opoa po oBaHKoo pyxyi aioaicHoo ii :

pooK ov| oi aapeIoa xpaHKM opal{a epao

ee epii oyH i yA

1944-1 945

oa epi, ol 9

A Hy Alltl

Ajy D,t

NationalAademy of Sienes of UkraineM. S. Hrushevs'kyj Institute of Ukrainian

Arheography andSoure Studies

"Litopys UPA" Publishing HouseState Committee for Archives of Ukraine

CentraI State Aehive of Publi Associations ofUkraine

Litopys UPANew Series, Volume 9

The Struggle Against lnsurgent Movementand the Nationalist Underground:

Interrogation Protools of oUN and UPALeaders Arrested by

the Soviet State Seurity organs

1944-1945

Kyiv 2007 Toronto

Haioa Aaei ay pail cy ypai o apxeopaif

a epeoaai. M' c. pyeoo HAH paih

Bao l.io yA''fl,epa oie apxii paih

.Qep

i ieo oKy4e apxix pia ei[epaoo pooy oyH() M. cea, o' yoo i . fl,yoo,epii yocoo pooy oy() A. ao M. aya'oapi iox opy yA . Bopo6, B. eo,O. oooo, . Ceya, epii A pix pi . a,. iicoo, .Q, Biooo, M' yxoo, B. ' poooxiioi, ae pa i, iloc oii,opiaii, ioi a ii a ope i ioi A a oei epopi - i oi ioi o yo a ii, iK a Cxoi o . . 3aepo a 3oi.

he book ontains douments from arhjva| riminaI reords of members ofthe Centra| Leadership of oUN(B) M. Stepanik, o Luts'ki. and P. Duzhyi. of theBukovna leadeship of oUN(B) A. Halts'ka and M. Haiduk, the ommanders of theUPA Military okruhas Vorobets', V. Levkovych, o. Po|iovyi, lu' Ste|'mashhuk, andother UPA ommanders Ie. Basiuk, |a. Bilins'kyi, D. Vitovs'ki' M. Duzhi, V. PavIk.heir interrogation reords ompiled b Soviet inVestigators show poIitiaI,organizational, military and other questions pertaining to the origin and ativity of theUPA on the territory from PoIissia in the North to Bukovyna in the South and from Kivin the ast to Zakerzonnia (ethnic Ukrainian territories in PoIand) in the West.

Peaia paa:. coxAH (ciooa)' . olH (ciooa),

. oyHoB, . oPK, . AIIJK, . oK|/|,P. Pl' . yAJtA, . I.lJAoA

Editorialboard:P. soKHAN (co-hairman),

P. PoT|HNYJ (o-hairman), S. BoHUNoH. BOR|AK, |a. DASHKEVYH, V. LoZYTs,KY R.

PYR|H. L. FUALA. |u. SHAPOVAL

op:o. |y' C. Koi

Compilers:o. lshhuk, S. Kokin

Hayoo-ooiHa pa:.. oo

Sintifi auxiIiar groUp :D. Boiko

IsN 966-o2-oa7-7 (Ukraine) @ io A, 2007lsN 0-920092-80-2 (Canda) o Litopys UP^,zoo7

fl'o opi i p,}{eHHPrua yxe

1907- 2007

yHAoP

2006-2007C ia: o,a .Keiul _ pee' poca Lie - ooaPa ,,peopi' oa Kpa _ cap i oo iaopeepe. Co ia: Cea Kaapa, opec _ peepe,Kaepa oo, op e, poca oepuL _ acyoo Pa,D'peopi. Bii - Api ei'

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I l l. .Qoye apxioT piao paM. aya '.',,.,17Nq 1. B poToKoory M. aya. 15 i 1945 p. ..,..,..1BN 2. pooKo ory M. aya, 22 ci 1 945 p. .'..,.........'..... 1 48Ne 3. pooKo o M. aya. 29 vep 1 945 p. ........'.....'.' 1 71Ns 4. c M. aao ,,epeH''. epee 1945 p. .. '.......176

lV. floye apxioT piao pa. icoo........... ........1B.|

Ns 1. B pool(oyory. icoo.7i 1945 p. '..182N 2. pooo ory . icoo.

.l 6 i 1 945 p.,.,.,'....,.'. 1 90

No 3. pooo ory . icoo. .| 9 i .| 945 p.,','''''''''''202

No 4. pooo ory . icoo. 2 oo 1 945 p' .'...........206N 5. pooo ory . ioo, 7 oo 1 945 p. ...........'.20BNs 6. B pooo ory . ioo. 25 oo 1945 p. .,.227

Ns 7. B pooKoory . ioo. .|

5 pa .l945 p. ...230

Ne B. pooo.o . Meya. B epe .l 945 p. ........... 233

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Ne 1, B poToKooryA. aoi' 9 epe 1945 p. .....238Ns 2. B pooKo ory A. aoi. 1 0 epe 1945 p. ...241Ne 3. B pooKooryA. aoi. 25 epe 1 945 p. ....251

Vl.,Qoye apxioT piao cpao. yoo........'.'..... ''.''.267Ns 1 , B poToKo o epia A-,.axi''o. oo.25 i 1945 p' ..................268Ns 2. B poooyoryo. yoo. 5oo 1 945 p.'.....2B1Ns 3. B pooKo.ory o. yoo. -1 2 oo 1 945 p. ..'.286N 4. pooo ory o. yoo. 1 epe

.l 945 p.'................288

Ne 5. B pooKoyory o. yoo. 5-8 epe 1945 p. ,. ' '290Nq6. B pooKoyoryo. yoo. 23 i 1945 p. ....'.31 1Ns7. B pooKooryo. yoo. 1 1 pa 1945 p. .......31 3N 8. pooo ory o. yoo. 20 ep 1 945 p. ..... ..... ' ' ' ' '.. 1 7Nq 9. B pooKo.oryo. yoo. 29ep 1945 p. .....31 9Ns 10. B pooKoyoryo. yoo. 3 -|945 p. ...'..322Nq 1 1 . B poToKooryo. yoo. .t 1 1945 p. ...326Ne 12. B poToKooryo' oo. 19-20 1945p. .'.27Ns .l3. B pooKo oy o. oo. 3] a1 ep 1 945 p. ........'.....'...2Ns ] 4. B pooKoyory o. yKoo. 1 -2 cep 1 945 p. ... . . '33Ns .|5. B pooKoyory o. yoo. 6 ep 1945 p. .....49Ns ]6, BpoToKoyoryo.Koo' 8ep 1945 p. ..'..354Ne 17. B pooKoyoryo. oo' 2.l ep 1945 p. ..'356Ns 1 8. B pooKo ory o. yoo. 27 cep 1 945 p''.'359Ns ] 9. B pooKoyory o' yoo. 4 epec 1 945 p. ... 371Nq 20. BpooKoyoryo. yoo. 10 epe 1945 p.''.378Nq 2] . B pooKoory o. yoo. 1 1 epec 1945 p. ...379Ns 22. B pooKoory o. yoo. 20 epec 1945 p. ...3BBNe 23. pooo ory o. yoo. 28 epec 1 945 p. .............3B9Ns 24. Haa Ne 6 epia HB Ao. aa. .1 ep 1944 p. ...39.l

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Ns 27. Haa Ns 3 epia Bo A ..3axi_Kapa',

o. yoo' 28 cep 1944p' .396Ns 28. Haa Ns 6 epia Bo A ..axi_Kapa,'

o.yoo..|4epe 1944p. ........'...397Ns 29. Coaai, ae o. . 22epe 1944p. ...399Ns 30. Ki ( poa) o. yoo' 7 coaa 1944 p. .............399Ns 31. o' ooo M. Tepoxia. 2o 1945 p. ......399Ns 32. o' yoo o M. p.oia.2oaa

.l945 p. ...400Ns 33. c o. oo.o,,Koap''. 5 py 1 945 p. ......'.........40 1Ns 34. B pooKo ory o. o. 5 1 945 p.''.,',.,402Nq 35. B pooKoy.0,oy o. o. 6 1945 p. ......40Ns 36. B pooKo.oryo. yoi. 3-4ep 1945 p. ...406Ns 37' B pooKoyoryo. oi.27oaa 1945 p. ...40BNs 38. B pooKo ory o. oi. 7 py 1 945 p. ...,....41 1Nq 39. B pooKoory o. yo. 1 2 p 1 945 p. .',.''.'41 4Ns 40. B pooKoory o. o.

.l 9 p 1 945 p. ........41 9

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Vl l. fl,oye apxio piaoi pa

Ns..1. B pooKoory' Ceaya.9oo 1945 p. ...430Nl 2. pooKoo . Ceaa. 20oo 1 945 p. .'.'.'.47No 3. pooo ory . Ceaa' 22 oo 1 945 p,''.,,',,.,446Ns 4. B pooKo.,o ry . Ce MaKa. 25 oo 1945 p. .'.449Ns 5. B lpooo,ory . ceaya. 20ep 1945p. ...452N 6. pooo o A. apa. 28 ep 1 945 p. .'.,.,,,''.''.454N 7. poooory. Copya. 28ep 1945 p. ...........456No B. pooo ory . eya. 28 ep 1 945 p. .................459N 9. pooo ory.{. Heepya. 29 ep 1 945 p.'...............'.461Ns -10. pooooryC. Myya. 29ep 1945 p.'.''.,'.'.'464

429

Nl 1 1 . poo|(o oryT Kapya. 30 ep 1 945 p. ....'...........466No12,pooKot,oA.Tavya. 1 ]945p. ..,...469N 1 3. pooKo ory A. Cao a. 1 1 945 p. .,,,,,.'.'.,,.''47 1

Vl I I. .Qoye apxioT piaoT pa..[,poo. '','.''.'''.'.47No 1 . pooKo apMaHH ea l-]epaoopooy oH . .Qyxoo. 4 ep

.l945 p. '...,...........474Ns 2' B pooo o eHa l-tepaoopoo oH, epia peepeHTp poaaH.'flyxoo'.|9ep 1945p. ''.,.,.'..'.,',''475Ns 3, B poooo ..[yoo. 23 ep 1 945 p. ......485Ns4. B pool(oory ..Qyxoo. 11 1945 p. .......499Ns 5. B pooKo.ory ..Qyoo. 20 -1 945 p. .......502

l. .Qoye apio piao paM. flyloo

X. floye apxioT piao paB. a.

Ns 1 . B pooKo.oTy epia ooloKpANs6B. aa. ]9 1945p. .......'..52Ne 2' pooo ,o B. aa.

.1 9 1 945 p.'..............'...54

No 3. pooo ory B. aa. 20 1 945 p. ..'.......'........539N 4. pooo toTy B. aa. 2 1 945 p.'..................545Nl 5. pooo oy B. aa. 21 1 945 p. .'...'.............54BN 6. pooo.oyB. aa. 22 1945 p. ...................550Ne 7. pooo oy B. aa. 2 .l 945 p. ...............'...552N B. pooo t,o B. aa. 2 1 945 p. ..............'....553N 9. pooo oy B' aa. 2 1 945 p, ................... 555Ns 10. B pooKoy.ory B. aa. 31 1945 p. ....,.559N 1 .l . poo|(o ory B. aa. 3 cep .l 945 p. .................559Ne

.1 2. pooKo o B. aa. 6 ep 1 945 p. ....,............56 1

N 1 3. pooKo oy B. aa' 6 ep 1 945 p. .................563N 14. pooKooryB. aa. Bep 1945 p. ................564Ns ]5. B3 pooKoyoryB. aa. 1Oep .l945 p. ....566

10

511

51

N 1 6. pooKo ory B. aa. 1 3 ep 1 945 p.'....'.........568Ns 17. Cxoa XapaKepKa Ha e B. aa.14ep 1945p. ....'....'.....569N 1B. pooKo.o epia Hl 'Ky oeoiopA Ns6'eoo.1ep 1945p. ........570Ne 19. pooKo.ory3. eoo. 2ep 1945 p. .........'..5B0Ne 20. pooKo ory 3. eoo. 3 ep 1 945 p' ............5B3N 21 . pooKo oy . eoo. 3-4 ep

.1945 p. ........5B5N 22. pooKo oT . eoo. 6 cep 1 945 p. ... '........5BBN 23. pooKoo, eoo. 10 cep 1945 p' ..........590Ns 24. Ba pooKo oT ia M. Ca,MeKaHK . Cpi. 14epe 1945 p' ................591Ne 25. pooo o acKa oH . aa.24 1945p. '..................592Ns 26. B pooKoo 'ooi oHaAB. Koeo|'25 1945p. ...'595Ne 27. pooo ooi aK i B. ao a 3. e.16ep 1945p. .........597Ns 28. oooo ooT CTa i B. ao a 3. e.17ep 1945p. ..'.........'...600Ng 29. pooo ooi a i M. a a 3' e..1.l ep 1945p. ...........'......604Ns 30. pooo o p>KH epia icoooopyA Ns 6 B. aa_ M. a'2 1945 p. ..........606Ns 31 . B pooKoo M' a. 24 n 1 945 p. .....608Ns 32. B pooKoy.o.o M. a. 25 1945 p. .....610Ne 33. B pooKooryM. a. 1 ep .|945 p. .....614Ns 4. B pooKo.ory M. a. 6cep 1945 p.''.'.617Ns 35. B poToKoy.o M. a. 7ep 1945 p'...'61BNs 36. B pooKoory M. a. 9 ep 1945 p. ...,.621Ns 37' pooo pe'eH oopai B. ay.10ep 1945p. ''.'.''.,.''.''.622Ns 38. pooo pe,e oopai . eoy.10ep 1945p. ...............62

Xl. floye apxio pio pao. oooo.......'...... ........625

Ns 1 . B oKaa apaoo o. oooo. ] i 1946 p. ...626Ns 2. B poToKoory o. oooo. 2 i .| 946 p. ....628Nq3. B pooKooryo. oooo. 1Bep 1946 p. ...636

't1

Ne 4. pooo oy o. oooo. 1 B 1 946 p. ...............69Ns 5. B pooKoyoryo. oooo. 27 ep 1 946 p...'640N 6' pooo oy o. oooo. 24 xo 1 946 p. .............643Nq 7. B pooKooryo' oooo. 2-1 ci 1947 p''..''644

Xl l.,Qoye a pxio p i a o pa . Bopo.........'...,.. ........649

N 1 . pooKo aTpa . Bopo. ] 5 i .l 946 p. ......'....650Ns 2. B pooKoyory. Bopo. 23-28oo 1946 p. ....651N 3. pooo oy . Bopo. ] 0 xo 1946 p. .. '... '...... '.700Ns4. B pooKo.ory. Bopo. 23 epe 1946 p. ...701Ns5, B poToKoyory. Bopo. 24oo1947 p' '.''''704Ns 6. Ba pooKoory |. aya. 1 ep 1944p....... '706N s 7. B Ka pooKo.ory B. eoo . 22cep 1 %4 p.. . . 70 BNs 8. B pool(oyory . Kopa. 9- 1 2oo

.| 6 p . ......7 1 1Ns 9. BKa pooKoyory. Ca. 3oaa 1946 p.''...7 1 4

Xl l l. .fl'oyeH apxi oT p i a o pa t. B]ooo........... '',,.'.'717Ns 1 , A po axoe epia i.y ooooKpy A ..Maia,, .,. BioKoo. 1 9 epe 1 946 p. .'..'.''.'.7 1 8Ns 2' .I],oia po aoe .. Biooo . 2 .l 946 p.'..'.7 1 gNs 3. B pooKoory.{. Biooo. 25 ep 1 946 p. ..'7

-1 9

Ns4. B pooKoory.. Biooo '2 1946 p. ...730Ns 5. B pooKoory.' Biocoo. 5 -1946 p. ...731Ns 6. B pooKoory.. Biooo. 25

.1

946 p.,..'.'...7 4Ns 7. B pooKoory. Biooo. -l9xo 1946 p. .......736Ns 8' B pooKoy.ory. Biooo. 0xo 1946 p. ' ' ' ' ' '.77Ns9. B pooKo.ory.' Biooo. 18coa.|946 p. ......73BNs -l 0' Popoa aci.,. Biooo. 9 py .1 946 p' ..'.7 40Ns 1 .1. Popoa ai.[. Biooo. 9 p 1946 p. ..'.740Ns 12. B pooKoyory.. Biooo. 9 py 1946p' ',.741Ns

.l 3. B poToKoyory . Kaiea. 1 cep .l 946 p.,'''''7 45

Ns ]4' BpooKooryP Ceea. 1 ep 1946 p. .''.''747

lV. fl'oye apxioT piaoi. paB. eo.............. '.'..'.749N 1 . A po apMaHH B. eoa. 1 7 py 1 946 p. .. '.......750N 2. pooKo ory B. eoa. 23 py 1 946 p. .......'''...'7 52

12

No 3. pooKo o B. eoa. 26 p 1 946 p. .... '.........755Ns4. B pooooryB. eoa. 31 py 1946 p.'.',.757No 5. pooKo oy B. eoa. 20 i 1947 p.................763Ne 6' B pooKooryB. eoa. 24ci1947 p' ,',','..772Ns 7. B pooKo.ory B. eoa. 28oo 1947 p.'...77 4N B. pooKo ory B. eoa' 24epe 1947 p, .,''.',,...777No 9. pooKo o B. eoa. B i 1947 p, .....'...,'......7B2N 1 0. pooKo ory B. eoa.

