136

!?Ô - 中央大学H · ÿ ó"µ" 4£#",X. &A È ¹ Ô ZKSE H,X4£#"A× H ó ÈE Ô Ê ó> ¹ Ñ Y/Ä ,X H Ä 'E¯ 9 ` Ô ê4~ â È ¹ 4 bCD Î Z>DEÔ Ä7¾2002 Hüü2008 HE¢ 9 Z

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    9

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

i

2002 2008

2008

2008

---

� ii

2008 --

( GP)

2004 2006

� 2004

----

:

1 2

1 2

( 3 4 )

( 5 )

2009 2

( )

iii

:

1 :

1. �������������������������������1

2. �����������������������������������������8

3. ����������������������������������������16

2 :

1. ��������������������������������������21

2. ��������������������������������������22

3. ����������������������������������������27

4. ����������������������������33

5. ������������������������������40

3 1. ����������������������������������47

2. ����������������������������������������49

3. ����������������������������53

4. ������������������������������������57

5. ������������������������������������68

6. ����������������������������������77

4 1. ������������������������������������������87

2. ������������������������������������90

3. ������������������������������������95

4. ��������������������������������������97

5. �����������������������������������101

� iv

5

1. �����������������������������������������������109

2. �����������������������������������������������112

3. �������������������������������������������115

4. �������������������������������������������116

5. �����������������������������118

1. ���������������������������123

2. ���������������������������125

3. �������������������������������128

� 1�� � � 1�

1

1.

1.1

2008

2008

� 2

1990

Marshall(2005)

Hirshland(2005)(Corporate Social

Responsibility and Shaping of Global Public Policy)

:

1992

100

(NGO: Non Government Organization)

(WBCSD: The World

Business Council for Sustainable Development)

1999

(Kofi Annan) (Global

Compact) ”

1 2002

(WSSD: World Summit on Sustainable Development)

NGO (UN 1 (2004)

� 1�� � � 3�

business summit) 2

1.2� 3

;

B.Gazier J-P

Touffut (Touffut (2006)pp.3-4) 1954 Samuelson(1954)

1

social construct)

2

2 Hirshland, M.J.(2006),2-33 (2009)

� 4

3

(multi-agency)

4

1

X

x )( xXW �

x )(xC

:

)()()( xCxXWxNB ��� (1)

=dxdC

dxdW

� = (2)

x 1x 2x

)( 11 xC )( 22 xC (

;sector approach)

21 xxx �� (3)

)()()( 2211 xCxCxC �� (4)

(1) 1x 2x :

2

22

1

11 )()()(dxxdC

dxxdC

dxxdW

�� (5)

� 1�� � � 5�

(5)

1

1

dxdC

(5)

t

B

:

BtxxC �� 211 )( (6)

)( 2x�

:

)()( 2222 xCtxx ��� (7)

(6) *2x :

0)()(

2

*22

2

*2 ���

�dxxdCt

dxxd (8)

2x (5)dxdW

:

tdxxd

dxdW

��

�2

*2 )( (9)

(9)

(9) :

(9)

21 ,CC ( 0,0,0,0 2121 ���������� CCCC )

� 0,0 � ����� (8) :

01

2

*2 �

���� ����

Cdtdx

� 6

*2x t ( 0

*2 �dtdx )

:

))()(())(()())(( 211221121 ttxxCBtxCxCtxxW ������

1x t :

01

1

1

1 ���dxdC

dxdC

dxdW

0)( 22

2

2

22 ����dtdxtx

dtdx

dxdC

dtdx

dxdW

(5) :

)11()()()1()(

2

22

1

11 �������

tdxxdC

dxxdC

dxxdW (10)

)(2

2

xt

dtdx

��� (10)

( )

� )1( �� )01( � xxxx )1(, 21 �� ��� :

xxxxx )1(21 �� ����� (11)

(4) :

2

22

1

11 )()1()()(dxxdC

dxxdC

dxxdC �� ��� . (12)

(12)

���

���

����2

22

1

11

1

11 )()()1()()(dxxdC

dxxdC

dxxdC

dxxdC �

2

22

1

11 )()(dxxdC

dxxdC

� (5)

� 1�� � � 7�

2

3

4

? Lyon and Maxell(2004)

� 8

( Corporate Environmentalism)

4

2.� 4

2.1

:

( )

4 2 3 (2006f)

� 1�� � � 9�

2004 12 -

( )

2.22001

2002

5

5

� 10

< >

< >

< >

2004 3

2003 3 2004

< >

< >

<

>

2003

<

> <

>

� 1�� � � 11�

6

2004

7

GP

GP

2004 2005

1( ) 2 3(

) 2004 2005

604 504

8 2006 1-3

2 <

>

2007 1 < > 2007 3

2006

2003 2006

3 <

>

2005 < >

< > ”

2005

6 (2005a),(2006d),(2007b)7 2004 4 2008 38 (2006c)

� 12

4

9

2.3GP

( ) ( )

2004 2005

10

( )

2006 2

2004 6 9 (2007c)10 (2006c)

� 1�� � � 13�

3

2

2

2

<

>

?

2004

9

2 2005 8

2 1 2

2

2007

11

GP 11 (2007a)

� 14

2.4 ( )

NPO

4 1

(sustainable)

(livable) 2

3 Wheeler(2004)

12 4

3E Environment ( ) Economy( ) Equity( )

:

1 ---

A E

12 Wheeler(2004)41

� 1�� � � 15�

F G

A E A E F

G

1

1

(evaluation)” :

Mark Henry Julnes(2000)

:

Mark 4

: 1

2 3 4

� ;

� � �� (2006b),6 �

� ;�

� 16

13

3.

