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地熱能 熱能、熱源開發及應用. 吳俊德. 地熱發電優勢. 地球 : 熱發動機 地表平均熱流 87 mW/m 2 地表每年散失的熱量 2.4 × 10 17 千卡 ≒ 1.68X10 10 桶石油 (Verhoogen et al., 1970). 深井鑽探成功紀錄 - 地熱溫度. 地熱能形成. 因為地球內部很深處存在放射性元素,這些元素不斷進行著熱核反應,具有非常高的溫度,估計地球中心的溫度有 6,000℃ 。這樣巨大的熱能,通過大地的熱傳導、火山噴發、地震、深層水迴圈、溫泉等途徑不斷地向地表散發,這樣,便產生了地熱能。因此,地球被形象地形容為“大鍋爐”。 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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: 87 mW/m2
2.410171.68X1010(Verhoogen et al., 1970)
-
6,0001 ( )2 3 + 4 ()
1422.89.7
74254
GoogleAlta RockPotter Drilling625400Obama5/27/200935
CO2
20
Geothermal gradient
(Geothermal gradient)(heat conductivity)1.3HFU3.0 HFU(hot spot)
,Q =,T =(),X =(m)k =(mcal/cm.s.). Q = K x GTGT = Q/k GT =,,
(1)1986580408172
58025017080200
(2)117-1447912
1025863m117-1447912
4Km>175
4,000m175
(km) 2(MWe)(%)(MWe)>20001500~20001000~1500500~1000
1001014
111
112
100mW/
2
(Volcanic)
(Hydrothermal)
full water(HotRocks)
lack waterNon-volcanicgeothermal Geothermal resource classification(Hot SedimentaryAquifers)
(Hot Wet Rocks)
(Hot Dry Rocks)
1.2.3.4.8
EGS
(3,000) (3,000)
Enhance Geothermal System EGSEGSEngineering Geothermal System()
CO2
Enhance Geothermal System(EGS)Complex Energy Extraction from Geothermal resource (CEEG)
EGSCEEG(1)CEEG
EGS(Enhance Geothermal )CEEG
EGSCEEG(2)CEEG
CEEGCEEG() ()
Complex Energy Extraction from Geothermal resource ( CEEG)
CEEGClosed-loop Hot Dry Rock Energy Harvest SystemProf. Bohdan Zakiewicz20088020382
Prof. Bohdan Zakiewicz1.(3m) 2.3.4.5.()6.7.BZ-7 (BZ-Harvester)8.9.10.() 11.12.
(Patented formula cement)BZ-Harvester (thermal energy recovery probe)BZ-Harvester320BZ-H
(The water return pipe of the lowthermal conductivity materials)320oC(High-pressure pump with no leaves nor occurrence of cavitation)(150kg)200M (Underground pipeline to transmit electricity)Prof.Bohdan M.ZakiewiczKnow-how
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Prof. Bohdan Maciej Zakiewicz
Piotr D.Moncarz
CEEG
/
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.
20
150
19287740t8011
800230021600
1904 10 kW 1922
:280.7 :827.2*
()
(Data Center)
()
:2.6
2/3 1/2
http://www.bjjnw.gov.cn/build/xxfb/showArticle.do?m=showArticle&id=000000084001222fb7d929&lmid=null
:17
http://cq.cqnews.net/sz/zwyw/200612/t20061216_1184280.htm
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