B>&".#0 -.)" &".&E&@4# .)2 +#D%)*5 8.5. W,19 54")-) .&/ -;'#.&2

B>90 .#G0"&')194 -9 B"# ( +9%0--A.9%# .9.#%.)'A%0# .&/ O%&>&= 3/"#0-1)',.<" .)2

Whissel, -='8<"# '9 .&" O)*D* 6.2, 9"; +%&8#";2 /+,%>90 #".0-.&0>4# '9.#G=

-/"#0-1)',.<" 5#0 .9.#%.)'&%4<". W,19 -/"#4-1)'# -/"$B9.#0 '9 -/@595%0'B"92 .0'B2 .<"

+#%#'B.%<" 958%#-.05A.).#2, &0 &+&492 ->9.4T&".#0 ,'9-# 5#0 '9 .02 #".4-.&0>92

>90%&"&'492.

3.)" &".&E&@4# +9%0E(81)-#" &0 >90%&"&'492 +&/ +9%0@%,8&".#0 -.& R!43L*#& 6

(explain, oh!my God!, Wave 5.E ) -/"&$9/A'9"92 #+A .& #".4-.&0>& .9.#%.)'A%0& .&/

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-)*+6-./0+ 2/' $+"1' (1# 252+"2/0%",# ))

What are the animations that express joy? (or Animations that belongs to the same quadrant as emotion

joy (1st quadrant))( retrieve (?c ) ( and (?a |WhisselWheel| )

(?a ?b |isLocatedInQuadrant| )

(?b |WhisselWheelQuadrant| )

(?b ?c|hasAnimationRelated| )

(?c |BodyAnimation| )

(?a ( some |modelsEmotion||CONCEPT – FOR – Joy| ))))

Result:

claping

explainoh_my_God

right_hand_wave

8#,5' 56*+, #, 57E"+-2,7>' 9+"1052"#, 9#) .+ « 5*,-$B-#)* » +)2; 2/* 50XB$3-/ 05 2# -)*+6-./0+

2/' $+"1' ;

What are the parameters of expression to enhance this animation with joy?

( retrieve (?b ) ( and (?a |WhisselWheel| )

(?a ?b |hasDimentionOfExpresivity| )

(?b |ExpressivityBodyParameters| )

(?a ( some |modelsEmotion||CONCEPT – FOR – Joy| ))))

Result:

ExpressivityBodyParameters_Joy 2

ExpressivityBodyParameters_Joy 1

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111

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113

11.B#QL#&."*4O*

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[J1] A. Raouzaiou, G. Caridakis, L. Malatesta, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Emotion

Theory and Multimodal Synthesis of Affective ECAs", International Journal of

Humanoid Robotics, submitted for publication

[J2] M. Wallace, S. Ioannou, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, S. Kollias, "Dealing with

Feature Uncertainty in Facial Expression Recognition Using Possibilistic Fuzzy RuleEvaluation", International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications,

vol. 1, nos s, pp. 409-429, 2006

[J3] S. Ioannou, A. Raouzaiou, V. Tzouvaras, T. Mailis, K. Karpouzis, S. Kollias,

"Emotion recognition through facial expression analysis based on a neurofuzzy

network", Special Issue on Emotion: Understanding & Recognition, Neural Networks,

Elsevier, Volume 18, Issue 4, May 2005, Pages 423-435

[J4] A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Parameterized facial

expression synthesis based on MPEG-4 ", Eurasip Journal on Applied Signal Processing,

Vol. 2002, No 10, pp. 1021-1038, 2002

[J5] K. Karpouzis, N. Tsapatsoulis, A. Raouzaiou, G. Mosxovitis and S. Kollias,

"Enhancing Nonverbal Human Computer Interaction with Expression Recognition",

ACM SIGCAPH Bulletin, Issue 67, June 2000, pp. 1-9, ACM Press, NY, USA

R!43L*#* -! Q#QLO*

[B6] A. Raouzaiou, E. Spyrou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "An Intermediate

Expressionsw Generator System in the MPEG-4 Framework", L. Atzori, D. Giusto, R.

Leonardi, F. Pereira. (Eds.): Visual Content Processing and Representation 2005, LNCS,

Vol. 3893, pp. 129 – 136, Springer-Verlag, 2006.

[B7] K. Karpouzis, A. Drosopoulos, S. Ioannou, A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis, S.

Kollias, "Facial and Body Feature Extraction for Emotionally-Rich HCI", Mehdi

Khosrow-Pour (ed.), Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Idea Group

Publishers, pp. 1180 - 1185, 2005



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122 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

[B8] K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou, A. Drosopoulos, S. Ioannou, T. Balomenos, N.