GP :

1

14

:

GP GP

13 (2005b) (2006c)14 (2003),(2005a),(2006b),(2007c)

� 1�� � � 17�

Anheir,H.K.(2005),Nonprofit Organizations : Theory, management, policy,

Routledge.

Gazier,B. and J-P Touffut (2006) “ Introduction: Public Goods, Social

Enactions,” in Touffut,J-P,(ed)(2006), Advancing Public Goods, The

Cournot Centre for Econimic Studies Series, Edward Elgar.

Lyon,T.P. and J.W.Maxwell(2004), Corporate Environmentalism and Public

Policy, Cambridge University Press.

Hirshland,M.J.(2005),Corporate Social Responsibility and Shaping of

Global Public Policy, Palgrave.

Mark,M. M,G.T.Grary, and G.Julnes(2000), Evaluation: An Integrated

Framework for Understanding, Guiding, and Improving Public and

Nonprofit Policies and Program, Jossey-Bass Inc.

Marshall,G.R.(2005),Economics for Collaborative Environmental

Management: Renegotiating the Commons, Earthcan.

Samuelson,P.A.(1954),�The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure,” Review of

Economics and Sattistics,36.pp.350-356.

� ������������ (2003)(2007 ��� )� ( !"#$%&'()*

+,-./01 ) !"#$23456789:;

� ��<= (2003)�>?@A/BCDEFG:H IJDK�L;

� ��<= (2005a)�MNOPQRS/TUBCDVWXYZ:H IJDK

�L;http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/approach-content

� ��<= (2005b)� !"#$&'0123456789[\,MN#$&

� 18

']^_`����MN#$&' 2005a:HbLcDdefEghiY

jklmnWXopq�2 J����rs9[\,MNtuvmn;

� ��< (2006c)��wxy[\,z{�#$|}~���( 2005a IJ

DD�/]^_:HbLcDdefEghiYjklmnWXopq�2

J����rs9[\,MNtuvmn;

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/hino2005.pdf

� ��<= (2006b)�����"MN���e�/~����:H IJDK

�L;http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/sus000

� ��<= (2006c)2����"MN#$~��MN#$��a����[�

�,MN#$��%�YS�(�a9H�BCD�� ( IJD ):� 46 �

� 3.4 �Hpp.117-140;

� ��<= (2006d) !"#$&'0123456789[\,MN#$&'

]^_`����MN#$&' 2006abLcDdefEghiYjk

lmnWXopq�2 J����rs9[\,MNtuvmn;

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/hachioji2006.pdf

� ���� (2006e),� !"#$%����%��6-./01#$Z ¡

¢£¤:¥¦§��;

� �� (2006f)2ef GP[��,JD[\,¨wxy/MNtuvmn9H�~

�)©:29 � 2 �H23-29 �;

� ��< (2007a)�MNtuv�����"OPQRSaz{�#$|}~�

��(�ª/«/¬­:HbLcDdefEghiYjklmnWXop

q�2 J����rs9[\,MNtuvmn;

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/hino-content.htm

� ��<= (2007b)� !"#$&'0123456789�����"MN

��`����MN#$&' 2007a:HbLcDdefEghiYjk

lmnWXopq�2 J����rs9[\,MNtuvmn;

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/hokokusho07.htm

� ��<= (2007c)�¨wxy�MN#$&'�����u`2� J���

�rs:[\,MNtuvmn9/®¯`:HbLcDdefEghiY

jklmnWXopq�2 J����rs9[\,MNtuvmn;

� 1�� � � 19�

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/symposium-content.htm

� ��<= (2007b)�#$OPQRS�°±²i³Y´µR¶�:H IJD

ef GP;http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/governance.pdf

� �� (2009)2TU·/¸��#$BCD9�M¹#$º»Y¼:12 �H#

$BCD/½R»¾R¼¿À� 12 ÁH106-110 �;

Touffut,J-P,(ed)(2006), Advancing Public Goods, The Cournot Centre for

Econimic Studies Series, Edward Elgar.

Wheeler,S.M.(2004),Planning for Sustainability : Creating livable,

Equitable, and Ecological Communities, Routlege.

Â�ÃÄ (2004),2ÅÆ�ÇÈÉS%ÊËoXYPÌ�°RÍ¢¼9�M¹#$

º»Y¼:9 �H11-19 �;

( )

( )

� 2�� � � 21�

1. 1

2007

1 2008

� 22

GRI Global Reporting Initiative

1

2.

Tirole(1994) Laffont(1995)

� 2�� � � 23�

2

1999 2002

2003b � (2005a)

(2002) 2000

(2003a)

(2004)

CSR

(2005f)

2005b

CSR

3

2 � (2006c)3 � (2005b) 5

� 24

� (2005b) (2006)

� (2007b)

GRI

� (2006c)

(2007)

GRI

GRI

� 2�� � � 25�

< > (

(2002) � (2003) (2007)

(2006))

Wong(2006)

ten Brink(2002)

< > GRI

GRI CSR

< >

(2006b)

2004

(2006f)

(PPP; Public

Private Partnerships)

Goss(2001) Nyssens(2006) Chobadian (2004) Vernis (2006)

2005d

(2005e) (2006e) (2007b) 3

(2006g) � (2006) 11 (2009a)

� (2009c) 12

< > �

2007 < >

< >

Plan Do See Check Action

PDCA <

> < >

(2005e)

� 26

(2006a) (2006e),(2007d),(2009a)

PDCA <

> � �

10

PDCA 4

< >

2006 JEPIX(Japan Environmental Policy Index)

JEPIX < >

< >

<

>

(2007) < >

� (2006c) 4 � (2009c)

� 2�� � � 27�

� (2007b)

GRI

GRI

GRI

GRI

CSR

SRI

3.

