袁慧儀博士 Y V O N N E Y U A N , P H D

內容 CONTENT

- 當今運動禁藥問題

- 香港運動禁藥管制計劃

- 避免誤用禁藥

- 運動禁藥管制資訊

- The current doping

problem

- Hong Kong Anti-Doping

Programme

- Avoiding inadvertent

doping

- Resources for anti-

doping information

岩士唐 - 七界環法單車賽冠軍 - Livestrong基金會創辦人

Armstrong - 7 times Tour de France winner

- Livestrong finder

EPO

血液回輸

Blood doping

類固醇

Steroids

皮質類固醇

Cortico-

steroids

經

常

被

指

採

用

運

動

禁

藥

Being constantly alleged for using performance enhancing drugs (PEDs)

我從未有採用運動禁藥… 我曾接受超過500次藥檢，每次都成功通過。

I have never doped … I have passed more than 500

drug tests and never failed one.

2012年10月 2012 OCT

From Hero to Zero

一個史無前例的專業運動禁藥計劃 THE MOST SOPHISTICATED, PROFESSIONALIZED AND SUCCESSFUL

DOPING PROGRAM THAT SPORT HAS EVER SEEN

醫生 Doctor 經理 Team manager

教練 Coach

2013年1月 JAN 2013

岩士唐 Armstrong

抗衰老診所 Biogenesis

跑手 Runners

港口行動 Operation

Puerto

澳洲犯罪委員會 Australian Crime

Commission

供應 Supply

WHO’S CHEATING WHOM (錄像 VIDEO)

http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stori

es/2013/04/22/3740178.htm

現時的打擊運動禁藥措施足夠嗎? IS THE CURRENT ANTI-DOPING EFFORTS ENOUGH?

香港的運動禁藥問題現況？ WHAT’S THE CURRENT SITUATION IN HK?

香港運動禁藥委員會主理個案 DOPING CASES HANDLED BY HKADC

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2010 2011 2012

健美

舉重

Weightlifting

Bodybuilding

其他個案 OTHER CASES

2008 - 體育總會(賽內)

NSA (IC)

2009 - 體育總會(賽內)

NSA (IC)

2010 - 國際聯會(賽外)

IF (OOC)

2011 - 國際聯會(賽外)

IF (OOC)

2013 - 體育總會(賽內)

NSA (IC)

面對問題 THREATS

禁藥來源 Supply 誤用禁藥 Inadvertent doping

比賽壓力 Pressure to win

香港運動禁藥委員會宗旨 MISSION OF HKADC

• 致力為香港締造一個無運動禁藥的比賽環境

To preserve a doping-free environment in sport in Hong Kong

• 在香港執行符合「世界運動禁藥法規」的運動禁藥管制計劃 To implement an anti-doping

programme in HK that complies

with the World Anti-Doping Code

適用於香港的運動禁藥管制規條 ANTI-DOPING REGULATIONS IN HK

港協暨奧委會 - 運動禁藥管制規條 Anti-Doping Rules of SF&OC

香港運動禁藥委員會 - 運動禁藥管制規條

Anti-Doping Rules of HKADC

自2010年4月起所有單項體育總會已接納有關規條

All governing bodies of individual sports have adopted the regulations since April 2010

香港運動禁藥管制計劃架構 STRUCTURE OF HK ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME

上訴 專責委員會 Appeal Panel

港協暨奧委會

SF&OC

紀律 專責委員會 Disciplinary

Panel

香港運動禁藥委員會

HKADC

TUE專責委會 TUE Panel

禁藥管制專責委員會 Doping Control

Panel

香港運動禁藥委員會的工作 FUNCTIONS OF HKADC

檢測Testing

教育Education

服務Services

聯絡

Liaison

誤用禁藥

Inadvertent Doping

利用藥物治療傷病

Medicine

服用補充劑

Supplement

採用中草藥

Chinese herbal medicine

進食某些食品

Food substances

嚴格責任原則 An athlete is responsible for

the presence of any prohibited substance in his/her body

‘Unintentional’ use could not be used as an excuse

• 運動員需為自己使用的藥物和物質負責

• 「不知情」並非為抗辯理由

STRICT LIABILITY PRINCIPLE

風險 Risk

效益 Benefits

風險/效益評估 Risk/Benefit Analysis

更安全代替品? Safer alternatives?

有關補充劑的研究 STUDIES ON SUPPLEMENTS

2001 IOC 資助研究

634補充劑 (13國家, 215生產商)

15% 含有禁用荷爾蒙及其前體

2001 IOC funded research

634 supplements (13 countries, 215 manufacturers)

