Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
77 1393ز و زمستان ييسال سوم، شمارة دوم، پا
2يباغ ن قرهيحس، 1هايمحمدرضا محمدعل [email protected]، مهندسي صنايع، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران، تهران ةمركز تحقيقات جوش و اتصال دانشكدار ياستاد 1
آزمايشگاه خستگي و شكست دانشكدة مهندسي مكانيک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران، تهران، هوافضا يمهندس ناس ارشدشكار 2
14/11/1393افت: يخ دريتار 16/12/1393رش: يخ پذيتار
I
هوافضا يدانش و فناور نشريه 78
AL 5052
6082-T67108-T79
7050-
T7451
6061-T651
6061-T6
AL 5083
I
I
79 1393زمستان ز و ييپاسال سوم، شمارة دوم،
6061-T6
درز جوش طوليشکل با اي شماتيک از پوستة استوانه يي. نما1شکل
هوافضا يدانش و فناور نشريه 80
[24گون گلداک ] منبع حرارتي، مدل دو بيضياز شماتيک ينماي. 2شکل
6061-T6
آلومينيومي ةبعدي پوست دل المان محدود سه. م3شکل
81 1393زمستان ز و ييپاسال سوم، شمارة دوم،
اري قوسـد جوشکـينبراي فرا دمايي ـةايج تاريخچـ. نت4شکل
شده آلومينيومي تحليل ظبا پوشش گاز محافظ در پوست تنگستن
شده حاصل تحليل ةنتايج تنش پسماند طولي در پوست. 5شکل
ظـاز محافـوشش گـن با پـوس تنگستـاري قـد جوشکـينااز فر
T6 [26]-6061 . خواص حرارتي و مکانيکي وابسته به دما براي آلومينيوم آلياژ1جدول
I
II
III
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
ا دم
(س
يوسسل
ه جرد
) (ثانيه)زمان
-50
0
50
100
150
200
0 5 10 15 20 25
ي ول
طد
انسم
پش
تن(
لکا
سپاگا
م)
(ميليمتر)فاصله از خط جوش
هوافضا يدانش و فناور نشريه 82
φ
ca
خارجي استوانهة . ترک سطحي طولي در جدار6شکل
بيضوي طولي نيمه ة ضرايب شدت تنش براي ترکمحاسب
بندي استوانه . تقسيم7شکل
دار ترک ةبراي مدلسازي پوست
بندي اطراف جبهة ترک براي مدلسازي ترک نيم بيضوي . تقسيم8شکل
83 1393ز و زمستان ييسال سوم، شمارة دوم، پا
KI
J
IKI
IIIII
I
Iφ
I
I
I
I
I
I
0
0KI
90
هوافضا يدانش و فناور نشريه 84
API RP
– 579PD 6493
بندي اطراف نوک ترک . مش9شکل
ترک ة زواياي مختلف جبه I. نمودار توزيع ضريب شدت تنش مود 10شکل
هاي مختلف ترک طولي و تحت بارگذاري فشار داخلي در براي اندازه
دار استوانه جدارنازک ترک
براي يک سري از I. نمودار توزيع ضريب شدت تنش مود 11شکل
حضور ميدان تنش هاي ترک طولي تحت بارگذاري فشار داخلي و در اندازه
پسماند جوشکاري
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
ک يود
مش
تنت
شدب
ريض
(M
Pa.
mm
0.5
)
(درجه)زاويه جبهه ترک
c/t=5/8 c/t=6/8 c/t=7/8
c/t=8/8 c/t=9/8 c/t=10/8
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
ک يود
مش
تنت
شدب
ريض
(M
Pa.
mm
0.5
)
(درجه)زاويه جبهه ترک
c/t=5/8 بدون تنش پسماند
c/t=5/8 با تنش پسماند
c/t=10/8 بدون تنش پسماند
85 1393زمستان ز و ييپاسال سوم، شمارة دوم،
6061-T6
HAZ
I
0
KI
KIKI
c/t = 5/8c/t =
10/8
6061-T6MPa m0.5
[1] Li, Jun, Jian G. Yang, Hai L. Li, De J. Yan, Hong
Y. Fang. “Numerical simulation on bucking
distortion of aluminum alloy thin-plate
Weldment.” Frontiers of Materials Science in
China 3 (1), 2009, pp. 84-88.
[2] Cañas, J., R. Picón, F. Pariís, A. Balzquez, J.
Marín. “A simplified numerical analysis of
residual stresses in aluminum welded plates.”
Computers & Structures 58 (1), 1996, pp. 59–69.
[3] Frigaard, O., O. Grong, T. Midling. “A process
model for friction stir welding of age hardening
aluminum alloys.” Metallurgical and Materials
Transactions A 32 (5), 2001, pp. 1189-1200.
[4] Ulysee, P. “Three-dimensional modeling of the
friction stir-welding process.” International
Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 42
(14), 2002, pp. 1549-1557.
[5] Khandkar, M.Z.H., J.A. Khan, A.P. Reynolds.
“Predictions of temperature distribution and
thermal history during friction stir welding: input
torque based model.” Science and Technology of
Welding and Joining 8 (3), 2003, pp. 165-174.