3.1�

( (2007a)

1994

� 28

2,270 2005 135 2006 16

5 10 2 11

5

( [2006]20 ) 8

8

2005 185 1994 5

35 6,300 159

500 70 152

5

6

7

(WBCSD:The World Business Council for Sustainable

Development) 2003

(CBCSD: The China Business Council for Sustainable Development)

8

1

5 (2007 3 )

6 1

7

(2009) CSR8 (2009)

� 2�� � � 29�

3.2

(2000)

y z

x e

p 1r 1

),( 11 exfy � (1)

� 30

z

2x

2e 2r 1

),( 22 exz �� (2)

E :

Eee �� 21 (3)

z

( )

,

q

q

q

q=0

2x 2x

2x

� 2�� � � 31�

2e

G

02 �� Geqz (4)

q z

p 1r 2r

Exrxrqzpy ������ 2211 (5)

)),((),(),( 2222222112211 GxreexqExrxrexqexpfL ��������� �� (6)

,,,, 2121 eexx Karush-Kuhn-Tucker

4

1

1

1 r

efxf

����

, (7)

(7)

1

2

2 �

��

xq

r� , (8)

(8) q

02 �e qe1

2

��� , (9)

02 �e qe1

2

����

(10)

1 (9) (10) 0AB9 z 2e 1

AB q z (9) (10) 9 (2000) 1 2

� 32

1

) (2000) 2

0A

A

AB q z

1

OA AB

AB

OA

2

2e

(q) 0q

0 A

B

� 2�� � � 33�

3

4.

4.1

2006b � 2006c 2007b 2004

2004

10

x )(x�

n

i

it

t :

��

�n

iitt

1

it

10 2005f

� 34

x ),( ii txV 11

:

),(1��

n

iii txV .

),( ii txV it

ttxVxNSB i

n

ii ���� �

),()(1

(11)

2004 (7) (8)

:

�� ��

��� n

i

ii

xtxV

dxxd

1

),()( (12)

1),(�

��

i

ii

ttxV , i=1,…,n (13)

Barrow(2004)pp.12-13

:

: 1.

; 2.

; 3.

; 4. (operationalisation)

11 2004 ),( ii txV i

� 2�� � � 35�

12 13

2004

12 0 x

2

),(1��

n

iii txV

)(x� )

� (1> � >0) �

x

it

12 13

),( ii txV i

),( ii txV

� 36

NPO

i

, iy

)( 1 nyyy ��� �

4.2(2006b) (4) (14)

(2004) (1) NB

i

)),((}),({)()(11

iii

n

iiii

n

ii txVtytxVyxNB � �������� ��

��

, 01 � (14)

: x

i � � tytxVyn

iiii ���

�1),()(� )(y�

� � 1

iy

)(y� y ( 0)( �� y� )

(14)

� ( 0���i )

( 0 � ) ( 0�� )

: i

� 2�� � � 37�

iy i

:

� ���

��n

iiii ytxVyW

1),()(�

yy��

��

�� i iy 1

:

Wy

�� (15)

(2004) (5) (5)

W �

x it 1 :

xtxV

Vdxd ii

n

i i

i

��

���

���� �

),()(1

� , (16)

.,,1,)(1 nitV

V i

i

i

i ����

���

�� � (17)

1 :

.,,1),(1 niVii ��

���

�� � ; (18)

(16) (17) (12) (13)

i

i

V��� i (18)

:

.,,1,1 niVii ����

��� � (19)

� 38

( � )

2 17 1

� 2005

2

i

i

V���

17

i

i

Vyt

VtV

���

��

��

���

)(

1

2

2

1

1

� (20)

20

2 B G

C G B C

2

2

1

1

���

���� VV (= )

� y

1 2 y 20

2 B C F G

� 2�� � � 39�

it

2�

20 :

0)(

2

2

2

�����

���

��

i

i

i

i

i

tVV

dyd

yt

(21)

3

iy

it (2007a) �

2007b) )(y�

GRI

2007

)(y� 2

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Hit

1

1

tV��

2

2

tV��

0

� 40

5.

2008 21

1 �

1CSR(

)CSR

CSR

,

,

CSR() �

� 2�� � � 41�

160

,

JBICNGO

CSRISO

()

CSR( )

CRS

CSR

CSR

CSR

� 42

2 ( )CSR(

))

( 5 )CSR (

)CSR

CSR(

)

()

() 4

()

6.2 1

CSR

CSR CSR

1 2007 9 5 7

2008 10

� 2�� � � 43�

xÎbÏ

Barrow,C.J.(2006), Environmental Management for Sustainable

Development, Second Edition, Routledge.

Wong,C.(2006), Indicators for Urban and Regional Planning: The Interplay

of Policy and Methods. Routledge.

Nyssens,M.(ed.)(2006), Social Enterprise: At the crossroads of Market,

Public Policies and Civil Society, Routledge.

Chobadian,A,Gallear,O’Regan and H.Viney(ed.) (2004),Public-Private

Partnerships: Policy and Experience. Palgrave, Macmillan.