15% contained prohibited hormones and their

precursors

2007 美國研究

• 58種在美國出售補充劑

• 25% 含在運動界禁用的類固醇或刺激劑

2012 英國研究

• 127種不合法產品在市面發售

• 含有危險的類固醇、刺激劑及荷爾蒙

2007 study in USA

• 58 supplements sold in USA

• 25% contained steroids or

stimulants banned in sports

2012 study in UK

• 127 illegal products

available in the market

• Containing dangerous

steroids, stimulants and

hormones

FDA 於以往八年共撤回237 種補充劑

• 40% - 性功能產品

• 31% - 健美產品

• 27% - 減肥產品

另外110種補充劑並未撤回

FDA recalled 237 supplement over the past 8 years

• 40% - sexual-enhancement products

• 31% bodybuilding supplements

• 27% weight-loss supplements

Another 110 supplements not recalled

未列明物質 UNLISTED INGREDIENTS

Prohibited - Stimulants

運動禁藥 | 刺激劑

對補充劑的誤解 Myths about supplement

「天然」等同安全

‘Natural’ is safe

「天然」代表健康及有益

‘Natural’ is healthy and good

多一點代表更好

The more is better

運動員皆缺少某些營養

Athletes always miss something

大都錯誤 Mostly wrong

大都錯誤 Mostly wrong

陽性 藥檢

Positive test

潛在 副作用 Potential

side effects

補充劑的潛在危險 Potential risk of supplement

運動員相信

補充劑能 Athletes believe

supplement could

增加肌肉 Increase muscle

幫助恢復 Recovery

增強表現 Performance

代替品？ Alternative?

2650名來自6個歐洲國家的大學生

採用補充劑的學生

• X4 可能會採用運動禁藥

• 若認識採用禁藥的朋友，x7 可能會採用運動禁藥

2650 university students from 6

European countries

People who take nutritional

supplements

• 4 times more likely to engaged

in doping

• 7 times more likely to

participate if their friend doped

2006 研究 2006 STUDY

運動員應認真考慮不採用補充劑 Athletes should seriously consider NOT to take supplement

安全及效用 重金屬水平、殘餘農藥及微生物含量受監管 有效成份的化學結構及含量受監管

Safety and efficacy Level of heavy metals, pesticide residue, and

microbiological content being regulated

Chemical composition and concentration of active

ingredients under control

提煉及處理程序可導致污染的危險 Risk of contamination during processing

化學成份 不明 Unknown chemical composition

Prohibited - Corticosteroids

運動禁藥 | 皮質類固醇

跟濫用補充劑不同，

在註冊中醫師按病情需要處方中藥

Unlike abuse of supplement, CM prescribed by registered

CM practitioners

真正需要 Genuine need

豬肉

Pork

豬肝

Pig’s liver

古柯茶

Coco tea

罌粟子

Poppy seed

嗎啡 Morphine

可卡因 Marijuna

瘦肉精 Clenbuterol

他們有什麼相同? WHAT’S COMMON AMONG THEM?

德國提出的警告 (2011) WARNING ISSUED BY GERMANY (2011)

德國 科倫體育大學 預防運動禁藥研究中心

檢測28名從中國旅行到德國的旅客

當中22個尿液樣本含有克倫特羅

• Center for Preventive Doping

Research, German Sport

University Cologne

• analysed urine samples of 28

travellers, returning from

China to Germany,

• Clenbuterol was found in 22

samples

知情決策 Informed Decision

支緩人員 Support

Personnel

教練

Coach

風險 Risk

效益 Benefits

風險/效益評估 Risk/Benefit Analysis

更安全代替品? Safer alternatives?

• Banned under S0 as Non-

approved Substances

• Available through black markets

• Under development or

discontinued

GW501516 / Endurobol

endurance booster

AOD-9604 / Lipotropin

anti-obesity drug

• 屬於S0類別被禁用物質- 未獲批準物質

• 黑市販賣

• 在研究中或被終止

GW501516 / Endurobol

提高耐力物質

AOD-9604 / Lipotropin

减肥藥物

網址及 Facebook Website and Facebook

重要忠告

預防運動員及其他人士誤用禁藥或在不知情下違反運動禁藥規條 To avoid athlete and other persons inadvertently ingested prohibited substance or violated the anti-doping rules

教育資料 EDUCATION MATERIALS

委員會通訊 NEWSLETTER

通訊名單 MAILING LIST

定期接收資訊

重要忠告

實用提示

委員會通訊

Regularly receive

information

Advisory Notes

Tips and reminders

Newsletter

網上學習教材 E-LEARNING PROGRAMME

講座及工作坊 TALKS AND WORKSHOPS

Outreach Programme

運動員支援人員的角色及責任 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSONNEL

• 認識及遵守運動禁藥條例

• 對運動員藥物測試計劃提供協助

• 利用對運動員價值觀及行為的影響力，推動打擊運動禁藥問題

• To be knowledgeable of and

comply with anti-doping rules

• To cooperate with the athlete

testing programme

• To use their influence on

athlete values and behavior

to foster anti-doping attitude

適用於運動員支援人員的規條 RULES APPLICABLE TO ATHLETE SUPPORT PERSONNEL

• 干預或意圖干預運動禁藥管制的任何部份

• 藏有禁用物質或方法

• 非法販賣禁用物質或方法

• 提供或意圖提供禁用物質或方法給任何運動員，或幫助、鼓勵、協助、教唆、知情不報或參與及意圖參與其他相關的串通行為

• Tampering or attempted to tampering

with any part of Doping Control

• Possession of prohibited substance /

method

• Trafficking in any prohibited substance

/ method

• Administration or attempted

administration of prohibited substance

/ method to any athlete or assisting,

encouraging, aiding, abetting, covering

up or any other type of complicity

involving an ADRV

我可以做些什麼？ WHAT COULD I DO?