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『資訊檢索技術的新驅勢』研討會 智慧型代理人 Intelligent Agents. 許永真 臺灣大學資訊工程研究所 October 22, 1998. Outline. Agents: An Introduction Agent-Oriented Software Design Prototype Agents Email Agent Personal Information Search Agent AutoPrint Agents Bibliography Agent Concluding Remarks. The Problem. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Outline
Agents: An Introduction Agent-Oriented Software Design Prototype Agents
Email AgentPersonal Information Search AgentAutoPrint AgentsBibliography Agent
Concluding Remarks
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The ProblemIf agents are the solution.....
.....What is the problem?
People are constantly suffering fromToo much workToo much informationToo little timeAlmost everything you need is there,
but you simply can’t get it (done)!
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Using Computers Today Sample task:
Print out the paper attached in a mail received today.
Metaphor: computers as toolsDirect manipulationPassive
Bloatware: big, fat software Graphical, but non-intelligent interface Lack of inter-application communications
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An Alternative View
“The situation that a computer user faces today is completely different. Suddenly the computer is a window into a world of information, people, and software… And this world is vast, unstructured, and completely dynamic. It’s no longer the case that a person can be in control of this world and master it….” P. Maes (1997)
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Software AgentsSoftware that is
proactivepersonalized, andadapted
Software that can actuallyact on behalf of peopletake initiative, andmake suggestions
Metaphor: personal assistantdelegationindirect management
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Essential Features of Agents
AutonomousPersonalized (user-centered)Task/goal-orientedCommunicativeCollaborativeReactive to environmental changesEvolutionary/adaptive
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Software Design Models
Ad hoc software development
Waterfall approach
Structured programming
Object-oriented programming
Distributed/networked programming
Agent-oriented programming
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Agent-Oriented Design
Design a collection of agents Interface agents Task agents Service agents
An agent communication mechanism Communication language Communication protocol
Multi-agent framework Plug-and-play architecture
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Multi-Agent Architecture
Client
Server
Server
Server
InterfaceAgent
TaskAgent
TaskAgent
TaskAgent
TaskAgent
ServiceAgent
ServiceAgent
ServiceAgent
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Client-Agent-Server Model
Clients request forInformationGoal achievements
Servers provideDataServices/Resources
AgentsData --> Information --> KnowledgeServices --> Sequence of actions, i.e. Plans
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Agent-based Service Framework
Share resources across the network Avoid unnecessary duplications
Automate task execution Avoid tedious/erroneous manual process
Personalize services Personal/group profile management
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Email Agent
Key functionality: Classification Prioritization
Require minimal user feedback
Update user preferences
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Personal Information Search Agent
Functionality: Personalized quer
y refinement Online feedback
Architecture: Meta search Proxy-based Authentication
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The Myth about Keywords
Relevant information can be found using keyword-based methods. e.g.Search for relevant documentsFilter undesirable informationExtract useful information
Are keywords sufficient to satisfy most of our informational needs?
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The Information Food Chain [Etzioni,1997]
Agent-based intelligent services Softbots: personal assistants for
emailwhite pageshoppingentertainment recommendation etc.
Search Engines, Indices & Directories Spiders & Software Robots World Wide Web
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Ethernet Ethernet
Router
R120 R217
IBM laser printer
IBM laser printer
hp5 sparc
agent:SunOs 4
super:SunOs 5 ntucsn:SunOS 4
ntucsv:SunOs 5
PrintAgentuncompressUcpopPlannerprint2hp5
dvi2psgunzippdf2psprint2hp5
uncompressdvi2ps
uncompressgunzip
AutoPrint AgentsFunctionality: script generation service allocation resource sharing
Features: Autonomous Fault tolerant Flexible
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Web
User InterfaceAgent
Agent Request Broker InfraStructure
Bibliography Agents
BibTeXAgent
LibrariesLibraryAgent
YahooAlta Vista
Lycos
SearchAgent
DBLPAgent BibDB
URLAgent
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Concluding Remarks Agents will change the way we
Design and use software Utilize shared computational resources
Essential features of software agents Autonomous User/task-oriented Distributed/collaborative
IR techniques help build better agents Agent technology can support intelligent
& personalized information retrieval