.1 5 i 1947 p..............789

Nq 1 1. Bi eopa poToKoory B. eoa.5--t6ep 1947 p. ..'.'........794

to 805

'r3

By

ocai aoM oioaHo eK ii paie eio-M, ae e a>.,oMei, o epiaC .epxa-x apxiax pa i pooia po iopi BopeHH a i-oci paToT ocacoT Api (A). Cepe x oco i e a a .o KMeHT pa H o pa i epa oi a iypai, 3 ao x ai ,,iocy A,' a Mox-i oaoMc oepe.Hix oax epiT r .

M epaeMo Ba a i oye o, o Ha i.i iaaox i pepecBHx ai iooo (oyi-oo) pey po paioo Hapo, opoa A 1944.1 955 p p. a p e a t 6po r' po o pco||/' o p a i o a-, ooi eHH i epeoa oT paoi po|toM, a ip aoT aTH HaeeHH axiopaT-Koo peloy.

Bioi^o o o ca i yi' BHaeH apio-.0,epaHM eplo CPCP' opoy A e epyi op-a i ia HKBC-MB (1944-1947 pp.)' HK-M (1944-1953 pp.), i o'eaH io _ MBC ( epe 195 p. )'a i Hooo Tx po'e.,a _ K, p Pai Miipi CPCP ( e-peH 1954 p.). Toy oye pa.HcK opai eiaoopHaeHH e Ba>BM )epeoM ocixe iopi A.

po aa, apaep i ai poopcBa eH Bla cai ai, aeei ooit ai iipa y-piix pa PP . Mea iip piix cpa PCP. epii i22 i 1953 p. B i aaeo, o ,,a oia o-Hoo M PB y axix oa pa a epio 1 944o 1953 pi, ooM HoM, aio MaCo iox o-pai, o 153.259 a.i i aooHKiB'', aapeToBaHo-1 0.00' ,,BBe.eo ni..i ieaioao'' 76'672 oo ( xo 4o/o ',eaiyaa a pMo aio i.i i e p-o oi opoo poo''), eeo peio ,,aoco-'' 65.895 po (203.737 oi). B yixo 536.67] ooa.

.[o x i oa oai, i pooBa opoyao i a exi CPP. Kpi oo, y axix oax paaa|/1c 88.132po (324.086 oi), ,,poi i ia oepai, aapeoaHi, ai' epeyaT Ha Heea-HoM aHoi ao eK a KopoH', 2. aaa iic oi,

r .[ : io A. Hoa cei' - -7. - Ki-Tooo' 2001 -2003.

15

KX Ml PCP aao peHV1|\ o poo opo, a-Hoa 860.757 (e ix oai i iai a opo).

.Qo aii ii opo oii ] 0.o ii K.[ pPM PP i17 i 1973 p.'yo ieeo HaCHe'' 1944.1953 pp. ypai aioai 6 0.676 pa. poMa-.H, loo H KX caoB Ko o H K i e ( 1 5. 355 oi )'.ai - ioooi epoo (Pao) apii, pi-ix i pop.oH i (.199)' ii aH aao-i (2.590)' yxoi_ ei, iapia i. (1.931)' cipoiopai pii pa (1 .864), oo ix pa (1 .454)' pa-i oax, ix a pao BKoHKoMi (1.276), i-poi M (697)' poi (676)' oo ooci i pao-i (314), apii oooi pai (ioio 251 i207). opea pa _ i,.oooco.apK, oo oxoo iya ii (860 oi) 3 '

ao oiia paHKa CTaKa. epeip a '-a, o KoHKpeTHo a He oi, oHa e B iioKMeH opai epeeK. a aKo BeC KoMe iop-HX epe, oHX o i e. Coiao, o aHa KapMe oM.

.[oye H KBc - K' o e pia ayeoy ep)a-HoMy apxii Cy ee paT (A pa) i i- poopo A, a coT aM iio oia eia ocHoHx p. HopaBHo-poopi,,oKMeH(aa, peKB, ipyi, ai) i iopai poaaHH' i caC epe ipoia opaHi epe-e. lopaio-,,oioi oer (iai oi.o-eHH, ooii, o, paop, oi).a aaH po xi i peya BKoHaHH X a.,a' Pii oepai o-KMeH' oBy x pHa |a To| HopMaTHo-poo-pa aa ioci opai epxeeK, e corpio cpo-Ho oepe.Ho| p.

2 ...: Mp HpeH e Coa CCP oap ep . . [MpHpeH e KpaHKo CCP . Me. 22 ape 1953 ] // aeepa apxi C ee ai (ai _ !A C pai), 16, o' 9(1956 p.)' . 58' ap. 1 -4.

.Q.: Cpaa o KoeBe o oeKX paxaH o p aooH a epo 1 944- 1 95 . / / MCpai' 1 , cp. 372' r 1 03' aK. 9. 1 1 i ,,oi epop i epop paii XIX. r |opvi ap'' (Ki,2002)ac'775o i iaopi 3-o apapa| poi.. Beer eipoaa apKyi apxioi pa, i ieo oiy. Bpa oMK,oaMo aKo' o y oii ici aeei M aBopo ai o ai 50eiyci 1.931 xaioaiayxoi,xieipoaapeaKaM iHeieii

16

Haei y py l0,oMeHa H x >epe, opaio o -.HaH oepeHlM, yop apii pMlHai cpa aaapeToa i aceHX opaa paoi Ba eHIBoH i A. e po poKe oo pa a pix oi - ip.oX oyii i oi A o ei |-J'epaoo pooy (( )oH, oapi ypei, 'ea, iox oKp. Cae p-a oKMeHi !A C paT peaeHa i. Haa yaao H oHe M, o aapeoai oii i o A a.oaX Mei pooia e i po BaHyii,ae ix i.,ox oax ipoii. Hai, Baxa oaH, a KX BoH yci Ha.aBa iopai, Mo)Haep.0)ryBaT' o pooKo r |HHM |copHM rpeoM .BBeHH oBTaHKoo pX.

..o iu: B|/1| poooi oi aaix,Ha Ha MK, epii oH i A' aapeoBaHX paHK-M opaaM 1944- 1946 pp. MxaoCea,6e ac,Apeii aa, Moa a, poca ic,lopi Cea, oecap , epo tl, Mo-a flHa o aa iae, i ,,a'', y- ai aoipoi A (eaeo i XapaKep oo i) - ,,aHo'', Ke-pia ipoiy _ ,,aHaapeM'' ao ',aapeM'' i ..

!oy y i TpKTpoBai a poeMHopoHooi pHo: opoK poTaaHH po|| BHaaT .0'aTapei oi, poaaH oyei epei poii _ ta|/1 cope. .!oyeT poHooio oxo epio 1944-1946 pp.

' a opaiHo _ axiy pai, oo e rocaHo

pepeeTae.B paxoy e i y i ooBa pa. Hx opa i e p -

ee _ aai i eayaHH oyx aHa MTeBe iopya epia yix oepaBHo a)K-

17

BX aH' - Mo)eMo peKoHTpBa poe HaKoeH lHQo-paii po A Ha.pax e i 'Ba, o aMe o i-.oMo pa.Hi opoi po CBoo poTHa aHoM, HapK-a, Ha 1 epe 1944p' -1 i -1945 p., i oiopoa-i Ha Ha oa xi pooo poopa,poBeeHH eio-iox oepai oo.

ep aB epio A, aoeM opaHaMHKB i HK, y M. Cea (.'Cepi',, ..oa''). oo ap-a 30 |1|1 1944 p' pii ii i eaM ya i lepaMiooo pao PieoT oai, i a apa iy axo opae KHo o p paHao, pa i-.oi i aoy ai i xoy a .

Cea Mao flMpoB Hapol 24 ci 1 905 p. . .. a Caiai (Coo pao Iao-paio oai) y aaoii ei poi (a o-Tp Cp ia pa). .1918--l926 pp' i aa Cai-ai iaii, a y 1926-1931 pp. _ Ha p.HoM ayeiioo yiepe. M. Cea oi pxHo CTaBCo oyiHX ie i ai ipaB 'oK oyi-H pyxo' a e ic aie iepey i y aapeo-a oKo oiie, ae epe eoeei oyae- y ii 1934 p. y ie i oepH o pioo ea.

Bi oay 1935 p. i paa oioM pBaHa-oaiy. epea aTepoii, BepeCH 1939 p. -eKpe-apeM aoo oiooiypa epeaHH, pH 1 939 p.- aiyaeM aaHoo ii epeaoo paoHoo B-KoHaoo oie, a epei-ii 1940 p. - CeKpeTap epe-)KaHKo| |coI pa..

ii-pai 1940 p. M. CeaHK CT o oH, o-o a p Kpaoa oae oH . o(..e'')a eH paooo poo (K)oH . a (..Tpo'').Bo apooHya Cea prHaC o oH, i y o-pi aiioa pc iooK poeK opaiaiopaiepaoi Bat aoioTpa. Boe 1 940 p., e-pexoB y pix Cea axioT pai (poi a oo yp-MaHH ia oH)' i ioaa poeKT.

pai 1941 p. epiicoo K oH |. Ki (,.e-ea'') oio M. CeaKa po xaHH poeK.ep)a-Hoo cTpo a p oo o paTHoo KoHa. ioaKy i i Hieo i PCP a M poeKoM oyii o-

a pooo opoa oeoo Caa |4aa.Qpea o20 arya 1944oa //'C pai, . 6, p. 75135-, ap. B.

18

a cBopa opaH Bat, ic poooeHH A 0 ep- 1941 p. M. CeaHKa pHaeo oio . Peea _ e-a.,.QepxaHoo ypo'' p |-i oH' epeci 1941 p' PeeaaapeBa ii, i Cea oi oo oa.

1941 - 1 943 pp. i ooBa aaiy pKpH o- ii - K oH

,.a Ha', , a6o K oH a axioypai-

X eM (). Hapii 1941 p. M. ee. (,.Pya',) ioo o Ka. oH. M. Cea pa aT 1-,2-i 3-oepeix oH, a a Tpeoy Beo Haaoy o-pi oH epi 1943 p. y opa eo oooT Pa oH.Bi pa aT y looi aoT ioi oiix.oKMeH-i oH, oKpeMa x, o yiya, pHai ..|te iH''. cepei pH 1943 p. M. Ceaa yo KeHo i ay oH a aiao P. yxeeM Ha Bo 5, .,e i ao paaKH a .|Ho| |'l'

poooax.,oi M. Ceaa i ao i-KaTe: oo iopai i pa oH, Tpei Haa Be- ip oH, opeH HBPO' ioi aHH, o 1942-1944 pp. ooopa a aiax e oH. Ceapa ya io ax ai.aH i i..o oHo oapa-Kepa poec TopeH A, o o.o oo ei L]oH. axa Ha e, o ii H oaoM a,Ba)Ko epeoi Ha.a iopai'

l-]io poyio, o Ha MoMe ape M. Ceaa iiHKBC i HK o1|/1a Be He o., eTo yai oH iA,oM Ma eBHe eHH po i opaiaiT. oa, cae i C-aHKa Bo Bepe TaKoM ooM oi ia po io-pi ope iioi ypaioo ii, opoi po o-o pKpy i epii, po B cey poo oH 1 940-1 944 pp.

i HaMaa aee ie opa oy i -opai a BoHoaC aoH a ape epia oH iA aoo ooo pa _ ix oiix oioe o.ooo, ai oaaHTKo Meo, e yo. pa aoo pay He Hapa o cy 6 , M. CeaK ooMaa i -HaBaT 6yaci oH i A, ioi oo HoBoTa,epeBo i oa.,o Kea i aa.',

' po,o.o, opoa oeoo Ca gaa.pea o20 aya 1944oa // C pa, . 6, p. 7515-' ap, 9-1 1 '' oaoee [aaa Ceeoo oea paBeH no opec a.,o HKB.Q CCP aopa oeoaoc Caooo. B eap1944.] //D'C pai, ' 6' p.7515.. ap. 154-155.

19

26 epe 1947 p' Bio pa i MBC K.oT oai aB M. CeaKa a c.. 54-1,,a'' a 54-1

.| Kpi-HaHoo oeKy (KK) PP o o ip oapa _ popi-y 7. oa 23 ep 1947 p, Bioa oei Bepooo CyyPP' oa Ha . 3 ay peiT Bepxooi Pa CPCPi 26 paH 1947 p., aia pocpi a 25 poi paHo-pyo aopi (B) u.

oapa i iya y iao aopi (Kapaa.Kaoa, Kaaxa). ic cepi . Caia Haa ia cKapy pii icai, oa epe.0, pa, o.HaK apo. -e 8 i 1961 p. pei Bepxoo Pa PCP oaaoo i a Hoo yi, a 12 i i y ie. o.ep M. Cea ]3 oo 1967 p. .... 3 i 1995 p.poKypaypa Pieoi oai peaiiyaa oo.

Hacy y i poieioKMeH apioi pia-oi pa a aca ea Maoa' Hapoc i1922p' . Xopi (i ocpoKoo paoy PiecoToa-i) y ei poi. 1936 p. ai 7-piy i Ko,a ai Haa capi oi a paBa Koei. 1 938 p.16.pi HaKoM i o poao ypao icopoiiepap a y 'y i oi 3aapai paTi' i -Xa o a i cpoya HeeaHo epe a epopi a-Kapa. y apa, oae o . y. Ta oo o-ra ypaii oiii a ai oooo KoMaHyaHH K-paToi apii 3aapao pai _ ..Cii,' i epea i. oiepeoi Ko.

o .1 939 p. oMa.aHH ..Cii', Hapao oo a a-aH o ioiepo Ko. He.oi i ya ox opM, y opae i opa ooH. i

-1 939 p. o-o pao i pai ooHeH opi epea i.. e . a oHB Bii, e oaKy iya y aaopiT,a oi iei oiepci oi, opei a ac oH. Ta y pyi 1939 p' i y o oH 9 '

3ai y oai 1940 p. Ko i opa aHHeeaa ieoi apii, e. a oixa y i iycyo Kpaoa. i e, oy ai oix opaiaix e-

poop [Boeoo paa o B. Kec oa. 26 Maa1947 ;] //^c pai, . 6, p. 7515-, ap, 209-210 .- opeee Ns 3/5-2524 [Boeo Koe| Bepooo Ca CCCP23 1947 ,] ///.C pai, . 6' cp.75135-' ap. 215-2.l 5 .