Tsapatsoulis and S. Kollias, "Facial expression and gesture analysis for emotionally-rich

man-machine interaction", N. Sarris, M. Strintzis, (eds.), 3D Modeling and Animation:

Synthesis and Analysis Techniques, pp. 175-200, Idea Group Publ., 2004

[B9] A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Online Gaming and Emotion

Representation", N. Garcia, J. Martinez, L. Salgado (eds.), Visual Content Processing and

Representation, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, Vol. 2849, pp. 298

- 305, 2004

[B10] K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou, St. Kollias, "'Moving' avatars: Emotion Synthesis in

Virtual Worlds", C. Stephanidis, J. Jacko (eds.), Human – Computer Interaction: Theory

and Practice, vol. 2, pp. 503 – 507, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 2003.

[B11] N. Tsapatsoulis, A. Raouzaiou, S. Kollias, R. Cowie and E. Douglas-Cowie,

"Emotion Recognition and Synthesis based on MPEG-4 FAPs", in MPEG-4 Facial

Animation, Igor Pandzic, R. Forchheimer (eds), John Wiley & Sons, UK, 2002.

=>)8P"#* (! P#*P#D*-O* D"O-15

[C12] G. Caridakis, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, S. Kollias, "Synthesizing Gesture

Expressivity Based on Real Sequences", Workshop on multimodal corpora: from

multimodal behaviour theories to usable models, LREC 2006 Conference, Genoa, Italy,24-26 May.

[C13] L. Malatesta, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "MPEG-4 Facial

Expression Synthesis based on Appraisal Theory", rd IFIP conference in Artificial

Intelligence Applications and Innovations, AIAI 2006

[C14] E. Bevacqua, A. Raouzaiou, C. Peters, G. Caridakis, K. Karpouzis, C. Pelachaud,

M. Mancini, "Multimodal Sensing, Interpretation and Copying of Movements by a

Virtual Agent", Perception and Interactive Technologies, Kloster Irsee, Germany, June

19 - 21, 2006

[C15] A. Garcia-Rojas, F. Vexo, D. Thalmann, A. Raouzaiou, K.Karpouzis, S. Kollias,

"Emotional Body Expression Parameters In Virtual Human Ontology", In Proceedings

of 1st Int. Workshop on Shapes and Semantics, Matsushima, Japan, June 2006, pp. 63-70

[C16] A. Garcia-Rojas, F. Vexo, D. Thalmann, A. Raouzaiou, K.Karpouzis, S. Kollias, L.

Moccozet, N. Magnenat-Thalmann., "Emotional Face Expression Profiles Supported by

Virtual Human Ontology", Computer Animation and Social Agents (CASA) 2006,

Geneva, July 5th-7th, 2006



O,L?,#F"+E6+

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 123

[C17] S. Ioannou, M. Wallace, K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou and S. Kollias, "Combination

of Multiple Extraction Algorithms in the Detection of Facial Features", Proceedings of

the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Genova, Italy,

September 2005

[C18] S. Ioannou, M. Wallace, K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou and S. Kollias, "Confidence-

Based Fusion of Multiple Feature Cues for Facial Expression Recognition", FUZZ-

IEEE 2005, May 22-25, Reno, Nevada, USA

[C19] A. Raouzaiou, E. Spyrou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Emotion Synthesis: an

Intermediate Expressions’ Generator System in the MPEG-4 Framework", International

Workshop VLBV05, 15-16 September 2005, Sardinia, Italy

[C20] M. Mancini, B. Hartmann, C. Pelachaud, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, "Expressive

Avatars in MPEG-4", IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME)

2005, July 6-8, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

[C21] A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, S. Kollias, "Emotion Synthesis in the MPEG-4

Framework", IEEE International workshop on multimedia signal processing (MMSP),

Siena, Italy

[C22] A. Raouzaiou, S. Ioannou, G. Akrivas, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Adaptation of

Expression Analysis Based on Evaluation Principles", Fourth European Symposium on

Intelligent Technologies and their implementation on Smart Adaptive Systems (Eunite2004), Aachen, Germany, June 2004.

[C23] S. Ioannou, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, M. Pertselakis, N. Tsapatsoulis, S.Kollias,

"Adaptive Rule-Based Facial Expression Recognition", G. Vouros, T. Panayiotopoulos

(Eds.), Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 3025, Springer-Verlag, pp. 466 - 475,

2004.

[C24] S. Ioannou, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Adaptation of Facial

Feature Extraction and Rule Generation in Emotion-Analysis Systems", International

Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2004), Budapest, Hungary, July 2004.

[C25] T. Balomenos, A. Raouzaiou, S. Ioannou, A. Drosopoulos, K. Karpouzis, and S.

