现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )

1. 表示刚刚结束的动作 , 常和 already, just, yet, now, not yet 等连用 . 例如 :

(1) Tom has just turned off the light.

(2) I have already finished my homework.

(3) They haven’t heard from Sam yet.

现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )

2. 表示过去发生的动作对目前所造成的影响 . 例如 :

(1) I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.

(2) She has lost her ticket. She can’t go to the concert this evening.

现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )

3. 表示经验经历 , 常和 ever, never, often, always, once, twice, three times, before 等连用 . 例如 :

(1) Have you ever visited the USA?

(2) I have never been to a swimming pool.

(3) He has flown to Los Angeles before.

(4) She has always wanted to meet Enya.

现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )

4. 表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 , 常和 since + 过去时 , for + 时间段 , recently, lately, these days, this week, in the past few days, during the last two weeks, so far, up to now, until now 等连用 . 例如 :

(1)They’ve known each other since 1995.

(2) Tony has studied Chinese for a year.

现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )

5. 区别 : have / has been to 表示去过某地 , 已经回来 ; have / has gone to 表示去了某地 , 还未回来 . 例如 :

(1) Betty has been to China. She knows a lot about Chinese culture.

(2) --- Where’s Mr Yu? --- He has gone to Beijing. He will be back in a week.

现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )

6. 注意 : 当现在完成时跟表示持续的时间状语连用时 , 不能使用终止性动词 .

(1) Tom has come for two hours. (×)

(2) Tom has been here for two hours. (√)

下面我们来看看，如何把终止性动词转换成延续性动词 .

终止性动词转换成延续性动词become bebuy vha eborrow k peecatch a cold have a cold

get to know knowput on w rea

leave w kbe a adie be deadarrive in/at nk tbe i acome to nk tbe i ajoin m m r o kbe a e be f b ne i

start onbefinish ov rbe e

终止性动词转换成延续性动词

I became a teacher in 2001.

I became a teacher 7 years ago.

I have been a teacher since 2001.

I have been a teacher for 7 years.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词

He bought a computer last week.

He has had a computer since last week.

He has had a computer for a week.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词She borrowed a book in July.

She borrowed a book two months ago.

She has kept the book since July.

She has kept the book for two months.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词Tom caught a cold yesterday.

Tom has had a cold since yesterday.

Tom has had a cold for a day.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词They left the space station last Monday.

They have been away from the space station since last Monday.

They have been away from the space station for two days.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词His grandfather died in 2004.

His grandfather died four years ago.

His grandfather has been dead since 2004.

His grandfather has been dead for four years.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词The orchestra arrived in Dalian last week.The orchestra arrived in Dalian a week

ago.

The orchestra has been in Dalian since last week.

The orchestra has been in Dalian for a week.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词His parents came to China last month.

His parents have been in China since last month.

His parents have been in China for a month.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词Charlie joined the army in 2006.

Charlie has been in the army since 2006.

Charlie has been a soldier for two years.

Charlie joined the League in 2006.

Charlie has been in the League since 2006.

Charlie has been a member of the League for two years.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词The film started at 7 o’clock.

The film has been on since 7 o’clock.

The film has been on for half an hour.

终止性动词转换成延续性动词The football math finished at 5.

The football math has been over since 5 o’clock.

The football math has been over for 20 minutes.