ÐÑÒÓ (2006)2#$�~/#$ÔÕÖ×[��,ØÙÖ×9H� ��<=��

���"MN���e�/~����: IJDK�LH145-179 �;

ÚÛÜÝ (2006)2Þß#$01[��,#$�~� JEPIX VWXYZ/àá®

¯9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:11 � 88-119 �;

}âãHäåæçèH� �� (2002)2#$]^_é��-ê#ë��/ì¬9H

�M¹#$º»Y¼:6 �H24-27 �;

í�îï (2007)2Þß/MN��ðÏt*[��,ñL��rò/­ó9H�

��<=�#$OPQRS�°±²i³Y´µR¶�: IJDef GPH

119-146 �;

í�îï (2009)2�ôBC/oXYPÌv�z}Þß/õñö/ CSR t*`

Å[��,MN��/°±²i³Y´µR[÷ø�/��9H�M¹#$

º»Y¼:12 �H22-37 �;

� �� (1999)2ê#ë���#$Bù/úû�ü9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:11

�H10-16 �;

� �� (2000)2#$©ý�Þß/þ�E"ðÏ9H���b�� ��<=�M

¹#$©ý: IJDK�LH153-168 �;

� ��<= (2001)�#$É¡¼½Y¢/���a#$BCD/¬­: I

JDK�L;

� �� (2002)2TU·/�[��,�ù l� (NPO)/��`#$©ý%

��(�`9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:7 �H1-10 �;

� ��H}â�H���HäåæçèH}âã�2003a�2#$�~�>?@

� 44

AFG9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:8 �H9-32 �;

� ���2003b�2#$Bù[��,>?@AFG9H� ��<=�>?@

A/BCDEFG:H IJDK�LH319-341 �;

� ���2004�2Þß/��E��/BC¸�9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:9 �H

1-10 �;

� ��Häåæçè�2005a�2°S¼��É��¡¼FG9H�{�Ä<�#

$�~ A-Z�� 6 ��:HÇ�´��H118-123 �;

� ��Häåæçè�2005b�2Þß/#$Bù01� þ�!`#$�~/

"i#$Ro¶�/¸�E��¯EFG`9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:10 �H

1-34 �;

� �� (2005c)2MN��~�[��,%&�u�'(9H� IJDBCDL

)* 100 +,-.�b/:H235-246 �;

� �� (2005d)�MNOPQRS/TUBCDVWXYZ: IJDK�L;

� ��<= (2005e)� !"#$&'0123456789[\,MN#$&

']^_`����MN#$&' 2005`:H2 J����rs9[\,

MNtuvmn9bLcDdefEghiYjklmnWXopq;

� �� (2005f)2­óWXÈ ¢¼[�ø�0)/"i#$Ro¶�9H�­ó

12��3]:Å4560)H22 � 154-159 �;

� �� (2006a)2����"MN#$~��MN#$��a����[��,

MN#$��FG%�YS�(�a9H�BC�� ( IJD ):� 46 �H

� 3.4 �H299-322 �;

� �� (2006b)2����"MN��/|}"7Ì9H� ��<=����

�"MN���e�/~����: IJDK�LH1-14 �

� ��Häåæçè (2006c)2����"Bù���019H� ��<=��

���"MN���e�/~����: IJDK�LH 89-143 �;

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/sus000

� ��<= (2006d)�����"MN���e�/~����: IJDK�

L;

� ��<= (2006e)� !"#$&'0123456789[\,MN#$&

']^_`����MN#$&' 2006`:H2 J����rs9[\,

� 2�� � � 45�

MNtuvmn9bLcDdefEghiYjklmnWXopq8

� �� (2006f)2ef GP[��,JD[\,¨wxy/MNtuvmn9H�~

�)©:29 � 2 �H23-29 �;

� �� (2006g)2MN#$9:&'/��u�&';</=uFG9H�M¹#

$º»Y¼:11 �H1-19 �;

� ��<= (2007a)�#$OPQRS�°±²i³Y´µR¶�: IJDe

f GP;http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/governance.pdf

� ��Häåæçè (2007b)2����"Þß>?[��,°±²i³Y´µ

R/��9H� ��<=�#$OPQRS�°±²i³Y´µR¶�:

IJDef GPH7-75 �;

� ��H@}AB (2007c)2#$|}~�%?ø-MNOPQRS/��9H

� ��<=�#$OPQRS�°±²i³Y´µR¶�: IJDe

f GPH77-103 �;

� ��<= (2007d)� !"#$&'0123456789�����"MN

��`����MN#$&' 2007`:H2 J����rs9[\,MN

tuvmn9bLcDdefEghiYjklmnWXopq;

� �� (2008)2#$��Þß/����u�/¾RCR��DFG` Å[

��,EÜ���Þß/��E��`9H�BC�� ( IJD ):� 48 �

� 5�6 :F�H17-40 �;

� �� (2009a)2MN&'[��,01/�G�MHâàá/"YIFG9H

�M¹#$º»Y¼:12 �H28-63 �;

� ��Häåæçè (2009b)2Þß[J+,��E�K���ELM)*`

GRI O¾Ip¾R�#$NAO`9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:12 � P1-12 �;

� ��H@}AB (2009c)2MN#$|}~��*QE"��/RlS9H�M

¹#$º»Y¼:12 �H64-79 �;

JTUèVHWXYZ (2006)223456789[\,MN#$&'[|[6#

$M\/��9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:11 �H20-38 �;

Goss,S.(2001), Making Local Governance Work: Networks,Relationships and

the Management of Change, Palgrave Macmillan.

