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E-mail: sriatm@yandex.ru

. +7 812 297 45 14

- EP-07 : , .1

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96 4 1996 .

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EMEP = 50 60,132x159 6

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2006 . (. )

:1. GAINS

2. GAINS - 8

GAINS

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IIASA

9

GAINS ONLINE :

, (SO2, NOX, VOC, PM, NH3) (CO2, CH4, N2O F-), , ( ) SO2 10

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11 GAINS

:

Russia, KaliningradRussia, Kola and KareliaRussia, St. PetersburgRussia, RemainingGAINS EUROPE 12

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, , . 13

Regional Parameters( )couSpecCostSOxNOxPMEmfac_PM_CO2Activity Data( )Control Strategy( )controlStrategyGainsEmfac_SO2_NOx_VOCmob_exhemiParamNH3remeff_cost_VOC GAINS 14

Activity Data( ) actPathEneMob ,

allProcesses ( , ..)

actPathAGR ,

actPathVOC ,

actPathNH3 - ,

actPathParam - ,

actPathMacro - 15

Control Strategy( )

controlStrategyGains , 16

Regional Parameters( )

couSpecCostSOxNOxPM SO2, NOx, , Emfac_PM_CO2 2 ( , , )Emfac_SO2_NOx_VOCmob_exh SO2, NOx , ( , ..)emiParamNH3 , ( , , )remeff_cost_VOC - OC 17

- .- . . "" 2004 . - 18

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: , , , , , , -, ; ; ; , ; ; , . N ( ). 19

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21

22

, Gains * - / / , , .

** - 2006 .* * * 23

SO2 (.) 24* - / / , , . -

** - 2006 .*

10- 25

SO2, NOx , , 2020 CIAM Report /2008 ( 4- , 14 17 2008 .) 26

: ( ) ( / , ) 27

2020 ., : , , , , Euro-IV SO2 74%NOx 29%PM2.5 33% 28