[6] Chen, C.M., R. Kovacevic. “Finite element
modeling of friction stir welding-thermal and
thermo mechanical analysis.” International
Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 43
(13), 2003, pp. 1319-1326.
[7] Zaeem, Mohsen A., M.R. Nami, M.H. Kadivar.
“Prediction of welding buckling distortion in a
thin wall aluminum T joint.” Computational
Materials Science 38 (4), 2007, pp. 588-594.
[8] SattariFar, Iraj, M.R. Farahani. “Effect of the
weld groove shape and pass number on residual
stresses in butt-welded pipes.” International
هوافضا يدانش و فناور نشريه 86
Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 86 (11),
2009, pp. 723–731.
[9] Roelens, J.B. “Numerical simulation of some
multipass submerged arc welding determination
of the residual stresses and comparison with
experimental measurements.” Welding in The
word 35 (2), 1995, pp. 17-24.
[11] Runnemalm, Henrik, R. Lin. “Investigation of
Residual Stresses in a Laser Welded Pipe by
Finite Element Simulations and Neutron
Diffraction Measurements”, the 5th International
Conference on Residual Stresses, Linköping,
Sweden, 1997.
[12] Mochizuki, Masahito, Makoto Hayashi, Toshio
Hattori. “Numerical Analysis of Welding
Residual Stress and its Verification Using
Neutron Diffraction Measurement.” ASME
Journal of Engineering Materials and
Technology 122 (1), 2000, pp. 98-103.
[13] Underwood, J.H. “Stress intensity factor for
internally pressurized thick walled cylinders.”
ASTM National Symposium on Fracture
Mechanics 5 (3), 1971, pp. 59-72.
[14] Kobayashi, A.S. “A simple procedure for
estimating stress intensity factor in regions high
stress gradients.” WASHINGTON: Significance
of defects in welded structures, Defense
Technical Information Center, 1973.
[15] Atluri, S.N., K. Kathirsan. “Outer and Inner
Surface Flaws in Thick-Walled Pressure
Vessels.” Transaction of the Fourth International
Conference on Structure Matreial in Reactor
Technology, San Francisco, California, 1977.
[16] McGowan, J.J., M. Raymund. “Stress intensity
factor for internal longitudinal semi-elliptical
surface flaws in a cylinder under arbitrary
loading.” ASTM STP 677, 1979, pp. 365-380.
[17] Newman, J.C., I.S. Raju. “Stress intensity factor
for internal surface cracks in Cylindrical pressure
vessels.” Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology
102, 1980, pp. 342-346.
[18] Raju, I.S., J. C. Newman. “Stress intensity factor
for internal and external surface cracks in
Cylindrical vessels.” Journal of Pressure Vessel
Technology 104, 1982, pp. 293-298.
[19] Kirkhope, K.J., R. Bell, J. Kikhope. “Stress
intensity factors equations for single and multipe
cracked pressurized thick walled cylinders.”
International Journal of Pressure Vessel and
Piping 41, 1990, pp. 103-111.
[20] Kirkhope, K.J., R. Bell, J. Kikhope. “Stress
intensity factors equations for single and multipe
semi elliptical surface cracks in pressurized thick
walled cylinders.” International Journal of
Pressure Vessel and Piping, 47, 1991, pp. 247-
257.
[21] Zheng, X.J., G. Glinka. Weight function and
stress intensity factors for longitudinal semi-
elliptical cracks in thick walled cylinders.”
Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 117,
1995, pp. 383-389.
[22] Zheng, X.J, A. Kiciak, G. Glinka. “Weight
function and stress intensity factors for internal
surface semi elliptical crack in thick walled
cylinders.” Enginieering Fracture mechanics 58,
1997, pp. 207-221.
[24] Long, H., D. Gery, A. Carlier, P.G. Maropoulos.
“Prediction of welding distortion in butt joint of
thin plates.” Materials & Design 30 (10), 2009,
pp. 4126-4135.
[25] Zhu, X.K., Y.J. Chao. “Effects of temperature
dependent material properties on welding
simulation.” Computers and Structures 80, 2002,
pp. 967-976.
[26] Chao, Y., and X. Qi. “Thermal and Thermo-
Mechanical Modeling of Friction Stir Welding of
Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6.” Journal of Materials
Processing & Manufacturing Science 7, 1998, pp.
215-233.
[27] API RP-579. Recommended practices for
fitness-for-service, 2000.
[28] PD 6493. Guidance on Methods for Assessing
the Acceptability of flaws in Fusion welded
structures. British standards institute, 1991.
[29] MacMaster, F.J., K.S. Chan, S.C. Bergsma, and
M.E. Kassner. “Aluminum alloy 6069 part II:
87 1393زمستان ز و ييپاسال سوم، شمارة دوم،
fracture toughness of 6061-T6 and 6069-T6.”
Materials Science and Engineering A 289, 2000,
pp. 54–59.
[30] 6061-T6 Aluminum. Material Notes. A
Resource for Semiconductor Manufacturers,
www.glemco.com, 2013.
1. Aluminum 6061-T6
2. WELDSIM
3. ANSYS ®
4. ABAQUS ®
5.Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
6. FORTRAN
7. DC3D20
8. C3D20R
9. heat-affected zone (HAZ)
