PET

The Development of Self-reinforced Recycled PET Composites and its Applications

*1 (30%)

1(50%)

1(20%)

2

1

2

C.M. Wu1, W.Y. Lai

1, P.C. Lin

1, K.Y. Liao

2

Department of Materials Science and Engineering,

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology1

SUNRISING Eco-Friendly Technology Co. Ltd.2

PET

PET

PET (srrPET)

121.3 MPa82.0 MPa1103.2 J/m

PET (srPET-FR)

110.7 MPa 82.7 MPa 852.0 J/m

198.3 MPa 180.4 MPa

Abstract

In this study, the object is to research a new generation of recycled

self-reinforced PET composites with flame retardancy and create the technology

energy. The advantage of mass-production type hot pressing system and

continues-processing could develop the mass production capability and low

production cost. And using the textile technology to create the recycled PET

commingle yarn and complex fabric. Then, the self-reinforced recycled PET

(srrPET) composites were prepared by film stacking technique into composites. For

the srrPET composites, the tensile strength is up to 121.3 MPa, the flexural strength

and impact absorption energy are 82.0 MPa and 1103.2 J/m, respectively.

Self-reinforced recycled PET (srPET-FR) composites not noly have flame retardancy

properties but also have high tensile strength (110.7 MPa), flexural strength (82.7

MPa) and impact absorption energy (852.0 J/m). For the open hole tensile test, both

composites systems exhibit notch insensitivity, superior ductile behavior and have the

best bearing strength (198.3 MPa and 196.2 MPa). Finally, the market adaptability

and industry feasibility would be discussed.

Keyword: Recycling, Self-reinforced composites, Commingled yarn, Flame

retardant

(PET)

(

)

PET

[1]

PET

PET

[1, 2]

[1, 3]

PET [1, 4]

PET

2007 Pegoretti[5]

(all-polymer composite)

(self-reinforced composite)

SPC (Reinforcement)

(Matrix)

SPC

SPC

/

PE

(PP) [6]

(PET) [7] (PLA)

[5]

PP

CurvArmordonPure

SPC

Curv (Hot compaction)

Armordon Pure (Co-extrusion)

SPC

2006 Alcock [8]

(constrain) (coextrusion)

PP 30

PP Barany

Karger-Kocsis [9]

PP PP (

) 23

(168 :145)

PP 2010

Wu [10]

PET

[11]

[12, 13]Whitney [12]

3

Pinnell [13]

[14-16]

[17]

OH

[14,

16, 17]

[18]

(Roll to

roll)

PET

PET

PET

PET

(mPET) PET (mPET-FR)

226 227

PET (rPET)

PET (rPET-FR) 262

259

5500ppm 1

(S Z)

1

2/2

13 / 12 /

PET

PET

2

5

(23512 MPa1 min)

100 100 cm2

PET 8

1.

(MTS 810, MTS

Systems Corporation, Mpls. MN)

ASTM D3039

5 mm/min 250 mm 25 mm

2 mm

2.

(AG-100 KNX,

Shimadzu, Japan)

ASTM D790 3.4

mm/min 100 mm 25 mm 2

mm 1:32

3.

(CPI, Atlas electric

devices, USA) ASTM

D256 3.4 m/sec

63.5 mm 12.7 mm 2 mm

2.7 mm 5.4 J

4. (open hole)

(MTS 810, MTS

Systems Corporation, Mpls. MN)

ASTM D5766

5 mm/min 250 mm 25 mm

2 mm 46 8 mm

(W/D=6, 4, 3)

5. (Pin hole)

(MTS 810, MTS

Systems Corporation, Mpls. MN)

ASTM D953

1.3 mm/min 120 mm 2 mm

6 mm E/D=4

W/D=234 5

1.

PET -

3 3

-

2 PET

121.3 MPa PET

110.8 MPa

91% 2

(41.0 MPa 3.4 GPa)

PET

2.

4 -

5

3

PET

82.0 MPa 2.8 GPa PET

82.7 MPa 2.5 GPa

3.

Izod 6

6a 6b

PET

6c 6d

PET

3

PET

1103.2 J/m

PET 852.0

J/m PET

()

4.

W/D

( 7)

4 W/D

(41.6 MPa 41.0

MPa)(3.4 GPa 3.8 GPa)

5

142%

82%

82%

5.