' pooo opoa a Ee Mxaoa. 2B-29 ep 1944 oa// ACpai' ' 6' p' 75133-, ap. 14-.l6'

20

piHKiB, i e io a y o ieoT api, a a a-o epoi i o oaTK i Hietl PCP opMaBiaoy .ooMoy it paKoo l-]epaoo Koiey(K).

i 194.l p. i oepy o pioo ea. pHoepe ic Pie o6ac KoMeHaH eao ypa-o oo.ioi opaiai ..Ci'' ..oca,' pHa oo oe -

aHoM iei opaiaii o oacoy paoy. oa )e epep i ii poia, i epe e. a paa eKce-opoM Kooepai y . opo[ a oo HoBy oepyBc oo.

epei 1942 p ' oo aapeaa iea oii a B-HyaeHM pHae)Koi o oH i eeppt ieoiapii. .Qo oa a 1942 p. e. a HaoBc y 'i Pi-o, y aoo aye ,o MepHo ap a epeeeo oaopy oy . yi Tyoo paoy Pieooai, i pao i 25-a 'HM eoi i. e-pexoyBaBc aa a ix poi 10 .

ii 1 943 p' i cy A, a oo ca HaaHKoMay 'eHaH (iii) ..Xoo P'', o Bo.,a o Ka.Ko eepaoi ioo oKp A. Ma a oKoB-a A, eoi ..opoope'', ..KoMaHie''. 7 epe1944 p', i a poBeeH eio-icooT oepai pao-i , Xopi, oo yo tapMaHo 11 , peeo o Pioo, a i- eaoBaHo o Kea, e i o 1 0 i epeya B'H-i HK PP 12.

.Qo oei apxio piaoi cpa, ii x.ayec epioopaH o pyeH 1949 p' 1, oeo po-oKo ory e. aa i28-29 epeH 1944 p. (44 op. a-o). Bipoio, y epei 1944 p' ipoi HK! po-oM.oc KopoKoo ay ieHo oBa e. aa ci oo aaxii ioii _ i iopaiT io iooe poA _ e B oH pooKo.

po aryi ae ' poi oo > e. a iieaa aK: '.... Bepec ic

-1 944 poy aKT Ho opo po- a "oH-A',, a e a )KopoKo ei o|c,

10 pooo opoa a e Maoa. 28-29 ep 1 944 oa//'^C pai, .6, p.7513., ap. 18.19.l' pooo aepxaH' [7 cep 1944 ,l // r\^C pai, 6'p' 7513-' ap. .l 57.

12 pooo opoa oeoo aa Ee Mxaoa o5 cep 1949' //cpai, .6, p.751-' ap

.104.

r e. ac aapeoa opaa M! PcP 12 paH 1949 p. yoi.

21

B Bix Mo[ poi. ox aa ..oH-A" a a)Ko opae... . poi po a.oH-A' ai-K MeHe caao i i' a )opoKo o- ei a e, 6 Mo Ma, cecp, ox pai, apeey i e-oHopaoo H aMax i a or )'' 1a .

19 oaa -l949 p. ooa Hapa.a p Miicpiepe-e CPCP Haa e. ay oKapaHH a .. 54-2' 54-1 1 a206-17,,a'' KK PP _ 25 poi BTT r5 , e i iya y Ceooyi iao aopax (Kaaxa). epio XpoKoi,,i''oici peii Bepxooi Pa CPCP po, pa a oi,B'HeX y KapaallKoM BTT' 28 TpaBH 1956 p' iae. aa, HB Hoo cyi 16, a .| 0 BepeH 199.1 p. po-Kpapa PCP peaiiyaa oo.

.[ai y i ieHo poooi oi opaiao.pi A a oi _ A. aoi (',Mopi',)a M. aa (..eo-pa''). lx axo 29 py 1944p' y xoi eio-ioooepaii . Bacoi epieoi oai. iac apMaHH,o e opa oo, aa, i aao ix ii-i y ai yai, HaMaaac oi aoyo i .pia coi oo. Baxoopaey T pe epi i i o-o iya iapi'

aa Apeii popi Hapo.a 1912 p. . Caopa (i epreoi oaci) poi iaa, ioa a ocoTHo (aa opo pai i ep). ai-H 1932 p. TeKy eiapi . ooai (Pyyi), Ap-eii .l 0 poi paaa eKolo. Pyya a'a ao-poHa HaaHH Koa Kpa|HcKo MoBolo' ae BoHa BpoBea poiy pooy i aaa ie ypaio[ o a y-p, epe o i ao epeo ol-|oo i poo aIHe.

oXe, A. aa oTpo iya a oi aioae pv1|1|/1-x

Haoa KpaiHM' Ki pTa aH| _ A. oo'C. opxo, . ap, . |J-{epao, oo ooap-aa i ooa _ eaM oapTa ypaix ei.pai ..yKoa',. Ha poxaH y 1940 p. BoHa ii opaioy-aa cepe iceoo HaeeHH ip eaei, o.t],ya po-e (ipa 35 c' e) aapeoBa paTxaioaii. L] oa oa aopTe o oapi.

Haei 1941 p. A. aa oaoa eHa oH(). apaae (..opKM'') a l. Kopao ('.|ao''), x l-{oH pa a o|-l. poo cepe iex pai i,ipoio, Meo op opaiai oH. Bo Ka cC-K Mai oH' o K K i A. ay. poo194-1 p. . apaa pi p..o ei, pBo iepaypy poepeK ix oH(M) i oH().

Ha oay 1942p' pMHKa oii aapeaa epi-22- ei oH, oyaa Kapp A' ao, ae |ooe BB|a. a c a oi, a Ka oM caa a.apeoaH y ' 1 050 e i poK XapBa, a e-pei 1 942 p' Ha poaHH aapeoaoo epia pooy oHyo M, Kooa ('.Koap',) xaa o ' , e i e-peya a iai i oiya y. A. aa p.aa. Ho-o o, aa poyi i oooa epi 1942 p' e i-Kap| a HKHT ..

M. Kooo apooya ixa a yoy' BoHa o-oac, i . ypaHe oH ypi HoM poiooH o.Q. po (,.opo,'), pCaH a L{oH()' a i iia, 3aa Ha e, o pMHKaoii poKaa A. ay, T pao .,KoapeM'' a oo-Moo.Q' Haopa (,.a',) a . y'HeHKa (..Kp,,), i i.-oia a 'oK i oyicKM aHKa a i yo-H, HeeaHo epepaBv|v| ay.

Ta o B'a KoocKM oKp poiHKoMoH B. Apyo (..Piape',' ai ypi A..Piy-HoM'') Ta 'Koo L{ oH .,oapKo'', Ka 'oooa a-HoBv| B'oK L{ oH y oi. A. aa ypia e-o l-{ oH apaae, K oiio p ii o oH aHapaB poop)eHH HaaHKa 2-o i.q.i oH. Capyxa (..C oo'' ). e ii ooB i i,t],oKMeH ei oH, a pKap, e oo a acopiepoex /],epaB i CPOP' i oi A. aa aoBHaa.

coai-pyi 1942p. ii pooa HoBy X ape-i ypaCKX aioaii. oi epe ix yioepi

2

oH y aapeoai |. Ki a . Capyx. o HKHapeT, A. aa epa.o ea oH . apaaa, ipeKoMeHa i oixa.,o oo pi . Kox a Cp-i. oa M. Kooo (a o ac _ pai peepeHTp po.aaH ioo K oH) apool.{Ba ixa HM oKooi, o oa aaH K oH _ aHo B'oK poooM oH yoH a oo oo. A. aa ooa-c Ha poo|.

Bo py o poiHKa Caiaoo oacoo po-oy oH . Mea (.,Poepa''), i a oo poxaH, aT 10-eoy oi oio i paox poii oHp Kooo oKp)o pooi oH: A. aa BKa-aa ieooi, a M, Kooo _ oi iopi. Kpi oo, o- opaiyla B|ttaH epoo Hoepy ae '.MeeM'' _ op-ay yoHcKoo poo oH. aey HalpKBa HaKaoM2' pipi, Kx 1 ,5 . epepaB a yoy (e-oiy BpyB i M. Kooo), a 500 ipa l-{ oH.

.ai A. aa Kaaa ieooi a aiap paB Haoi ., io-ei oH, opaioa oio poi.-KoM oH C ..KpoBo'' ' Bi pa 14 i, oopo 9 oci. epei .l943 p. . Me HoB BKKaBA. ay.o Caicaa i op poe i 9 xio.3o.o oHa poea e a BKo io Mepe Cai-aKoo i aoo oii oH 17. 3aao A. aa oipoBea 14 pix oi 140- 1 50 oi 18 '

ii 1943 p. BoHa opMaa oioeH i M. Kooapo acoi ape yai oH a yoi, oy i aai a-ac ai. Ha poa M' Kooa, K oH a 33 .a A. ay peepeo yo, ioiaHo a B'-o i ao i yoo, a iao peepeH oopoBo ,.ac', i 60 c. oTX, a i yo ayeo iaHo a yoy iepayp. A. aKa aKo) opa op-aiai Mepe)K ea Ha epopi, peo[ o yo,a iaa poi i 'o pooo oH yo.

pyi 1943 p. aa iaa po ape M. Kooa ioiopyaa po e Caiac o6ac poi i K oHa 33, p pie Maoo lpv|lHv| iiyocoo poBoy oH, a A. ai a a.'aH p-|1 o opaiaiioo epexioH a ai. pooo y.

17 pooo opoca. [9 apa 1 945 ] / / '^ C pai' , 5' p, 67446,a. B..l4.

r8 poooopoa. [25 1945.] //!!'Cpi, .5, p.67z6'ap. 80.

24

o opaioao HaaHH. )iHoK' i ac Koo A. aa po-ea a Ko, ioya 7 ipyopi, Hapa Boii oacl.

aep opaiai ioo poo BoHa He a, oci-K ii 1944 p, a o oa epi Peepypoiix ,i (..P-3'') oH M. ee, K OHa iaapao |. eeoeM (,..[io',, ayi epio i-oo oKp A a .[pooi) a 'KoM

..po''. oi A. aa ypia opaiaopo A aio. (..Apieo,'), a o,o _ ia pai M. eee.

M. ee oio A. ay po Te' o poi oe-Koo poo oH ..pea'' pooaB epeoop pyMHaM' 'Ky T eoxio yo piT H/ Ta epe.a -o oH o pyyo Ba. L{i o Bo.t],.o oo,o p p. Ha opo oH a Cpae,y, i-H ypai oix 'i B'H, HaB ypaiaioao MeHHo Pyyi, oo copT Ha ep-opiT o i eapaii ypae yepaopco oi- ip ypaTx i, epKo Ta pK, HaB pai-K epa ( a iT ope) Ti ei Kop.oHa.

M. ee poa A. ay po Mo)Jli aapv1 Mopya ypaloo pt yo, Ko oo -HHT cpi yMo. A. aa Haaa.eKia aa-Tp, KM M. ee oo.. Bi opy opya K-pa p pai ooxeHH oo aHH pya. o-pi oo, M. ee op A. ai ic ic iiixa a yoy i opaiya aM oyicy epey, oipaoM ,.peo'' B'ia Pyyi i a oooo pyyi, -oi oo.T Ha BMo oH' ooBT aop e-i oH. M. ee ooi A. ai ayoy Ta poo lo oMaoi peepeyp.

Heoi A. aa xaa a CaiaH, e ypia- . Meo, epeaa epio ioo epee o-acHoo poBo. oH i.ii ..aaHi,', a oi xaa aKooy. Ta oa oiopMBaa..pey'' po opai iM. ee ai. ..pea'' pooi po ypii pyoCopoo a epeoop, o iy a yaci peai oH. 3oo A, aa aHaaa' o pMH ooCHa Mo oH oo aeeeHH KyTpHX pa paT-i, ae io HaT yoy i eapai pa-M eM, Haoa a epeei i.ep)aH opoi1939 poy.

25

i aieH epeoopi peTaBH oH ixa ay, o ooic po peya a opMa o.a-i ai i M' ee. le a A. aa oiyaa Kyp'e-pi aepiaa i M. ee, a6 .]a Pyyi o ..pe-

M'', oHaK 'oK yo epepaHo19. B o a pooaa ac-y epoa api, i po io a axi.

26 epe 1944p. A. aa ooo oxopoo (.l0oi) pya Ha yo, .0.e pooaa copeHH ooi opa-iaioi epei oH a aoi A 20 . CaMe po e epio e- y aepiaax, iex y i. Haaa A. ao iop-ai ia ' o oa epHo pooia po prypy i ya.i ii a yoi, HaaB oHai 200 oci. aeexHe t,aH Ka.ae ooi oHa KapHa BopeHH i io-i oH i A a yoi 1943-1944 pp.

opao A. aa ya aapeoaHa HKB o ep-iei oai 1B i 1945 p. Tao ya ceia pa-o cio ce _ e pMa B'H ie oiioo apey, Haaa 'a i opa iMo)oi, a xe oi oiio aapeoya. 31 ep1945 p. Bio pyao i HKB epieo o-aci oa ya ay)ea a c.. 54--1 .,a'' a 54-.l .l KKPCPopopiy 21 .

oa Bicoa oei Bepxooo Cy CPCP pie i1 0 xo 1945 p. '

.. o a, o a)Kea aa o-

ooa paHK opaHaM iiaii iio opaiaiioH a epopii yKoH'', aia popi a 10 poi BT 22 .Biooe po ii oa o y pai eao.

Hacy y i ieo Br poooi.oi i-CKooo peepea yocoo poBoy oH, opaiaopaiex i.poii aa Moa Iao. Hapoi 1 920 p. B M. B epieo oaci ei po-i. 3ai iai iapxieype e epix. 1939 p.paa popao a yiei ii HKBC . ei B.)HKoo paoy a iyoi iooo icea.

19 pooo opoa. [9 apa.1 945 ] //\^c pai, . 5, p.67446'ap' 15-17.

20 pooee opoa ao A. [10 pa .l945

,1 //^ C pai'. 5' p. 67446, ap' 21'

21 poop [Boeoo pyaa o HKB.Q epoo oa.3 1 ayca 1 945 .] / / ^ paT' . 5, p' 67446, ap.

.| 1 3.1 14 .

22 onpeeee Ns 6342 [Boeo Koe Bepxooo Cya Coa CCP10 op 1945 .] // C pai, . 5, cp. 67446, apK.

.l 19.

26

i aay Hie a CPCP ac e poo, Bc- o oH()' oTpMa e.oi ..i',, oa aaT ooH() HoB yaHi, ao caB po eii, a-.x ix a ipa i. He.oi M. aya aape-yaa pyHKa oii, ic picoo epeya y'i . epii' oo i epe eoeei oy-aeHH. Haai i i aoM pMyHco oiiI y. Bx i aioaio poo He pooB.