����#$L (2002)�����#$|}~�:ó)����;

� 46

������ ����� (2003)H��� (2007)� !"#$345678:

����#$L;

� ������� (2006)�#$Z ¡¢£DO:]^_¥¦§#$`;

@}ABH{aç� (2005)2#$|}~�[��,¨wxy�#$gh9H�M

¹#$º»Y¼:10 �b111-197 �;

ten Brink,B.(2002), Voluntary Environmental Agreements: Process,

Practice and Future Use, Greenleaf Publishing.

Vernis, A., M.lglesias, B.Sanz and A.Saz-Carranza(2006), Nonprofit

Organizations`Challenges and Cllaboration, Palgrave Macmillan.

c d (2009Hefg )2����"ó¬�Þß/��E��` Å[��,Üh

(EÜ�� )�e[i��9H�M¹#$º»Y¼:12 �H13-21 �;

( )

( � )

� 3� � 47

1978

1.

20 50

1.1

1.21978 1992

48

1978 1983

1984 -1991

10

1992 ---

� 3� � 49

2.

2004

2.1

2.2

2.2.1

11.1% 4.3% 42% 18% 7.3%

55.4%

50

2.2.2GDP

1000

GDP 2020 GDP

2.2.3

2010

50%

20% 60% 50%

21 80%

2.2.4

� 3� � 51

2.3

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.3.4

52

2.4

2.4.1

2.4.2

� 3� � 53

2.4.3

2.4.4

---

3.

2007

54

3.1

3.1.1

2005 12 48 52 60

1383.3 2006 3.14 2468.1

2006 4.66

3.1.2

3.1.3

13

1.5 377 9,000

1 194

10 84

10 2 5 4

3.1.4

� 3� � 55

3.1.5

3

29

3.1.6

3.2

3.2.12.4 58.1

36.1 3.4 72.0

2.2 79.1 1.2

ll3 44.2 54.9 0.9

6.2 500 ( )

281 56.2 25 171 34.2 75

65 13.0

3.2.2

75.2 58.6

92.9 84.7

64.1

3.2.3

56

3.2.417.6 16 0 l197

8.1 62.8 l3.7 23.5

1079 650 l54 346

3.2.5l9 2531 15188

303 9365.67

l2 61.7

3.3�2007

3.3.1197

407 I V V 49 9 26 5

23 6

62 8

4 9 l1 8 3 8 25 4

1 1

3.3.2

3.3.38 2 46

1 4 1O

3.3.4

� 3� � 57

27.3 2460

50 5 90 23

3.3.5

200

740

b 189 ,70

3.3.6

2008

12

4.

4.1

4.1.1

58

1 1

1986 1984

1984 1989 1982 1995

1991 1992 1982 1987

1991.1 1994

1979.9

4.1.21

7 7

2 2

8 30 t 2 30 t 2 15 3 0.4 30 t

0.3 5 t 0.5 20 t(m3) 10 60 t

2 10 t

1` 2007 272

� 3� � 59

3 3

50 0.5 10 20 50 0.4 8

20 0.3 6 0.2 4

4 4

1 1 2 101 -2 2 1.6 82 -3 3 1.3 6.5

3 1 5

3

4

60

5 5

60 320 16 60

20 60 32 80 1.2 24 4 32 2 4

6 6

150 1.20 151 500 1.60 501 1500 2.20 1501 3000 3.20 3001 10000 4.20 10001 5.00 10 0.60 11 50 0.80 51 150 1.00 151 300 1.20 301 1.40

2

1995

5

6

� 3� � 61

PPP 1993

20 70

20 90 2007

145.64

( ) 661

7 7

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )1985 8.92 34.34 1996 49.6 40.96 1986 10.7 11.90 1997 56.3 45.4 1987 13.6 14.28 1998 65.53 49.0 1988 16.0 16.09 1999 72.2 55.5 1989 18.3 16.74 2000 58.0 58.0 1990 18.8 17.52 2001 77.0 62.2 1991 20.6 20.06 2002 91.8 67.4 1992 22.3 23.81 2003 103.0 73.1 1993 25.4 26.80 2004 73.3 94.2 1994 30.0 31.0 2005 69.2 121.09 1995 36.8 37.1 2006 67.1 145.64

7 2007 2007 11

62

4.2

4.2.1

26 4

700

4.2.2

1

20 70

Ljk� Mr©lk�

m?noÜp)noMruòk

� 3� � 63

1949 1972

1972

1973 1981 20

1973

1982 1991

4 15 1983

1989

1992

64

2

20 70

� 3� � 65

?

1984 1984

1985

66

� 3� � 67

4.3

15

9

68

5.

5.1

5.1.180

1

2006

2005 3255

10493 3.22:1

2

2006 2

0.4

0.5

5.1.2

� 3� � 69

5.1.3

5.2 8.9

60 65

10% 7%

5.2.11950 1975 1950

4.5% 1975 4.4% 0.2

1975 2000 1975

4.4% 2000 6.8%

2000 2030

0.39% 2000-2015

2015-2030

8 21 1998.1 9 2001.5

70

2030 2050

5.2.21

20

1.32

1/5 1/2

2

18 115

85 60 45 25

3

65

7% GNP 1 GNP 800

4

2000

238 18.5% 2025 468.8 32.7% 2000

188 14.6% 2025 416

30%

5

60-69 70-79 80

� 3� � 71

70 70 5.4%

1990 800 2000 1100 2020 2780

5.2.3

1

1990 13.7%

2000 15.6% 2025 29.46% 2050 48.49%

2025 59.5% 2050

76.8%

2

3

1985 1997

12 327 3043 10

149 2068 12

4

72

5

5.2.4 10

1

2010 60 1.74

12.78 2030

25

2

3

60 1/4

3250 5

4

5

10 2006 9 22

� 3� � 73

5.3 11

16

8 1993 2007 12

1

11 2005 2212 2007 43

%1993 420.1 2.6 1994 470.4 2.8 1995 519.6 2.9 1996 552.8 3.0 1997 576.8 3.1 1998 571.0 3.1 1999 595.0 3.1 2000 595.0 3.1 2001 681.0 3.6 2002 770.0 4.0 2003 800.0 4.3 2004 827.0 4.2 2005 839.0 4.2 2006 846.0 4.1 2007 858.0 4.0