Kollias, "Emotion Analysis In Man-Machine Interaction Systems", Workshop on

Multimodal Interaction and Related Machine Learning Algorithms (MLMI04), Geneva

[C26] M. Wallace, A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis, S. Kollias, "Facial Expression

Classification Based on MPEG-4 FAPs: The Use of Evidence and Prior Knowledge for

Uncertainty Removal", Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy

Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Budapest, Hungary, July 2004, vol.1, pp 51-54



O,L?,#F"+E6+

124 <0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#)

[C27] T. Balomenos, A. Raouzaiou, S. Ioannou, A. Drosopoulos, K. Karpouzis, S.

Kollias, "Emotion Analysis in Man-Machine Interaction Systems", Samy Bengio, Herv i

Bourlard (Eds.), Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction, Lecture Notes in

Computer Science, Vol. 3361, 2004, pp. 318 - 328, Springer-Verlag .

[C28] A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Emotion Synthesis in Virtual

Environments", 6th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, April

2004, Porto, Portugal.

[C29] A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Online Gaming and Emotion

Representation", International Workshop Very Low Bitrate Video Coding 2003

(VLBV03), 18-19 September, Madrid, Spain

[C30] A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Emotion Representation for Online

Gaming", IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME), July 6-9,

Baltimore, MD, USA

[C31] K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis and S. Kollias, "Emotion

Representation for Virtual Environments", ConTEL 2003, 7th International Conference

on Telecommunications, Zagreb, Croatia, June 11-13, 2003.

[C32] K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou, P. Tzouveli and S. Kollias, "MPEG-4: One

multimedia standard to unite all", IEEE International Conference on Multimedia &

Expo (ICME), July 6-9, Baltimore, MD, USA

[C33] A. Raouzaiou, S. Ioannou, K. Karpouzis, N. Tsapatsoulis, S. Kollias, R. Cowie,

"An Intelligent Scheme for Facial Expression Recognition", O. Kaynak (ed.), Artificial

Neural Networks and Neural Information Processing, Lecture notes in Computer

Science 2714, Springer, pp. 1109 – 1116, 2003.

[C34] T. Balomenos, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, S. Kollias and R.Cowie, "An

Introduction to Emotionally Rich Man-Machine Intelligent Systems", Eunite 2003, Third

European Symposium on Intelligent Technologies, Hybrid Systems and their

implementation on Smart Adaptive Systems,Oulu, Finland

[C35] A. Raouzaiou, S. Ioannou, K. Karpouzis, S. Kollias, R. Cowie , "Facial Expression

Analysis", Eunite 2003, Third European Symposium on Intelligent Technologies, Hybrid

Systems and their implementation on Smart Adaptive Systems,Oulu, Finland

[C36] K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou, St. Kollias, "'Moving' avatars: Emotion Synthesis in

Virtual Worlds", Human-Computer Interaction International 2003, 22 - 27 June, Crete,

Greece, vol. 2, pp. 503 - 507



O,L?,#F"+E6+

<0+")??6' – S?F+ 4. T+#)V+6#) 125

[C37] Th. Balomenos, A. Drosopoulos, A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis, St. Kollias, "Use of

the finite element method in 3D structure and motion estimation of non-rigid objects",

SPIE Electronic Imaging 2003, 20–24 January 2003, Santa Clara, California, USA

[C38] K. Karpouzis, A. Raouzaiou and S. Kollias, "Emotionally-rich Virtual

Environment", PCI2003, 9th Panhellenic Conference in Informatics, Thessaloniki,

Greece, November 2003

[C39] A. Raouzaiou, S. Ioannou, K. Karpouzis, N. Tsapatsoulis, S. Kollias, R. Cowie ,

"An Intelligent Scheme for Facial Expression Recognition", Proceedings of the

International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN), Istanbul, Turkey,

June 2003

[C40] A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis, V. Tzouvaras, G. Stamou and S. Kollias , "A

Hybrid Intelligence System for Facial Expression Recognition ", Eunite 2002, European

Symposium on Intelligent Technologies, Hybrid Systems and their implementation on

Smart Adaptive Systems, Algarve, Portugal

[C41] A. Raouzaiou, N. Tsapatsoulis and S. Kollias, "Parameterized Facial Expression

Synthesis for Videoconferencing Applications", Proc.of Intl Workshop on Very Low

Bitrate Video Coding (VLBV01), Athens, Greece, October 2001

[C42] A. Raouzaiou, K. Karpouzis and S. Kollias, "Facial Expression Analysis in MPEG-

4 Sequences", Proceedings of ICAV 3D, Mykonos, Greece, August 2001





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ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΣΥΝΑΙΣΘΗΜΑΤΟΣ-ΕΚΦΡΑΣΕΙΣ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΥ Δ.Δ.448.pdf