Boe 1942p' a pooie epiKa pooy oH() y-KoH.,. pa (,.Tapa,') M. ay yio o ca oo po-oy a ca oo opaiai peepeoM. poo ocei1942 _ BeH .l 943 pp. o opeo HoB epexyoH (aie_ y Bo' BaoBcKoMy i CopoeKoy paoax). Ha-ei 1943 p. pMH aapea .,apaa,,, i cepHi 1943 p.poi oo ..Koap'' (..Boop''). Hapii 1943 p. BHaC-io ox Mao apei paKHo e pol.o, i ao eHlBoH() opa a paT, ii e oKpei ii 2

oa M. aa apae i epio i e-peH 1944 p., oMeH oB a yo i A. a oi, a p -Haa oo opaiai peepeo yoKoo po-oy oH, opytlJ oy ioeHH opaiaii oH a op-MBaHH aoi A poeeH aoT opo paolo Bao.

oiio M. a aapeoa 20 ep ]945 p., ao Too oo aox Haaa MaKcMaF|o opca ' 22 ce-p .l945 p. Bio pa i HKB epieo o-ai ay M ' ayKa a CT.c. 54-1,,a'' ,54- 1

.| KK PCP o po-piy. Bpo yo oao 11 )KoH 1945 p. y epi 2a.23 epe 1994 p. poypaypa epreo oai aaM. aa aKM, o ay.QKe opyoBao i peaiiati e|.o'ae'

Hay y i poiei B||1 poooi oi y-piooA. icoo (..cpoo,'). oo yo apaHo a-)KKo opaHe (oo iy oy aMyTya) . op poi-HHKoo paoy Tepoio oai 7 i, a oiio a-apeoao27 ci.l 945 p.25.

2 pooo ooa. [4 ap 1945 ] // C pai, . 5, p. 67447'ao,7-14'

2a poop IBoeoo pyaa o HKB.{ epoo oac.22 aryca 1 945 ] / / c pai, . 5, p. 67 447' ap, 84-84 ., 88 '

25 pooo aepaH. 7 ap 1945 oa; oaoee (a ape)|27 ap 1945 ] / / cpai, ' 5, p. 67444' ap' 4' 6'

27

ic poca Mao HapoBc 1921 (a i-M aHM _ 1 920) p. , Tocee Kooo oiy (iopioo paoy) a epoii ei poi. i- aieH eaoiHoo eiyo H 1941 p' paaBTeeM oaooi Ko . o aoeoo paoy. o-i opa.o ieKoo KoHaopy oy Pioo, ii i oo 1943 p. BoBa A 26 , poo i po-Boo o oaH.pa py. 3a ie. icoo e i-K Mo)KHa poe) oo ap'pe poaH A, a po.iya ii oo aoi epoii i Ka'e-oii oax.

12 oo 1946 p. Bio pya i HKB epoi-o oaci acB . ioo a ..54-1..a'' a 54-1]KK PP o popiy. Bpo yo o ao 24 i 1946 p. 27 .28 ep 1993 p. Cyoa oei piaHX cpaaxTepo-ioo oaoo epeHa piay pay i eaa ia peaiiai . ioo.

.Qye axBM e Br pooKoi.oi o. oo,o.,Hoo ool{ opaiaopi A, iopai Koo HaceHaia aa iopii ypaTcoo iioo py 1930-x- -l 940-x pp. Oecap Apio HapotttB 1 91 0 p. . oapi CaiaKoo oiy (i _ Kay pao |a-o-paicoi oai) ei poi. 1932 p. i ai- CaicacKy iai, e pa ya pooi ooixaioaicH opaiai, a HaHoo poK epi Cai-aBKoo oKpHoo poo oH M. Cei ay oo .,ooH.

192- 193 pp. o. B oi apii, a oe- 1933 p. a ya oH y acye o 6 poi 'i.poe MaB pooo B ooaci pei, i o. a io-MM tllpoK Koa ypaTa. oy 1938 p. oo yo i-HeHo, o.HaK oaeo.e pa. i oo i poxay ' oapi, paa KaHepiT ooapi. epei 1 939 p.oo oopHo aapea a aioaiy ii, i .o17 epec 1939 p' i epeya Caiai 'i'

i pxo epoo apiT iie B'Hi,o. y, a oo oa, pa ay ac caoeiiex opai paoT Ba y . oapi a e 1B ea.

26 pooo opoa. [7 ap 1 945 ] / / C KpaiH' . 5' np. 67 444'ap. 1 1 .

27 poop [Boeoo yaa o HKB. epooco oac1 2 epa 1 946 ] / / ^ c pai, ' 5' p. 67 444' ap',1

.1 5- 1

.1 6' .l 32

28

Miee aeeH opao oo eeao o Hapox opi yoi, i p pie po prHa axio paT oPP oepyC.'o pioo cea, o. y oa aB poBcT o ioo yiepe, o,HaK' o.y a oape, oai

.1 939 p. i o Kpaoa, epHC.0.o epea-p KoieyooMo pa ie . Capxa ipoo-i oy po CBo a oH a Caiai.

Kpaoi oi epeao ao iox ypacx alo-aici, oKpeMa' eH oH() P. yxe, B. Cop, B. Ky,o. oo, i poo HaHy opaiaopK pooy -Ko aioaic|H|/1 api i i.,oo o opo po pa-o Ba a paTK .ep)aHi. . Cap HapaBo. oo B poop)KeH epia icooo iioH() l. Kpeicoo. o. B a KoeKyaiioo iioe oH, ai 3-ici yp iooKoMaHoo Ka aoi ( oia oyii) ypa-IHcKol apM||.

epei 1 940 p. oH HapaB o. yoo a epopiPCP o K oH a 33 (. i), e i y pae Ha o-ay epia CaicaKoo oKpyHoo poo oH. -oai 1940 p. a poopxeHHM epiaioo K oH.[. Mpoa (..opa,,) i oepc.o Kpaoa, ,e po.opooy y iooy iii oH, ai 4-ii Kp ioo Boo KoMaHHoo a oH.

Ha oay epe 1941 p. o. y pao i ya-HKat oH a o . Hoaep (Hiea), e opyaaypaia ioa acHa _ pi i. e. Kooa (aa-o ,,Haxia'') i epio P. yxea28. 3 oao i-MeKo-pa.oT i o, y ai oo ipoipa yac y oxoi epopie pai. ic poopMaHHiei ac (cepe 1941 p.) oo yai pe o Kpaoa,a i., _ o Hoaepa i paypa-a-oepi, e o'ra i oi ypai ipoio ..Po'' i epi-o eea oiyoo' .{e a ii Haa ix ioipai, a y epel 1 942 p., opya yMaHaaao20.| , apaI o iopyi a )e HapKii oo x poK po-, oi ooo ca io pooBa yy.o. , i aao ix, i poaBaHH aaoy i e-pexoBaB y oi.

28 Haa Kpi i' e' Kooa e a oiio K peJo i aa 20]aao, o oaaa ao 201-i oxopooi iii. .Q.: l.K. ap,Bicoa ii oH() 194-1942 poa. Ki' 24' Q-r' 374,

29

ii-pai .l 943 p. i 'a io peepeo oH P. yxee i pooa aKTH poory oH o ico-i iii, po o e pooKoax oo oi. i 1943 p.P yxe opB oy op paiK HapoH aooo-poy (HC) ai Ha paoK aoi A, i xe i a Bo-i. a ooi opo poio a o. poi HaH po-o opaiai pox aoi, ioo HC yo epeeo-aHo B A-axi, epM KoMaH.po oi a o. y 29.

! oo oKaaH xapaepi ioi i oi, He -aKoBo x o - ai epe ycix ix y i. BooacaHaMo, o MoeH apMaHH 26 ci i o 29 epBH1945 p. o. y pB cix, HaaBc oape Ao-o ApiooM, ie epe ' ii paa aa io-a HK,[. a e a ii oH a aoH A i CeMB' a HKHy Mo BeK pa,

Coay o. yoo ypMya y Caiai 'i,a oi epee o Ka. 1 0 ep 1 946 p. Bio py-a i M BC paiKoo oKp acl oo o pocpiy 30 .a a apli piai cpai oKMeHa, BpoKKoHaHo 13coaa 1946 p. 31. i oy pao ea-eHocT| paB epea opa poKpap | .'' aeo. yoo e peaiia.

Pao o. y 26 i 1 945 p. ya apaa oo py-a - a (ica) i etopia, Ka Haa aaox e-pii ii i paa aKH a oo pooi 1936 p.'epaa xIHoo Mpee Ta opaiaio peepeypo o-poKoo oiooo poBo oH

' a o

.l 93B p. a aape-oaa | a.)ea oCo a.,o. epei .| 939 p.' i-Hc 'i, oHa oepHac y Piey oa, a oai oo ) poK paoM i yaHKaM oH epeaKop.o i .,iaa Kpaoa. Ta paa aT pooi oH ioo api HapaeHH Ha epopi CPCP 1940 p.aia Kyp pai.pyaK|, Kaa a FJ1 lHyai oH poiK MoB, o ooia io, Cae oioa oHaoa o. V.

29 pooo opoa oeoo oapa Aoa Apea. 29 1945 oa, op. Ke // \^C aT, .5' p. 67418,' 1, ap. 131-137'

0 poop IBoeoo pyaa o MB., aoo oKpa. 1 0 aa1946 ] // \^c pa, .5, p. 6741B,'3,ap.234.237 '

3r Haay oea .A'' M CCCP [peeae Boeo KoeBepxooo Ca CCCP eepa-oKoHK c . p. 1 3 op 1 946 ];Boo o apii piai pai N 32518 a oo A.o., yy ../ / ' KpajH, . 5' cp. 67 41 8, . 3, ap' 245, 246,

0

Biy 1941 p. y cai ,,cepeo'' oxioi p oH iao . Baci, e y epei

.l941 p. ya aapeoaHa i,i o ci 1942p. epeaa y Kpaii 'i. i i-eH . ya pyao Pioo, e Baoa 'oK Ke.pio Bocoo K oH .. KiK (,.Ko Ca.po'') i poo 1942-1943 pp. paaacpooi pooy' HaiI appi poxo' op poo, oa iaa epec-y opaiaioi iepayp i oa.o Kea. .[. KiHaoa Ha oy, o oa ooa xioy epex oH a Bo-i, oa . a ya caa ic Hapo.QeH i eMoa pa ooiy yac i pooi.

epei 1943 p, ii aapeTya . yy, ae y ii, i oa Ho ia y ii, BKaaa Ha opeHHe Kypax ioo MeHX Kapi A a oii. pyi1 943 p. pixaa o oa, .,e oMy 1944 p, ioyaa 6 pa-oK epiKa oaoi peepep oHM. ee. Biy 1944 p' ae epooi api BoHa pa-o ooio ixaa Kapa.

i a apMaH . a, i TI ooi, pxoaa oecpax pie, i aaa ye ie. Ciy eBao oiac po e, i22pa-l945 p. Bico py-a i HKB Caiaco oai ay a pieye ac.20-54-1..a', KKPCPo 10 poi BT2' oo,Ko Be 'cyao, i ay .pe _ pao ooio _ ioy o 10 poi BT

.Qo eii pooo oi . oi, i oo-H iopai po iic ii ooia, a aKo) po Ti oo-ry yac oH i A, oKpeMa, aiapoy oi , Koa opaiyaa a Boi. opi oo, i pa yx o - ieo pooKo oi oi, i ope HaIA Tx i o a-paKeya x KoKpeH ac A.

Hacy y i poieo B| poooi ory o-aHpa oro oKpy A.,Tpi,' a 'aH p A ..3a-

oc'' Ceaa lopi oecapoe'a,axoeHoo B ooH26 i 1945 p. KKo xBopM a . Bi apoc 17 )oH1 920 p. c. Kopi CeeiKoo paoy Boo oai ycei poi'.o 14 poi x aa' Bc y iiKoi, i aie o paa y aa a ooapi.

195 p. ' CeMayK Haa pai iaiT y-y. pai 1939 p. oo paoM iopi pao Cea.

2 poop [Boeoo paa o HKB.( Caao o6ac.22 a 1945 '] // ^ C paT, . 5' p. 67418, .2, ap' 250-250 ,

31

KoM Ceao, eHoM oH, aapeaa oKa oii aiopo yai y oyio iil, o.HaK epe a i Ix t-H|. . CeaK oepHBc o ai . Kopi, .,e ipo. paoi Ba paa iopa i eKpeapeM |-oi pa, a oi poo)K HaBaH y iaiT yy.

iaii rypo yi, i oaeMHo Ba iepaypyoH a cKBa po Mo)

Bi xa ix i i aaa a i paeH i a- pooy oyix opaiai .

. ceay oTxa y Bocy oa. |xa i a aaxiipaoM eHa oH . Capo, B. Kyo, !. MaI. oo-poi o oao, pooop. Ky apooya Ce-MayK iia HM a xi pa'i, o oo.c' HeaapoM BoHolH||c Xopi, e po Ceaya iHa HaaHK oe-paoi p eTao Kae, op a oo iopai. KaeB TMai opi apooHa CeaK a oo epe-aaeM' To e xoi i, ipo B' Ka, oixa o Pioo oTo . Cea. Pioy i ypi epio oH a B. Poi i oia ic . Kopi. Ta i iHa-, o ypai

-l941 p. oo ai Bca|n ooa, epi 1941 p. . Ceay pxa y y i y pa-

e ico peepeo oacoi ooioT opaiaioH ,.Ci'' a. Ko y epei ii oa epeiyBaHH eioH() i poy ..Ci'', . CeaK oBepHB.o pio-o cea, ooM peo Ha HeeaHe aHoe i a pa-eHHM yoo opy>Kl-|oo poi.,a oH A. Kepa (..a'', ..e-

pa'' ) oaTKy oo 1 942 p. paaB ico peepe -o KoeKoo oKpy>Hoo poBoy oH' pa a ac aai ooi a opyai aoi A5.

oe, . CeayK To i oi iooo yi-Ha oH()' a pooKo oo oi aoie i- TBopeH a ii A a Boi, a aoiaii 1943 p. (y i ieo aKo)< pooKo oi ii ycpai . Ceaa, i iep a Maooo BLH|-eHH oi eHaM oH i oa A).

axo . CeaKa, paHi eyx ee-o oo Kopa. 3ayK HapKoMa piix pa PCPeHepa-eeaT. Cpoa 8 i 9oo 1945 p' oooo-a oo. a oaa . CeMayKa o aoeo ieepea epia A-ii.{. KicKoo 36. i9 oo . CeayK HaaB iopai, .o o

.| 9 o..40 x. yo aieo, a acHoo H pooaa oepai HKBC,

pooo .opoa oHeoo Cea p Aeapoa... o8.o epa 1945 oa //'Ac pai, . 5, cp. 67424,ap.7-16'

4 pooo opoca oeoo Ceay p Aeapoa o9-o epa 1 945 oa / / c paT, . 5, p. 67 424, ap' 24-.

5 pooo opoca oeoo Cea p AeaHpoa o20-o epa 1945 // ,^C paT, . 5' p. 67424'ap' 41-42'

6 pooo opoca oeoo Ceay p Aeapoa o9-o epa 1945 oa // 'C paT, . 5, c. 67424, ap 3B-4,

33

HaCi.oK Koi .1 2 oo.{. KlcKoo o o. i pooo cep oopaie aoo, icay pie Ce-MaKa, poKl,a eax iiax. 3oo . CeayKa Bo-I4 Bca Ha iax epe HaeeHHM po oH i A'o Heo eBH eopaiai Cepe oi A, i ope a- CeaKa.

poe e e oo e BpTao. 6 ep 1945 p. Biopa i HKB KTo oaci ay . Ceayaa .c. 54-1,,a'',54-1 1 KKPCPo popiy 37. Bpo yo o-ao 5 olJ .t945 p, 8 . 6 pa .l996 p. poKpapa Bo.oT oaci Baa . CeayKa TaKM, o ace o-pHoBaHo a e iae peaiiaii.