74

8 -10

2

35

5 1/3 6

18

10

40

20

3

1000

� 3� � 75

WTO

1000

5.4

5.4.1

1951

1951

1969

20 80

76

1984

1949 1955 +

1956 1983 +

1984 + +

5.4.2

� 3� � 77

1 2006

2.1% 5.2%

2

1991---2005 GDP 15% 0.18%

90 13

5.4.3

6.

13 2008 3

78

6.1

6.2

,

1

, ,

2

q

3

,

(

),

, ,

� 3� � 79

4

,

5

,

6.3

6.3.1 2003 10 CBCSD)14

CBCSD)

World Business Council for Sustainable Development

2003 10

14 :http://www.cbcsd.org.cn/

80

6.3.2

2006 11

6.3.32006

6.3.4 1+32007

13 CBCSD 34

1+3

1+3

6.3.5

2006 -----

1.61 ----- 5215

------890

6.3.61

� 3� � 81

2006

3 22 2006 7 4

2

2005 100

2005 2006

2007

4-7

2005 2006 2007

6.4

6.4.1

2006 10 95

1570 87

6.4.2

82

6000

1800 55

2000 15

6.4.3

30 90

80 2100 90

3436

2 40

20

2

16 20 60 20

45

200

6.5

15 200612

� 3� � 83

1

2

,

,

, ,

, ,

,

,

3 GDP 16 GDP

GDP

GDP

( )

( )

16 GDP [M] 2007 8

84

:

GDP

GDP

GDP

EDP Eco-Domestic Products

EDP= - - EDP= + +

+ EDP= +

+

EDP EDP EDP

EDP

1989

� 3� � 85

1999 ---

2000

2000

2001

2001

2004

2004 ( )

2004

2004

2005

2005 3 67-81

2005

3 25-40

2006 2006

2007 2007

2007

( )

� 4� � 87

4

1.

1.115 3 120 20 101

1795 3829 2005 1043

120

11760 189 117

7399 4361 1290.814

153.334 1137.48

2005-2020

1.2 1

1978

2007

1 2007 2008 2008 1 29

88

2008

1.2.15018.3 15.1% 6022

1204.3 30.1% 2.7

2388.6 29.1% 1603.7 18.2%

381.6 13.8% 52.8 27.8%

4.4% 4.03% 4%

33 3.6% 16357 14.5%

8752 10.2% 4.2%

1.2.24

A320

100

25

20.5% 47.1% 2.1

1.2.31 18.2%

99% 72.4%

21

3 34.6% 32%

7% 94.2%

� 4� � 89

30 14%

2.9 6.6 2.5

3.1 20.1% 710.2 19.4%

386.1 12.5 39.5% 29.2%

13

10

( )

30

4

1.5

1856 R&D 2.2% 17%

1.2.4" " 20 20

20 35%

60 22

50

26 1412 213

1.2.5

115.2 1000

83.8% 500 7 128

612 41.7% 1290 26.6%

2.

[2006]20

90

2.1

2270

2005 135

1994 112.4 2007 2364.08

20.6% 2 2007 1204.3 1994 5

2007 260 50 500 70

152

2.2

1

40 , 170 , 110 ,

,

2

500 70

3

� 4� � 91

20

170 300 70%

55% 42% 59%

50% 35%

4

5

42 50

44

6

1199

98 32 2000

2000

3000

343

3 11

600 1800-2000

240

2.3

2.3.11

92

2

3

4

2010

40% 90%

2.3.2

T

,

2.4 2006 ---2010

� 4� � 93

2.4.1

2010 2300 350

2010 50%

100 200

2.4.2

2010 3

1000 560 50

2000

1

30

2

3

2010 650

58%

94

2.4.32010 20%

30% 95%

1

2

3

2.4.41

2

3

4

15%

5

� 4� � 95

3

3.1

3.1.1

3.1.250

2007 2824

28%

3.1.3

3.1.4

96

3.2

3.2.1 ,,

, ,

,

20%,

7- 8% ,

, ,

, ,

,

3.2.21 ,

, 46%

, ,

1/4- 1/3

2

,

, ,

3.2.3 ,, 1%

, ,

, :

; ;

,

3.3

� 4� � 97

--- 2006 95.24

GDP 2.18 2

1 2005

2141 37 30 1682.37

78.6 3

2

3

4

1

4.

4.1 4

4.1.12000-2005

2005 6208 10 /

220 /

75 / 75 / 95%

2005

2 http://www.stats.gov.cn 3 2007 34 2006 3

98

298 81.6

4.1.22000-2005

14 191

64.2 34.14

8 12

83

8

2005 100%

100 V 59.5%

71 95%

4.1.363

“ ”

2005 68.0 (A)

54.9 (A) 82.4%

4.1.4

4.1.52000-2005

� 4� � 99

166742 13%

7

120

4.1.6

“ ” “ ”

( )

“ ”

4.2 5

2007

320 87.7%

100% 100%

67.7

54.7 0.2

144.73

5 2007 2008 1

100

2.88% 43.79

2007 13.73 (14.30 ) 4% 2005

(14.60 ) 5.97% 24.47 (25.50 ) 4.03%

2005 (26.50 ) 7.65% 2.1%

9 12

314

86% 27 100%

4.31

2

3

4

� 4� � 101

5

6

7

5.