8W/D

( E/D

4) 8a

PET W/D 5

198.3 MPa PET

180.4 MPa

9

W/D=5

W/D=2 W/D

PET

PET

PET

PET

PET

PET

(1103.2 J/m)

()PET

PET

(Uncommingled yarn)

( 10)

( 11)

PET

PET

( 12)

(

)

PET

3R

PET

PET

PET

[19]

PET

PET

(NetComposites)

1 PET

Figure 1 The double covered uncommingled

yarn of rPET/mPET

2 PET

Figure 2 The manufacturing process of srrPET

composites

3 PET -

Figure 3 Typical tensile stress-strain curves of

srrPET composites

4 PET -

Figure 4 Typical flexural stress-strain curves of

srrPET composites

5 PET

Figure 5 Typical flexural tested sample of

srrPET composites

6 PET

(a) (b) PET

(c) (d))

Figure 6 The impact failure images for tested

sample; srrPET composites (a) impact side

(b)compressive side ; srrPET-FR composites (c)

impact side (d) compressive side

7 W/D

Figure 7 Failure modes of tensile specimens of

srrPET composites with different W/D ratio

8 W/D- (a)

PET (b) PET

( E/D=4)

Figure 8 Typical loaddisplacement curves for

composites with different W/D ratio (a) srrPET

composites (b) srrPET-FR composites (E/D=4

constant)

9 W/D (

E/D=4)

Figure 9 Failure modes of pin hole tensile

specimens of srrPET composites with different

W/D ratio (E/D=4 constant)

10

Figure 10 Continues-processing

11

Figure 11 The composites sample after

continues-processing

12 PET

Figure 12 SrrPET composites applied to canvas

1

Table 1 The specifications and mechanical

properties of matrix and reinforcing fibers

2 PET

Table 2 The universal tensile properties of

srrPET composites

3 PET

Table 3 The flexural and impact properties of

srrPET composites

4 PET

Table 4 The open hole tensile properties of

srrPET composites

5 W/D

Table 5 The tensile strength retention of

composites with different W/D ratio after

drilling

[1] Awaja F., Pavel D.: Recycling of PET.

European Polymer Journal, 41, 1453-1477

(2005)

[2] Merrington A.: 11 - Recycling of Plastics. in

'Applied Plastics Engineering Handbook' (eds.:

Kutz M.) William Andrew Publishing, Oxford,

177-192 (2011)

[3] Lpez M. d. M. C., Ares Pernas A. I., Abad

Lpez M. J., Latorre A. L., Lpez Vilario J. M.,

Gonzlez Rodrguez M. V.: Assessing changes

on poly(ethylene terephthalate) properties after

recycling: Mechanical recycling in laboratory

versus postconsumer recycled material.

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 147, 884-894

(2014)

[4] Karayannidis G. P., Achilias D. S.: Chemical

Recycling of Poly(ethylene terephthalate).

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,

292, 128-146 (2007)

[5] Pegoretti A.: Trends in composite materials:

the challenge of single-polymer composites.

Express Polymer Letters, 1, 710 (2007)

[6] Bledzki A., Heim H. P., Pamann D., Ries

A.: Manufacturing of Self-Reinforced All-PP

Composites. in 'Synthetic PolymerPolymer

Composites' (eds.: Debes B. and Stoyko F.)

Hanser, 719-738 (2012)

[7] Zhang J. M., Peijs T.: Self-reinforced

poly(ethylene terephthalate) composites by hot

consolidation of Bi-component PET yarns.

Composites Part A: Applied Science and

Manufacturing, 41, 964-972 (2010)

[8] Alcock B., Cabrera N. O., Barkoula N. M.,

Loos J., Peijs T.: The mechanical properties of

unidirectional all-polypropylene composites.

Composites Part A: Applied Science and

Manufacturing, 37, 716-726 (2006)

[9] Brny T., Karger-Kocsis J., Czigny T.:

Development and characterization of

self-reinforced poly(propylene) composites:

carded mat reinforcement. Polymers for

Advanced Technologies, 17, 818-824 (2006)

[10] J. C. Chen C. M. W., F. C. Pu, C. H. Chiu.

Fabrication and mechanical properties of

self-reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate)

composites. eXPRESS Polymer Letters, 5,

228-237 (2010)

[11] Thoppul S. D., Finegan J., Gibson R. F.:

Mechanics of mechanically fastened joints in

polymermatrix composite structures A

review. Composites Science and Technology, 69,

301-329 (2009)

[12] Whitney J. M., Nuismer R. J.: Stress

Fracture Criteria for Laminated Composites

Containing Stress Concentrations. Journal of

Composite Materials, 8, 253-265 (1974)

[13] Pinnell M. F.: An examination of the effect

of composite constituent properties on the

notched-strength performance of composite

materials. Composites Science and Technology,

56, 1405-1413 (1996)

[14] Perret B., Schartel B., St K., Ciesielski

M., Diederichs J., Dring M., Krmer J.,

Altstdt V.: Novel DOPO-based flame

retardants in high-performance car