Ha i ieo Br poooioi pa-i epa i Mo., apMaHX pao i ii-a 4 epH 1945 p. ..[e' Hoo-CpiaKoopaoy.{poooi oai 39 '

fll epo oaaco Hapo 1916 p' c. Kapi (Pa-a-Py pao io oaci) poi eHHa. 1 933 p.

'o i HaaB Paa-Pyi iai, aB aHKoM Moo-ixoi oyico opaiaii. Hayoo poy oo ii aape-oBa, pa i apo y oi, o.HaK i. 1935 p. i poo HaaHHoi, a 1937 p. Bryoi-Koo iyy oioT opli. ii 193B p.' i ac a-oB apei oCKo Ba.t],olo ypao oo.i, oo oyaapea, i i i.i i y 'i' i iHeHHpooxB F{aBaHH, e yo epepaey epei 1939 p.

Ha oay 1940 p. ..[yx HeeaHo epeo pa.H-o-ie opo i . oai ao 'K ieoopaiaie oH. Bioi io oay i i Hieo i PPi oya oo' ToaicKoo oiooo peepeaaa oH.

epi 1941 p. ..{yx oep o . Kapi i epe Paa-Pyoo oiooo poia oH M. py (,.Xaapa,,) cao- 'oK opaiai peepeToM oH B. Kyo (..p-KoM''), Koo paa 'KoBM opaH 1942 p'ic pa-eHH B. Kya pao poio oH a ieo-cxix

37 poop IBoeoo paa o HKB.Q Keo oac o 6 arya1945 ] // ltCpai' .5' cnp.67424, ap. 104-105.

38 Hala 4 oea K Bopoopao oa ooKoHo. Baeo [eHo-apxt oe K p M CP 2/ 1954 '] / / MC ai' . 5' p. 67424' ap. 10Ba.

9 pooo aepxa. |4 1 945 ] / / r' C paT' . 6' cp. 7 262-, ap. 7.7 .

4

KpaiHcKeM (C3) ' p

Heae)KHoci KpaH pa a a poMa.cKo-oiT-oy i, .,ioi paa eepai A' aa i o-ia Mao pa. .t2 o 1994 p. poKpapa KToioai oo peaiiyaa, a 24 xo 1997 p. i oep.

t> Moa oaacov (..Bpo',) Ha oeH ap-aHH ioiaHM peaKopo ioo-oi -a A. Hapo i 1901 p. aKo c. Kapi. Haa iaii, oa.i 191B p. (i opeH 3axi.opaicoHapoo Peyi) cy o ao api (ayo A)'e ai ixopyxoo ) o epe

.l920 p. i io-pKaH A ioBKaM a T peopaHH po.'oB)B -y y pai epox Ciox Cpii, oBa po oi iapii i .1920 p. paoi . i opa ooH.

ic iHeHH aac caooio i 1921 p.' KaeKepoM i a oTpMa.oKMeH po aie ia-i.[, y a iooc aye pacoo yiepce.y y oi, ai 1924 p. i po Moy ii aape-oBaa oKa oii. Bepe _ 1922 p. a a aixpoecT po opi.t],o oKoo Cey, Ko HaHa a-a ypaKoo aee ooaa op. Toi i ic.iy 'i o. i. Bpye oo aapeya 1924p, aHaaHH yiepcei, y oiio aopoe i i-oHa HeeaF|o. epe iopa i oo yo ieo.

B pyi 1924p. M..[yoo pBa a yxyo ooiapii. Ci ii i y p,oM y 26-y iooy oK, oi9 ii HaaB oi ixopy p 6-y opyi . ai. opMa aHH cepxaa i oep o oK, Baii KoHyBaB oo' KoMaHpa po, a epi 1 926 p. yeoiio a i apaxoa o peepy.

.[ai M. y iy 3 oBo poeo ooaco y-paco ooi: i e i a poo a eiaic, oi-K oKa a.a He HaBaa o paioo yiep-e. epe e i ye y .o ooo i-Koo yiepey i. a Kapa, ycio ai y1932 p. [.l-{e ryeo' 1929p. i pa aKBH ac pooiypaioooapa.,pocia'', ay 193.l p. y opa eooo oooo pai' 1933 p. oo |1pHa eKpeape..poi',, a oai oo i epeya o -| 939 p.' apaeHoKoH ii poo exioo xapaep, o a ipoio.

Ha oepxoyepooTapii 3axiypaiy M. epeya y oi, oaK y oi 1939 p.' oy Ha apeluopaa HKBC paix ii, pao pao epo i-

36

a Ha Xoy' e M. Toai aa opaiaie poo..poBi,'. Biy 1940 p. a apoe poeopa B. Kyio-a i a peepeo iiy yypo paiK y Kpaoi.Ta a oaK epH 194.| p. epe yepeHoi Kyioeo K i oepy a XoHy, .e iya, io-a. T aco y 1940 p. paKi opa aapeyBa i ce-v|| . Kapi aip pai lyx (oepa Kaaxai 1942 p. )i paa |aa (oep y 'i).

i oay i ix Hieo iCPCP . !p oep- o oa i paa eKpeapeM

..poi''. Heoi peepepoaa oH() C. ea apooya oyipa- a.epi, i i 1941 p. M. .p

BiT oi BT pooKoiB.oi M. .yxoo. .ec e-peyi po ii A, po oo ya BP' iooi aHA _ xypai ..oaHe'', ..le i H'', .,a aociy pa-y .{epay'', a aKo)K

.. oooo pa H Ka io''.i apaH M. .0,y pa ac epea l.ci-

oM _ oaTK oi, a oi Kri. 4 oo .1946 p. Bi-

o pya ic HKB KToi oai a oo ac.c' 54-1'.a'' a 54-1 1 KK PCP o popiya6. oa Bioaoei Bepooo Cy CPCP 19 i 1946 p. epeHya epie, i, ..e aa pao eoxioi aoyai o.Qyxoo oi ip piaHoo oapa'', aMiHa pocpia 20 poi aopx poia7. 23 i 1955 p. i y ie-, oep .o oa, oHaK e 18 paH oo ) poK o-Mep'8. 1 ep 1993 p. poKparypa icoi oaci peaii-aa M..[yoo.

lai i ieo loKMeH i pa aa Boo.Mpa laoa (ceo ..lpKa''), acryKa epia 6-o (e-peoT) oeoi oKp A. Bi apoB 1915 p. y . pa(Api), e oo ao paBa a aii oeapo. He-oi poa epexaa o epe. 3aiB aM oKiai, B. a y 1935-1938 pp' HaaBc a iooKoMayei ioo yiepey, ao oicaHH, y eo c.eKoo paca y epei, eepeao i o oH, pa aT opaiaiT iy aip aocioi 3aapaoT pa i op. e-pe apoape, oai 193B p. i ixa.o exooa-|H, a i _ Api, e M. Biep Hoa paaB Haaiaioy aoi.

ii-ii 1939 p. i pao i paT pooKpc HaaH ioi cpai aapi, oi y iooy Aax. oi oo yo pHaeo cTap oieaoo oxopoH paoi . paye (Hiea), a p-i 1939 p. epeeeHo o . Caoa-Bo (oa). pai194.1 p. i y oiioa .o ieo api, poo i.o-oBK . Hoaep i cy y aaoi ..Haxia''. ic po-

a6 poop IBoeoo pyaa o HKB.[ Keco o6a.4 epa1946 ] //l.t'c a, .6' p.7517-' ap.336-345.

a7 opeeee Ne 3/5-1 1 69 [Boeo Koe Bepooo Ca CCCP,1 9 ape 1946 .] //c pai, .6, p.75173.' ap.368-368 .

a | . paTa paBa opa i ooi, (ip ae, coai). _i' 2002. _ 1 . - . 535-536. oei po peaiiai M. .Qpoo oKooaaeo' o oo ieo 23 pa 1 955 p. (A C pa, ' 6' p. 75173-, ap. 43O . ).

8

ycK ocaHHoo' oai 194.1 _ epei 1942pp. pooaaHH (. payp.a-oepi) i poox yy KoMaH-poM Boy, po y yMaaaaoi 201. Hapii1942 p ' eeppa ieoi apiI, po)aB y . Ca po-acKoo oiy (oa, o i 1943 p.)' . i (o ep1944 p')' c' Tpi Ko..QopocKoo oiy (oa, ,o e-pec 1944p,)' . api Hxo-cpKoo pao, c. aiai c. Pi'a Cpiioo paoy.Qpooo oai.

Ayii A B. a pooa yepei 1944 p,,i oo, ycpi yoi o. yoo, op apooBaoy a B CTBopeHHi aoi A a epei, eB. a y io ieoy HaceeHH i a ie aciyio BKoHa ii. Cae a aKM pHoM opaH|o-ya ipoi A. a Boi (. CeaK), Tepoi-i (o. oo), papai (B. Apy). B. a Txaoepe, aHo 'oK epio epecoo o-acHoo pooy oH() B. aaco (.,opao'') i pc opoo,

oa i eoo aac ie pao' i poepoo apiT a epopi epeH, cepi-epeci1944 p.' i o Co ii, ixa o pix ' a-pi, epe p xi - . aia, a e epe p xi _ c. Pi'a, e paBa ee cici oaoi oi a9.

Cxoe Ha e, o B. a, o a iei poe ( a aypai p)H i a), e i i e xoi pa aKHy yac A, paHB eaiyaci MpHM )KM. poe poHoo ia pai ceopa , i 21 a 26 .|945 p.B. a, a e epe ' i i oo ppHa y aapeo-ai50.

3a poo Biooo pyay i HKBC io o-aci i 3 xo 1945 p. B. a y aye a c.. 54-2,54-11 KK PP o popiy51, ae pei Bepoo PaPP oi pie i 4 py 1945 p. aia pocpi a20 poi Kaop)KHX poi 52. 2 i (io i peaiiai c-oKoM - oa..a) 1948 p., iya oKapa iio.

a9.[. pooo oi aa B.I' i .1 9, 28 i ,1 , 3 cep 1945 p.

/ / \^ c paH, 6, p. 75] 95-' ap. 30-31, 6.9, 78-79' 84-85, 87-88.50 opep a ape Ns ,]0. 21 |4 1945 ., opep a ape Ne 1 1 . 26 1945

// \^c KpaiH, . 6. p. 75195-' ap. 3, 25'51 poop IBoeoo paa o HKB.{ oo oa ' 3 op

]945 ] //C KpaiH, .6, p.75195.' ap.250-252.52 B|ca pooKoa aceaH pea Bepxooo Coea CCCP

Ns 123l64c. 4,eap 1945 oa //p'C pai. . 6. p. 75,l95-' ap.257 '

39

xiHoM aopi MB PP (aca Maa.aca oa Poi-co eepaii), B. a oMep 53. 25 1995 p. poKpa-pa ioT oaci oo peaiiaa.

pooo o i B. aa.ooHlo oKaa o opH _ I7a Mapii, aapeoBaoo ooacHo HM Ke-pia yy ' ooi iooi op AeBIKoo36ifea (..Ae''), a aKo)K M. Ca, C. aa, B. Koeoi,i a po ii B. aa. oo pxHa ya ayxe-ao 10 poi BTI a . e - o 20 poi KaopxHX poisa .ieio11 1954 p. a22i 1955 p. ioi-Ho s5.

Hay iei V| i poooi .oi .. Bio-cKoo (..3i,,), Koapa iy A ..MaiKa'', o iHa TepTopi.Qpoooi (i icoi) oai i xo oKay A-3ai' i a oo axoeH 19 epe .l946 p.oy . Coe .pooo oai 56 i aaac oi-T )TT caoyo i cpi oi ooy, oHaK av1- )M, ioo oo iBa Caiai pe.i 'i 57.

Bioc,Qtpo fl,'tpoIl| Hapo 7 .1

9.| 9 p. . Poxi a Caicai po.i iooo ypacoo i-Kooo ia ooHa .. Biooo' ic aei aa4 epec 1919 p. aiaaapoi, a Mapi HoM epeiaao c. poi (.o pao, Caiaa).o ayci - a.B|H| io. 1926 p. Ma a ai a aiaa o.oi apii . .,eaa' i 1929 p. poHa epeixaa o . Bio (-a), e 1937 p. flpo ai iai i ory a eopai- aye Bieoo yiepery.

epi 1938 p. c. ie (epeipao, Caia.a) i ypi MpooTo KApee e, ao oy pooy eHi a opaiya e-peee H a eopai aye ioo yiepce,e i aBaB o epH

.l939 p. epei 1939 p. .[. Bioc o yiepeo opaiaii oH, e.oi y lp-ae opaiai peepeHoM Ha ayei i ococo a-y o oH iox yei.

5a poop IBoeoo paa oc HKB.Q oo oa. 3 op1945 .] // '^C pai, . 6, cp. 75195-t.l' ap. 250-252 .

55.{. o po peaiiai //A c pai, . 6' p' 75195 -,ap. 305 ., 306 .

56 A. [.l 9 apa 1 946 ']1 / / C pai' . 5, cp. 67 449, ap' 4.57 Cpaa. [2 1946 .] // c pai, . 5, p. 67449, ap.22.

40

3 pxoo ai paiy paoi Ba' B oM1940 p. i oiioa o epooi api a apaeo epoo aiaioo a . ec (Poi)' i a-ie Koo y epei 1941 p. opMa icoe BaHH Mo.ooo eeaa i apae o 27-oT ceiao ea-pi. B MoeH oaK i ix Hieo i PP epeyay iyiy oi i a opao opaiaioo peepea oHy icoy iepei

..a'' pi He oepaTc oa H.

i axoeHH oa i, .. Bio I1t1I11941 p. paa i Mpoooo iy . Maa epe-ioo pao Caicao oaci, 30 py 1941 p. _ i-cHM . opoe Paa-Pyoo paoy ioi oaci, epBH 1942p. _ iipoy ii Kaoo paoy aCaiai. i 1943 p. i .ia, o oo poKyii i epepa y . !ooi Boioo paoy Caica-oT oai, caoB ,oK epia oH a pap-ai . Meo (..Poepo''), P. i (..Mape',) a e-peo y ii 58.

' Me, paoB ioy oiy.[. Biocoo, Ha-pa oo o opHKa A . oooo (..o',), oo-BaB Ko A ''oei'' y Kapaax. .,o coaa 1 944 p. '. Bi-o KoHa oo'K a'aa . oooo i ooHa oaX i aa ii oci, i po i, Ta Ha-ec ei opoi po aai Ko 59.

co.i 1944 p. epi eepo oeo opy A M -oa Tepoxi (.. pi'' ) pa .{. Biooo epi o i -cKoBo-ooo aapepi (B)K) oKp. ox oaax ipooi po opaiai poo iooo a B, oco-ociiT yioya, ii pepecoaH He oci (20-24 Caiai oai), opea po e, B oBo.,c ooa, x iopa y pai ie aoio pa a i-pai HKB (iiai a HaKaoM M. Tepoxta 14 epiioH i A oo) 60.

pai 1945 p. .[. Bio opa Hoe pHaeH _epio iy A .,MaiKa'', o i a epopii.Qpoo-o oai. i yiy iooci po opaiaioyoy, opoe, ii, ooi .i, a aox pe oe

58 pooo opoa [apeoaoo Booo !p.Qpea o25 1946 ] // \^C pai, . 5, cp' 67449, ap. 8.9.