5.1

5.1.12006 2020

“ ”

“ ”

2010

“ ” 2015

2020

5.1.2

2010

102

2015

2020

2010

13.1

2020

2010

24

2020

2010

2020

� 4� � 103

2010 1 2 3

2020 1 2 3

4

50%

2010

2020

1 2006 —201012 10%

33% 3 124 5 10 1001 80 962 V 69%

r 23% 3 95%4 90% 5 986 307 60% 8 13.11 80%2 983 24 13.1

10.91 98% 2 100% 3 90% 1 70dB A2 56dB A1 “ ” 100% 2 100% 3

2006 3

104

2

1993 82002 42002 92003 102004 12004 72004 72004 72004 71999 11999 122000 62004 71998 61998 8

1998 11 ( )

1998 12

2000 92000 92001 72001 72003 71995 81996 111999 91999 112000 52002 12002 72004 2

http://www.tjhb.gov.cn

5.21

� 4� � 105

2

3

5.31

2

3

4

5

5.41 ,

106

2

“ ”

3

,

, “ ”

4

,

; ;

5

1982

2001

2002 4 33-40

� 4� � 107

2003

2003

2003

2004

2004

2005 6

126-130

: 2006 19

97-107

2006

2006 --

2007

2007

6 91-96

( )

� 5� 109

5

864.9

900 39.4

4.1% 84% 10%

6%

2007 4514 31

1426.4 3087.6 1360

1000 3

5000 26 25

15

1.

1.1

1.1.11500-2200

3000-4000 -- 6740

-- 76.4

6740

1.1.2

3 1.8

151 42.6%

44.3% 33.6%

110

1.1.3150 93%

3 92 2700

13% 2/3

1.1.42222 m3

1600 m3 1 m3 4

( )

1

37 300 m3

20 m3

20

� 5� 111

200

2007

1.1.5

170

66

19

1.1.6

500 /

90%

1.220 GDP

7

1.2.1

60 78

� 33

20

112

� 6.2 70

2010 41.5 47.5

m3 2020 42.8 44.8 m3

30

20

1.2.2

� 43.3

26.7 20.6

60 22

37 16.2

42.21 35.3

1 3

5.5

83.4

2005

2.

� 5� 113

5 8 2007 619.33

230

2.1 2007

2.1.12007 GDP 1393.69 12.5

22578 5.6 14.9

11.1 25.9 25.0

17.6%

2.1.23

89.67 41 2937

98%

5

2.1.3

12083

6.1% 4003 7.1% ,

2.2

2.2.12007 8 4

114

2.2.2

57

2.2.3

2007 57 86% 24.6% 31

25 6

2.2.4

2.2.5

18

96

2.2.6

� 5� 115

2008

3.

3.11915 5 3 12

12 20

1916 9 1918 5 2

1034m3 9.5

1949 1100m3

22 5.31 1918 1957

2007 6 37.34

136 m3 100

1710 37.03 190

10

3.2

2007 3

2008

116

3.3

3.3.12.87 , 6500

2020 107

95 70.78

3.3.21.7 m3 1.04 m3

1.69 m3

72.85 58.08

2007 10 29 4

1.04 m3

2025

3.3.34.42

1 2 97.72

2.5 80 156

4.

4.12007 22820

20724.56 18402

14884 71.82%

� 5� 117

55.5 m3 1990 2008

9 17.31 m3 66.40

2007 5609.46 m3

GB18918 2002 B

A 2402.75 m3

921.74 m3

450 m3 361.12 m3

669.89 m3 2007

“2008 ”

“2008 ”

“2008 ”

4.271.82%

4.32007 4 29

38.7 231 2012

2007

70

118

385

11

43.5 m3

99 m3

GB 18918 2002

2007 8 22

15 m3 21

m3 20 m3

A

6.93 2007

5.

5.1

5.1.1300 15

m3 1886.5 163 11

5

30

55.5

70

� 5� 119

5.1.231 20 192

6.04 m3

26596 2002

6 2008 6

V

2

2007.1--2008.5 2008.6 2008.7 2008.8 2008.9.10 2008.9.16

mg/l

0.005---0.036 0.055 0.091 0.111 0.124 0.128

2008

2008 9 12

3

0.05 /

26

12

2008

5.1.3

1 2008

V sV 0.57 79.18

V sV 0.51 64.3

II II 4.43 31.8

2008

120

100 km2 61 53

7 1

2005

29 13 4

9

2008

5.2

5.2.12005

63% 76% 66%

5.2.2

5.2.3

5.3

5.3.12010

� 5� 121

2006 2010

5.3.21

GB

18918-2002

� 2010

20

60%

75%

2

3

122

. . , 2007,26(4):34

. GDP ( ).

2005.04

. 2007 . 2008.02.18

. 2007 . 2008.06.01

. 2007 .

http://www.dianchi.gov.cn. 2007.12.11.

. .

http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2007-04/29/content_602123.htm. 2007.04.29.

. . 2007.08.31, 08:45

.

2008 . 2008.07.31

. . . 2008.09.23.

. -- .

http://www.chinanews.com.cn/gn/news/2008/11-07/1440522.shtml,

2008.11.07, 04:09.

. .

http://slj.km.gov.cn/structure/fxkh/content_84699_1.htm, 2008.12.25

. 2006 2010

� 123

: ( )

2007 1 38

,

100

1.