59Ta ao // Ap. 1 1 -12'60a ao // p' 15

41

oo iHK B exooa i oy y epio -l 7 o24xo 1945 p.

oiio i y aapeoa H .l946 p' i a aaoiicpa ypiix pa PP T. Cpoaa epeee i Ca-icaa o 'i MB io.i oai 6r

' a oo _ o K-

ea, 4 oo 1947 p' Bico pya Kioo apioyacy,B.[. Biocoo a . 54-1 "6" i 54-11 KKPCPo po-pi u,. Btooe po oaH BpoK y cpai HeMal, oaK,opie a e, i y oa, oi Bicoa oei Be-po Hoo Cy C PCP 1 4 epe 1 947 p' ia aai y ap -y.Q. Biooo i aV||a po e i 6 . a oo Bi-cooi poKparyp 3axioo peioy pa i B i 1997 p..[. Biocoo BHaHo aK, o acXe opyoao i eiae peaiiaii.

Hacy i iei B|/1 poooi oi epi- a Tepoi o o o op |1 o oBoo One a i -poBa (..oaa'')' Bi apoc 19-13 p. . pii (ooopioo paoy Tepoio oai) cei po-i. oo ao xa a apoi CA, e y 1918 p. oep. 31 926 p" oe HaBaB iaii Tepooi' 1929 p. i y a-apeoBa oco oiie a ac iry aM' a-r6 ii oKaM oai oaaeKoo 64 a -e iaiT. oy yo aopoeo Ta Ha aaHo ix iai, opi pa. ai oi oa aaHaaaa epeKp x oio ai ypaci oo.io oy o oi, oi o iepei oxa yoBcry e i aie epxaH i i iai.

1931 p. o. oo .ia o . Poa i cy Ha Ha-aHH o Maol Ceiapi, a iy oo ) poKy oepHBc to pi-Hoo ea. Boe .l 933 p. i oy y aapeoa i i..iy 'i a ici a ya y copeHi ypaTx i ie, o yo aopoeo a.olo. i ieH oepBo cea. Boe 1935 p. c Ha HaBaHH o.QyxooiAa.e-i y oi, Ky HaHoo poK ai i a o-

61 oaoee (a ape) [o 3 1 946 ]; oaoee (o paMep| peee) [o3 ]946 .| //pt,Cpal, .5' p.67449, ap.2' 3,zz.

62 poop IBoeoo p6aa Keoo apoa. 4 epa 1947 ,l// C pa, . 5, cp. 67449, ap. 86-87 .

6 opeeee N 2/5-1255 [Boeo Koe Bepooo Ca CCCP14 apa 1947 '] //c pai, ' 5, cp. 67449'ap' 91-9.1 .

6a pooo opoa [oeoo oeoo Eea poa o.l4 aa 1946 .] // AC KpaT, . 5' p. 67451 , ap,72

42

Bi, paBaB poiTHKoM ..Maooi''. B io poooio-y o. oooo aHaeHo, o 1 935 p. i a eKepHoMic a 7 aci i y pa a ioy yx.0,o o-oi apii, l,e y 74- pieo olry, a 1937 p. po-a c. pii, pa aCHoM ioy ooapi 65 .

193B p. o. oo aapeoa a iopo po-oxeHi io oH i epeBa B y'ei o po_.0'o epH 1939 p. ooii pi i oaoMB e-o K oH |. Koo (..ao''), a peKoeai oo iie ooB opi oio poi. oH 66.

Boe 1 939 p' o. oo pixa o oa, Ma aipB o yiepcey. poe o. a epeiBaHH op-aHaM HKB ei oH (epe aapeoBax y i oo po-pi pa Mxao Xpa), 12 oo 1940 p. HeeaHo e-peo pa,,Ho-ie KopoH, ,'iac o Kpaoa' l,e Me-a aopax, opex pa oieo .ooMoie. Ta i oao i io ypaicK|'t1|/1aio-aica i aeci 1940 p. oiio cB o oH. i-oai 1940 p. i paaB eKpeTapeM aHepi a..aoooiey, oo _ oiiao ai. pai 1941 p. Bo Topeoo i., apoHaoM ii ypaioo KpeH

..Haxi-

a'' i ixa.,o . HoaMMep.Ha oay ieo-paoi i o. oo pao

T Kypee y y oi a ix iax paT. p oy ipoea.,a xi BopM epooi i a.,oa o aH epi, e oa e oaa o ipa Haa, Hie-y. Haai o. oo pao i yacHKaM ..Haia-'' poo cyxy y ai yaaaaoy 20.| , i.c pocK Koo oepHc 3axi paTy.

1 943 p. opaiaop HC o. y Hapa oo Tepo-i oa ipopoM HoocopeH aoi A, a e.pi A-3axi B. Cop (,.ee',) y ii 1944p. pHaKoMaH. peo oeoT oKp A,.o''' Ha i oaio' oo epeyaBo epecH1944 p., i ae po e epioi iopai BaX poooi oo oi, oyi-KoaHx B KH|.

i .|946 p' o. oo poa y oi, e 1 ioo )K poy y apa. pai opai epxeecpoa aV| oo o eKpeHoo ipoia. oo-

65 pooKo .opoa [oeoo oeoo Eea poa o2 ap 1946 ] // \^ pai, . 5, p. 67451, a' 14-15.

66 Heopea 3opia' _ epoi, 2001 - T. 1. _ . 49-50

+5

. Ha e l ol-| Ho Ha oi, BiH, o.0.HaK peao HaiBpa He io y epi 1 946 p. u' aapeoa.

aao, o pooKoaloi o. oooo iepea iopai o.o oo iopaii, yai oH iA..,o oo i ioB iya pooKo po aieia, ocac Ha e

' o pooKoax oi iial

po oo pai lotlA, i o oy e a Ha.aa oiio i aao Mitpa ypiix pa PCP pa.'aCepe paHKo ao 68.

19 epe 1947 p' Bio pa i MBC Ki-o oai ac.B o. oooo a T.c. 54- 1 ..a,' a 54- 1 1 KK PCPo pocpiy 69. Bioa oei Bpxooo cy CPCP 10 ep- 1947 p. aia pocpi a 25 poi BTT 70 . oo oi- iy poK oapaHH i y ie .Qypaoo aopyMopoo APCP 15 ep 1971 p.71. 3io i oo e.epaoT poKpaTyp pa i 19 epe 1994 p. oo -HaHo aKM, o a.,)Ke opHoao i peaiiaiT e i-ae. oep i 1999 p' y epooi.

.[ai y i poiei poooi oi Bopoeopa Bacova, epia oH a C a oeoT oKpA ..Hl-lK',. oo o opaHeo i axoeo poHKBC 1 5 ci 1 945 p. y . o epeioo paoy Bo-oioai 72. Hapo i 1922p' . opoxaa Moap.Koo paoy epoioT oai eci poi. 3.| 936 p., o i iai Caiai, pa aKBH acy ei i pooxei aioaioi iepayp.

3ai iai, epe e ac, y pyi 1939 p. e-eaHo epeo paHKo-ie KopoH i eaapo yKpaoi T.o oH. .1 940-] 941 pp. y ,o i Kpai-K eHpoM oH a oi cpKrypaM axii pai.

i oay i i HieHo a CPOP' oH Hapa- . Bopo a Pie, e oa poi oH o. pa-

67 oeapa aaei pii a ae _ 4,15,28 epH 1946 p.(A pa, ' 5' cp. 67451 ' ap. 1 ' 3, 6 ).68 pooo o ooa e.C. [23 ap 1947 .]; ocaoee(o oae aBe o6eoo)' [5 epa 1947 '] // c paT,. 5' p. 67451, ap. 16-19.

69 oop [Boeoo pyaa o MB. Keo oa. 1 9 Mapa1947 .\//rC pai, .5, p' 67451' ap..15.1 -151 .

70 opeee N 3/5-2346 [Boeo Koe|^ Bepxooo Ca CCCP.]0 1947 'l //,^C pai. 5' cp. 67451, ap' ,1 56-156

z' 1- Q$ pai, . 5, p. 67451, ap. ,l 84 .

72 ooo (aep)a otca)' [15 ap 1946 ] // 'C pat'. 5' p. 48.139' apK. 8-9.

44

e (.,aKo'') pa oo KoeHaHoM peH ooioTopaiai,.Ci'' B Kooioy paoi. 15 oaa 1941 p. 'y epeiyBaHM oy ii . Bopoe epeoHa HeeaHe aHoBe i y pHaeH pao poi-o oH Mopoaoo paoy Pieo oai. epi1942p. i oo i pao poioH aepopiTy-ao iopyiT, a ypai 1942 p. _ oe apao po-i oH opi oai.

ii 1943 p. Bopoe a io ipyopo Cap-HeHKoo opy oH, ae B)Ke a a i opaei i-aB.'o i 1943 p. . oa, i oo y pae o-ay peepeHoM poi ai p A .,apaBa'', a Ce-pei paH 1943 p. _ epioM p A-Cxi a epiooH Kii i Xopi oax 7.

Cae po epio ioci . Bopo i pooiaB|r poToKoi oo oi, iei i. .ec popooy oH i opaHH aoi A Piei, Kii iopi oax. (i aepia, i cpai e' aa, i-i opyaLl B o|H e poToKo .0,oTy i2-28 Too1946 p. (BB opioK MaHo), oy epeiao e _aipo oH' A, eai ooo iopai oo.

p apai . Bopoe i.,o Haa ee, ae ia6ooa. B pai i oia, e aHa-eHo' o i e 29 oo

.l 946 p., oo epe iopa ii apMaHH, Haa Co pae pie a oay 7o

aa Ha e, o ' Bopoe, i . Cea, c-aB Ha iax epe HaeeHHM! a.)K iic oH iA, i ioiaCao'KeHH BpoK. poe 28 epe1947 p' Bio pya i MBC Koi oaiaBoo a . 54-1..a'' KKPCPo popiy 75 , a Bioa oei Bep-XoHoo Cy CPCP 7 ep 1947 p, aia popi a 25 poiT 76. Bia oKapaH, . Bopoe oMep 2 oo-l959 p. oepo aopi MBC PP 77. a oo eepa-oi poypayp pai i21 epe 1 994 p. . Bopo Ha-Flo aKM, o a)Ke opyoBaHo i iae peaiiai.

73 pooo poa oeoo _ Bopoe eopa Baa '. o 23-28 epa 1946oa // A C pai' . 5, p. 48139' ap. 1.16'7aCpaa

[29 ap 19a6'] //A pai, . 5, cp' 48139' ap 9.75 poop [Boeoo pyaa oc MB.{ Keo oa. 28 aa

1947 'l // ^Cpai, . 5, p' 48139, ap. 169-170.76 opeeee N 3/5-2615 [Boeo KoIIe Bepxooo Ca CCCP

7 aa 1947 .] //rC pai, .5, p.48139, ap. 174-174',7 A paT. . 5, p 48139, ap. .1 99.

45

oai i iei r poooi oi epi-a icoi oeoi opy A ..y', B. eoa (..Bopoo-o''). Bi apa 17 py 1946 p. pi ii paoi. Bo Beo-Moioo paoyioT oai.

eo BacI Mxao Hapoc 1920 p' . -e-Cap aicoo oiy (oa) y cei po-i 78 ' !o 1926 p. i poxa aa' a oo epeixa oCoo .Ka Koca ioo c. yl.

By 1939 p. oH, i y pai-epi .1941 p. a-HHM . yi, a i oaKy ieo-paoi i yi-oB o Ka oxioi p oH i epio epia -aicoo oiooo pooy oH oea pa (..aa''). pyi y poo. Ko y i 1 941 p. pa pya Pie-y oa, o. pae aB aaHKo Pieo oacoiypao iiii, a B' eo - ipyopoM opyo iiiT. epei 194.1 p.' oaKoM epeiyaei oH i,o epeo a HeeaHe TaHoe, opyeeMepia.Qicoo oKpxoo pooy oH ...{paaa'', a KiH- ia 1942p' - aHKo opaiaioo peepea oopooy 79.

3 epe 1943 p. B. eo epeya A, e poo i ooBoo o epia oeo[ op. Ba poo-oi oo oi i Mao iopaiT po ope'CpyKp i epii A a Boi i ai. aaM, Mo-o, e iao ica oo oa a ici i oo coaa-M, o 6 olioai y ..ioci A' 80.

Bpai 17 py 1946 p. y xoi eico-iooT oepa-ii yo Beo piy,.e paoM B. eoe epeBavlepi Coacoo oKp)Hoo poo.y oH i pyo(..Pa'')a oo oxopoe ..e'', i i a po x axaya|1I. eo BT a ei oKMeH' ae iyKHLA py aoK paTB ioic i aoe. Co-aKy iH aa ee a 'Kooo oH a i' |a Kpyi 8l ,oHaK oo ao Mao aapeoax, i oo i ye- aa cee.

78 Aea apecoaoo //A pai, . 6' cp. 74268., . 1, ap. 8.79 pooKo onpoa oeoo eo Bac Maoa, o e

Kp a. 28 epa 1947 oa // '^c pai. . 6, p. 74268-t1, , 1,a.92-93.

80 .Q.: ioc A. iioea. - T. 4. - i, 2003. - 448 c.8rA. [17 eap 1946 ] //'^c pai, . 6' p. 74268-|1,, 1,ap. a.

46

Tpa a i epeya i io y oi i Kei.22 1947 p. Bico pya i MBC KicoT o-ai ay oo a .. 54-2,54-8,54-g' 54.11 KK PCP' a ayyi _ a ooi . 54-8 KK PP ai c. 54-2 KK PcPi acoyaHHM tlHKry 2 ay peii BepxooT Pa CPCPi26 pa 1947 p'..po iiy eoT Kap'' - o 25 poiBTT 82. oi i epi oKapaHH, i y ie .Qypaoo aopy 17 py 1971 p. 83 , 20 i 1997 p. eepa-Ha poKpapa pa peaiiyaa B. eoa.

a oM, ieiy i oKyMeH ia ei-K oo opeHH - eBH oHoopoHi y iopi iopxai, KpaHo-oyaHy - oo oH i A _ pMo-ai y ai x ai i oi, ioi aHe epeKpeHpHHo-Haiox 'KiB ix . Bo.oa aaei o-KMeH ic Mao ioi iopaii po Bope i i-ic A epio 1942-1946 poi. Bo xapaep ca-eHH o opaiaiT A pix epii oH, popa a-ai aca a oHKpeTHi ap ioi oai i alpyoi ioo i a y ooey oy.

Coiaeo, o oyioai oye caHy y aoiiopa-ocia A, ooMo)e oie i e -i coe i .'paaMy copi i oj iopii.

oecap I, ao cipoi ! C pai.,Ka'a lcopH aK

Cepi Koi, aCK aaKa C pai,,aa icopH a, cap ao cipoi

qP qP qo

op e ioa o a x p ]vl io i oya o ..io A'' pilo pyya oyee x.

82 poop [Boeoo pya o MB. Keo oac. 22 1947 r'| // flA C p' . 6' p. 74268., . 1, ap. 48-440'

Koep i aoe a ipaoa aa-oaM Haepeipyiooeoooeoa B,M' //C pai, .6, p.74268-' . .l

' ap' 477a'

47

lNRoDUloN

ln recent years a |arge number of important douments have beenpublished on the history of the reation and ativity of the Ukrainianlnsurgent Army (UPA). Undisovered before now, these doumentsare stored in the state arhives of Ukraine' The key douments amongthese reently published materia|s are those of the Soviet organs ofstate power and administration; readers have had an opportunit tofamiIiarize themselves with some of them in the preeding volumes ofthe new series of Litops UP'1

Attention is being focused on these douments because, un|ikemany other repressive ations that the Bo|shevik (communist) regimeinstituted against the Ukrainian nation, the struggle against the UPAin 1944-1955 was a bona fide armed conflict agarnst an organizedand rather large adversariaI fore that was onvinced of its rightnessand which enjoyed the support of a signifiant part of the popu|ationof the western Ukrainian region.

In keeping with their status and f untions designated by the part-state leadership of the USSR, the struggle against the UPA was con-duted primaril by the organs and troops of the NKVD-MVD (1944-'1947) and the NKGB-MGB (1944-1953); after the merger of thesedepartments, bythe MVD (from Marh 1953);and aftertheirdemergeby the KGB attached to the Council of Ministers of the USSR (fromMarh 1954). hus, the documents of the Soviet spelal organs arean important soure for the study of the history of the Ukrainian lnsur-gent Army,

o a certain degree the sa|e, harater, and consequenes ofthis onflit are revealed by statistia| data ited in a memorandumdated 22 Apri| 1953, whih Pavlo Meshyk' Minister of Internal Affairsof the Ukrainian SSR, sent to Lavrentii Beria, Minister of lnternal Af-fairs of the USSB. he memorandum states that ..acording to thereords of the former MGB of the Ukrainian SSR, in the western ob|astsof Ukraine for the period from 1 944 to 1953, for the most part as aresult of mass military operations, 153,259 bandits and abettors ofbandits were killed"; 103,003 were arrested:76,672 individuals were"brought out of the underground and legalized" (up to 40 percent ofthem ..lega|ized themselves on the diret instrution of the under-ground and did not cease their hostile work"); and 65,895 families(2o,77 people)were deported from the region as ..abettors of ban-

48

. See: Lltopys UPA. Nova serii, vols. 3.7 (Kiv-oronto, 2001-2003)

dits''' he number of peop|e affeted by these operations totaled536,671.

Those insurgents who continued the struggle or left the USSRshould be added to this number' In addition, 88' 12 famiIies (324'086people) "whose relatives were killed during operations, arrested, de-ported, beame i||egals, or f|ed the ountry'' remained in Ukraine,swestern ob|asts.2 he total number of people that the MGB of theUkrainian SSR considered to be involved in the armed struggle was860,757 (e|uding ative insurgents and fugitives who esapedabroad).

A report of the 1Oth Department of the KGB at the Couni| of Min-isters of the Ukrainian SSR, dated 17 April 1973, lists the followingdata among the results of this struggle: in .1944-1953 Ukrainian na-tiona|ists ki|led 30'676 Soviet itizens, ha|f of whom were o||ectivefarm workers and peasants ('15,355 people); Red (Soviet) Armytroopsand interior and border troops (3'199); members of eterminationbatta|ions (2'590); offiials, in|uding teahers' dotors, et a|. (1 ,931 );empIoees of interna| atfairs organs (1

'864); heads of viIlage couniIs

( 'a5a);

personneI of oblast, muniipal, and raion exeutive ommit-tees (1,276), MGB personne| (697); workers (676); heads of ol|e-tive and Soviet state farms (31a); and party and Komsomo| ativists(251 and 207, respective|y). A separate groUp in|udes hiIdren,housewives, elder|y peop|e, and others (860)'

These are the offiiaI Soviet statistis. hey may be verified andtheir true ontents understood onl b studying other douments ofthe state seurity organs as we|| as the entire omp|ement of histori-a| soures that bear upon this topt' We trust that the present vo|-ume will help to shed some additional light

he douments of the NKVD-KGB that are stored in the SpeciaI-ized State Archive of the Seurity Servie of Ukraine (henceforward:HDA SBU) and il|ustrate the conflit with the UPA are divided into sev-

2 See the Speialized State rhive of the seUrit Service of Ukraine (henefr.ward HDA SBU), ,.Ministru vnutrennikh deI Soiuza SSR tovarishhu Beriia L. P IMinistrvnutrennikh del Ukrainskoi SSR P Meshik.22aprelia 1953 g.1," fond 16, list g, file 58,fols. 1-4.

See: HDA SBU, .'Spavka o ko|ichestve pogibshkh sovetskikh grazhdan ot rukbanditovoUNzaperiod 1944-195gg.,''fod 13'fiIe372,vo|. 103,fols.9..1 1. InChap.ter E|even, paragrah three, on p. 775 of the book Polltchni teror i terorzm v Ukraini'X|X-)u st. Istorychni narys (Kiv,2002), one of the co-authors' Dmtro Viedienieiev,inorret|y ites the folios of the rhiva| fiIe that contains this report. In orrecting thiserro( We must also add that this report does not ontain data ited b Viedinieiev onthe eistence of 50 priests among the 1,931 officials killed by the nationalists' wholthe author inorret|y aIls representatives of the iteIIigentsia.

49

eral main groups according to their type and content. Normative-ad-m i nistrative docu m e nts (orders, di retives, i nstructions, and g uide-lines) contain information about the tasks assigned to the personnelof the seurit servie organs, lnformational-reporting documents(specia| announements, memoranda, surves, reports, and notes)provide a general idea of the course and results of the implementedtasks. Various operational documents, whose appearane Wassparked by the existing normative-administrative base of activity ofthe state security organs, are the raw material of the preeding groupof documents.

The largest group of documentary soures organiaIly Iinked tothe preeding ones is omprised of archival criminalases that wereopened by the organs of state power against arrested and convictedmembers of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN)and theUPA. his is a broad variety of cases againstvarious individuaIs, rang-ing from rank and file OUN members and UPA soldiers to members ofthe Central Leadership of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists(TsP oUN), and ommanders of batta|ions, formations, and mi|itaryokruhas. This o||etion of documents from the HDA SBU is oresentedin our book. our interest in these documents is exp|ained by the fatthat during interrogations arrested OUN members and UPA soldierswere forced to disclose not only their own ativities but a|so those ofa|| insurgent subunits to whih they were privy. ln view of the ircum.stanes underwhih theywere fored to provide information, interro-gation reports ma be regarded as a valuab|e historia| soure for thestudy of the insurgent movement.

The book ontains exerpts from the reports of interrogations ofthe most important-in our estimation-leaders of the OUN and theUPA, who Were arrested b the Soviet organs in 1944-1946. For a sig-nifiant period of time, Mkhailo Stepaniak, levhen Basiuk,Artemiziia Halts'ka, Mkola Haiduk, laroslav Bilns'ki, luriiStel,mashchuk, Oleksandr Luts'ki, Petro Duzhi, MkolaDu zhi, VoIo dmr Pavlk, D mtro Vitovs, ki, o me I i a n Pol' ovi,Fedir Vorobets', and VasI' Levkovch oupied various |eadingpostsrin the OUN and the UPA. They were aware of the most trivialdetails of the inner life of these formations and provided Soviet inves-tigators with a onsiderab|e amount of information about the forma-tion and activity of the UPA. An analysis of the information that theyprovided during interrogations and its jutaposition with other histori-ca| soures attest to a high degree of authentiity.

A omment is in order onerning the Iexion of the interroga-tions, whih fuI!y orresponds to the terminology of Soviet propaganda

50

of the time, as We|| as the slang used by members of the seurity or-gans. Acording to the unwritten ruIes of writing reports, an oppo-nent of the ommunist regime who was arrested or kiIled wlth or with-out weapons in his/her hands ould not be a||ed anything but a ..ban-

dit," Any UPA detachment or subunit, regardless of the nature of itsoperations, was al|ed a ..band'' (gang) and a |eader of a subunit-a"ringleader of a band," or "leader."

The douments in the book grouped aording to the topial-hrono|ogia| prinip|e: the order of the hapters is determined bythe date of individua|s' arrests, while the pIacement of douments inthe chapters is determined by the date when they Were reated. hedouments over the period 1944-1946 hrono|ogial|y as weI| asgeographia|l_a|| of western U krai n, i' ., it is reasonab|y represen -tative.

Bearing in mind the speifi features of offie work in the Sovietstate seurity organs-speedy analsis and sstematizing of acquireddata, and instantaneous reporting to superiors of all operationally sig-nificant ouestions-we have been ab|e to reonstrut the orocess ofacumulating information about the UPA in the heart of the speia|servies and to determine exat|y what the Soviet side knew about itsopponent as of, e.g., 1 September 1944 or -1 Januar -|945, and howthis state of informedness influencd the further ourse of the armedstruggle, the ondut of Chekist-mlIitary operations, et.

The first important UPA |eader who was aptured by the NKVDand NKGB organs was Mykhailo Stepaniak ("Serhii," "Bohdan"). Hewas taken into custody on 30 July 1944, when he was captured in ahideout in some woods loated between the villages of Bushha andDerman' in Mizoh raion, Rivne ob|ast' During his apture, he was badlwounded by a grenade that was tossed into his hideout from where hewas puIIed out unonsious.4

Mkhailo Dmtrovch Stepaniakwas born on24January -l905in the vil|age of Dzvyniah in the Stanys|aviv area (So|otvyna raion inlvano-Frankivs'k ob|ast) into a |arge peasant famil (he had four sis-ters and two brothers). From 1 91 8 to .l 926 he studied at the Stanyslavivgymnasium, and in 1926-1 931 he was a student at the Faculty of Lawat l-viv Universit. At the time Stepaniak was sympatheti to ommu-nism and even maintained links with the communist movement. Thus,he was arrested by the Polish police after he graduated, but owing tothe lak of evidene, he was released in Apri| .l934 and returned to hisnative village.

4 HDA sBU' ..ProtokoI doprosa obviniaemogo Stepaniaka Mikhaila Dmitrievihaot 20 avgusta 1944 goda," fond 6, file 75135-FP, fol. 8.

51

Starting in early 1935, he worked as an assistant in a private lawfirm in the ity of Berezhany, in the Ternopi|' region. In September1939 he was employed as a Secretar in the temporary ount ad-ministration of the Berezhany area. In Deember 1939 he headedthe genera| department of the Berezhany raion exeutive ommit-tee, and in Marh-Apri| 1940 he was the seretary of the BerezhanymuniipaiounciI.

In April-May 1940 Stepaniak joined the OUN to which he was re-cruited b Hryhorii Goliash (,,Bei'') an envo of the sP oUN, who hadome from Craow, and Lev Zatsnyi (,,roian''), a member of the KraiLeadership of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (KP OUN).They invited Stepaniak to join the organization, whih needed a quaIi-fied lawyer to draft a plan to organize bodies of state rule of an inde-pendent Ukraine, In the fall of .l 940, when Stepaniak was hiding in vari-ous villages of western Ukraine (with funds supplied by the OUN), hedrafted suh a plan'

In May 1941 the leader of the L'viv KP OUN, lvan Klymiv("Legenda") informed Stepaniakthatthe draft of the state system hadbeen adopted for pratia| imp|ementation. After the German-SovietWar began, the oUN began to reate bodies of power. After the pro-Iamation of the Act of 30 June 1941 Stepaniak was appointed assis-tant to Lev Rebet, the head of the "Government System" at the TsPOUN. In September '1941 the Germans arrested Rebet, and Stepaniakbecame his replacement.

In 1941-194 he headed the most important strutura| under-ground unit: KP oUN Ha|yhna' or the KP oUN in the Western Ukrai-nian Lands (ZUz). In late 1941 Mko|a Lebed' (..Ruban'') madeStepaniak a member of the sP oUN. Stepaniak took part in the ].t,2nd, and 3.d onferenes of the oUN, and during the Third Extraordi-nary Grand Assemb|y of the oUN in August 1943 he was eleted amember of the Main Counil of the oUN. He took part in drafting asignifiant number of offiial oUN documents, partiu|ar|y those thatwere published in the jou rna| ldeia i Chn (|dea and Ation, the offiiaIorgan of the oUN). In mid-Deember .t943 Stepaniakwas dismissedfrom the TsP oUN and dispathed by Roman Shukhevych to Vo|yn,5where he took part in underground ativity.

The reports on Stepaniak's interrogations highlight a number ofinteresting topis: detai|s of his biography and work in the oUN, the3.d xtraordinaryGrand Assemb|y of the oUN, the reation of the Revo-Iutionar Peop|e's Liberation organization (NVRO), and miIitary ques-

5 HDA sBU, ,.ProtokoI doprosa obviniaemogo Stepaniaka MikhaiIa Dmitrievihaot 20 avgusta 1944 goda,'' fond 6, fi|e 751s.FB fo|s. 9-1 1 [verso]

52

tions that were disussed at meetings b the members of the sP oUNin 1942- 1944. Stepaniak took part in several suh meetings and wasab|e to provide a rather omp|ete desription of the proess of theUPAs reation and the views on this of the members of the sP oUN.Considering that most of these individuals were eventually killed, it isdifficu|t to overestimate the imoortane of his information,

At the time of Stepaniak's arrest NKVD and NKGB investigatorshad already interrogated dozens of OUN and UPA members, so theyhad a certain idea about these organizations. However, with the pre-cise he|p of Stepaniak's information, for the first time the Soviets a-quired an entire gamut of data on the histor of the creation and ativ-ity of the Ukrainian underground, as welI as detai|s conerning its stru-ture, |eaders, and the who|e system of the sP oUN's work in1940-1944.

he Chekists sought to expIoit the aquired information as effe.tive|y as possib|e and, at the same time, to conea| the fact that suha high-ranking leader of the oUN and the UPA had been arrsted.here were no offiia| announements about this, even those with aprpagandisti goa|. For a long time Stepaniak's ase did not make itto ourt.6 He he|ped identify ki|led members of the oUN and the UPA;sometimes he was re-interrogated and transferred from Lviv to Kyivand then bak to l-viv.

on 26 Marh 1947 the Mi|itary Tribuna| of the lnterior Troops ofKyiv oblast sentened Mykhailo Stepaniak under aftic|es 54- 1a and54-11 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR to the maximumpunishment-to be shot.7 However, on 2 June 1947 Ihe MiIitarCol|egium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, iting artic|e 3 of theDeree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the UsSFl, dated26 May 1947, commuted his death sentene to twenty-five ears,imprisonment in orretive |abour amps (VT).8

Stepaniak seved his sentence in the Peshanyi Camp (Karagan-da oblast, Kazakhstan ), After Stalin's death, he submitted several failedpetitions to various offiia| channe|s, demanding a review of his ase.The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR pardonedhim and overturned his convition on|y on 8 ApriI 1 961 , and on 1 2 Apri|he was released. Stepaniak died on 13 February 1967 in the village of

6 HDA sBU, ..Postanovlenie [naha|'nika S|edstvennogo otdela Upravleniia pobor'be s banditizmom NKVD USSR maiora gosbezopasosti Spivakovskogo. B dekabria1944 9.1," fond 6, file 75135-FP, fols. 154-155.

? HDA SBU, "Prigovor [Voennogo tribunala voisk MVD Kievskoi oblasti. 26 martaI947 g.l, " fond 6, file 75 135-FP fols, 209-210 [verso].

8 HDA SBU, "Opredelenie no. 3/5-2524 [Voennoi kollegii Verkhovnogo SudasssR.23 iiunia 1947 g.],'' fond 6, fi| 75135.FP, fols.215.215 [verso].

Dzvniah. In Januar -|995 the proseutor,s offie of Rivne obIastexonerated him.