1.1

200 38 2

2

1.238 ,

10 , , , 3 , ,

, ,IT 2 , , , , , , ,

1

1.3

1 (2007)

GP

http://c-faculty.chuo-u.ac.jp/~hiroshig/governance.pdf pp.119-146

2 6( )

124

1.4 GRI CSR

,

GRI

, GRI

1.51 4

4 1

(91 ), 3

34

4-3 28

2-1 6

1

38

(2007)

1. � 2. 3. 4.

1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 2-1 2-2 2-3 3-1 3-2 4-1 4-2 4-3

��

27 13 23 11 17 6 23 7 7 27 26 21 28

91 36 34 74

71% 34% 61% 29% 45% 16% 61% 18% 18% 71% 68% 55% 74%

� 125

68% 74% ,

2 2-3 � 3

3-1 �

2.

2.12

10 3 6.7 1.92

1 38 7 9

2.22, ,

, 0,

(

) ,

2

10 6.7 1.42 3 5.7 1.16

3 6.3 1.77 3 9 1

3 6.7 2.31 2 10 0 2 6 1

2 4.5 1.5 IT 2 5.5 1.5

1 4 0 1 9 0 1 5 0 1 7 0

1 4 0 � 1 7 0 � 1 8 0

: 1

126

1

: (2007)(p.140)

2.3, 38

7 , 1.79,

3

2.4

5 ,

18 , 38

60 , ,

2.53 10

Y 3 Y

� 127

3Y3.9 8 2.7 4 1.3 3 4.7 7 3.7 6 3.5 4 3.5 5 2.0 3

IT 2.0 2 0 0 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 2

� 3 3 � 5 5

1

2.61

t

4 y t

16 , t y 4 20 , 5

b IT 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 5

4 t y

1

1. � 2. 3. 4.

1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 2-1 2-2 2-3 3-1 3-2 4-1 4-2 4-3

��

t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y 10 17 4 9 11 12 3 8 8 9 1 5 9 14 4 3 2 5 17 10 9 17 14 7 23 4

128

, ,

,

2.7,

. 2

, 1 , 0 ,

, t,y

, 5 , ,

, t

y ,

5

t y t y

0.56 0.72 -0.21 0.63

1

3.

200 38 2

10

3 3

,

60 t 3

10 38 26

t y

y t 16 t y 18 t y 4

t y

� 129

t t

GRI ,

GRI

130

u�v

�w�

t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y t y ��� t y1 1 1 1

11 1 1 1 9 5 4

20 2

2 22

10 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 6 3

20 2 2 1 2

9 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 4 3

10 2 2

12

8 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 0 6

12 2

1 12

9 01 1

11 1

11 7 4 3

1 02 1 1 2

7 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 2

20 2 2 2 2

10 01 1 1 1 4 4 0

00 1 1 0 2

4 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 3 3

01 1 1 1 2

6 01 1 1

11 1 1 7 6 1

10 2 2 2 2

9 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 2

10 2 1 1 2

7 01 1 1 1 4 2 2

11 1

11 2

7 01 1 1 1 1

11 1

11 10 7 3

10 2

2 22

9 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

11 12 9 3

2 02

2 22

10 01 1 1 3 1 2

02 1

0 02

5 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 2

10 1

2 12

7 01 1 1 1 1

11 1 1

11 11 9 2

10 2

1 12

7 01 1 1 1 1 5 4 1

10 2 1 1 2

7 01 1 1 1 1

11 1 1 1 10 2 8

02 2 1 1 2

8 01 1 1 1 1 5 0 5

02 2 2 1 2

9 01 1 1 1 4 3 1

1 01 1 0 2

5 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 6

02 2

2 02

8 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 9 5 4

20 2 1 1 2

8 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 5

02 1 1 1 2

7 01 1 1 1 1 1

11 8 5 3

10 2 1 1 2

7 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 3 5

02 2 1 1 2

8 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 6 0

1

0 1 1 0 2

5 01 1 1 3 2 1

0 00 1 0 2

3 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 5

02 1 1 0 2

6 01 1 1 1 4 2 2

01 1 1 0 1

4 01 1 1 1 4 0 4

02 1 1 0 1

5 01 1 1 3 1 2

0

2 1 0 0 1

4 01 1 1 3 0 3

02 1 1 0 1

5 01 1 1 1 4 2 2

0

1 1 1 0 1

4 01 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 5

02 1 1 0 1

5 01 1 1 1 1 5 2 3

02 1 1 0 1

5 01

1

1 3 1 2

0

2 1

1 0

1

5 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 7

02 2

1 12

8 01 1 1 1 4 1 3

02 1

11 2

7 0

� � � �

��

Hiroshige TANAKA

Hiroshige TANAKAJun YE Meng ZHAO)

Chuan YANG Min ZHU

�� ¬EHN:�xy��

oXYPÌ��[��,����"MNÆz/{lS

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

2009, 3| 1z� }�� 1~ó)� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ���

<=�� �� 20,�bLcDd2�/�øJDghØìWXopq9� � � � 2MNtu�¾RI%�+,���ß�/��9

� � � � Øì���� � � ��

2008,�� �� <����JDEgh��r��(gh GP) �� � �HN� E�� ��

�� � � � ��

ó)�� z} IJDBCDLgh GP� � � � �192-0393� �������� { 742-1 � � � � IJDBCDL�� ���

� � � � E-mail:[email protected] � � � � URL: http://www2.chuo-u.ac.jp/econ/gp � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

��7�¾R/VY¼�� ¡