The next set of materia|s in the book onsists of douments fromthe arhiva| crimina| ase againstlevhen Mkhailovch Basiuk, Hewas born in 1922 in the village of Khoriv, which is today part of Ostrohraion, Rivne oblast. ln '1936 he completed a seven-grade rural elemen-tary shool and Iater studied at a loksmith shooI and worked inKove|'' In .1938' under the influene of Ukrainian historica| literatureand the events taking p|ae in Carpatho-Ukraine, the sixteen.year.o|d Basiuk |eft for Galiia and tried to ross i||ega||y into ransarpathia.He was taken into ustody and brought to the ity of Khust, where hewas interrogated by the Ukrainian police and at Sih, the headquar-ters of the Supreme Command of the Ukrainian Army of Carpatho-Ukraine' Afterwards, he was re|eased to the are of a high shoo|.

|n February 1939 the leadership of Sih sent him for studies at anon-ommissioned offiers' schoo|' Soon after he took part in battlesagainstthe Hungarians, waswounded, and then captured. In July'1939the Hungarians handed over Basiuk and other Ukrainian POWs to theGermans. He ended up in Vienna, where first he obtained medialtreat-ment in a sanatorium and Iater studied in a German offiers, schoo|reated with the partiipation of the TsP oUN. here, in December1939, he joined the OUN.s

After completing his studies in November 1940 and obtaining therank of |ieutenant in the German Arm, Basiuk Went to Craow for amonth-long furlough. When it was over, acting on the instructions ofthe organization's leaders, he did not serve in the German Army. Hebeame unemp|oyed and unti| the beginning of the German-Sovietwar reeived finania| assistane from the Ukrainian Centra| Commit-tee (UTsK).

In Ju| 1941 Basiuk returned to his native vi||age. ln approimate|one month ..ostap',, the Rivne ob|ast ommandant of the |ega| Ukrai-nian youth organization Sih, appointed him commandant of this or.ganization for Hoshcha raion. But within three days the Germans dis-banded the organization, and in September Basiuk began working asan expediter in a ooperative in the ity of ostroh. ventua||y, he re-turned home.

|n March 1 942 Basiuk Was arrested by the German po|ie on sus-piions of be|onging to the oUN and deserting the German Arm. Hewas imprisoned in the Rivne jail until November '1942, was sentencedto death in absentia, and then transferred to a conentration amp

, HDA sBU' ..Protokol doprosa Basiuk vgeiia Mikhal|oviha ' 28-29 sentiabria1944 goda,'' fond 6, file 751-FP foIs. .14-16.

54

nar the vi||age of Shubkiv in uchyn raion, Rivne ob|ast, from wherehe soon esaped with twenty-five other prisoners. He hid with his par-nts and other fami|y members.10

In April 1943 Basiuk joined the UPA' eventual|y beoming the hiefof the headquarters of the Kho|odnyi |ar formation (division)' whihwas part of the Kiv Genera| Mi|itary okruha of the UPA. He he|d therank of an UPA oIone| and used the pseudonyms ..Chornomorets'''

and "Kompaniiets'." On 7 September 1944 he was arrested during aChekist mi|itary operation in the viinit of Khoriv,r1 brought to Rivne,and from there sent under guard to Kiv, where he spent near| tendays in the NKGB prison of the Ukrainian SSR.12

The report of Basiuk's interrogation, dated 28-29 September1944 (forty-four typewritten pages) was attahed to the doumentsof the arhival rimina| ase, most of which date to the period fromMay to Deember 1 949.1 |t is quite |ike|y that in September 1 944 theNKGB investigators intensively interrogated Basiuk during a rathershort period of time and ombined alI his most importantanswers rang-ing from his biograph to information about the UPA into one report,

Basiuk later wrote the following about the next five years of his|ife: .....From the month of September 1944 | atively fought againstthe 'OUN-UPA bands, for which the bandits took brutal revenge onme by killing all my relatives. I myself was seriously wounded in battlesagainst the 'OUN-UPA' bands. For five years I smashed the 'OUN-UPA bands as muh as I had strength and abi|ity; the bandits tookbrutal revenge on me for this, they killed my mother, sister, two broth-ers, fiancee, and also rpeated| made attempts on y |ifg.''l+

on 19 November 1949 a Speia| Session of the Ministr of StateSeurity of the UssR onvited Basiuk under arti|es 54-2,54-11,and 206-17a of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR and sentenedhim to twent-five years' imprisonment in orrtive |abour amps.15

r0 HDA sU, ..Protoko| doprosa Basiuk vgeniia Mikhailoviha. 28-29 sentiabria1944 goda''' fond 6' file 751.Fq foIs. 18-19.

Ir HDA sBU, ,.ProtokoI zadrzhaniia' [7 sentiabria 1944 g.]''' fond 6, fiIe 751-FP, fol 1 57.

1, HDA sU, ..Protoko| doprosa obviniaemogo Basiuka vgeniia Mikhai|oviha ot5 sentiabia 1949 g.'', fond 6, file 751.FP fo|' .104.

r3 |evhen Basiuk was arrested in viv b the organs of the GB of the UkrainianSSR on 12 May 1949.

r4 HDA sU, ..Predsedateliu Przidiuma Verkhovnogo Soveta SSSR Klementiiuf removihu VoroshiIovu ot zak[|iuhennogo] Basiuk Evgeniia MikhaiIoviha.. ,22/|-19569,," fond 6, file 75133-FP,1ols. 177-177 [verso].

r5 HDA sU. ..Vypiska iz protoko|a no. 64 osobogo Soveshhaniia pri MinistreGosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti Soiuza SSR ot 1 9 noiabria 1 949 9.," fond 6, file 75 1 33-FP fol, 166.

55

He served his sentence in the Stepovoi and Peshanyi amps inKazakhstan. On 28 May 1956, during the period of Khrushchev's..thaw,,' a ommission of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of theUSSR' appointed to review the ases of people imprisoned in theKaraganda orretive Iabour campS' reIeased Basiuk after overturn-ing his onvition.16 on .|0 September 1991 he was exonerated bythe Proseutor General of the Ukrainian SSR.

The next part of the book inludes extrats from the reports ofinterrogations of two UPA organizers in Bukovyna:Artemiziia Halyts'ka(..Motria',) and Myros|av Haiduk (..Fedir''). hey were aptured on29 Deember 1944 during a Chekist miIitary operation in the vi||age ofVas|ovtsi in Chernivtsi ob|ast. When she was being taken into cus-tody, Halts'ka, |ike many other underground members in this situa-tion, tried to shoot herself in the head. Gravely injured, she was broughtto Chernivtsi and |ater nursed bak to hea|th.

Artemiziia Hrhorivna Halts'ka was born in 19.| 2 in the vil|ageof Sadhora (today: Chernivtsi oblast) into a large urban family. Shewas the sixth hi|d and had four brothers and one sister. After com-pIeting a teahers'seminary in 1932 tn the it of Botosani (Roma-nia)' she taught shoo| for ten ears. The Romanian governmentbanned Ukrainian-langUage instrution in shooIs, but she stubbornIyonduted enIightenment work and taught children the Ukrainian lan-guage and ulture, whih led to her f requent job transfers.

Halyts'ka's aute sense of national humiliation spurred herto jointhe OUN. ln 1940 she befriended some Ukrainians who had arrivedfrom Galiia: A. Boiko, S. Chornukha, T. Shynkaruk, and L. Shherba-novych. In time, she beame friends with some members of theBukovyna Soiety of Ukrainian migrants. In 1940' at their request,she organized two drives to oIIet medicine, |othing, and money(35,000 /eu were raised)among the |oal popu|ation forarrested Ukrai-nian nationalists, thus earning a solid reputation.

In the spring of 1941 Ha|yts'ka became aquainted with a oup|eof members of the OUN(B), Hryhorii Barabash ("lavors'kyi") and l.Konrad ("lvan") whom the TsP OUN had sent to Bukovyna to workamong the |oalUkrainians and probab|yto create an oUN organiza-tion. hey drew up a Iist of oUN sympathizers, in|uding HaIts'ka.

16 HDA SBU, "Vypiska iz protokola no. 1 zasedaniia komissii po rassmotreniiu delv sooWetstvii s Ukazom Prezidiuma Verkhovnogo Soveta SSSR ot24 marta l 956 godana Iits, otbvaiushhykh nakazanie za po|itiheskie, do|zhnostne i khoziaistvenneprestupleniia v Karagandinskom ispravitel'no-trudovom lagere, ot 28 maia 1956 goda, "fond 6, fiIe 751-FP fo|. 169.

56

During 1941 Barabash visited herthree times, bringing literature aboutthe disputes between the OUN(M) and the OUN(B).

At the beginning ot 1942 the Romanian po|ie arrested twent-two oUN members in Chernivtsi and conducted a searh of Ha|yts'ka'sapartment, but nothrng was found. Having avoided arrest, in Febru-ary she sent 1 ,050 /eu and food to the imprisoned OUN members. Atthe request of the arrested leader of the OUN leadership in Bukovyna,Mykhai|o Ko|ot|o (..Kobzar''), in March Ha|yts'ka left for the Roma-nian ity of |assy, where he was being given medial treatment andawaiting his tria|. She brought him |othing and food supp|ies, and inJune 1942 he|ped him esape from the hospital and avoid trial.

Kolotylo suggested that Halyts'ka leave for Bukovyna. Sheagreed, and in the village of Shubranets' they metwith the new leaderof the OUN in Bukovyna, D. Hyriuk ("Orel"), who had been sent fromGalicia by the TsP OUN, as well as with other underground members.Seeing as the Romanian poIie was |ooking for Ha|yts'ka, D. Nahorniak("Lys") and M. Luk'ianenko ("Kryha"), who were responsible for liai-son among the oUN units (/akas) in Ga|icia and Bukovyna, he|pedher and ,,Kobzar'' to ross illega||y into Ga|icia.

There they made ontat With the leader of the Ko|omyia oUNokruha, Vasyl'Andrusiak ("Riz'bar," future UPA battalion commander"Rizun") and "Odarka", the TsP OUN's courier, who helped them makeontat with the TsP oUN in Uviv. Ha|yts'ka met with H. Barabash,who offiia||y accepted her into the ranks of the oUN and assignedherto the chief of the 2nd depaftmentof the sP oUN, |aros|av Starukh(..Synii',). This department was in harge of preparing forged dou-ments for OUN members. lt had its own press that printed passportforms of various uropean states and the UssR, whih Ha|ts'ka laterfilled out.

In November and Deember 1942 the Germans |aunhed a newwave of arrests of Ukrainian nationalists. Klymiv and Starukh wereamong the f unctionaries of the TsP OUN in L'viv, who were arrested. lnorderto evade arrest, Halyts'ka wentto Barabash, who advised hertogo to his re|atives in the vi||age of Koniukh in the Stryi area. ButKoloty|o, who was then working in the Propaganda Setion of the L vivKP oUN, invited her to aompany him to Ko|omyia to arr out someassignments for the KP oUN: estabIish ontat with the oUN |eader.ship of Bukovyna and to head it. Halyts'ka agreed.

hey reported to the Ieader of the oUN leadership of StanysIavivoblast, laroslav Mel'nyk ("Robert") and, at his request, took part in aten-day training session for ounty and raion |eaders of the oUN at-tahed to the okruha Leadershlp of the oUN for Kolomyia. Halyts,ka

57

taught ideo|ogy and Ko|oty|o_po|itial history. hey a|so organizedthe publication of the first issue of the newspaper Mechem (By Sword),the organ of the Bukovyna OUN leadership. The print run of the news-paperwas 2,000 copies, of which 1 ,500 were sent to Bukovyna (whereKo|oty|o went short| afterwards), and 500 were shipped to the TsPOUN.

Later, Ha|yts,ka taught ideo|og and media| services at a train-ing ourse for fema|e oUN members, whih was organized by.,Kropyva'', the oUN count |eader in the Sniatn area. The training|asted fourteen das and was attended by nine peop|e' ln Marh 1943Mel'nk again summoned Halyts'ka to Stans|aviv and instruted herto ondut training for nine Women. Eventua||y, she taught two moretraining courses for the Women's oUN networks in the ounties ofStanys|aviv and Ha|yh.]7 HaIyts'ka onduted a tota| of 14 differenttraining ourses for 140-150 people.18

ln April 1943 Halyts'ka received a message from Kolotylo aboutthe mass arrests of oUN members in Bukovyna, and therefore deidedto remain in Ga|iia. At Ko|oty|o,s request, the KP oUN ZUZ appointedHalyts'ka responsible Bukovyna leaderfor liaison between Gacia andBukovyna. "Ulas," the responsible leader for finances in this leader-ship, a|Ioated 60'000 z|otyto Ha|yts'ka, which were used to purhaseliterature that was later sent to Bukovyna. She also created an organi-zational network in vi||ages on the territor adjacentto Bukovyna, whihconducted intel|igene work and Iiaison with the oUN leadership ofBukovyna.

In Deember 1943 Ha|ts'ka learned of KolotyIo's arrest and in-formed the Stanyslaviv Oblast Leadership and the KP OUN ZUZ,whichdeided to temporari|y ha|t the activity of the oUN leadership inBukovyna and ordered Halyts'ka to start organizing a women's OUNnetwork in GaIiia. The Ieadership organized training for women.Ha|yts'ka onduted two training ourses, training seven instrutorswho were then dispatched to various oblasts.

Halyts'ka did not manage to omp|ete the organization ofWomen's work beause in Januar 1944 she was reaIled to lJviv byLebed', the head of the External Relations Section ("R-ZZ")of the TsPoUN. She Ieft for the city with lvan BeIeilovyh (..Dzvinhuk',), the fu-ture leaders of the UPA military okruha in the Drohobyh area, and acourier named "lurko." In I-viv Halyts'ka metwith the UPAorganizer inGaIiia, oIeksandr Luts'kyi (.Andriienko''), and Iater had severaI meet-ings with Lebed'.

17 HDA sU, ..Protoko| doprosa [9 marta 1945 g.]''' fond 5, fi|e 67446, fols. 8.14.r8 HDA sU, ..Protokol doprosa [25 iiunia 1945 g.]''' fond 5, fiIe 67446, fol. 80.

58

Lebed' informed Halyts'ka that "larema," the leader of the OUNleadership in Odesa, had begun negotiations with the Romanians, inonnection with which she abso|utely needed to meet with ..Iarema,'

and transmit the demands of the sP oUN to the Romanian authori-ties. The demands were that the Romanian government must reog-nize thatthe oUN's strugg|e is just, re|ease Ukrainian poIitiaI prison-ers from jaiIs' reognize Ukrainians as a nationa| minority in Romania,permit the reation of a Ukrainian governorship on the territories ofBukovna and Bessarabia with the possibility of opening UkrainianshooIs, hurchs, and printing houses, and reognize the Ukrainianstate (in the event that one would be established) within its ethniborders.

Lebed' questioned Halyts'ka about possible andidates for theformation of a Ukrainian government in Bukovyna if favourable condi-tions arose. She named a few andidates with whih Lebed' on-curred. He instructed her to form a Ukrainian government if onsen-sus on this issue were reached with the Romanians. ln addition, Lebed'instruted Ha|yts'ka to |eave for Bukovyna after the Germans, with-drawal and organize an OUN network there. Later, she was to travel toRomania with ..|arema'' and with the he|p of the Romanians-if theagreed to the demands of the TsP OUN-and prepare passports forOUN members. Lebed' promised Halyts'ka that one day he wouldassign her to the Dip|omati Setion.

Shortly afterwards, Halyts'ka left for the Stanyslaviv area, whereshe met Mel,nyk, transferred ontrol over the Women's network ofthe oblast OUN leadership to the female underground member..Ha|yhanka,'' and then |eft Went to the Ko|omi